湖南省长沙市师大附中2025届高三上学期第二次月考英语试题 含解析

湖南师大附中2025届高三月考试卷(二)英语第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheVirginIslandsNationalParkisatropical(热带的)paradiseontheislandofSt.John,whichcoversmorethanhalfofthesmallisland.ItissurroundedbytheAtlanticOceantothenorthandtheCaribbeanSeatothesouth,wheretheclimateiswarmallyear.Theisland'swhitesandbeachesandclearblueseasareconsideredtobeamongthemostbeautifulintheCaribbean,gainingreputationandpopularityamongvisitorsacrosstheworld.HowthenationalparkwasformedLaurenceRockefellerwasanAmericanmillionaire,businessmanandconservationist.HevisitedSt.Johninthe1950s.Hequicklyfellinlovewiththeisland'sclean,purebeauty.Hefirstpurchasedasmallresortthere,CaneelBay.Healsopurchasedmorethan2,000hectaresoftheislandanddonatedittothegovernment.ThatdonationcreatedtheU.S.VirginIslandsNationalPark.ItwasofficiallyopenedasanationalparkonDecember1,1956.HowtogettotheparkTheonlywaytoreachtheparkisbyboat.Somepeoplearriveontheirownsailboats.Otherscomeinonlargecruiseships.VisitorsalsoarriveonwatertaxisfromtheislandofSt.Thomas.WhattodoattheparkFromthetropicalhillstothebluewaters,therearemanythingstodoattheVirginIslandsNationalPark.Visitorsenjoyfishing,camping,sailing,scubadiving,snorkeling(浮潜),andbirdwatching.Ofallofthepark'sbeaches,TrunkBayBeachissaidtobethemoststriking.Belowtheclearbluewaterisa200-metersnorkelingpath.HawksnestBeachisalsoapopularplaceforsnorkeling.NeartheshorearethreesmallreefsofElkhornCoral.TheElkhornCoralgetsitsnamefromitsshape.Thereeflookssimilartothehugehorns(角)ofananimalcalledelk.Itisaveryrarekindofreef.Scientistssayitisindangerofbecomingextinct.TheVirginIslandsNationalParkisoftencalledAmerica'sparadise.ItprotectsSt.John'spristinenature,andpreservestherecordofhumanhistoryintheCaribbean.Don'thesitate!Comehereandputyourselfintheparadise!1.WhatismostlikelyattractivetotouristswhentheyvisittheVirginIslandsNationalPark?A.Itstropicalclimate. B.Itslocation.C.Itsbeautifulscenery. D.Itsactivity.2.WhatcanwelearnabouttheVirginIslandsNationalPark?A.Ananimalcalledelkisatriskofbecomingdyingout.B.Visitorscanchooseanymeansoftransportationtogettothepark.C.Laurence'sdonationgreatlycontributedtothefoundationofthepark.D.Thereisa200-metersnorkelingpathbeneaththewateroftheHawksnestBeach.3.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aspeechscript. B.Atravelbrochure.C.Anacademicessay. D.Ageographicjournal.【答案】1.C2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了美国维尔京群岛国家公园的概况、怎么去这个公园、以及在这个公园可以做一些什么。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Theisland’swhitesandbeachesandclearblueseasareconsideredtobeamongthemostbeautifulintheCaribbean,gainingreputationandpopularityamongvisitorsacrosstheworld.(岛上的白色沙滩和清澈的蓝色海洋被认为是加勒比海最美丽的海滩之一，在世界各地的游客中赢得了声誉和欢迎。)”可知，游客们最有可能被它的美丽景色吸引。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Healsopurchasedmorethan2,000hectaresoftheislandanddonatedittothegovernment.ThatdonationcreatedtheU.S.VirginIslandsNationalPark.(他还购买2000多公顷的土地并捐赠给了政府。这笔捐赠创建了美国维尔京群岛国家公园。)”可知，是他的这笔捐款促成了维尔京群岛国家公园的建立。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Don’thesitate!Comehereandputyourselfintheparadise!(不要犹豫！来，置身于天堂！)”以及小标题“Howtogettothepark”和“Whattodoatthepark”可知，此文摘自于旅游手册。故选B。BBoeing’sStarlinerspacecraftlandedinaNewMexicodesertlateonFriday,monthsafteritsoriginaldeparturedateandwithoutthetwoastronautsitcarriedwhenitlaunchedinearlyJune.TheNasaastronautsSuniWilliamsandButchWilmoreshouldhaveflowntheStarlinerbacktoEarthinJuneaweekafterlaunchinginit.Butthruster(推进器)failuresandhelium(氦气)leaksmarredtheirride.Instead,theywillremainattheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)fortherestoftheyearandwillreturninFebruaryaboardtheSpaceXDragonspacecraft.NasaultimatelydecideditwastooriskytoreturnWilliamsandWilmoreontheStarliner.Sothecapsulecontainstheiremptyseatsandbluespacesuitsalongwithsomeoldstationequipment.AfterNasa’sspaceshuttleswereretiredmorethanadecadeago,NasahiredBoeingandSpaceXfororbital(轨道的)taxiservice.Boeingranintosomanyproblemsonitsfirsttestflightwithnooneonboardin2019thatithadtorepeatit.The2022do-overuncoveredevenmoreflawsandtherepairbilltopped$1.5bn.TheStarlinerfinallyblastedintospaceon5JunefromFlorida’sCapeCanaveralSpaceForceStationafterunsuccessfullauncheson6Mayand1June.Onthefirstlaunchattempt,aproblemwasfoundwithavalve(阀门)onthesecondstage,orupperportion,oftherocket.Onthesecond,acomputertrippedanautomaticholdjustthreeminutesand50secondsfromliftoff.Thatwaslaterattributedtoasinglegroundpowersupplyfaultwithinoneofthelaunchcontrolcomputers.Evenafteritsuccessfullylaunched,heliumleakscontinuedtotroublethespacecraft.AstheStarlinerapproachedtheISS,twoleaksweredetectedbutNasadeterminedthespacecraftremainedstable.Whatstartedasaneight-daymissiondraggedonforthreemonthsaftertheleaksandfaultythrustersraisedsafetyconcerns.However,NasaandBoeingofficialsinsistedthattheastronautswerenottrappedandthatthetechnicaldifficultiesdidnotthreatenthemission.“We’llcomehomewhenwe’reready,”SteveStich,Nasa’scommercialcrewprogrammanager,saidinthepressconferenceinJuly.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“marred”inparagraph2mean?A.Underwent. B.Stimulated.C.Facilitated. D.Blocked.5.WhatdoweknowaboutBoeing’sspacecraftlaunches?A.Theywerefilledwithdelaysandsetbacks. B.Starliner’sinitiallaunchwentsmoothly.C.The2019mannedspaceflightwasafailure D.Reasonsoftheproblemswerestillunidentified.6.Whydidn’tthetwoastronautscomebacktoEarthontime?A.Becausetheprojectwentovertheoriginalbudget. B.Becausetheywerebothinserioushealthconditions.C.BecauseitwasdangeroustotaketheStarlinerthen. D.BecauseNasaofficialsfailedtoreachanagreement.7.Whatcanbeimpliedaccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?A.Thetwoastronautswouldcomebacksoon.B.Officialsconsideredthesituationwithincontrol.C.Nasaofficialswerepessimisticandpressed.D.Themissionwouldbecompletedin3months.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述美国波音公司的载人飞船“星际客机”搭载两名美国宇航员发射升空，因技术故障导致宇航员无法如期返回。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“TheNasaastronautsSuniWilliamsandButchWilmoreshouldhaveflowntheStarlinerbacktoEarthinJune,aweekafterlaunchinginit.utthruster(推进器)failuresandhelium(氦气)leaks…(美国国家航空航天局的宇航员SuniWilliams和ButchWilmore本应在6月，即发射一周后，驾驶“星际客机”返回地球。但是推进器故障和氦气泄漏……)”和下文“Instead,theywillremainattheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)fortherestoftheyearandwillreturninFebruaryaboardtheSpaceXDragonspacecraft.(相反，他们将在今年剩下的时间里留在国际空间站(ISS)，并将于2月份乘坐SpaceX的“龙”飞船返回)”可知，因推进器故障和氦气泄漏，宇航员不能按原计划返回，只能暂时待在国际空间站，故此处指技术故障阻碍了旅程，marred意为“阻碍”，故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“TheStarlinerfinallyblastedintospaceon5JunefromFlorida’sCapeCanaveralSpaceForceStationafterunsuccessfullauncheson6Mayand1June.Onthefirstlaunchattempt,aproblemwasfoundwithavalve(阀门)onthesecondstage,orupperportion,oftherocket.Onthesecond,acomputertrippedanautomaticholdjustthreeminutesand50secondsfromliftoff.Thatwaslaterattributedtoasinglegroundpowersupplyfaultwithinoneofthelaunchcontrolcomputers.(在5月6日和6月1日两次发射失败后，“星际客机”终于于6月5日从佛罗里达州卡纳维拉尔角空间站发射升空。在第一次发射中，在火箭的第二级或上部的阀门上发现了问题。第二次发射时，计算机在发射前3分50秒触发了一次自动保持。这后来被归因于一个发射控制计算机的单一地面电源故障)”可知，波音的载人飞行任务历经波折，充满了延期和挫折。故选A。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“NasaultimatelydecideditwastooriskytoreturnWilliamsandWilmoreontheStarliner.(美国宇航局最终决定让Williams和Wilmore乘坐星际客机返回太冒险了。)”可知，宇航员没有顺利返程是因为宇航局最终确定如果宇宙飞船带他们一起返回太冒险了，故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“...Nasadeterminedthespacecraftremainedstable(美国宇航局确定飞船保持稳定)”和最后一段中“However,NasaandBoeingofficialsinsistedthattheastronautswerenottrappedandthatthetechnicaldifficultiesdidnotthreatenthemission.(然而，美国宇航局和波音公司的官员坚称，宇航员没有被困，技术上的困难不会威胁到任务)”可知，官员认为目前情况可控，故选B。CActorAliciaSilverstoneworriedfansonsocialmediarecently.WhileonatriptoEngland,shepostedaTikTokvideoofherselftastingakindofpoisonousberriesshefoundalongasidewalk.Silverstone,whoappearedinthe1995movieClueless,saidshethoughtthefruitwasatomato.Butwhenshebitintoitandfoundthatithadanunusualtaste,sherealizedthatitwasnotthecommonfood.Plantexpert,JessicaDamiano,recentlywroteaboutpoisonousplantsthatlooklikecommonfoodsfortheAssociatedPress.ShesaidthefruitthatlookedlikeatomatoappearstohavebeenaJerusalemcherry.Oftensoldasahouseplant,allpartsoftheJerusalemcherryarepoisonous.TheAmericanSocietyforthePreventionofCrueltytoAnimalssaystheplantisnotonlyharmfultohumansbutalsotodogs,catsandhorses.Eatinglargeamountscanbedeadly.Silverstonewasluckybecauseshedidnotswallowtheberries.Shewasalsoluckybecausetheberrieswerereddishorange,whichmeanttheywereripe.WhileallpartsoftheJerusalemcherryarepoisonous,theplant’sunripeberriescanbeespeciallydangerous.Theycancauseproblemswiththecentralnervousandgastrointestinal(肠胃的)systems.TheJerusalemcherryisnottheonlytoxicplantthatlookslikeasafeone.ThepoisonousCarolinahorsenettlefruitalsolookslikeatomato.Itisalsoknownasdevil’spotatotoaddtotheconfusion.TheVirginiacreeperfruitalsolookslikeblueberries,anditcanbedeadlyifeaten.Wildparsniphasflowerslikeacarrotandleaveslikeparsley(欧芹).Simplytouchingitcancauseaskinproblem.Creepingbuttercuplookslikeflat-leafparsley.Itcancauseseverestomachpain,vomiting(呕吐)andheartproblems.AndCanadianmoonseedcanbeconfusedwithwildgrape.However,itstasteissobitterthatyouwouldlikelyspititoutbeforeswallowingit.Thisisagoodthingbecauseeatingitcanleadtodeath.Ifyouthinkyouhaveswallowedatoxicplantbymistake,contactapoisoncontrolcenterinyourareaoryourdoctorimmediately.Thereisadditionalinformationonthewebsite.Damianoadvisesusingcommonsensewithplantsyoufindinthewild.Ifyouarenotcompletelysurethatsomethingisfood,donoteatit.8.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.Topresenttheauthor’sargument.B.Tointroducethetopicofthearticle.C.Toraisethepublic’sattentionofwildplants.D.Topopularizetheknowledgeofmedicalscience.9.WhywasSilverstonethoughttobefortunate?A.Theberriesshehadabitewereripe.B.Shefoundthefruitsheatewasatomato.C.Shehadagoodknowledgeofwildplants.D.Theamountoftheberriessheconsumedwaslarge.10.Accordingtothedescription,whatplantscanbemostharmfultopeople?A.Carolinahorsenettleandwildparsnip.B.Virginiacreeperandcreepingbuttercup.C.WildparsnipandCanadianmoonseed.D.CanadianmoonseedandVirginiacreeper.11.Whatmaybethesuitablemeasureifsomeonemistakenlyswallowsapoisonousplant?A.Spittingitoutasquicklyaspossible.B.Makinganappointmentwiththeirdoctor.C.Gettingintouchwiththelocalauthorityinstantly.D.SearchingfortherelevantinformationontheInternet.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了误食有毒植物的风险及可能混淆的植物。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“ActorAliciaSilverstoneworriedfansonsocialmediarecently.WhileonatriptoEngland,shepostedaTikTokvideoofherselftastingakindofpoisonousberriesshefoundalongasidewalk.Silverstone,whoappearedinthe1995movieClueless,saidshethoughtthefruitwasatomato.Butwhenshebitintoitandfoundthatithadanunusualtaste,sherealizedthatitwasnotthecommonfood.(演员艾丽西亚·西尔弗斯通最近在社交媒体上让粉丝们感到担忧。在英国旅行期间，她发布了一段TikTok视频，视频中她品尝了在人行道上发现的一种有毒浆果。Silverstone曾出演1995年的电影《独领风骚》，她说她认为这种水果是番茄。但当她咬了一口，发现它有一种不同寻常的味道时，她意识到这不是普通的食物)”以及第二段“Plantexpert,JessicaDamiano,recentlywroteaboutpoisonousplantsthatlooklikecommonfoodsfortheAssociatedPress.ShesaidthefruitthatlookedlikeatomatoappearstohavebeenaJerusalemcherry.(植物专家JessicaDamiano最近为美联社写了一篇关于看起来像普通食物的有毒植物的文章。她说，看起来像番茄的水果似乎是耶路撒冷樱桃)”可推知，第一段介绍了Silverstone与毒莓的事件，旨在引入文章主题，即谈论有毒植物与看似无害植物的相似性。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Silverstonewasluckybecauseshedidnotswallowtheberries.Shewasalsoluckybecausetheberrieswerereddishorange,whichmeanttheywereripe.WhileallpartsoftheJerusalemcherryarepoisonous,theplant’sunripeberriescanbeespeciallydangerous.(Silverstone很幸运，因为她没有吞下那些浆果。她也很幸运，因为那些浆果是红橙色的，这意味着它们已经成熟了。虽然夹竹桃的所有部分都有毒，但这种植物的未成熟浆果尤其危险)”可知，Silverstone幸运是因为浆果已经成熟，所以毒性就变小了。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第六段“ThepoisonousCarolinahorsenettlefruitalsolookslikeatomato.Itisalsoknownasdevil’spotatotoaddtotheconfusion.TheVirginiacreeperfruitalsolookslikeblueberries,anditcanbedeadlyifeaten.Wildparsniphasflowerslikeacarrotandleaveslikeparsley(欧芹).Simplytouchingitcancauseaskinproblem.Creepingbuttercuplookslikeflat-leafparsley.Itcancauseseverestomachpain,vomiting(呕吐)andheartproblems.AndCanadianmoonseedcanbeconfusedwithwildgrape.However,itstasteissobitterthatyouwouldlikelyspititoutbeforeswallowingit.Thisisagoodthingbecauseeatingitcanleadtodeath.(有毒的卡罗莱纳马铃薯茄果实看起来像番茄。它也被称作魔鬼土豆，增加了辨认的难度。弗吉尼亚爬山虎的果实看起来像蓝莓，如果食用的话可能是致命的。野生欧防风有像胡萝卜的花和像欧芹的叶子。仅仅是接触它就会引起皮肤问题。匍匐黄水仙看起来像扁叶欧芹。它会引起剧烈的胃痛、呕吐和心脏问题。加拿大月籽藤容易被误认为是野生葡萄。然而，它的味道非常苦，你会在吞咽之前把它吐出来。这是件好事，因为食用它会导致死亡)”可知，弗吉尼亚爬山虎和加拿大月籽藤都有可能致命。由此可推知，这两种植物会对人类造成最大的伤害。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Ifyouthinkyouhaveswallowedatoxicplantbymistake,contactapoisoncontrolcenterinyourareaoryourdoctorimmediately.Thereisadditionalinformationonthewebsite(如果你认为自己误吞了有毒植物，请立即联系你所在地区的毒物控制中心或医生。网站上有更多信息)”可知，如果有人误吞有毒植物，最适合的措施是立即联系当地权威机构。故选C。DSuperhumanartificialintelligencehasplayedaroleinourlife.Whenitcomestoplayinggameslikechess,orsolvingdifficultscientificchallengeslikepredictingproteinstructures,computersarewellaheadofhumans.Butwehaveonesuperpowertheyaren’tclosetomastering:mindreading.Weareblessedwithamysteriousabilitytoreasonthegoals,desiresandbeliefsofothers,acrucialskillthatmeanswecananticipateotherpeople’sactionsandtheconsequencesofourown.IfAIsaretobecometrulyusefulineverydaylife—tocooperateeffectivelywithusortounderstandthatachildmightrunintotheroadafterabouncingball—wehavetogivethemthisgiftthatevolutionhasgivenustoreadotherpeople'sminds.Inpsychology,theabilitytoinferanother’smentalstateisreferredtoastheoryofmind.Inhumans,thiscapacitydevelopsataveryyoungage.Howtoreproducethecapabilityinmachinesisfarfromclear,though.Oneofthemainchallengesiscontext.Forinstance,ifsomeoneaskswhetheryouaregoingforarunandyoureply“it’sraining”,theycanquicklyconcludetheanswerisno.Butthisrequireshugeamountsofbackgroundknowledgeaboutrunning,weatherandhumanpreferences.Besides,whetherhumansorAI,thetheoryofmindissupposedtoemergenaturallyfromone’sownlearningprocess.BuildingpriorknowledgeintoAImakesitreliantonourimperfectunderstandingoftheoryofmind.Inaddition,AImaybecapableofdevelopingapproacheswecouldneverimagine.Therecanbemanyformsoftheoryofmindthatwedon’tknowaboutsimplybecauseweliveinahumanbodythathascertaintypesofsensesandacertainabilitytothink.ButwemightstillwantAItohaveamorehuman-likeformoftheoryofmind.Humanscanclearlyexplaintheirgoalstoeachotherusingcommonlanguageandideas.WhilelettingAIformthetheoryofmindintheirlearningprocessislikelytoleadtodevelopingmorepowerfulAI,plainlybuildinginsharedwaystorepresentknowledgemaybecrucialforhumanstotrustandcommunicatewithAI.Itisimportanttoremember,though,thatthepursuitofmachineswiththeoryofmindisaboutmorethanjustbuildingmoreusefulrobots.ItisalsoasteppingstoneonthepathtowardsadeepergoalforAIandroboticsresearch:buildingtrulyself-awaremachines.Whetherwewillevergetthereremainstobeseen.Butalongthewaythinkingaboutotherpeopleandotheragents,weareonthepathtolearningtothinkaboutourselves.12.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcontextscanAIunderstandwell?A.Whenaskedwhereanobjectis,anaughtykidpointsinthewrongdirection.B.Whenateacherasksforaboy’shomework,heanswers“mydogateit”.C.Whenyouaretreatedwithahotpotfordinner,youreply“asorethroat”.D.Whenamomtellsherkidmilkisgoodforhealth,thekiddrinksitup.13.Whichstatementwilltheauthoragreewithmostabouttheoryofmind?A.Humans’theoryofmindisfarfromperfect.B.HumanslimitAI’stheoryofmindtoanextent.C.AI’stheoryofminddevelopmenthasbeentotallydecoded.D.SharedformsoftheoryofmindresultinmorepowerfulAI.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardtrulyself-awaremachines?A.Ambiguous B.Conservative.C.Skeptical. D.Approving.15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.AI’sTheoryofMindWillDefineOurFutureB.AIwithItsOwnTheoryofMindIsExpectedC.AI’sTheoryofMind—aBlessingorSufferingtoHumansD.TheoryofMindBridgestheGapBetweenHumansandAI【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AI在心智理论发展中的挑战及其对人类沟通信任的影响。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Weareblessedwithamysteriousabilitytoreasonthegoals,desiresandbeliefsofothers,acrucialskillthatmeanswecananticipateotherpeople’sactionsandtheconsequencesofourown.IfAIsaretobecometrulyusefulineverydaylife—tocooperateeffectivelywithusortounderstandthatachildmightrunintotheroadafterabouncingball—wehavetogivethemthisgiftthatevolutionhasgivenustoreadotherpeople’sminds.(我们拥有着一种神秘的能力，可以推理出他人的目标、欲望和信念，这是一种至关重要的技能，使我们能够预判他人的行动以及我们自身行为的后果。如果要让人工智能在日常生活中真正发挥作用——与我们有效协作，或是理解孩子可能会因为追一个弹跳的球而跑到马路上——我们必须赋予它们这种通过进化赐予我们的、解读他人想法的能力)”可知，AI不具备人类推理出他人的目标、欲望和信念的能力。由此可推知，“当妈妈告诉孩子牛奶对健康有益时，孩子就把它喝光了”不涉及推理，AI可以轻松理解。故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段的“BuildingpriorknowledgeintoAImakesitreliantonourimperfectunderstandingoftheoryofmind.Inaddition,AImaybecapableofdevelopingapproacheswecouldneverimagine.Therecanbemanyformsoftheoryofmindthatwedon’tknowaboutsimplybecauseweliveinahumanbodythathascertaintypesofsensesandacertainabilitytothink.(将先验知识植入人工智能会使它依赖于我们对心智理论这种不完美的理解。此外，人工智能或许能够发展出我们完全无法想象的方法。可能存在许多形式的心智理论，而我们之所以不了解它们，仅仅是因为我们生而为人，具有特定类型的感官和特定的思考能力)”可知，人类在一定程度上限制了AI的思维理论，作者最有可能同意这个观点。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“ButwemightstillwantAItohaveamorehuman-likeformoftheoryofmind.(但我们可能仍然希望人工智能有一种更像人类的心理理论形式)”以及最后一段的“ItisalsoasteppingstoneonthepathtowardsadeepergoalforAIandroboticsresearch:buildingtrulyself-awaremachines.Whetherwewillevergetthereremainstobeseen.Butalongthewaythinkingaboutotherpeopleandotheragents,weareonthepathtolearningtothinkaboutourselves.(这也是通往人工智能和机器人研究更深目标的垫脚石：建造真正具备自我意识的机器。我们是否能够最终达到这一目标还有待观察。但在这一过程中，通过思考其他人和其他主体，我们正走在学会反思自我的道路上)”可推知，作者支持开发具有心智理论的AI，期待建造真正有自我意识的机器。故选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Superhumanartificialintelligencehasplayedaroleinourlife.Whenitcomestoplayinggameslikechess,orsolvingdifficultscientificchallengeslikepredictingproteinstructures,computersarewellaheadofhumans.Butwehaveonesuperpowertheyaren'tclosetomastering:mindreading.(超人级别的人工智能已经在我们的生活中发挥了作用。无论是下棋游戏，还是解决像预测蛋白质结构这样复杂的科学挑战，计算机的表现都远远超过了人类。但我们拥有一种它们尚未接近掌握的超能力：读心术)”以及最后一段的“ItisalsoasteppingstoneonthepathtowardsadeepergoalforAIandroboticsresearch:buildingtrulyself-awaremachines.Whetherwewillevergetthereremainstobeseen.Butalongthewaythinkingaboutotherpeopleandotheragents,weareonthepathtolearningtothinkaboutourselves.(这也是通往人工智能和机器人研究更深目标的垫脚石：建造真正具备自我意识的机器。我们是否能够最终达到这一目标还有待观察。但在这一过程中，通过思考其他人和其他主体，我们正走在学会反思自我的道路上)可知，文章主要探讨了超人人工智能虽在特定任务上超越人类，但在“读心术”（理解他人意图）方面仍显不足，强调了为AI赋予类似人类的“心智理论”能力的重要性及其挑战。所以“人工智能有望拥有自己的心智理论”适合作本文的标题。故选B。第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Ensuringthatyourhomeisasenergy-efficientasitcanpossiblybeisessential.Takethestepslistedbelow,andyou'llbelivinginanenergy-efficienthomeinnotime.____16____Tostopitinitstracks,youmustinvestinhavingyourhouseinsulated(隔热).Takingsuchactionmaydemandsomecostinadvance,butitwillbesuretosaveyouoverf100ayearwhenitcomestoyourenergybills.Theoldboilers(锅炉)arenotasenergy-efficientastheverylatestmodelsinthisfield.____17____Byinvestinginatopofthelineboiler,you'llnodoubttapintoanumberofsavings.What'smore,makingthiskindofinvestmentwillalsobesuretoloweryourhome'scarbonemissions.Onlywhenyouknowhowmuchenergyyouusecanyoutakeactiontobelesswastefulandmoreresourcefulinthisinstance.____18____Toassistyouintakingonthisextremelyimportantchallengeyoumightwanttoconsiderfittinganenergymonitorinyourhome.____19____Butifyou'relucky,yourelectricityproviderwillgiveyouoneforfree.Thismonitorwillprovideyouandyourfamilywithconstantupdatesontheamountofenergyyouareusingonaday-to-daybasis.Withjustafewyearstogountilclimatechangealtersearthforever,nowisthetimeforyoutoplayyourpartinprotectingtheplanetthatyoulivein.____20____A.Generally,thistypeofdevicewillcostbetweenf25andf40.B.Itmeansyoushouldtrytokeeptrackofenergyconsumption.C.Theinvestmentdemandedinthiscaseisofgreatsignificance.D.Byputtingtheaboveadviceintopractice,you'llbegreensoon.E.Takingsuchactionwillhelpyouadjusttoclimatechangebetter.F.Mostofyourhome'swastedenergywillescapethroughyourroof.G.Itmightbehightimetoupdateyoursifyouhaven'tdonesoforyears【答案】16.F17.G18.B19.A20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲怎样让家变得更加节能。【16题详解】由下文“Tostopitinitstracks,youmustinvestinhavingyourhouseinsulated(隔热的).(为了在它的路径上阻止它，你必须投资让房子隔热)”可知，这里指需要阻止房内热量外流。F项Mostofyourhome’swastedenergywillescapethroughyourroof.(你家里浪费的大部分能源都会从屋顶逃逸出去)符合语境，下文it指代选项中的wastedenergy。故选F项。【17题详解】由上文“Theoldboilers(锅炉)arenotasenergy-efficientastheverylatestmodelsinthisfield.(在这个领域，旧锅炉的能效不如最新型号)”可知，旧锅炉更耗能，G项Itmightbehightimetoupdateyoursifyouhaven’tdonesoforyears.(如果你已经多年没有更新自己的锅炉，现在可能是时候了)符合语境，其中foryears与上文old对应，yours代指前文Theoldboilers，所以本句有承上作用。故选G项。【18题详解】由上文“Onlywhenyouknowhowmuchenergyyouusecanyoutakeactiontobelesswastefulandmoreresourcefulinthisinstance.(只有当你知道自己消耗了多少能量时，你才能采取行动，减少浪费，在这种情况下更加随机应变的。)”可知，这里讲要了解自己用了多少能量。B项Itmeansyoushouldtrytokeeptrackofenergyconsumption.(这意味着你应该努力跟踪能源消耗情况)符合语境，其中keeptrackofenergyconsumption与上文knowhowmuchenergyyouuse对应。有承上作用。故选B项。【19题详解】由下文“Butifyou’relucky,yourelectricityproviderwillgiveyouoneforfree.Thismonitorwillprovideyouandyourfamilywithconstantupdatesontheamountofenergyyouareusingonaday-to-daybasis.(但如果你幸运的话，你的电力供应商会免费给你一台。这款监控器将为你和你的家人提供日常能源消耗量的持续更新)”推知，空处指出监控的价格不是特别便宜，但如果运气好的话，电力供应商会免费提供。A项Generally,thistypeofdevicewillcostbetween£25and£40.(一般来说，这种设备的价格在25到40英镑之间)符合语境，其中£25and£40与下文forfree对应，都在讲花费在这设备上钱的问题，所以本句有启下作用。故选A项。【20题详解】由上文“Withjusttwelveyears(nowsevenyears)togountilclimatechangealtersearthforever,nowisthetimeforyoutoplayyourpartinprotectingtheplanetthatyoulivein.(离气候变化永远改变地球只有12年(现在是7年)了，现在是时候让你为保护你所居住的星球发挥你的作用了)”可知，作者号召读者保护地球，D项Byputtingtheaboveadviceintopractice,you’llbegreensoon.(把以上建议付诸实践，你很快就会变得更环保)符合语境，其中theaboveadvice指上面的建议，对上文有总结作用。故选D项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Notlongintomycareerinjournalism,IrealizedIwasinneedofsomeslow,____21____adventure.Thekindoffunthatrequiredlittleplanning,zerostressandalotoftime.Thekindoftimeyouoftendidn'tgetina____22____.Andthat'swhenI____23____asecret.Washington,D.C.,thecitywhereIlive,isfullofhiddenfossils.Inmyoverstimulatedlife,Ibeganto____24____fossils.Manyofthelocalsitesarewithin80milessouthofthecapitalalongthePotomacRiver,sofossilhunting____25____removesmefromthecity.Itisavisualgame,requiring____26____andfocus.Spottingrecognizableshapesinthewildislikethinkingoverabroken____27____inthesediment(沉积物).Isitatooth,aboneorashell?I'mlookingforthe____28____endpieces.Thankfully,my____29____phoneserviceintheseplacesholdsbacktherestoftheworldwhileI'mfindinganotherone.AndIknowthefossilsaren'tdemandingmy_______30_______attentionbecausetheyhavenothingbuttime.Once,Itookabottle-cap-sizedtrilobite(三叶虫)fossilintothenewsroomandplaceditwithinmysight.ItwassomethingIwantedto_______31_______throughouttheday.Turningoverthatpieceofrockisawayto_______32_______meoutsideforamomentandtoatimebeforehumansarrivedand_______33_______citiesontopofthoselands.Thinkingaboutgeologicaltimemakesmefeelbriefandremarkable,likethelittletrilobite.Myworriedmind_________34_________.Irealizealotofstressfuldetailsdon'tmatter.My_______35_______shifts.MaybeIdon'tneedtotakethatphonecallrightthisminute.21.A.dangerous B.low-risk C.historical D.romantic22.A.house B.car C.newsroom D.school23.A.revealed B.hid C.guarded D.discovered24.A.seek B.search C.purchase D.modify25.A.gradually B.physically C.eventually D.typically26.A.patience B.strength C.training D.courage27.A.dream B.image C.resource D.puzzle28.A.obvious B.expensive C.rare D.impressive29.A.precious B.conventional C.poor D.clear30.A.scholarly B.public C.extra D.immediate31.A.avoid B.notice C.introduce D.display32.A.touch B.hold C.seize D.transport33.A.built B.explored C.conquered D.found34.A.takesoff B.settlesdown C.goesblank D.runsout35.A.standpoint B.question C.standard D.task【答案】21.B22.C23.D24.A25.B26.A27.D28.C29.C30.D31.B32.D33.A34.B35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者寻找化石时发生的事情以及作者的心理变化。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的新闻职业生涯开始不久，我意识到我需要一些缓慢、低风险的冒险。A.dangerous危险的；B.low-risk低风险的；C.historical历史的；D.romantic浪漫的。根据上文中的“

slow”，可知，探寻化石之旅重要的是让作者的内心得到平静，所以需要低风险的冒险。故选B。22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那种你经常不在新闻编辑