UNIT 4课时测评作业二（含解析）高中英语人教版2019必修第一册

UNIT4课时测评作业二【小题夯基】维度一语境辨义练(每小题1分，共7分)1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思①Thewindpickedupandthunderrolled.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)____________②Hearingmywords，Davidbeamedabigsmile，stoodupandchargedtowardsthestartingline.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)____________③NicoloandanotherbidderbattleduntilNicolofinallywonthepaintingsfor$32.(全国Ⅱ卷)____________2.选出crowd的汉语意思A.n.人群；一群人B.n.民众C.v.(想法或观点)涌入(脑子)D.v.聚集；涌向①Theairsmelledofthebestbakedbread，andcustomerssooncrowdedintothestore，makingthestreetcrowded.(场景描写)______②Iquicklysearchedthecrowdfortheschool’scoachandaskedhimwhathadhappened.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)______③Thehappymemoryofgettingalongwithmybestfriendcrowdedinonme/crowdedintomymind.______④AssoonasIsawthecrowddownthere,myheartbeatsofastthatIwasunabletosayasingleword.______维度二语境拼写练(每小题1分，共10分)1.____________(围绕)yourselfwithpeoplewhopossessahighdegreeofself-disciplinecanhelp.2.Whentheshipreachedtheport，____________(证据)showedthatithadgonethroughastorm.3.Lastofall，the____________(最高级别的)editorreadthearticleandapprovedit.4.In1066，theNormans____________(征服)Englandandtookcontrolofthecountry.5.Thankstohisresearch，theUNhasmoretoolsinthe____________(战役)toridtheworldofhunger.6.Havingsoldmostofhis____________(belong)，healmosthadnothingleftinthehouse.7.Itis____________(legal)todriveacarafterdrinkingwine.8.Scientistsare____________(puzzle)astowhythewhalesswimtotheshore.9.Tworescueworkerscametohis____________(defend)whentheaccidenthappened.10.IwouldliketointroduceConfuciuswhowasborninthestateofLu____________(locate)inpresent－dayQufu,ShandongProvince.(2023·全国甲卷)维度三固定用法练(每小题1.5分，共12分)1.Thecarnearbybelongs____________myneighbor，whohasbrokenaway____________hisfamilytobeindependent.2.Thesoldiersarealwaysdefendingourcountry____________anypossibleattack.3.Wheretheviruscamefromwas____________puzzletothescientists.4.____________(cut)downoneforestafteranothermakessomeanimalshavenowheretolive.5.Shehadherwallet____________(steal)onherwayhomeyesterday.6.Alltheevidenceshowsthatshoutingandthreatsofpunishmentwillresult____________adisaster.7.MaryaswellasI____________(be)madefunofbyothersinpublic，whichmakesusupset.8.Mencius(孟子)wasathinkerwhoseteachingsweresimilar____________thoseofConfucius.维度四写作提升练(每小题2分，共12分)利用本课时所学知识补全短文并尝试背诵I’msorrytohearthat1.___________________________________________________________________________________________________(你对如何和交换生相处感到困惑)inyourschool.2._______________________________________________(关于这个问题)，3.__________________________________________________________(我有一些实用的建议给你).Firstofall，You’dbetterjoinsomeclubs，4.________________________________________________(这些俱乐部是属于每个人的).Additionally，5.______________________________________(结交有正能量的人)whochallengeyoutobebetter.Lastbutnotleast,6.__________________________________________________________(参加课外活动对你来说也是个好主意),whereyoucanmakemorefriends.【大题提能】Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)AWhyispinkorpurpleacolorforgirlsandblueorbrownforboys?Theanswerdependslargelyonculturalvaluesaswellaspersonalexperiences.TotheEgyptians,greenisacolorthatrepresentsthehopeandjoyofspring,whileforMuslims,itmeansheaven.Redisasymbolofgoodluckinmanycultures.InChina,childrenaregivenmoneyinaredenvelopetobringgoodfortuneintheNewYear.Formanynations,blueisasymbolofprotectionandreligiousbeliefs.Greekpeopleoftenwearabluenecklacehopingtoprotectthemselvesagainstevils.People’schoiceofcolorsisalsoinfluencedbytheirbodies’reactionstowardthem.Eachcolorhasitsownfunction(功能).Redcancauseaperson’sbloodpressuretoriseandincreasepeople’sappetites(食欲).Manydecoratorswillincludedifferentshadesofredintherestaurant.Similarly,manycommercialwebsiteswillhaveared“BuyNow”buttonbecauseredisacolorthateasilycatchesaperson’seye.Blueisacalmingcolor.Unlikered,bluecancausepeopletoloseappetite.Soifyouwanttoeatless,somepeoplesuggestthateatingfromblueplatescanhelp.Greenissaidtobethemostrestfulcolor.Ithastheabilitytoreducepainandrelaxpeoplebothmentallyandphysically.Peoplewhoworkingreenenvironmenthavebeenfoundtohavefewerstomachaches.Thenexttimeyouaredecidingonwhattowearorwhatcolortodecorateyourroom,thinkaboutthecolorcarefully.1.Howisparagraph2mainlydeveloped?Bylistingnumbers.Byfollowingtimeorder.Bygivingexamples.Bydiscussingproblems.2.Whyisredoftenseeninrestaurants?Tomakepeopleeatmore.Todrawpeople’sattention.Tomakepeoplecalmdown.Tobringgoodlucktopeople.3.Whichcolormayhelpyoufeellesspain?Red.Blue.Green.Brown.4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?People’sChoiceofColorsTheCulturalValuesofColorsColorsandPersonalExperiencesTheMeaningandFunctionofColorsBSeveralyearsago,JeremyClarkson,presenterofthefamousBBCtelevisionprogrammeTopGear’，discoveredthatoneofhisguestswashalfGermanandhalfIrish.Immediately,hesaid:“That’squiteastrangecombination.It’slike,thismustbedoneabsolutelyperfectly...tomorrow”.Thisisajokeaboutthestereotype(刻板印象)thatGermansareefficientandIrisharelazy.Manypeoplecouldunderstandablybeoffendedbythesekindsofassertions(断言).WedonotknoweveryIrishperson,sohowcanwethenconcludethateveryIrishpersonislazy?IrecentlyreadonawebsitethatIrishbusinesspeopleweredescribedasbeing“generallyrathercasual”and“moreoutwardlyfriendlythanmanyEuropeancountries”.Germanbusinesspeople,ontheotherhand,areconsideredtobeverydirectandaccordingtothewebsite,theydonotneedapersonalrelationshipinordertodobusiness.Onceyouhearadvicelikethis,itbecomeseasiertounderstandwherejokesliketheoneinthefirstparagraphcomefrom.SowhydosomepeopledisagreewiththekindofstereotypesasseeninClarkson’sjoke,butagreewhenitcomestogeneralizations(概括)?Whatisthedifferencebetweenthetwo?Bydefinition,astereotypeisawidelyheldbutfixedandoversimplifiedimageorideaofaparticulartypeofpersonorthing.Aculturalcharacteristic,ontheotherhand,isapatternofbehaviourthatistypicalofacertaingroup.Sowhatdoesthisreallymean?Stereotypesaresimplyoverstatedassumptionsaboutgroupsofpeople.ImagineifatouristvisitedasmalltowninSwitzerlandandsawanumberoflocalsplayingthealphorninstrument,andthenclaimedthatSwisspeoplecanplaythealphorn.Thiswouldbeastereotype!ThisisanoverstatedimageoftheSwisswhichisbasedononetourist’sexperience.If,however,thistouristweretosaythattheSwissareverypunctual,thiscouldbeseenasaculturalcharacteristic.ThisisbecauseitisapatternofbehaviourwhichisverytypicalinSwitzerland:fromtheirtransportsystemtotheirbusinessmeetings.Inthisway,somepeoplearguethatgeneralizinganothercultureisnotjustuseful,butimportant.Politiciansalwayshavetobemindfuloftheculturalcharacteristicsofdifferentcountries.Bybecomingawareofdifferentculturalcharacteristics,theycanavoidcausingoffenceinthosecultures.However,othersarguethatgeneralizingcultureswillalwaysleadtooffensivestereotypes.Theyarguethatthebestthingwecandoistostopgeneralizingculturesandstarttreatingpeopleasindividuals.Allthisraisesimportantquestions:Canmakinggeneralizationsaboutgroupsofpeoplebeapositivething?Orshouldwealwaysavoidmakingbroadassumptionsaboutdifferentgroups?5.Whenhesaid“It’slike,thismustbedoneabsolutelyperfectly...tomorrow”，JeremyClarksonreallymeant________.thestereotypesoftheGermansandtheIrisharenotsogoodthecombinationofhalfGermanandhalfIrishisinterestingthecharacteristicsoftheGermansandtheIrishareoppositetheGermanswilldoitperfectlytomorrowwhiletheIrishwon’t.6.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?It’stypicaloftheSwisstobepunctual.TheIrishpeopleareconsideredaslazy,directandcasual.TheGermansarethoughttobeefficient,friendlyanddirect.TheSwisspeoplecanplaythealphorn.7.Politiciansthinkitimportanttogeneralizeanotherculturebecause________.theydon’twanttooffendotherpeoplegeneralizingwillleadtooffensivestereotypesculturalcharacteristicsarebetterthanstereotypestheyshouldtreatpeopleasindividuals8.What’sthemainpurposeofthispassage?Toshowtheimportanceofmakinggeneralizations.Toshowitiswrongtoplayjokesonstereotypesofdifferentpeople.Totellusthedifferencesbetweenstereotypesandculturalcharacteristics.Todiscusswhetheritisgoodtomakegeneralizationsaboutgroupsofpeople.Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，共12.5分)IntheArabworld,asoukisamarketusuallyheldinanopen－airlocation.SouksareanimportantpartoflifeintheMiddleEast.__1__Anotherattractionofsouksisthattheyoffervisitorsagreatopportunitytofeelthelocalculture.Mostmajorsouksprobablystartedasinformalmeetingsofmerchants(商人)inopenspaces,whichslowlydevelopedintomoreformalmarkets.__2__Forexample,somesoukshavepartialceilings(天花板)toprotectagainstbadweather,alongwithnarrowstreetswhichdonotpermitcars.Everythingfromglasswaretomeatcanbefoundatasouk，withmerchantscomingfromnearbyareastoselltheirproducts.__3__Sovisitorscaneasilyfindbeautifulartworksinallshapesandsizesatasouk,oftenatveryreasonableprices.__4__Bytradition,shoppersatasoukmustnegotiate(协商)withshopkeeperstoreachaprice.Forlargeitems,customerswillhavetositdownwiththeshopkeeper.Theywillbeofferedteaandsnackswhiletheprice,includingstorageanddeliverycostssometimes,isdiscussed.IfyouhappentobetravelingintheMiddleEast,justpayavisittoasouk.Someregionshavefamousmarketswithalongandinterestinghistory,andasoukisagreatplacetogetsouvenirs.Youcanfindalocalguideforyourvisittoensurethatyouknowlocalculturalruleswell.__5__A.Europeansprefertopaythelistprice.B.ManycountriesintheMiddleEasthavelongartistictraditions.C.Thatwillcertainlyallowyouamoreenjoyabledayatthemarket.D.Peoplemaybeshockedatthelongprocessofmakingadealatsouks.E.TherearemanyculturaldifferencesbetweentheWestandtheMiddleEast.F.Nowadays,souksmakespecialdesignstocreateacustomer－friendlyenvironment.G.ManyvisitorstotheMiddleEasterncountriesenjoygoingtosoukstobuygreatgoods.1.2.3.4.5.课时测评作业二小题夯基维度一1.①vi.(雷或鼓)隆隆作响②vi.向……冲去③vi.竞争；较量2.①D②A③C④B维度二1.Surrounding2.evidence3.chief4.conquered5.battle6.belongings7.illegal8.puzzled9.defence10.located维度三1.to；from2.from/against3.a4.Cutting5.stolen6.in7.is8.to维度四1.youarepuzzledabouthowtogetalongwithexchangestudents2.Astotheproblem3.Ihavesomepracticaltipstoofferyou4.whichbelongtoeveryone5.surroundyourselfwithpositiveindividuals6.it’sagoodideaforyoutotakepartinextra－curricularactivitiesaswell大题提能Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述的是在不同文化中各种颜色的不同含义以及各种颜色的功能和作用。1.C[写作手法题。根据第二段“Theanswerdependslargelyonculturalvaluesaswellaspersonalexperiences...hopingtoprotectthemselvesagainstevils.”可知，第二段主要是通过举例子来展开的。]2.A[细节理解题。根据第三段中“Redcancauseaperson’sbloodpressuretorise...differentshadesofredintherestaurant.”可知，红色经常出现在餐馆里是因为红色会使人们吃得更多。]3.C[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Greenissaidtobethemostrestfulcolor..bothmentallyandphysically.”可知，绿色可以帮助你减轻疼痛。]4.D[标题归纳题。根据第二段中“Theanswerdependslargelyonculturalvaluesaswellaspersonalexperiences.”和第三段中“People’schoiceofcolorsisalsoinfluencedbytheir...hasitsownfunction(功能).”以及全文可知，本文主要讲述了在不同文化中各种颜色的不同含义以及各种颜色的功能和作用。D项“颜色的意义和功能”能概括文章大意，为最佳标题。]【语篇解读】本文是议论文。文章主要以“是否要对民族特性或群体特性作概括”为话题进行了讨论。5.C[句意理解题。根据第二段内容“ThisisajokeaboutthestereotypethatGermansareefficientandIrisharelazy.”可知，大家对于德国人的印象是“高效率”，对于爱尔兰人的印象是“懒惰”。基于对这两国家人的刻板印象，他用“absolutelyperfectly”对应德国人的“高效率”，用“tomorrow”对应爱尔兰人的“懒惰”，这是一个矛盾的奇怪的结合。因此可知，他真正想表达的是“德国人和爱尔兰人的特点正好相反”。]6.A[正误判断题。根据文章第七段内容“If,however,thistouristweretosaythattheSwissareve