英沃国际英语六级测试卷2（无听力）

英沃国际英语-大学英语六级测试卷2

(满分461.5,及格分276.25)

PartIWriting(30minutes)满分106.5

Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofmutualunderstandingandrespectininterpersonalrelationships.

Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)满分248.5

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbank

followingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemark

thecorrespondingletterforeachitemontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethan

once.

SectionAQuestions26to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Cellphonesprovideinstantaccesstopeople.Theyarecreatingmajor___26_inthesocialexperiencesofbothchildrenandadolescents.InonerecentU.S.

survey,abouthalftheteenspolledsaidthattheircellphonehad___27___theircommunicationwithfriends.Almostallsaidthattheircellphonewastheway

theystayedintouchwithpeers,one-thirdhadusedthecel1phonetohelpapeerinneed,andabout80%saidthephonemadethemfeelsafer.TeenagersinAustralia,

__28__,saidthattheirmobilephonesprovidednumerousbenefitsandwerean__29___partoftheirlives;somewereso___30__totheirphonesthattheresearchers

considereditanaddiction.InJapan,too,researchersareconcernedaboutcel1phoneaddiction.ResearchersinonestudyinTokyofoundthatmorethanhalfof

juniorhighschoolstudentsusedtheirphonestoexchangee-mailswithschoolmatesmorethan10timesaday.

Cellphones31___socialconnectionswithpeersacrosstimeandspace.Theyallowyoungpeopletoexchangemoment-by-momentexperiencesintheirdaily

liveswithspecialpartnersandthustohaveamore___32___senseofconnectionwithfriends.Cellphonesalsocan___33___socialtolerancebecausetheyreduce

chiIdrensinteractionswithotherswhoaredifferentfromthem.Inadditiontoconnectingpeers,cel1phonesconnectchiIdrenandparents.Researchersstudying

teenagersinIsraelcone1udedthat,inthat__34___environment,mobilephoneswereregardedas“securityobjects**inparent-teenre1ationships-importantbecause

theyprovidedthepossibi1ityof___35__andcommunicationatalltimes.

A.affiliatedB.attachedC.contactD.contendE.continuous

F.diminishG.enduranceII.fosterI.hazardousJ.improved

K.instantaneousL.intrinsicM.relativelyN.shift0.similarly

SectionB

Who'sReallyAddictingYoutoTechnology?

A."NearlyeveryoneIknowisaddictedinsomemeasuretotheInternet,"wroteTonySchwartzinTheNewYorkTimes.It'sacommoncomplaintthesedays.Asteadystreamofsimilar

headlinesaccusetheNetanditsoffspringapps,socialmediasitesandonlinegamesofaddictingustodistraction.

B.There'slittledoubtthatnearlyeveryonewhocomesincontactwiththeNethasdifficultydisconnecting.Manyofus,likeSchwartz,struggletostayfocusedontasksthatrequiremore

concentrationthanittakestopostastatusupdate.AsonepersonironicallyputitinthecommentssectionofSchwartz'sonlinearticle,"AsIwasreadingthisveryexcellentarticle,Istopped

atleasthalfadozentimestocheckmyemail."

C.There'ssomethingdifferentaboutthistechnology:itisbothinvasiveandpersuasive.Butwho'satfaultforitsoveruse?Tofindsolutions,it'simportanttounderstandwhatwe're

dealingwith.Therearefourpartiesconspiringtokeepyouconnected:thetech,yourboss,yourfriendsandyou.

D.Thetechnologiesthemselves,andtheirmakers,aretheeasiestsuspectstoblameforourdiminishingattentionspans.NicholasCarr;authorofTheShallows:WhattheInternetIs

DoingtoOurBrains,wrote,"Thenetisdesignedtobeaninterruptionsystem,amachinegearedtodividingattention."

E.OnlineserviceslikeFacebook,Twitterandthelike,arecalledoutasmastersofmanipulation-makingproductssogoodthatpeoplecan'tstopusingthem.Afterstudyingthese

productsforseveralyears,Iwroteabookabouthowtheydoit.Ilearneditallstartswiththebusinessmodel.Sincetheseservicesrelyonadvertisingrevenue,themorefrequentlyyouuse

them,themoremoneytheymake.It'snowonderthesecompaniesemployteamsofpeoplefocusedonengineeringtheirservicestobeasengagingaspossible.Theseproductsaren't

habit-formingbychance;it'sbydesign.Theyhaveanincentivetokeepushooked.

F.However;asgoodastheseservicesare,therearesimplestepswecantaketokeepthematbay.Forexample,wecanchangehowoftenwereceivethedistractingnotificationsthat

triggeroururgetocheck.AccordingtoAdamMarchick,CEOofmobilemarketingcompanyKahuna,lessthan15percentofsmartphoneuserseverbothertoadjusttheirnotificationsettings

—meaningtheremaining85percentofusdefaulttotheappmakers'everypresettrigger.GoogleandApplehavemadeitfartoodifficulttoadjustthesesettingssoit'suptoustotakesteps

toensurewesetthesetriggerstosuitourownneeds,nottheneedsoftheappmakers'.

G.WhilecompanieslikeFacebookharvestattentiontogeneraterevenuefromadvertisers,othertechnologieshavenosuchagenda.Takeemail,forexample.Thissystemcouldn'tcare

lesshowoftenyouuseit.Yettomany,emailisthemosthabit-formingmediumofall.Wecheckemailatallhoursoftheday—we'reobsessed.Butwhy?Becausethat'swhatthebosswants.

Foralmostallwhite-collarjobs,emailistheprimarytoolofcorporatecommunication.Aslowresponsetoamessagecouldhurtnotonlyyourreputationbutalsoyourlivelihood.

H.Yourfriendsarealsoresponsiblefortheaddiction.Thinkaboutthisfamiliarscene.Peoplegatheredaroundatable,enjoyingfoodandeachother'scompany.There'slaughterandabit

ofkidding.Then,duringanintervalintheconversation,someonetakesouttheirphonetocheckwhoknowswhat.Barelyanyonenoticesandnoonesaysathing.

I.Now,imaginethesamedinner,butinsteadofcheckingtheirphone,thepersonbelches（打嗝）一loudly.Everyonenotices.Unlessthemealtakesplaceinabeerhouse,thisisconsidered

badmanners.Theimpoliteactviolatesthebasicrulesofetiquette.Onehastowonder:whydon'tweapplythesamesocialnormstocheckingphonesduringmeals,meetingsand

conversationsaswedotootherantisocialbehaviors?Somehow,weacceptitandsaynothingwhensomeoneoffends.

J.Therealityis,takingone'sphoneoutatthewrongtimeisworsethanbelchingbecause,unlikeotherminoroffense,checkingtechiscontagious.Onceonepersonlooksattheirphone,

otherpeoplefeelcompelledtodothesame,startingachainreaction.Themorepeopleareontheirphones,thefewerpeoplearetalkinguntilfinallyyou'retheonlyoneleftnotreadingemail

orcheckingTwitter.Fromasocietalperspective,phonecheckingislesslikebelchinginpublicandmorelikeanotherbadhabit.Ourphonesarelikecigarettes——somethingtodowhenwe,re

anxious,boredorwhenourfingersneedsomethingtotoywith.Seeingothersenjoyasmoke,orsneakaquickglance,istootemptingtoresistandsooneveryoneisdoingit.

K.Thetechnology,yourboss,andyourfriends,allinfluencehowoftenyoufindyourselfusing（oroverusing）thesegadgets.Butthere'sstillsomeonewhodeservesscrutiny——theperson

holdingthephone.

L.Ihaveaconfession.EventhoughIstudyhabit-formingtechnologyforaliving,disconnectingisnoteasyforme.I'monlinefarmorethanI'dlike.LikeSchwartzandsomanyothers,I

oftenfindmyselfdistractedandofftask.IwantedtoknowwhysoIbeganself-monitoringtotrytounderstandmybehavior.That'swhenIdiscoveredanuncomfortabletruth.Iuse

technologyasanescape.WhenI'mdoingsomethingI'drathernotdo,orwhenI'msomeplaceI'drathernotbe,Iusemyphonetoportmyselfelsewhere.Ifoundthatthisabilitytoinstantly

shiftmyattentionwasoftenagoodthing,likewhenpassingtimeonpublictransportation.Butfrequentlymytechusewasnotsobenign.WhenIfaceddifficultwork,likethinkingthroughan

articleideaoreditingthesamedraftforthehundredthtime,forexample,amoresinisterscreenwoulddrawmein.Icouldeasilyescapediscomfort,temporarily,byansweringemailor

browsingthewebunderthepretenseofso-called"research."ThoughIdesperatelywantedtolayblameelsewhere,Ifinallyhadtoadmitthatmybadhabitshadlesstodowithnew-age

technologyandmoretodowithold-fashionedprocrastination（拖延）.

M.It'seasytoblametechnologyforbeingsodistracting,butdistractionisnothingnew.AristotleandSocratesdebatedthenatureof"akrasia"-ourtendencytodothingsagainstour

interests.Ifwe'rehonestwithourselves,techisjustanotherwaytooccupyourtimeandminds.Ifweweren'tonourdevices,we'dlikelydosomethingsimilarlyunproductive.

N.Personaltechnologyisindeedmoreengagingthanever,andthere'snodoubtcompaniesareengineeringtheirproductsandservicestobemorecompellingandattractive.Butwould

wewantitanyotherway?Theintendedresultofmakingsomethingbetteristhatpeopleuseitmore.That'snotnecessarilyaproblem,that'sprogress.

O.Theseimprovementsdon'tmeanweshouldn'tattempttocontrolouruseoftechnology.Inordertomakesureitdoesn'tcontrolus,weshouldcometotermswiththefactthatit's

morethanthetechnologyitselfthat'sresponsibleforourhabits.Ourworkplaceculture,socialnormsandindividualbehaviorsallplayapart.Toputtechnologyinitsplace,wemustbe

consciousnotonlyofhowtechnologyischanging,butalsoofhowitischangingus.

36、Onlineservicesaresodesignedthatthemoretheyareused,themoreprofittheygenerate.

37、Theauthoradmitsusingtechnologyasanescapefromthetaskathand.

38、Checkingphonesatdinnersisnowacceptedasnormalbutnotbelching.

39、Tomakeproperuseoftechnology,weshouldnotonlyincreaseourawarenessofhowitischangingbutalsohowitisimpactingus.

40、MostofusfindithardtofocusonourimmediatetasksbecauseofInternetdistractions.

41、Whenonepersonstartscheckingtheirphone,theotherswillfollowsuit.

42、Thegreatmajorityofsmartphoneusersdon'ttakethetroubletoadjusttheirsettingstosuittheirownpurposes.

43、TheInternetisregardedbysomeasdesignedtodistractourattention.

44、Theauthorattributeshistechaddictionchieflytohishabitofputtingoffdoingwhatheshoulddorightaway.

45、White-collarworkerscheckemailroundtheclockbecauseitisrequiredbytheiremployers.

SectionC

PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

AccordingtoForresterResearch,8.6milliononlineshoppersaccesstheInternetviaahigh-speedconnection,comparedto12millionusingdial-up.Takenalone,thosefindingsarehardly

groundbreaking.Whatsnoteworthyistherestofthepicturethatemergesfromthatstudy:Thosebroadbandusersareyounger;richer,andbetterinformedthantheirnarrowband

counterparts.Theyspendmoretimeandmoneyonlineandaremorelikelytobuycustomizedproductsandservices.

Sowhyhasn'ttheInternetbecomethefocusforbroadbandcompaniesseekingtoestablishrelationshipswithademographicthathasdemonstratedapreferencefortheirproduct?

Simplyput,untilrecently,theirattemptsfellflat.Justoverayearago,ouragencylaunchedanonlineperformance-basede-marketingcampaigntopromoteabroadbandservice.Despite

engagingcreativeandacompellingoffer,itmetwithresoundingsilence.Sixmonthslater,theresponsewasonlymarginallybetter.Sowewereonlycautiouslyoptimistictwomonthslater

whenwelaunchedanothercampaignforthesameadvertiser;usingthesameoffer.Thistime,itwasasuccess.Responseratestripledandthecustomeracquisitioncostdroppedfrom$300to

under$100.

Clearly,thefloodgateshaveopenedandthemostsought-afterconsumersarerushingthroughtobroadband.Andwhilethesurgeinresponsewasn'tacompletesurprisegiventhe

emphasisplacedonmarketingbroadbandservices,itwasenoughtomakeuscuriousaboutwhatotherfactorswereatplay.Whatwediscoveredwasascenariowheresomanypeoplehave

experiencedbroadband,ssuperiorityatwork,school,andeveninfriends'homesthattheyknowwhatthey,remissing.

AccordingtoU.S.News&WorldReport,some20millionhouseholdsnationwidenowhavebroadband,withanother100,000signingupeachweek.Thatsaturationhascreatedamarket

ofincreasinglydiscontentdial-upsubscribersforbroadbandcompaniestoreach.Imaginetheimpactwhen-asdial-upusersimpatientlywaitforWebpagestoload-anadpopsup

promisinglightning-fastaccess.Theirresponsestartsanongoingrelationshipmanagedthroughnewslettersandothere-mailcommunicationsdesignedtokeeptheminformedabout

value-addedservices,specialpromotions,etc.Notonlyisitademographicpre-disposedtoonlineCRM,itisalsoonethatisfarfromoversold.Infact,lessthanone-thirdofU.S.households

willsubscribetoabroadbandserviceby2006.Andasservicesdesignedspecificallyforbroadbandincreaseandsupportfordial-updeclines,the42percentofInternetuserswhosaidthey

didnztneedbroadbandwillbecomereceptivetoawell-focusedCRMprogram.Butitwon'tlastforever.Whilethewindowofopportunitytoreachbroadbandbuyersonlineisopen,it*snot

likelytostaythatway.Broadbandmaybethecurrentheirapparentforconnectivity,butwirelesshasgiveneveryindicationitwillbeasleeperhit,emergingfromnowheretotakethetop

spot.

Inshort,thetimeforbroadbandcompaniestoestablishonlinecustomerrelationshipsisnow—beforethewindowslamsshut.

46.WhatisNOTmentionedastheresultofForresterResearchinthefirstparagraph?

A)AlotofonlineshoppersaccesstheInternetbybroadband.

B)Broadbandusersgetmoreinformationthanthedial-upusers.

C)Itisprobableforbroadbanduserstobuytheproductsspeciallymadeforthem.

D)Itisthefirsttimeforpeopletofindoutthenumberofbroadbandandnarrowbandusers.

47.Whatdidtheonlineperformance-basede-marketingcampaignbringatfirst?

A)Thepromotionofabroadbandservice.

B)Cautiousresponses.

C)Noresponseatall.

D)Somemarginalresponses.

48.Whydidanothercampaignbecomeasuccesslater?

A)Becausetheagencyhasusedacompellingoffer.

B)Becausepeoplehaveenjoyedthebroadband1sadvantagesintheirdailylife.

C)Becausetheagencyhasspentalotofmoneyontheadvertisements.

D)Becausepeoplebecomecuriousaboutthebroadband.

49.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat

A)Fewislikelytousedial-upinthefuture.

B)Broadbandcompaniesshouldestablishonlinecustomerrelationshipsnow.

C)About20millionhouseholdsnationwidenowhavebroadband.

D)Peopledesignmoreservicesspeciallyforbroadband.

50.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

A)HowForresterResearchgotthevaluableinformation.

B)Whypeoplewanttousebroadband.

C)HowbroadbandservicesfindsuccessinonlineCRM.

D)Broadbandserviceshavegreatinfluenceonpeople.

Passage2

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

ThefollowingpassageisanopeningspeechbyLordWeidenfeld,founderoftheEuropeanandChairman,WeidenfeldandNicolsonPublishersIamveryprivilegedandgratifiedtotalkto

youtoday.IthinkitismostappropriatetohavethismeetingattheHumboldtUniversity,Berlin,becauseoftheimpulsetothecreationtotheEuropeannetwork,tothesequenceofevents,

andthatgreatturningpointofhistory,whichissymbolizedbythefalloftheBerlinwall.Itwasthatparticularimpulsethatstartedanenterprisetobringtogetherteachersandstudentsin,

firstofall,WesternEuropeanUniversitiestoofferresourcestothoseuniversitieswhichhadonlyrecentlyemergedinotherpartsofEurope.SowestartedtheEuropeannetwork.Six

universitiesjoinedusinitially.WethenapproachedtheUniversityofPraguetojoinusforthebeginningofanenlargement,whichwouldalsotoincludeuniversitiespreviouslybehindtheIron

Curtain.ThegroupthatweassembledaroundtheEuropeanlogoisbynomeansexclusiveandwewouldverymuchliketoenlargeitTheterm'variablegeometry,isveryfashionablein

internationalpolitics,butIthinkitalsoappliestoourintentions,wewantittoexpandandincludeotheruniversitieseitherasfullmembersorassociatessofreestandingresearchinstitutes.

ThankstothegenerosityofourGermansponsorDaimlerChrysler;particularlytheDaviesGroupoftheorganization,DrKlausMangoldandDrBensel,wearenowengaginginastudyof

therolesoftheuniversitiesinthefuture.Wehaveanumberofideasregardinghowtosetaboutansweringthesethreemajorquestions:Whatisthefutureroleoftheuniversity?Ifwehave

establishedwhatitis,howdoweequipittoproducetheresourcesanddoitsjobandwhatroledoesitplayinoursociety?Wehopetohaveanumberofongoingconferencesandexchanges

ofviewsonthesubjectthankstothefriendlyandco-operationofHumboldtUniversity.

Wearenowinanewerasince11September.IthinkthatonedaywewillregardthatapproximatedecadefromthefallofthewallinBerlinandthedestructionoftheWorldTradeCentre

inNewYork.Hereitisimportantthatweplayourrole.InwhatwenowseeintheplateauofCentralSoutheastAsia,aholyallianceofbarbarism,fanaticismandhightechproductofthe

informationsociety.TheUniversity,byhavingas