福建省福州市八县市一中2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中联考试题含解析

PAGEPAGE32福建省福州市八县（市）一中2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中联考试题（含解析）时间：120分钟满分：150分第一部分：听力（共两节；每小题1.5分，满分30分）第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatwillthewomandothisFriday?A.Gotoaconcert.B.Visittheman’ssister.C.Lookaftersomekids.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:WouldyouliketogototheconcertthisFriday?Mysistergavemetwoticketsforfree.W:Thankyou,butIpromisedmyfriendthatI’dlookafterherkids.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Accordingtothewoman,whoshouldpaintthehouse?A.Larry. B.Theman. C.Brandon.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ican’tmakeupmymindwhethertoaskLarryorBrandontopaintmyhouse.W:Whatdifferencedoesitmake?Neitherofthemareexcellentpainters.Justdoityourself.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanwanttobe?A.Acomputerprogrammer.B.Anewspapereditor.C.Asalesmanager.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Excuseme,madam.I’minterestedinthesalesmanagerpositionyouadvertisedinyesterday’snewspaper.I’mbadlyinneedofemployment.W:Sorry,sir.Thepositionhasbeenfilled.Weneedacomputerprogrammernow.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemandonext?A.Seeamovie.B.Doanexperiment.C.Havesomephysicalexercise.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whatareyoudoinghere,Jim?Youshouldbeinchemistryclass,shouldn’tyou?M:Ichangedmyschedule.Ineedtorelaxforbothmybodyandmymind.Moviesareagoodchangeofpacefromalltheboringexperiments.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aphoto. B.Apetstore. C.Adog.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Honey,howisourbabydoing?W:Igota“babysitter”tokeephimcompany.Sheoffersperfectservice.Hereisalovelyphotoofthetwoofthem.M:Youmeanapetdog?!其次节：听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Co-workers.B.Salesmanandcustomer.C.Employerandemployee.7.Whodoesthemanthinkwillgetahighersalary?A.Thosewhohavealotofexperience.B.Thosewhocanwork30hoursaweek.C.Thosewhocanspeakasecondlanguage.【答案】6.A7.A【解析】【原文】W:WhatcanIdoforyou,David?M:It’saboutthenewpeopleweneedattheoffice.I’mwonderingwhatkindofpeoplewereallywanttoemploy.W:Well,theyshouldbeabletowork30hoursaweek,includingsomeSaturdays.Andwedon’twantpeoplewhohaveneverworkedbefore.M:OK.Anditmightalsobehelpfuliftheycouldspeakasecondlanguage.W:Thatmightpreventtoomanypeoplefromapplying.Whataboutthepay,David?M:Ithinkitdependsonexperience.However,thelowestwecouldofferis$29,000peryear.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8Whatdidthemanthinkofthecaratfirst?A.Ithadabrokenengine.B.Itwasugly.C.Itwasexpensive.9.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthecar?A.$3500. B.$3200. C.$3000.【答案】8.C9.B【解析】【原文】W:Howdoyoulikeit?Isn’titanicecar?M:Yes,Idolikethecar.It’salittleoldbutnotugly.W:Let’sseewhatwecando,then.It’sonly$3500.M:I’llbuyitifyoucantakeatleast$500offtheaskingprice.W:Idon’tthinkIcandothat.M:Thenhowmuchwillyoubeabletotakeoff?W:ThebestIcandoisgiveyou$300offtheprice.Ifthat’sOK,we’llchecktheengineagainandmakesureeverythingisallrightbeforethecarleaves.M:DoyouthinkIcanhavethecartoday?W:Assoonasyousignthispaper,thecarisyours.M:OK,I’lltakeit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatitemsareonsale?A.Fruit. B.Chips. C.Bread.11.Wherecanthewomanfindthemilkandcheese?A.Atthebackofthestore.B.Ontheleftsideofthestore.C.Ontherightsideofthestore.12.Whatkindofapplesdoesthewomanwant?A.Goldenapples. B.Greenapples. C.Redapples.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【解析】【原文】M:Hello,welcometoSmith’sGrocery.W:Hi,Iwaswonderingaboutyourcurrentspecials.M:We’rehavingasaleonmilkandchips.WealsohaveaspecialonCampbell’ssoupproducts.W:Thankyoufortheinformation.Canyouhelpmefindafewitems?M:Certainly.Whatareyoulookingfor?W:Ineedeggs,milk,cheese,bread,andapples.M:ThemilkandcheesewillbeintheSection1,whichisatthebackofthestore.Andyoucanfindbreadandeggsontheleftsideofthestore.W:Okay.Whataboutthelastitem?M:FruitwillbeintheSection3,whichisontherightsideofthestore.Youcan’tmissit.Wehavered,green,andgoldendeliciousapples.W:Thankyou.Ijustneedsomeredapples.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onthewaytowork.B.Afterthestartoftheworkday.C.Attheendofaday.14.Howdoesthemanlooktothewoman?A.Scared. B.Strange. C.Upset.15.Whatdidthemandoonthebus?A.Hetalkedtothreemen.B.Helookedoutthewindow.C.Hesawapassengergettingrobbed.16.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Makeaphonecall.B.Gotothepolicestation.C.Forgetaboutwhathappened.【答案】13.B14.C15.B16.A【解析】【原文】W:Goodmorning,Brian.AreyouOK?Youlookalittlebitupset.M:Yeah,Isawthestrangestthingonthebusridetoworktoday.W:Whathappened?M:Well,asthebuswasgoingalongthehighway,Iwaslookingoutthewindow.AndIsawthreemeninoneoftheyardsnexttotheroadrobbingahouse.W:What?Areyousure?M:Yes,verysure.Itlookedliketheyweretakingalotofthings.W:Whatdidyoudoaboutit?Didyoucallthepolice?M:No.WhatwouldItellthem?Icouldn’tjustsaythatsomeonewasgettingrobbedsomewherenearthehighway.W:Whynot?M:I’mnotexactlysurewhereitwas.Andbesides,thoseguysareprobablyprettyscary.IthinkIshouldjustforgetaboutthewholething.W:Well,letmeaskyouaquestion.Ifyouweregettingrobbed,wouldyouwantsomeonetocallthepolicetocomehelpyou?M:Yeah,you’reright.Iwould.IguessI’lltrycallingandseeifthereisanythingtheycando.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.WhendoesthefirstseasonofTheVillagetakeplace?A.Inthe1940s.B.Inthe1920s.C.Betweentheyears1914and1920.18.Whatdidpeoplethinkoftheshow’sfirstseason?A.Itwastoodepressing.B.Ithadahappyattitude.C.Itwasnotwellacted.19.Howmanypeoplewatchedthelastshowofthefirstseason?A.8.17million. B.5.48million. C.4.27million.20.Wherewasthesecondseasonmainlyfilmed?A.InDerbyshire.B.InLymePark.C.InasmallvillageofEngland.【答案】17.C18.A19.B20.B【解析】【原文】TheVillageisahistoricaldramaseriesontheBBCandiswrittenbyPeterMoffat.Thefirstseason,filmedin2012,takesplacebetweentheyears1914and1920.Thesecondseason,filmedin2014,takesplaceinthe1920s.AfutureseriesissettotakeplaceduringWorldWarIIinthe1940s.TheshowtellsthelifestoryofBertMiddleton,amanwhowasborntoaworking-classfamilyandraisedonafarminthesmallvillageofDerbyshire.Thefirstseasonwasnotverypopular.Peoplesaidthatalthoughtheshowwaswellacted,thesubjectmatterandcountrysideweretoodepressing.ThiswasdueinparttotheextremewinterweatherexperiencedinPeakDistrictNationalParkinEngland,wheretheshowwasfilmed.Whiletheveryfirstshowofseasononewaswatchedby8.17millionpeople,theverylastshowofseasononewasonlywatchedby5.48million.Thesecondseasontakesplaceinthespring,whichofferedviewersasunnierandhappierattitude,althoughthefinalshowonlyhad4.27millionviewers.ThesecondseasonwasmainlyfilmedinLymePark,England,whichincludesalargehousesurroundedbygardens.其次部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节：(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIntheUKyouwillseepeoplewearingallkindsofclothing.Schoolchildrenusuallywearauniformuntiltheageof16.Forolderstudents,UKschools,collegesanduniversitiesaretypicallyinformalenvironmentswhereyoucanchoosewhattowear.Forclasses,studentstendtowearcasualclothes.Somecoursesrequireyoutowearspecialclothingforhealthandsafety.Forexample,ifyouareinasciencelaboratory,youmayneedtowearprotectiveglassesandawhitelabcoat.Checkwithyourcourseproviderwhatyouneedandifyouneedtobuythemyourself.Forpartiesandnightsout,peopledressinmanydifferentstyles.Ifit'samoreformaleveningevent,suchasauniversityball,thismightmeanwearingadressorsuitandtie.Youcanavoidtheexpenseofbuyingformalwearbyrentingitfromalocalshop.TheweatherintheUKisrarelyextreme,butitcanchangequickly.Injustoneday,youmighthavewarmsunshine,rainandcoldwind.Wearseverallayerssoyoucanputthemonortakethemoffastheweatherchanges,andalwayscarryanumbrella.TheUKisamulticulturalplaceanditiscommonforpeopletowearclothingassociatedwiththeircultureandreligion,forexample,aheadscarf,kippah,turban,sariorlongskirt.Inmajortownsandcities,youwillfindspecialshopssellingclothingfromaroundtheworld,particularlyAsianandMiddleEasternclothing.MostUKtownsandcitieshavealargerangeofshopssellingclothestosuitallstylesandbudgets.Aswellashigh-streetshops,thereareplentyofsecond-handandoldshops.Theseareperfectforbargain-huntingandareoftenfoundinstudentareas.21.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestyoudoifyouwanttojoininauniversityball?A.Buyamoderndress.B.Haveanexpensivetieon.C.Avoidrefusingothers'invitation.D.Wearclothesrentedfromtheshop.22.WhydoyouneedtowearseverallayersinUK?A.Itisextremelycool.B.Weatherchangesalot.C.Itisveryhotintheday.D.Itishardtoputonclothesoutside.23.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhattoWearasaUKStudents?B.HowtoBuyClothesintheUK?C.AllKindsofClothesintheUK.D.MulticulturalCountryintheWorld.【答案】21.D22.B23.A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国学生在不同场合的穿着习惯。【21题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第三段“Ifit'samoreformaleveningevent,suchasauniversityball,thismightmeanwearingadressorsuitandtie.Youcanavoidtheexpenseofbuyingformalwearbyrentingitfromalocalshop.”（假如是比较正式的晚会，比如高校舞会，这可能意味着穿礼服或西装打领带。你可以从当地商店租一套正式服装，以避开购买正式服装的费用。）可知，作者建议，假如你想参与高校舞会，就穿从商店租来的衣服。故选D。【22题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第四段“Wearseverallayerssoyoucanputthemonortakethemoffastheweatherchanges,andalwayscarryanumbrella.”（多穿几层衣服，这样天气变更时你就可以穿上或脱下来，还要常常带把伞。）可知，多穿几层衣服是因为天气变更很大。故选B。【23题详解】主旨大意题。依据文章第一段“IntheUKyouwillseepeoplewearingallkindsofclothing.Schoolchildrenusuallywearauniformuntiltheageof16.Forolderstudents,UKschools,collegesanduniversitiesaretypicallyinformalenvironmentswhereyoucanchoosewhattowear.”（在英国，你会看到人们穿着各种各样的衣服。学生通常穿校服直到16岁。对于年龄较大的学生来说，英国的学校、学院和高校通常都是非正式的环境，在那里你可以选择穿什么。）可知，文章主要介绍了英国学生的穿着问题。故选A。BSincetheearliestdaysoftheUnitedStates,Americanshavebeguntheirdaybyeatingwhateverismosteasilyavailable.Thesefoodsoftenincludebread,eggsorleftovers—foodleftoverfromthenightbefore.Today,easeisstillanimportantfactorwhenitcomestobreakfast.However,whatpeopleeathaschangedovertime.Someoftoday’scommonbreakfastfoods,suchascereals(谷类食物),arepopularbecauseofveryeffectivemarketing.“Advertisingwaspracticallyinventedtosellcereals.Oneofthefirstwaysadvertisingwassuccessfullyoreffectivelyusedwastoconvincemothersthatitwasokayfortheirchildrentoeatinstantcereals.Theyofferedworkingmothersachancetoletkidstakecareofthemselvesinthemorning,”saysHeatherArndtAnderson.SheisthewriterofthebookBreakfast:AHistory.Advertisingalsoplayedanimportantpartinorangejuicebecomingamorningdrink.In1916,farmersgrewmoreorangesthanusual,soadvertisersbegansaying,“Drinkanorange.”Theyaimedtopersuadepeoplethatdrinkingorangejuicewasahealthywaytostarttheday.Pancakeshavealsobeenaroundforaverylongtime.Researchersbelievetheworld’soldestnaturallypreservedhumanmummy(木乃伊)ateapancake-likefoodasoneofhislastmeals.Researchersthinkpancakesmayhavebeenmadeinthemorningbecausetheyaremuchquickertopreparethanbread.Cookscouldthenhavetimetomakefreshbreadfordinner.Americansstilleatsomeofthesamebreakfastfoods—likebreadandeggs—thattheirancestorsdid.WriterHeatherArndtAndersonnotesthatpeople’sconcernsabouthealthyfoodchoiceshavealsostayedthesame.ShehopesmoreAmericanswillseeleftoversasbreakfastfoods.Afterall,theytastegoodandareagreatwaytoreducewaste.24.Whatistheadvantageoftheinstantcereal?A.Itmakeskidshealthier. B.Itsavesmothers’time.C.Itsatisfieseverybody’staste. D.Itcostslessthanotherfoods.25.Whatwastheadvertisers’finalpurposeofsaying“Drinkanorange”?A.Tomarkettheorangejuice.B.Torecommendapopularlifestyle.C.Topromoteorangesasahealthybreakfastitem.D.Toencouragefarmersinplantingmoreoranges.26.Whydoestheauthormentionamummyinparagraph4?A.Toexplaintheoriginofpancakes.B.Topresentthebenefitofpancakes.C.Toprovethelonghistoryofpancakes.D.Toshowthewidespreadingofpancakes.27.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.TheHistoryoftheAmericans’Diet.B.TheEffectsofAdvertisingFoods.C.TheImportanceofHavingHealthyMeals.D.TheDevelopmentoftheAmericans’Breakfast.【答案】24.B25.A26.C27.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。从美国早期起先，美国人早餐就以吃最便捷的食物起先他们的一天。这些食物通常包括速溶麦片、薄煎饼或前一晚剩下的食物。【24题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第一段内容“SincetheearliestdaysoftheUnitedStates,Americanshavebeguntheirdaybyeatingwhateverismosteasilyavailable.”（从美国早期起先，美国人就以最简单得到的食物起先他们的一天）和“However,whatpeopleeathaschangedovertime.”（今日，轻松仍旧是早餐的一个重要因素。）可知，人们选择早餐食品的一个重要因素是便利获得；再结合文章其次段“Oneofthefirstwaysadvertisingwassuccessfullyoreffectivelyusedwastoconvincemothersthatitwasokayfortheirchildrentoeatinstantcereals.Theyofferedworkingmothersachancetoletkidstakecareofthemselvesinthemorning,”saysHeatherArndtAnderson.”（广告胜利或有效运用的最初方法之一，就是劝服母亲们，让她们的孩子吃速溶麦片是可以的。他们为工作的母亲们供应了一个让孩子们在早上照看自己的机会。”海瑟·阿恩特·安德森说。）可知，速溶麦片的好处是可以节约妈妈的时间。故选B。【25题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第三段“Advertisingalsoplayedanimportantpartinorangejuicebecomingamorningdrink.”（在橙汁成为早餐饮品的过程中，广告也起到了重要作用。）和“Theyaimedtopersuadepeoplethatdrinkingorangejuicewasahealthywaytostarttheday.”（他们的目的是劝服人们喝橙汁是健康的起先一天生活的方式。）可推知，广告商说“喝橘子”的最终目的是为了推销橙汁。故选A。【26题详解】推理推断题。例子是为了说明观点的。依据文章第四段“Pancakeshavealsobeenaroundforaverylongtime.Researchersbelievetheworld’soldestnaturallypreservedhumanmummy(木乃伊)ateapancake-likefoodasoneofhislastmeals.”（煎饼也有很长一段时间了。探讨人员认为，世界上最古老的自然保存的人类木乃伊最终一餐吃了一种薄饼状的食物。）可知，这个例子是为了说明证明煎饼的悠久历史。故选C。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的内容可知，本文主要介绍了美国早餐饮食的演化历史，即从早期的面包和鸡蛋，到后来的麦片粥和橙汁，美国人早餐食品的种类不断增加。B项：TheDevelopmentoftheAmericans’Breakfast.（美国人早餐的发展。）符合题意。故选D。CAtthebeginningofthe16thcentury,LeonardodaVincireturnedtoFlorenceafteralmosttwodecadesintheemployofLudovicoSforza,DukeofMilan.Nearing50,Leonardowasalreadyfamedforhisscientificgiftandartisticachievements.Combiningpracticalityandobservation,Leonardoappliedtheprincipleofsaperevedere(knowinghowtosee,inLatin)intoasmanyareasofhumanenquiryasitledhim.CesareBorgia,theambitioussonofPopeAlexanderVI,becameLeonardo’sfinancialsupporterin1502.OneofthefirsttasksgiventoLeonardowastocreateamapofthecityofImola,nearBologna.Borgiahadtakencontrolofthecityin1499.Itwasakeysuccessfortheyoungcommander.Controllingthecitywouldrequireunderstandingitsgeographyandlandmarks,andBorgiawantedthemapfromthefinestmindofLeonardoinordertodothat.Inthe16thcenturycitymapstendedtobesymbolicandoftensymbolic,enlargingthesizeofreligiousbuildings.Leonardo’s“ImolaPlan”brokewiththistradition,aimingtoshowtherealityontheground,andtoprovideamapthatwasofmorepracticaluse.LeonardoappliedamappingtechniquedevelopedbyFlorentinehumanistLeonBattistaAlberti,whosuggestedthatatownshouldbemappedusingpolarcoordinates(极坐标系).StartingwithAlberti’stechnique,Leonardoadaptedittorecordmoreaccuratedistances,proportions,andrelationshipsbetweenfeatures.Thecity’spublicsquarewasfixedinthemiddleofthegrid(坐标方格).HistoriansbelievethatLeonardocollecteddataonthegroundbystartingatthiscentralpointandthenusingacompass(罗盘)andodometer(计程器)tomeasurestreetsandlandmarks.Usinggeometry,hecouldthenfillintherestofthemap.Leonardo’stechniquesgaverisetothefirstmapthatuseddatatoaccuratelyshowa“flattenedcity”asitmightbeseenfromabove,whatiscalledanichnographic(平面图的)maptoday,perhapsthemostfamiliartypeofmapusedtoday.Leonardo’smeasurementsstillholdup:Accordingtohistorians,the“ImolaPlan”canstillbeusedtonavigatethecityfivecenturieslater.28.WhydidCesareBorgiaaskLeonardodaVincitomapImola?A.Torebuildit. B.Toruleitbetter.C.Toattackandtakeit. D.Topushmappingforward.29.Whatcanweinferaboutthecitymapsinthe16thcentury?A.Theywerealwaysofalargesize.B.Theywereoftencreatedbyreligiousgroups.C.Theygavespecialattentiontocertainlandmarks.D.Theycontinuedthetraditionofshowingreality.30.FromwhomdidLeonardodaVincigetinspirationwhencarryingoutthe“ImolaPlan”?A.CesareBorgia. B.LudovicoSforza.C.LeonBattistaAlberti. D.PopeAlexanderVI.31.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thepopularityofichnographicmapsnowadays.B.Theexpectationofthedevelopmentofmapping.C.Theimprovementofmeasuresusedtomakemaps.DTheimportanceofLeonardodaVinci’s“ImolaPlan”.【答案】28.B29.C30.C31.D【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了列奥纳多·达·芬奇的“伊莫拉支配”及其带来的深远影响。【28题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中的“Controllingthecitywouldrequireunderstandingitsgeographyandlandmarks,andBorgiawantedthemapfromthefinestmindofLeonardoinordertodothat.”可知，要想限制这座城市须要了解它的地理和地标，而Borgia想要从达芬奇最聪慧的头脑那里得到这张地图。由此可知，CesareBorgia请达芬奇绘制伊莫拉地图，以便更好地统治它。故选B。【29题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段中的“Inthe16thcenturycitymapstendedtobesymbolicandoftensymbolic,enlargingthesizeofreligiousbuildings.”可知，在16世纪，城市地图往往是象征性的，通常是象征性的，扩大了宗教建筑的规模。由此推知，16世纪的城市地图对某些地标赐予了特殊的关注。故选C。【30题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第四段中的“LeonardoappliedamappingtechniquedevelopedbyFlorentinehumanistLeonBattistaAlberti,whosuggestedthatatownshouldbemappedusingpolarcoordinates(极坐标系).”可知，列奥纳多运用了一种由佛罗伦萨人文主义者莱昂·巴蒂斯塔·阿尔贝蒂开发的制图技术，他建议用极坐标来绘制一个城镇。由此可知，达芬奇在执行“伊莫拉支配”时从莱昂·巴蒂斯塔·阿尔贝蒂那里得到了灵感。故选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。依据最终一段“Leonardo’stechniquesgaverisetothefirstmapthatuseddatatoaccuratelyshowa“flattenedcity”asitmightbeseenfromabove,whatiscalledanichnographic(平面图的)maptoday,perhapsthemostfamiliartypeofmapusedtoday.Leonardo’smeasurementsstillholdup:Accordingtohistorians,the“ImolaPlan”canstillbeusedtonavigatethecityfivecenturieslater.”可知，列奥纳多的技术促成了第一张利用数据精确显示从上面可以看到的“平展的城市”的地图，这就是今日所谓的平面图，或许是今日运用的最熟识的地图类型。列奥纳多的测量方法至今仍旧有效：依据历史学家的说法，“伊莫拉支配”在5个世纪后仍可用于巡游这座城市。由此可知，最终一段主要讲解并描述了达芬奇“伊莫拉支配”的重要性及深远影响。故选D。DThedaysofhavingtocarryaphonechargereverywherecouldsoonbeover.Michiganresearchershaverevealedamajorbreakthroughinharvestingenergyfromhumanmotion.Theysayitcouldleadtosmartphonespoweredforaweekbythemotionofaswipe(重击).MichiganStateUniversity’slow-costdevice,knownasananogenerator,hasalreadybeentested.ScientistssuccessfullyoperatedanLCDtouchscreen,abankof20LEDlightsandaflexiblekeyboard,allwithasimpletouchingorpressingmotionandwithouttheaidofabattery.Thegroundbreakingfindings,publishedinthejournalNanoEnergy,suggest“We’reonthepathtowardwearabledevicespoweredbyhumanmotion,”saidNelsonSepulveda,associateprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringandleadresearcheroftheproject.“WhatIforesee,relativelysoon,isthecapabilityofnothavingtochargeyourcellphoneforanentireweek,forexample,becausethatenergywillbeproducedbyyourmovement,”saidSepulveda,whoseresearchisfundedbytheNationalScienceFoundation.Electricalenergyiscreatedwhenthedeviceiscompressedbyhumanmotion.Thecompleteddeviceisasthinasasheetofpaper.ThedeviceusedtopowertheLEDlightswaspalm-sized,whilethedeviceusedtopowerthetouchscreenwasassmallasafinger.Advantagessuchasbeinglightweight,flexibleandlow-costcouldmakeitapromisingandalternativemethodinthefieldofMechanical-energyharvesting.Thedevicealsobecomesmorepowerfulwhenfolded.Sepulvedasaid,“Youcanstartwithalargedevice,butwhenyoufolditonce,andagain,andagain,it’smuchsmallerandhasmoreenergy.Nowitmaybesmallenoughtoputinaspeciallymadeheelofyourshoesoitcreatespowereachtimeyourheelstrikestheground.”Sepulvedaandhisteamarealsodevelopingtechnologythatwouldtransmitthepowergeneratedbytheheelstriketo,say,awirelessheadset.32.Theunderlinedword“device”inthesecondparagraphprobablyrefersto.A.apieceofequipment B.aspecialkindofsmartphoneC.atouchscreen D.aflexiblekeyboard33.WhatcanwelearnaboutNelsonSepulvedainthepassage?A.HeworksasajournalistwritingforNanoEnergy.B.Heplaysamajorroleintheprojectofthenanogenerator.C.Heinventedatypeofbattery-freesmartphone.D.HecollectsfundsfortheNationalScienceFoundation.34.Fromthepassageweknowthatthenanogenerator.A.becomesmorepowerfulwhenkeptflatB.hasalreadycomeintomarketintheUSAC.islightweightandflexiblethoughexpensiveD.makesitpossibletoproducepowerbywalking35.Thepurposeofthepassageisto.A.persuadepeopletobuythedeviceB.bringinanewwaytosaveenergyC.introduceabreakthroughinscienceD.honorNelsonSepulvedaforhiscontributions【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【分析】本文介绍了科学上的一项重大突破。密歇根的探讨人员取得了一项重大突破,可从人体动作中收集能量。【32题详解】词义揣测题。依据其次段第一句中knownasananogenerator,hasalreadybeentested.即纳米发电器，已通过测试。可知前文划线部分的意思应当是“一种设备”，故选A。【33题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段最终一句“We’reonthepathtowardwearabledevicespoweredbyhumanmotion,”saidNelsonSepulveda,associateprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringandleadresearcheroftheproject.可知，NelsonSepulveda在纳米发电机的项目中起着重要的作用。故选B。【34题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段中“We’reonthepathtowardwearabledevicespoweredbyhumanmotion,”我们正在走向可穿戴设备，由人体运动来驱动。可知通过步行来生产动力已变成可能。故选D。【35题详解】目的意图题。依据文章第一段“Thedaysofhavingtocarryaphonechargereverywherecouldsoonbeover.Michiganresearchershaverevealedamajorbreakthroughinharvestingenergyfromhumanmotion.Theysayitcouldleadtosmartphonespoweredforaweekbythemotionofaswipe（重击）.”随身携带手机充电器的日子可能即将过去。密歇根的探讨人员取得了一项重大突破,可从人体动作中收集能量。探讨人员称，从刷手机这一动作中获得的能量足以供智能手机续航一周。可知本文在介绍科学上的一项重大突破。故选C。【点睛】做推理推断题时，要抓住文章的主题和细微环节，分析文章结构，依据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生肯定要细致阅读短文，千万不行脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。本题第3小题，依据其次段中“We’reonthepathtowardwearabledevicespoweredbyhumanmotion,”我们正在走向可穿戴设备，由人体运动来驱动。可知通过步行来生产动力已变成可能。其次节：七选五(共5小题,每小题2分,满分10分)依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Youmaywanttomakesureyougetthemostoutofyourteenageyears.Workinghardasateencanhelpyoudevelopgoodhabitsyoucancarryintoadulthood.Thereareavarietyofwaysyoucanupgradeyourlifeasateenager.Discoverwhatinspiresyou.Passionsshouldmakeyoufeelexcited.Consideringwhatinspiresyouinyourday-to-daylifecanhelpyouidentifypassions.___36___Thismaymeanyouhaveapassionforartorarthistory.Spendyourtimepouringyourenergiesintoyourpersonalpassions.___37___It'simportanttohavegoalsasateen,asthesecanhelpshapeyouradultlife.Writingdownavarietyofgoalsforagivenyear,semester,orsummercanhelpyouupgradeyourlife.Specificandrealisticgoalsworkbest.___38___Forexample,maybeyou'reinterestedinanimalwelfare.Agoallike,“Iwillavoidusingproductstestedonanimals,”isamorespecificgoalthan,“Iwilldomyparttoendanimalcruelty.”Donotgiveintopeer(同龄人)pressure.It'sgreattobeopentotryingnewthingsasateen,andimportanttomakethemostofyourteenageyears.___39___Truefriendswillnottrytopressureyouintodoingsomethingyoudon'twanttodo.Peerpressurecomesinavarietyofforms,andcancreateunnecessarystressandtensioninyourlife.Knowhowtoidentifyandavoidpeerpressure.Acceptyourstrengthsandweaknesses.Everyoneisgoodatdifferentthings.Youmaynothaveagiftforwriting,butyoumayexcelatsciencecourses.___40___Youcannotsucceedineverything,andthat'sokay.A.Donotlimityourselfasateenager.B.Focusonwhatyou'regoodat,andwhatyouenjoy.C.Afteryou'vespentsometimeconsideringyourpassions,setgoalsforyourself.D.Maybeyoulovereadingaboutartistsandfindgoingtoartmuseumsinspiring.E.However,youshouldnotdoanythingthatmakesyoufeeluncomfortableorunsafe.F.You'llendupmeetingpeopleyourownageanddevelopingagroupoffriendsatwork.G.Thatmeanswhenwritinggoalsyoushouldstateclearlyhowyouwanttogoafterthesethings.【答案】36.D37.C38.G39.E40.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述了可以提高青少年生活质量的一些方法。【36题详解】依据本段小标题“Discoverwhatinspiresyou.”（发觉激励你的东西。）可知，本段内容和“inspire”有关，下文“Thismaymeanyouhaveapassionforartorarthistory.”（这可能意味着你对艺术或艺术史有热忱。）和D项：Maybeyoulovereadingaboutartistsandfindgoingtoartmuseumsinspiring.（或许你喜爱阅读有关艺术家的书籍，觉得去艺术博物馆很有启发。）形成说明说明关系。故选D。【37题详解】空处为段落主题句。依据下文“It'simportanttohavegoalsasateen,asthesecanhelpshapeyouradultlife.”（作为一个青少年，有目标是很重要的，因为这些目标可以帮助塑造你的成年生活。）可知，上文提到的内容和“goal”相关。C项：Afteryou'vespentsometimeconsideringyourpassions,setgoalsforyourself.（在你花了一些时间考虑你的爱好之后，为自己设定目标。）符合语境。故选C。【38题详解】依据上文内容“Specificandrealisticgoalsworkbest.”（详细而现实的目标效果最好。）可知，空处应当说明说明设定的目标要详细化。G项：Thatmeanswhenwritinggoalsyoushouldstateclearlyhowyouwanttogoafterthesethings.（这意味着在写目标的时候，你应当清晰地说明你想要如何实现这些目标。）符合语境。故选G。【39题详解】依据上文内容“It'sgreattobeopentotryingnewthingsasateen,andimportanttomakethemostofyourteenageyears.”（作为一个青少年，开放地尝试新事物是很好的，并且充分利用你的青少年时期是很重要的。）和下文内容“Truefriendswillnottrytopressureyouintodoingsomethingyoudon'twanttodo.”（真正的挚友不会强迫你做你不想做的事。）可知，空处和上文形成转折关系。E项：However,youshouldnotdoanythingthatmakesyoufeeluncomfortableorunsafe.（然而，你不应当做任何让你感到不舒适或担心全的事情。）符合语境。故选E。【40题详解】本段的主题句是“Acceptyourstrengthsandweaknesses”（接受自己的优点和缺点。）再依据上文“Youmaynothaveagiftforwriting,butyoumayexcelatsciencecourses.”（你可能没有写作的天赋，但你可能擅长理科课程。）可知，空处应当是说明须要了解自己的优点。B项：Focusonwha