（外研版）新高考英语一轮复习讲义 选择性必修第四册　Unit 4 Everyday economics

Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意1．foreheadn．额，前额2．chairwomann．女主席；女会长3．sunrisen．日出(时分)；黎明；拂晓4．bugn．突然的兴趣，迷恋5．inputn．投入(物)6．phasen．阶段，时期7．manufacturern．制造商；制造公司，制造厂8．cosmeticsn．化妆品，美容品9．bonusn．奖金；红利10．entrepreneurialadj.创业的，具有创业精神的11．equatorn．赤道12．estaten．庄园13．calorien．卡(路里)14．freshmann．(高中或大学的)一年级学生15．afloatadj.经济上周转得开的；不欠债的16．rationaladj.(想法、决定等)合理的，基于理性的17．toddlern．学步的儿童，刚学走路的小孩18．designerclothes名牌服装19．therebyadv.因此，由此20．supervisionn．监督；管理21．theftn．偷窃，偷盗22．pursen．(女式)钱包Ⅱ.重点单词——记形1．blankadj.无表情的，木然的2．potentialn．(事物的)潜力，可能性3．obstaclen．障碍，阻碍，妨碍4．purchasev．购买5．superioradj.质量上乘的，优质的6．mildadj.不浓烈的，淡的7．subjectiveadj.主观的8．interferev．介入；干涉9．exceedv．超过，超出10．hirev．(短期的)租用，租借11．expensen．费用，花费12．abusen．滥用Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．dizzyadj.头晕目眩的→dizzilyadv.眩晕地→dizzinessn．头昏眼花2．enterprisingadj.有创业精神的；有事业心的；有进取心的→enterprisen．企业；事业；进取心3．distributionn．(商品的)分销，经销→distributevt.分销；分发→distributorn．经销商；分销商4．guidancen．指导，引导→guidev．指导；带领n．向导；导游5．consultantn．顾问→consultv．咨询；商量；查阅6．conventionaladj.传统的，常规的→conventionn．习俗；常规；惯例7．discriminatev．不公正地区别对待，歧视→discriminationn．歧视8．financialadj.财政的，金融的；财务的→financen．财政；金融9．accumulatev．积累，积聚→accumulationn．积累10．automaticallyadv.自动地→automaticadj.自动的→automatev．使自动化11．sorrown．令人悲伤的事，不幸→sorrowfuladj.使人伤心的；悲伤的12．frustrationn．懊丧，懊恼，沮丧→frustratevt.使沮丧→frustratedadj.沮丧的→frustratingadj.令人沮丧的1．snatch/snætʃ/vt.强夺；攫取；偷窃2．ample/'æmpl/adj.充足的；丰裕的3．robbery/'rɒbəri/n．抢劫；掠夺4．queue/kjuː/n．(人、汽车等的)队、行列vi.排队(等候)5．scheme/skiːm/n．方案；体系；阴谋vi.&vt.密谋；图谋6．weird/wIəd/adj.古怪的；不寻常的；怪诞的7．debut(alsodébut)/'deIbjuː/n．&vi.(演员、运动员的)首次亮相；初次登台makeone’sdebut首次亮相8．refine/rI'faIn/vt.完善；改进；提炼9．adhere/əd'hIə(r)/vi.黏附；附着adhereto遵循；信守10．trivial/'trIviəl/adj.琐碎的；微不足道的Ⅳ.背核心短语1．makeendsmeet使收支仅能相抵2．interferewith妨碍，阻止3．gointodebt陷入债务之中，负债4．rentout出租(房屋、房间、土地等)5．attheexpenseof以损害……为代价6．asto至于，关于7．aworldawayfrom与……相差甚远；完全不同8．rowuponrow鳞次栉比9．bebittenbythe...bug爱上……；对……迷恋10．responseto对……的反应11．atrock-bottomprices以最低价12．doafurtherfavour再帮个忙Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Thoughshewelcomesthenewentrepreneurialspirit，sheadvisesthatpeopleberealisticandseekguidancefromexpertconsultantsbeforerushingintothings.[advisethatsb(should)do]尽管她希望看到新的创业精神的涌现，但她也建议人们要现实一些，在仓促行事之前先寻求专业顾问的指导。2．Whatreallymattersisasoundbusinessplan，accesstocapital，andgoodmanagementandnegotiatingskills.(whatmattersis...)真正重要的是一个合理的商业计划，获得资金的渠道，以及良好的管理和谈判技巧。3．What’smore，sharingencouragesustoreuseitems，therebycuttingdownonwaste.(doing作结果状语)不仅如此，共享方式鼓励我们将物品再次利用，从而减少浪费。4．Butthesharingeconomyisnotwithoutitsproblems.(双重否定表示肯定)但共享经济并非没有问题。5．Asisoftenthecaseallovertheworldwithnewareasofeconomicactivity，thesharingeconomyisdevelopingfasterthanexistingregulationsorongoingsupervision.(as引导定语从句)正如世界各地新的经济活动领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度过快，而现有法规和持续监管还未跟上。6．Itisexpandingatsucharatethatwecanonlyimaginewhatitwillcompriseinthefuture.(such...that...)它扩张的速度如此之快，以至于我们只能想象它将来会包含什么。Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)1．chairwomann．女主席；女会长2．phasen．阶段，时期3．manufacturern．制造商；制造公司，制造厂4．bonusn．奖金；红利5．entrepreneurialadj.创业的，具有创业精神的6．freshmann．(高中或大学的)一年级学生7．afloatadj.经济上周转得开的；不欠债的8．toddlern．学步的儿童，刚学走路的小孩9．therebyadv.因此，由此10．supervisionn．监督；管理Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)1．potentialn．(事物的)潜力，可能性2．obstaclen．障碍，阻碍，妨碍3．purchasev．购买4．superioradj.质量上乘的，优质的5．blankadj.无表情的，木然的6．interferev．介入；干涉7．exceedv．超过，超出8．hirev．(短期的)租用，租借9．expensen．费用，花费10．abusen．滥用Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题3分，共15分)1．dizzyadj.头晕目眩的→dizzilyadv.眩晕地→dizzinessn．头昏眼花2．discriminatev．不公正地区别对待，歧视→discriminationn．歧视3．frustrationn．懊丧，懊恼，沮丧→frustratevt.使沮丧→frustratedadj.沮丧的→frustratingadj.令人沮丧的4．distributionn．(商品的)分销，经销→distributevt.分销；分发→distributorn．经销商；分销商5．financialadj.财政的，金融的；财务的→financen．财政；金融Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)1．ampleadj.充足的；丰裕的2．queuen．(人、汽车等的)队、行列vi.排队(等候)3．makeone’sdebut首次亮相4．refinevt.完善；改进；提炼5．trivialadj.琐碎的；微不足道的Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)1．asto至于，关于2．responseto对……的反应3．doafurtherfavour再帮个忙4．aworldawayfrom与……相差甚远；完全不同5．rowuponrow鳞次栉比Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题3分，共15分)1．Althoughherlifewasfullofsorrows，peopleseldomsawhersorrowfullooks.(sorrow)2．Igotfirstprizewithmyteacherguidingme.Iwillworkharderinreturnforhispatientguidance.(guide)3．Peoplemustturntoexperiencedconsultantsforhelptoconsultonsomeprofessionalproblems.(consult)4．Eagertobreakawayfromconventions，someteenagershatesolvingproblemswithconventionalmethods.(convention)5．Thepurposeofeducationnotonlyistheaccumulationofknowledge，butalsomeansaccumulatingusefulskills.(accumulate)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)eq\x(makeendsmeet，interferewith，gointodebt，rentout，attheexpenseof)1．Hisbusinesswentintodebtduetoitsweakmanagementlastyear.2．Iplannedtorentoutthespareroomtogetsomeextramoney.3．Inmyopinion，itisnotappropriatetointerferewithothers’privacy.4．Atnotimeshouldwedevelopeconomyattheexpenseoftheenvironment.5．Whenthecouplewerelaidoff，withnostableincome，theycouldhardlymakeendsmeet.Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)1．我们的英语老师建议如果我们想学好英语，就应该多听、多说、多读、多写。(advisethat...)OurEnglishteacheradvisesthatwe(should)domorelistening，speaking，readingandwritingifwewanttolearnEnglishwell.2．失败并不可怕，重要的是你必须勇敢尝试并克服困难。(whatmattersis...)Failureisnotfearfulbutwhatmattersisthatyoumusttrybravelyandgetoverdifficulties.3．没有你的帮助，我不可能实现我的目标。(双重否定)Icouldneverachievemygoalwithoutyourhelp.4．他们所做的一切向他人传播了温暖和爱，增加了世界的美丽。(doing作结果状语)Whattheydidspreadwarmthandlovetoothers，addingtothebeautyoftheworld.5．这是如此激动人心的一次活动，以至于我们都玩得非常愉快。(such...that...)Itwassuchanexcitingactivitythatweallenjoyedourselvesverymuch.Mary，chairwomanofacosmeticsmanufacturer，is1.anenterprisingandentrepreneurialperson.Theotherday，shesuddenlyfeltdizzyduringameeting，felltotheground，andgotabumponherforehead,2.making(make)hercolleaguesgoblank.Sinceherbeinghiredbythecompany，thecompanyhasgrown3.rapidly(rapid)．Underherguidance，thecompanyhasabandonedtheconventionalproductionprocess，adoptedinternationalrationalcutting-edgetechnology，andproducedsuperiorcosmetics,4.whosedistributionisallovertheworld.Moreandmorepeoplehavepurchasedhercosmetics.Thecompany’sfinancialsituationcontinuestoimprove，andworkers’wagesandbonusesarealsorising.Shehasalsoreformedtheemploymentmechanism，refused5.todiscriminate(discriminate)againstothers，put6.competent(competence)peopleintheleadingpositions，and7.won(win)thesupportandloveofthestaff.Duringthemostdifficultphase，sheovercamemany8.obstacles(obstacle)．Everydayshegotupbeforesunriseandsheworkedhard9.attheexpenseofherphysicalhealthandherhealthwasputinpotentialdanger.Thereby，fromthatdayon，shedecidedtocare10.more(much)aboutherself.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇guidancen．引导；指导[guiden．指南；指导的事物；导游，向导vt.给某人领路；指引；指导，影响(某人的行为)；(向某人)解释，阐明]·undertheguidanceofsb＝undersb’sguidance在某人的指导下·guidesbto...领某人去……(to为介词)(1)Heguidedthechairwomantothehalltoattendthegreatwedding.(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)在老师的指导下，我的文章得到了所有评委的认可，我冲到老师办公室表示衷心的感谢。Undertheguidanceofmyteacher/Undermyteacher’sguidance/Guidedbymyteacher/Withmyteacherguidingme，IhadmyarticlerecognisedbyallthejudgesandIrushedtotheteachers’officetooffermyheartfeltgratitude.consultantn．顾问(consultv．咨询；请教；商量；查阅；参看)consultsbabout/onsth向某人咨询/请教某事consultwithsbabout/onsth就某事与某人商量(1)(应用文写作之建议信)为什么不向你的学校顾问咨询你遇到的困难呢？Whynotconsultyourschoolconsultantabout/onthedifficultiesyoucomeacross?(2)你最好不要每次遇到生词就查字典。You’dbetternotconsultadictionaryeverytimeyoucomeacrossanewword.(3)我写信是想和你商量一下我们周末的约会。I’mwritingtoconsultwithyouabout/onourappointmentscheduledfortheweekend.用法点拨(1)consult作“请教；咨询；查阅”解时，多用作及物动词；作“商量”解时，多用作不及物动词，后跟withsb，意为“和某人商量”。(2)关于“查字典”的表达有consultadictionary，refertoadictionary，lookup...inadictionary等。expensen．费用，花费；花销，开支cutdownonone’sexpenses节省开支coverone’sdailyexpenses支付某人的日常开支atone’sexpense由某人付费/负担费用attheexpenseof以损害……为代价(1)Thisprinteryoupurchasedyesterdayisofgoodquality.Ifitshouldbreakdownwithinthefirstyear，wewouldrepairitatourexpense.(2)Ifhedidn’tcutdownonhisexpenses(expense)，hewouldnotmakeendsmeet.(3)(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)即使我的父母以牺牲自己的健康为代价工作，他们也难以负担我们的日常开支。于是，我冲回家去，愿意把我挣的钱交上去。Evenifmyparentsworkedattheexpenseoftheirownhealth，theyhadtroublecoveringourdailyexpenses.Hence，Idashedtomyhome，willingtohandinwhatIhadearned.makeendsmeet使收支仅能相抵cometoanend结束put/bringanendto结束……endupwith...以……结束/告终endupdoingsth最终做了某事endupas...最后成为……(1)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)虽然他们制作爆米花的尝试以失败告终，但他们并没有感到沮丧，相反，他们会想出好主意，这样他们最终会赚到一些额外的钱。Althoughtheirattempttomakepopcornendedupwithfailure，theydidn’tfeeldepressedandinstead，theywouldcomeupwithgoodideassothattheywouldendupearningsomeextramoney.(2)我发现在这样一个大城市很难维持生计，我觉得好像世界末日到了。我几乎想结束我的职业生涯，但是经理的鼓励使我坚持了下来。IfounditdifficulttomakeendsmeetinsuchabigcityandIfeltasiftheworldhadcometoanend.Ialmosthadtheintentionofputting/bringinganendtomycareerbutmymanager’sencouragingwordsenabledmetoinsist.gointodebt陷入债务之中，负债fall/get/runintodebt借债；负债payoffone’sdebts还清债务bein/outofdebt欠/不欠债oweadebtofgratitudetosb欠某人的情(1)I’mheavilyindebtatthemoment，buthopetobeoutofdebtwhenIgetpaid.(2)Ioweadebtofgratitudetomyfather，whohasalwayssupportedme.(3)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)人们开始关注这个卖爆米花的小男孩。每周他都有至少50分的收入带回家，通常比这更多。很快他家还清了所有的欠款。Peoplebegantopayattentiontothelittlepopcornboy，andeveryweekhehadatleastfiftycentstotakehome，andoftenmore.Soon，hisfamilypaidofftheirdebts.as引导定语从句Asisoftenthecaseallovertheworldwithnewareasofeconomicactivity，thesharingeconomyisdevelopingfasterthanexistingregulationsorongoingsupervision.正如世界各地新的经济活动领域经常出现的情况一样，共享经济的发展速度过快，而现有法规和持续监管还未跟上。as引导非限制性定语从句时常见的结构有：asisoftenthecase情况常常如此asisknowntousall/asweallknow众所周知asissaidabove如上所述asoftenhappens这种情况常常发生asyoucansee正如你所看到的ashasbeensaidbefore如前所述(1)(2023·全国甲，书面表达)我们能够从历史中找到一些问题的解决方法，这是常有的事。Asisoftenthecase，wecanprobablyfindsolutionstosomeproblemsfromhistory.(2)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)众所周知，实施切实可行的措施对海洋保护有重大作用。①Asisknowntousall/Asweallknow，performingpracticalmeasuresmakesagreatdifferencetooceanprotection.(as引导的非限制性定语从句)②Whatisknowntousallisthatperformingpracticalmeasuresmakesagreatdifferencetooceanprotection.(what引导的主语从句)③Itisknowntousallthatperformingpracticalmeasuresmakesagreatdifferencetooceanprotection.(it作形式主语)(3)(2022·天津6月，书面表达)正如你在短视频中所看到的，英语口语俱乐部的成员不仅可以担当外国游客的导游，而且他们还可以参加全国英语演讲比赛。Asyoucanseeintheshortvideo，notonlycanmembersoftheSpokenEnglishClubserveastouristguidesforforeigntouristsbuttheycanalsoengageintheNationalEnglishSpeechContest.(4)正如所报道的，越来越多的青少年转向在线学习，在线学习既可以使他们接触最新的知识又可以节省时间。Moreandmoreteenagersturntoonlinelearning，asisreported，whichcansavetimeaswellasenablethemtobeexposedtothelatestknowledge.用法点拨(1)as引导非限制性定语从句时是关系代词，用来指代整个句子的内容，有“正如”之意，常放于主句之前，有时也可放在主句之后或主句之中。(2)which也可以引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代整个句子的内容，但它只能放在主句后，表示前面这句话带来的某种结果。

提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍1．blankA.n.空白处，空格B.adj.无表情的，木然的C.adj.空白的(1)Ifyoucan’tanswerthequestion，leaveablank.A(2)(2022·新课标Ⅱ)Asaresult，thesewritersnevergetinthehabitofcrossingoutchunks(大块)oftheirdraftandwritingrevisionsintheblankspace.C(3)IhadafewblankfacesandblankeyeswhenIwasdeliveringaspeech.B2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思(1)Thekingofthekingdomcan’tacceptevenmildcriticismofhiswork.轻微的(2)Whenherdealisdone，theclientemergeswithherpurchase.购买的东西Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Itmightbehardtomakeends(end)meetifyouspendenormousamountofmoneyoncosmeticsespeciallywhenyoursalaryisnothigh.2．Aswasexpected，thegeniusstoodoutthankstohisintelligence，hardworkandperseverance.3．Thehistorianknowshowtogiveproperguidance(guide)tostudentsinhisteaching，contributingalottotheirimprovement.4．Astohowtostrengthencooperationamongtheemployees，hedidn’tgiveanyexplanation.5．Ihavesomedoubtwhethertheconsultant(consult)cangivemerationalsuggestions.6．Tobehonest，IowedadebtofgratitudetothescholarofmyinstitutebecauseitwasbecauseofhishelpthatImadegreatprogress.7．Accordingtoourpresentperformance，wehavethepotentialtoclimb(climb)tothepeakofthemountain.8．What’syourresponsetothestratagemswetalkedaboutjustnow?9.Priortocominghere，alltheclothesandblanketshadbeendistributed/weredistributed(distribute)totheearthquakevictims.10．Mybestfriendwaschosentointroducetheancientmuraltoforeignersbecauseshewasfarsuperiortoanyothercandidates.假如你是李华，你的美国笔友Lucy对于中国的无现金支付cashlesspayment非常感兴趣，请你回信告知以下内容：1.你在日常生活中使用无现金支付的情况；2.无现金支付带来的好处；3.你的看法。完成句子1．在上封信中，你向我咨询了中国的无现金支付，我愿意告诉你一些相关的事情。(consult)2．如今，约86%的中国人通过移动支付支付日常花销，无论是支付日常账单、长途旅行或短途旅行，还是去杂货店购物。(coverone’sdailyexpenses；whether...or...)3．众所周知，用智能手机支付账单节省了人们的时间。(as引导的定语从句)4．在过去，人们有时最后会得到假现金，但现在他们不必为此担心。(endupdoing)5．在我看来，当你用智能手机或信用卡付款时，你一定要确保你在截止日期内还清你的债务，否则你会陷入困境。(payoffone’sdebts；whendoing)组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。参考范文DearLucy，Inthelastletter，youconsultedmeaboutcashlesspaymentinChinaandIamwillingtoinformyouofsomethingrelevant.Nowadaysabouteighty-sixpercentofChinesepeoplecovertheirdailyexpensesbymobilepayment，whethertheypaydailybills，travellongorshortdistancesorgogroceryshopping.Asisknowntousall，itsavespeople’stimetopaybillswithasmartphone.Inthepastsometimespeopleendedupgettingfakecash，butatpresenttheydon’thavetoworryaboutit.Inmyopinion，whenpayingwithyoursmartphoneorcreditcard，youdomakesurethatyoupayoffyourdebtswithinthedeadline，otherwiseyouwouldbecaughtintrouble.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua教材语料整合亮词[情感描写]blank；dizzy；sorrow；frustration[品质描写]enterprising；entrepreneurial美句Asshespoke，ZhangYueputherhandsbehindherbacktohidethattheywereshaking.Shecouldn’t，however，hidethelineofsweatrunningdownherforehead，whichwascausedpartlybytheheatofthetelevisionstudio，butmorebyfearofthefourpeopleseatedinfrontofher.Theystaredback，theirblankfacesgivingnoclueastowhattheywouldsaynext.Feelingdizzy，ZhangYuetookadeepbreathasshestruggledtofinishherpresentation...(人物描写)拓展语料积累主题语境结尾升华技巧：善举助人善行义举是读后续写中常见的故事类型，故事构造是：第一步，困难描写；第二步，助人过程呈现；第三步，皆大欢喜结局。常见的主题升华如下：Iheldthepaperbagtightly，tearsrollingdownwithoutcontrol.ItislovethatmakestheworldgoroundandIfeltitdeepinmylittleheart.我紧紧地抓着纸袋，眼泪不由自主地滚了下来。是爱使世界转动，我在我小小的心灵深处感受到了爱。Imadeupmymindtopasson“love”toothers.Justasthesayinggoes，“Rosesgiven，fragranceinhand.”我下定决心要把“爱”传递给别人。俗话说：“送人玫瑰，手有余香。”Sometimes，asmallactofkindnessmaybepowerfulenoughtomakeahugedifference.有时候，一个小小的善举可能足以产生巨大的影响。Fromthenon，Imadeupmymindtotrymybesttohelpsomebody.Onlyinthiswaycouldmoreandmorepeoplehelpeachotherinthefuture.从那时起，我就下定决心尽我最大的努力去帮助别人。只有这样，将来才会有越来越多的人互相帮助。语料运用理财①Tomygreatsorrow，Iranoutofmoneyforlackofmoneymanagementskills.②Imurmuredinfrustration，“WhatshouldIdo？”Itwasatthattimethatmyschoolconsultantpattedmeontheshoulder，patientlysaying，“Notonlyshouldyouseekhelpfrommoneymanagementsoftwareorkeepaccountsbyyourselfbutyoualsoshouldtryseasonaldiscountandsticktobasicsinsteadoftrendyfashioninclothing.”SomovedwasIthattearsstreameddownmycheeksuncontrollably.③Fromthenon，Imadeupmymindtotrymybesttohelpsomebodyfacingmoneymanagementproblems.Onlyinthiswaycouldmoreandmorepeoplehelpeachotherinthefuture(主题升华句)．令我非常悲伤的是，由于缺乏理财技巧，我把钱花光了。我沮丧地低声说：“我该怎么办？”就在那个时候，我的学校顾问耐心地拍着我的肩膀说：“你不仅要求助于理财软件或自己记账，而且要尝试季节性折扣，在服装上坚持基本款而不是时髦款。”我太感动了，眼泪无法控制地顺着脸颊流下来。从那时起，我就下定决心尽我最大的努力帮助那些面临理财问题的人。只有这样，将来才会有越来越多的人互相帮助。高考题型组合练40提示：带★的文章和单元主题相关Ⅰ.阅读理解A(★)Thebrownpaperbaghittheground.AMichelinengineerpickeditupandopenedit，revealingacracked，leakingegg.ThethirdgradersatA．J.WhittenbergElementarySchoolweredisappointedwhentheysawtherunnymess.ItwasengineeringweekatA．J.Whittenberg，apublicprimaryschoolinGreenville，SouthCarolina.Oneweekpermonth，engineersfromlocalindustriesvisittheclassroomsandtalktostudentsabouttheircareers.Greenvilleisnowintroducingtheideaofacareerpathtostudentsinprimaryschoolandgivingstudentstheoptiontofollowthoseprogramstomiddleandhighschools.Eachprimaryschoolfocusesonaspecifictechnicalskill.Thedistrictallowsstudentstoattendschoolsoutsideoftheirattendanceboundariesaslongasspaceisavailable，whichmeansstudentscanchoosetocontinuetofollowtheirchosencareerpathwayatamiddleschoolwithcorrespondingprograms.TheeffortinGreenvilleispartofagrowingnationaltrendinwhichschooldistrictspartnerwithlocalindustriestodevelopcurriculum(课程)andexposestudentstospecializedcareersatayoungage.Someeducationexpertsworrythefocusonindustryqualificationshasresultedinschoolstakingonresponsibilitiesthatshouldfalltobusinesses，liketrainingworkersforspecificjobduties，damagingamorecomprehensiveeducationinschools.“Schoolsaretonotjustpreparepeopleforworkandstrengthentheeconomy，butalsoaplacewherestudentsshouldexperienceart，musicandthinkcreatively，”saidJackSchneider，aprofessorofeducationattheUniversityofMassachusetts.AteacherfromGreenville，however，said，“Careerexposurehasabigimpactonkids.We’renotreallywantingthemtomakeadecision—‘I’minthesecondgradeandnowI’mlockedintobeingwhateverwhenIgraduatefromhighschoolin10years.’Wejusthopestudentswalkacrossthegraduationstagewithplansforacareerinmind.”Moderntimesneedmodernsolutions.Whenstudentsleaveschool，theyneedtobealreadydowntheirroadtocollege，ifthat’swhatthey’regoingtodo，orschoolsneedtogivethemsomethingthatallowsthemtogettoworkandearnaliving.Justgettingoutwithahighschooldegreedoesn’tdothat.语篇解读本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了南卡罗来纳州格林维尔推行的职业生涯教育。1．Whywerethethirdgradersdisappointed?A．Theirtestfailed.B．Thebagmissedthetarget.C．Engineersdisturbedthem.D．Theyhadtocleantheground.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第一段“Thebrownpaperbaghittheground...whentheysawtherunnymess.”可推知，三年级学生失望是因为鸡蛋破裂代表他们的实验失败了。故选A。2．WhatdoesGreenvilledotohelpstudentsfollowtheirchosenpath?A．Designmorecareerpaths.B．Inviteengineerstotheirschools.C．Adopttheopenenrollmentpolicy.D．Offermorecoursesforthemtochoose.答案C解析推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thedistrictallowsstudentstoattendschoolsoutside...atamiddleschoolwithcorrespondingprograms.”可知，格林维尔采用开放的招生政策来帮助学生在中学阶段继续走自己选择的道路。故选C。3．WhatisJackSchneiderconcernedabout?A．People’semployment.B．Students’overalldevelopment.C．Thenation’seconomy.D．Theschool’sinnovativeeducation.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第五段中“‘Schoolsaretonotjustpreparepeopleforworkandstrengthentheeconomy，butalsoaplacewherestudentsshouldexperienceart，musicandthinkcreatively，’saidJackSchneider，aprofessorofeducationattheUniversityofMassachusetts.”可知，JackSchneider关心学生们的全面发展。故选B。4．Whichstatementwouldtheauthormostlikelyagreewith?A．Modernsolutionsarehardtofind.B．Morestudentsneedcollegeeducation.C．Greenville’spracticeisnotacceptable.D．Ahighschooldegreeisnotenoughforjobs.答案D解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Whenstudentsleaveschool，theyneed...Justgettingoutwithahighschooldegreedoesn’tdothat.”可知，作者认为高中学历并不足以让学生们工作和谋生。故选D。B(★)Bornin1940inNyeri，Kenya，WangariMaathaispentherchildhoodintheKenyancountrysideandheryoungadultlifeintheUnitedStates.ShestudiedbiologyatMountSt.ScholasticaCollegeinKansas，andthenobtainedamaster’sdegreefromtheUniversityofPittsburgh.AfterreturningtoKenyaandpursuingherPhDattheUniversityofNairobi，WangaribecamethefirstwomaninEastAfricatoreceiveadoctor’sdegree.Inthe1970s，WangariwasanactivememberoftheNationalCouncilofWomenofKenya.Womencametothecouncilinparttosearchforsolutionstotheenvironmentalproblems—deforestationanddesertificationhadcausedmanyoftheresourceswomenreliedonforfoodandcleanwatertodecrease.Fuelledbyherknowledgeofbiologyandherpassionforhelpingothers，Wangaridecidedtotakeaction.Wangarihadtwogoalsinmind：tohelprestoreenvironmentalresourcesandgivewomentheabilitytosupporttheirfamiliesinaself-sufficient，sustainableway.Toachievehergoals，shecameupwithapracticalbutimpactfulidea：toplanttrees.Thetreeswouldreducetheeffectsofdeforestation，inadditiontoprovidingfoodandfirewoodforlocalfamilies.Wangari’splaninspiredtheformationoftheGreenBeltMovementin1977，anorganisationdedicatedtoenvironmentalconservationandpovertyreductioninKenya.AstheGreenBeltMovementgrew，Wangaribegantofocusonseveraldifferentbutinterconnectedcauses：environmentalconservationandhumanrights.Inthelate1980s，shecalledonhercommunitytoopposetheconstructionofaskyscraper(摩天大楼)inUhuruPark，Nairobi’scentralpublicspace.In1999，sheledaprotestagainsttheprivatisationofKaruraForestinNairobi，duringwhichGreenBeltMovementmemberswerebeatenbyprivateguards.Despitefacingongoingoppositionandevendanger，Wangari’sbeliefinherworkwasnevershaken.Wangariservedontheboardsofcountlessenvironmentalorganisations，andspoketomembersoftheUnitedNations.Duetohertirelesswork，WangarireceivedtheNobelPeacePrizein2004.语篇解读本文是一篇人物传记。文章讲述了肯尼亚的社会活动家、“绿带运动”的发起人旺加里·马塔伊的人生经历。5．WhatdoweknowaboutWangariMaathai?A．ShehadahardchildhoodinKenya.B．Sheacquiredanexcellenteducation.C．Shewasthefirstwomantogetadegree.D．ShecamebacktoKenyaduetoherjob.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句可知，旺加里·马塔伊有着良好的教育背景。故选B。6．WhatcontributedtothefoundationoftheGreenBeltMovement?A．Wangari’sfamily’ssupport.B．Wangari’sachievementsinbiology.C．Wangari’stree-plantingidea.D．Wangari’sdesiretofightworldpoverty.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Toachievehergoals，shecameupwithapracticalbutimpactfulidea：toplanttrees.”和“Wangari’splaninspiredtheformationoftheGreenBeltMovementin1977”可知，是旺加里种树的想法促成了“绿带运动”的创立。故选C。7．Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A．Wangari’seffortstoexpandherinfluence.B．Wangari’swaystofightforhumanrights.C．Wangari’sstrategiestoestablishareputation.D．Wangari’splanstohandlegrowingopposition.答案A解析段落大意题。根据第四段首句“AstheGreenBellMovementgrew，Wongaribegantofocusonseveraldifferentbutinterconnectedcauses：environmentalconservationandhumanrights.”并综合全段信息可知，第四段主要是讲旺加里为了扩大自己的影响力而做出的努力。故选A。8．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWangariMaathai?A．Honestandhard-working.B．Patientandunselfish.C．Considerateandgenerous.D．Determinedandinspiring.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despitefacingongoingoppositionandevendanger，Wangari’sbeliefinherworkwasnevershaken.”可知，旺加里是个意志坚定的人；综合她的各种人生经历可知，她还是个鼓舞人心的人。故选D。Ⅱ.完形填空JimQuickgrewuponafarminOrchardHill，Georgia.Therehelearnedhow1beesaretothefoodweeat.Whenhewas11，hisgrandfatheraskedhimtostartabeehivetokeepthe2growingstrong.“Forty-twoyearslater，andI’mstill3，”Quicksaidinarecentinterview.Beforehisretirement，themasterbeekeepertaughtentomology(thestudyofinsects)attheUniversityofGeorgiainAthens.Quickisstilllearningaboutbeesonthefarmwherehegrewup.Butheisworried：Thebee4isindanger.Nearly40%ofbeehivesintheUnitedStateswere5in2021alone.This6Quickandotherscientistsbecausebeesareessentialtofood7.Theypollinate(授粉)floweringcropsandplants,8theproductionofseedsandfruits.Thedecliningbeepopulationcanbe9byseveralfactors，includingparasites(寄生物)thatkillorweakenthehives.Habitatloss,10，andclimatechangearealsotoblame.Pesticidesgetintothenectar(花蜜)ofplants，whichisessentialtoabee’s11.Poisonoussubstancesinthenectarharmthebees’memory.Scientistsaresearchingfor12tohelpthebeepopulation.ButQuickalreadyhasa(n)13.“Setupabeehiveatschool，”hesaid，“andlearnmoreaboutpollinators.”Kidsaren’ttooyoungto14.Afterall，justattheageof11Quick15hisfirstbeehive.“Wecouldgrowmorebees，”hesaid，“ifwehadmorepeopletodoit.”语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了蜜蜂对我们的食物至关重要，但是蜜蜂种群正处于危险之中，Quick和其他科学家正在寻找帮助蜜蜂繁殖的办法。1．A.vital B．friendlyC．addicted D．sensitive答案A解析由下文“becausebeesareessentialtofood”可知，蜜蜂对我们的食物至关重要。故选A。2．A.bees B．bushesC．crops D．roots答案C解析由上文“Therehelearnedhowbeesaretothefoodweeat.”和下文“becausebeesareessentialtofood”可知，蜜蜂对我们的食物至关重要，由此可推断出，建一个蜂箱是用来维持庄稼的生长。故选C。3．A.trying B．workingC．learning D．teaching答案C解析由下文“Quickisstilllearningaboutbeesonthefarmwherehegrewup.”可知，Quick仍然在了解。故选C。4．A.growth B．migrationC．diversity D．population答案D解析由下文“Thedecliningbeepopulation”可知，蜜蜂数量正处于危险之中。故选D。5．A.lost B．movedC．collected D．discovered答案A解析由上文“Thebeeisindanger.”可知，蜜蜂数量正处于危险之中，由此可知，此处指仅在2021年美国就有近40%的蜂箱不复存在了。故选A。6．A.disappoints B．concernsC．shocks D．challenges答案B解析由上文“Nearly40%ofbeehivesintheUnitedStateswerein2021alone.”可知，仅在2021年，美国就有近40%的蜂箱不复存在了，这使Quick和其他科学家很担忧。故选B。7．A.safety B．storageC．flavor D．production答案D解析由下文“Theypollinate(授粉)floweringcropsandplants,theproductionofseedsandfruits.”可知，蜜蜂对食物生产至关重要。故选D。8．A.relyingon B．resultinginC．speedingup D．controllingover答案B解析由上文“Theypollinate(授粉)floweringcropsandplants”和下文“theproductionofseedsandfruits”可知，蜜蜂为开花的作物和植物授粉，从而产生种子和果实。故选B。9．A.caused B．identifiedC．worsened D．limited答案A解析由下文“byseveralfactors”可知，蜜蜂数量的减少可能由几个因素造成。故选A。10．A.enemies B．disastersC．diseases D．chemicals答案D解析由下文“Pesticides”可知，化学物质也是导致蜜蜂数量减少的原因