2024-2025学年新教材高中英语单元素能自测5Unit5Revealingnature含解析外研版选择性必修第一册

单元素能自测Ⅰ.完形填空WhenIwasabout12,Ihadanenemy,agirlwholikedtopointoutmyshortcomings.Weekbyweekherlist__1__.Ibecameangryandtoldmyfather.Helistenedtome__2__，andthenheasked,“Arethethingsshesaystrueornot？Didn'tyoueverwonder__3__you'rereallylike？Now,youhavethatgirl's__4__.Goand__5__alistofeverythingshesaidandmarkthe__6__points.”Idid__7__hetoldme.Tomygreat__8__，Idiscoveredthatabouthalfthethingsweretrue.ForthefirsttimeIgotafairly__9__pictureofmyself.IbroughtthelistbacktoDaddy.He__10__totakeitandsaid,“That'sjustforyou.Youknow__11__thananyoneelsethetruthaboutyourself.Butyouhavetolearnto__12__，notjustcloseyourearsinanger,feeling__13__.Whensomethingsaidaboutyouistrue,you'llfinditofhelptoyou.Ourworldisfullofpeoplewhothinktheyknowyouraffairs.Don'tshutyour__14__.Hearthetruthanddowhatyouknowistherightthingtodo.”Daddy'sadvicehasalways__15__tomeatmanyimportantmoments.Inmylife,I'veneverhadabetterpieceofadvice.本文介绍了在作者约十二岁那年，有一个女孩总是指出她的缺点，作者很生气，跑去向父亲诉苦，父亲告知作者要正确地相识自己，不要闭目塞听，别人说的假如是正确的，那么就要勇于改正。1．A.collected B．addedC．grew D．continued答案：C解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.collected收集；B.added增加；C.grew增长；D.continued接着。一周一周地，她列的单子内容增加了。add指“把……增加到……”，不合题意。故选C。2．A.coldlyB．quietlyC．eagerlyD．happily答案：B解析：考查副词及语境理解。A.coldly冷冷地；B.quietly宁静地；C.eagerly渴望地；D.happily欢乐地。爸爸宁静地听我说。故选B。3．A.whoB．howC．whatD．that答案：C解析：考查连接词及语境理解。A.who谁；B.how如何；C.what什么；D.that无意义。What...belike？像……样子？莫非你不想知道你是什么样子的吗？故选C。4．A.excuseB．opinionC．talkD．advice答案：B解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.excuse借口；B.opinion观点；C.talk谈论；D.advice建议。现在你有了这个女孩的观点。故选B。5．A.takeB．makeC．createD．receive答案：B解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.take拿；B.make制作；C.create创建；D.receive接受。makealistof列出。故选B。6．A.wrongB．correctC．bigD．true答案：D解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.wrong错的；B.correct正确的；C.big大的；D.true真实的。标出真实的几点。下文的Idiscoveredthatabouthalfthethingsweretrue.也有示意，故选D。7．A.asB．soC．beforeD．till答案：A解析：考查连词及语境理解。A.as正如，依据；B.so因此；C.before在……前面；D.till直到。我依据他说的去做。故选A。8．A.joyB．pleasureC．surpriseD．anger答案：C解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.joy欢乐；B.pleasure开心；C.surprise惊异；D.anger生气。使我惊异的是，她说的大约一半都是真的。故选C。9．A.wonderfulB．clearC．interestingD．beautiful答案：B解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.wonderful精彩的；B.clear清晰的；C.interesting好玩的；D.beautiful漂亮的。我第一次望见自己的清晰的样子。故选B。10．A.promisedB．refusedC．expectedD．agreed答案：B解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.promised许诺；B.refused拒绝；C.expected期望；D.agreed同意。从后面的句子“That'sjustforyou.”可知爸爸拒绝接受它。故选B。11．A.widerB．higherC．betterD．lower答案：C解析：考查副词比较级及语境理解。A.wider更宽地；B.higher更高地；C.better更好地；D.lower更低地。你比任何人都更了解自己。故选C。12．A.listenB．standC．speakD．share答案：A解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.listen听；B.stand站立；C.speak说话；D.share共享。你得学会听。故选A。13．A.hurtB．sadC．shyD．excited答案：A解析：考查形容词及语境理解。A.hurt受伤的；B.sad难受的；C.shy羞涩的；D.excited兴奋的。从前面的句子notjustcloseyourearsinanger可知是感觉受了损害。故选A。14．A.wordsB．mouthsC．eyesD．ears答案：D解析：考查名词及语境理解。A.words单词；B.mouths嘴；C.eyes眼睛；D.ears耳朵。从后面的句子Hearthetruth可知此处指的是不要捂住耳朵。故选D。15．A.returnedB．goneC．appearedD．happened答案：A解析：考查动词及语境理解。A.returned归还，回来；B.gone走；C.appeared出现；D.happened发生。在一些重要的时刻，我总是会想起爸爸的建议。故选A。Ⅱ.阅读理解Oneday,gardenersmightnotjusthearthebuzzofbeesamongtheirflowers,butthewhirrofrobots,too.Scientistshavemanagedtoturnanunassumingdrone(无人机)intoaremote­controlledpollinator(授粉媒介)byattachinghorsehairscoatedwithaspecial,stickygeltoitsunderbelly.Animalpollinatorsareneededforthereproductionof90%offloweringplantsandonethirdofhumanfoodcrops.Chiefamongthosearebees—butmanybeepopulationsintheUnitedStateshavebeeninsteepdeclineinrecentdecades.Thus,thedeclineofbeesisn'tjustworrisomebecauseitcoulddisruptecosystems,butalsobecauseitcoulddisruptagricultureandeconomy.Peoplehavebeentryingtocomeupwithreplacementtechniques,butnoneofthemareespeciallyeffectiveyet.Scientistshavethoughtaboutusingdrones,buttheyhaven'tfiguredouthowtomakefree­flyingrobotinsectsthatcanrelyontheirownpowersourcewithoutbeingattachedtoawire.“It'sverytoughwork，”saidseniorauthorEijiroMiyako,achemistattheNationalInstituteofAdvancedIndustrialScienceandTechnology.Hisparticularcontributiontothefieldinvolvesagel,onehe'dconsideredamistake10yearsbeforeandstuckinastoragecabinet.Whenitwasrediscoveredadecadelater,ithadn'tdriedupordegradedatall.“Iwassosurprisedbecauseitstillhadhighviscosity，”Miyakosaid.Thechemistnoticedthatwhendropped,thegelabsorbedanimpressiveamountofdustfromthefloor.Miyakorealizedthismaterialcouldbeveryusefulforpickinguppollen(花粉).Heandhiscolleagueschoseadroneandattachedhorsehairstoitssmoothsurfacetomimicabee'sfuzzybody.Theycoatedthosehorsehairsinthegel,andthencontrolledthedronesoverlilies,wheretheywouldpickupthepollenfromoneflowerandthendepositthepollenatanotherone,thusfertilizingit.Thescientistslookedatthehairsunderascanningelectronmicroscopeandcountedupthepollengrainsattachedtothesurfaceandfoundthatthedroneswhosehorsehairshadbeencoatedwiththegelhadabout10timesmorepollenthanthosethathadnotbeencoatedwiththegel.Miyakodoesnotthinksuchdroneswouldreplacebeesaltogether,butcouldsimplyhelpbeeswiththeirpollinatingduties.There'salotofworktobedonebeforethat'sareality,however.Smalldroneswillneedtobecomemorecontrollableandenergyefficient,aswellassmarter,withbetterGPSandartificialintelligence.这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明白蜜蜂数量的削减令人担忧，因为这可能破坏生态系统，也可能破坏农业和经济。人们始终在试图想出替代技术，科学家们通过在无人机的下腹部贴上包有一层特别的黏性凝胶的马毛，胜利地将一种无人机变成了一种遥控传粉器。1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“viscosity”inPara.3probablymean?A．Hardness. B．Stickiness.C．Flexibility. D．Purity.答案：B解析：词义揣测题。依据第三段中“Whenitwasrediscoveredadecadelater,ithadn'tdriedupordegradedatall.”可知，十年后被重新发觉时，凝胶根本没有干枯或降解。因此Miyako惊异的是它仍旧具有很高的黏性。结合选项，故选B。2．Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A．beesdisruptbothagricultureandeconomyB．scientistshaveinventedself­poweredrobotinsectsC．beesintheUnitedStatesareontheedgeofextinctionD．Miyakofoundthespecialfeatureofthegelbychance答案：D解析：细微环节理解题。依据第三段中“Hisparticularcontributiontothefieldinvolvesagel,onehe'dconsideredamistake10yearsbeforeandstuckinastoragecabinet.Whenitwasrediscoveredadecadelater,ithadn'tdriedupordegradedatall.”可知，Miyako是偶然间发觉凝胶这种特别特性的。故选D。3．Adroneworksbestinpickinguppollenwhen________.A．itsbodyismadelikeabee'sB．itsGPSworksmoreefficientlyC．someflowersarecoatedwiththegelD．horsehairswiththegelareattachedtoit答案：D解析：细微环节理解题。依据倒数其次段中“foundthatthedroneswhosehorsehairshadbeencoatedwiththegelhadabout10timesmorepollenthanthosethathadnotbeencoatedwiththegel.”可知，科学家们在扫描电子显微镜下视察了这些毛发，并对附着在表面的花粉粒进行了计数，发觉带有涂着凝胶的马毛的无人机的花粉量是不带凝胶的无人机的10倍。结合选项，故选D。4．AccordingtoEijiroMiyako,thedrones________.A．arenotyetreadyforpracticaluseB．mayeventuallyreplacebeesinthefutureC．aremuchmoreefficientthanbeepollinatorsD．canprovideasolutiontoeconomicdepression答案：A解析：推理推断题。依据文章最终一段中“There'salotofworktobedonebeforethat'sareality”可知，在投入运用之前，还有许多工作须要做。故可知，这种无人机还未投入运用。结合选项，故选A。Ⅲ.读后续写阅读下面材料，依据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Ayoungmanhadboughtanoldhousethatwasinbadshape,butheandhiswifebelievedtheycouldrestoreit.Theyimmediatelywenttowork.TheirgoalwastohavetheoldbuildinglookbestfortheChristmasEveget­together.JusttwodaysbeforeChristmas,however,astormsweptthroughthearea,leavingaholeinthewallofthehouse.TherewasobviouslynotimetorepairthedamagebeforeChristmas.Thesadcoupleattendedlocalauction(拍卖)thatafternoon.Oneoftheitemsputupforbids(竞标)wasanoldgold­and­ivory­coloredtablecloth.Seizedbyaninspiration,theyoungmanwasthehighestbidderat$6.50.Hisideawastohangtheclothtocovertheraggedhole.OnthedaybeforeChristmas,itwassnowy.Astheyoungmanunlockedthehousedoor,henoticedanoldwomanstandingatthebusstop.Heknewthebuswouldn’tbetherewithinatleasthalfanhour,soheinvitedherinsidetokeepwarm.Whenthewomanwalkedinandsawthetablecloth,sherushedatitandsaidexcitedly,“It’smine.Itismytablecloth.”Shetoldthesurprisedmanitshistoryandevenshowedhimhernameinonecornerofthetablecloth.SheandherhusbandhadoncelivedinVienna,WhentheChristmasEvecame,themaninvitedhisfriendstocometohishousetoenjoythedinnertogether.InthecandlelightoftheChristmasEve,thetableclothlookedevenmorebeautiful.Astheman’sfriendsleftthehouse,they