浙江省培优联盟高三上学期7月仿真卷英语试题

2024年7月浙江省培优联盟高三仿真卷英语注意事项：1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）。满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。2．本卷包含听力部分，广东、山东等不再考查听力的省份可自行省略。选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。第Ⅰ卷（选择题部分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemangoingtodonext?A.PickupBilly. B.Visitafriend. C.CallEmma.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,DoyouknowJenny’snewaddress?I’mgoingtosendherapackage.W:Itextedhertoaskaboutit,andshehasn’treplied.M:Shemustbebusy.I’llcallherroommate,it’sEmma,Right?W:Right.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanconcernabouttheman?A.Hisworkefficiency. B.Hishealth. C.Histravelplan.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Tim,youworkedovertimeagainyesterday.You’dbetternotpushyourselfthathard,oryourhealthwillbreakdown.M:Thanks.Iplantotakeaholidayafterfinishingthisproject.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Drivingacar. B.Ridingabike. C.Enteringtheschool.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Slowdown!George.We’reingnearaschool.M:Iknow,mom.I’mgoingeightmilesanhour.Look!Abikejustpassedus.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Ataconference. B.Atahospital. C.Atanairport.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Mr.King,I’mhappythatyoudecidedtoeinforyourphysicalcheckup.M:I’mgoingabroadtoattendaconference,andIwanttomakesureIdon’thaveanyproblems.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomansuggestaboutgoingfordinner?A.ToUncleJohnson. B.Eatingwithafriend. C.Exploringnewoptions.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:HowabouthavinglunchatUncleJohnsontogetthefoodwasdeliciousandthestaffwerefriendlyW:Yes,butlet’sbemoreadventurousquiteafewrestaurantshaveopenedhererecently.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Brotherandsister. C.Fatheranddaughter.7.WhydotheymentionBarry?A.Becausehewasjustinthephoto.B.Becauseheownsasuperbcamera.C.Becausehetookthephototheyarediscussing.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Whodoyouthinktookthisone?W:Ican'tremember.M:Youlookveryyoung.W:Yeah!Lookatmyhair.Itwassolong.M:Fine!Too!Lookatme.Ithinkitwastakenafterourwedding.W:Whotookit?Wasityourdad?M:No,itwasn’t.DoyourememberBarry?W:Yes,Yourcousin.Ahighschoolboythen.M:Yeah,hetookitwithhisnewcamera.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A.Teachingclass. B.Tellingstories. C.Correctingmistakes.9.WhydoesMr.GreenconsidertheFibonacciseriesimportant?A.Becauseitisaverydifficultconcepttounderstand.B.Becauseitcanbemonlyfoundinourdailylife.CBecauseitisposedofaseriesofluckynumbers.10.WhatismangoingtodonextWednesday?A.Givefurtherexplanation. B.Lecturestudents’behavior. C.Conductasurvey.【答案】8.A9.B10.A【解析】【原文】M:Okay,beforeyou'redismissed,doesanyonehaveaquestion?Okay,Stephanie.W:Thankyou,Mr.Green.YoumentionedtheFibonacciseriesjustnow.Idon'tquiteunderstand.Couldyouexplain?Whatdoesitmean?M:FibonacciwasaEuropeanmathematicianintheMiddleAges.TheFibonacciseriesisaseriesofnumbersinwhicheachnumberisequaltothetwonumbersbeforeitaddedtogether.Asimpleexamplegoes,like112358andsoon.W:Whyisitimportant？M:Well,it'simportant,becauseit'smoningeometry.Andit'smoninnature.Forexample,inplants.Actually,weseethesenumberseverywhere.W:Couldyougiveussomespecificexamples?M:Well,wedon'thavetimetoday.ButIcanexplainmoreaboutitinthenextlessononWednesday.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】11.Whatdosethisspecialartmadefrom?A.Trees. B.Animalskins. C.Rocks.12.Whatthreatarethetigersfacingnow?A.Illegallyhunting. B.Lossofhabitats. C.Spreadofdiseases.13.WhatdoseSimonthinkcanhelpTigers?A.Controlminingactivities. B.Raisetheawareness. C.Issueenvironmentallaws.【答案】11.C12.B13.A【解析】【原文】W:Thereareusedtobemorethan20,000tigersinIndia.Buttodaytherearefewerthan2000left.WhyisthisSimon?M:Well,wehavemanagedtodealwiththehunters.Butamuchgreaterproblemisthatbeautyproductspaniesaremakingaspecialproductinlargequantities.W:Doesthisproductefromtigers?M:No,buttherockstheproductismadefromarefoundintheTigerslastnaturalhabitat.Thishabitatisbeingdestroyed.W:Isee,sohowseriousistheproblem.M:Ipredictthatwithin10years,theIndianTigerwilldisappearforever.W:Butsurelythetigerscouldbemovedtoareserve.Aren'ttheyprotectedbyenvironmentallaws?M:Yes,theycertainlyare.Butlargeareasinforestaredestroyedtomakewayfortheminingoperations.W:SowhatdoyouthinkcanbedonetosavetheTigers?M:I’mnotsure.Butatleastminingoperationsneedtoberestrictedbeforeit'stoolate.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】14.WhydoesDonaldstartworkingatearlyage?A.Toacquirevariousskills.B.Tohelpsupporthisfamily.C.Tobefinanciallyindependent.15.WhoisRobert?A.Donald’sfather. B.Donald’sbrother. C.Donald’sson.16.WhatdoesDonaldthinkaboutchildrendoinghousework?A.Hebelievesit’sbeneficialfortheirwellbeing.B.Hethinksit’sjustawasteoftimeforchildren.C.Hefeelsthatchildrenshouldfocusontheirstudiesinstead.17.HowdoesDonaldviewhisfather?A.Asastrictdisciplinarian. B.Assomeoneunimportant. C.Asarolemodelandhero.【答案】14.B15.B16.A17.C【解析】【原文】W:Weleback.Now,wecontinueourtalkwithDonaldKeith.So,Donald,inyournewbook,yousaidyoustarteddoingfarmworkatseven,helpingatagroceryat10anddrivingatruckat14.Childrenaren’tallowedtodosuchthingsanymore.Doyouthinkthat’samistakeM:Well,Ilearnedinahurry.Becausemyfamilyneededmyhelp.Iwasdaddy’sonlysonatthattime.Robertcame15yearsafterIdid.Itwasduringthedepressionyearswhenanyinewashelpful.Today,thingsaredifferent.W:Doyouthinkthoughthatweunderestimateourchildrennow?Weseemtotreatthemaschildrenforaverylongtime.M:Ithinkso.Sharingsomehouseworkshouldbegoodforthehealthygrowthofourchildren.W:Yourfatheremergesasapowerfulhumanbeingthroughoutyourbook.Wouldyouliketotalkmoreabouthim?M:Daddywasmyheroinmanyways,anddeservedlyso.Hewasagreatfarmer,asuccessfulbusinessman,aswellasanexcellentbaseballcoach.Whatevermydaddydid,waswhatIwantedtodosomeday.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】18.WhatdoesAlicedoinFrance?A.Shootingafilm. B.Visitingrelatives. C.Learningarts.19.WhatisspecialabouttheGarcia'shouse?A.Itsgoodlocation. B.Itslonghistory. C.Itsmodernitywithglassdoors.20.Whatisthepurposeofthespeaker?A.Toremendheracmodation.B.Tointroducetwoextraordinaryartists.C.Toshareheruniquelearningexperiences.【答案】18.C19.B20.C【解析】【原文】W:Hieveryone!ThisisAlice,Ican’tbelievethatI’mactuallyhereinFrance.Therearesixstudentsinmyclass,we’restayinginthehomeofaFrenchcoupleintheJuramountains.Mr.andMrs.Garciaareartists.Andtheyteachanartclassjustforuseverymorning.I’mlearningsomewonderfulpaintingtechniques.Laterintheday,wevisitlocalvillagesandpaintwhatwesee.Thehousewearestayinginissolovely.Mrs.Garcia’sfamilybuiltitinthe18thcentury.I'veneverseenanythinglikeit.Itlookslikesomethingfromafilm.It'sverylarge,andalltheroomshaveglassdoors.Ispendalotoftimeinthegardeninfrontofthehouse.Ithasbeemyfavoriteplace,becauseit’ssoquiet.SometimesIjustsitthereforhourstillthesunsets.I’veneverhadanexperiencelikethis.第二部分：阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhichfruitpersonalityareyou?Intheworkplace,wehavetobeabletodealwithpeoplewhoaren’tlikeus.Noonewillchangeforyou,soyoujusthavetorespecttheirdifferences.Whenidentifyingpersonalitytypes,Iliketotalkintermsoffruit.Nobodyisjustonefruit,butweallhaveapreference.Andwetendtoemphasizeourtoptwo,especiallyunderpressure.Herearesomefruitpersonalitiesandhowbesttodealwiththem.TypesIntroduction&ManagementApple:HardCoreAppletypesaredirectanddon’tsufferfools.Theyarefast,logicalthinkerswholovetowinandhatetolosecontrol.They’llgetaresultatanycost,butseeconflictassport.1.Alwaysstanduptothem.2.Gettothepoint.3.Don’ttakeitpersonally.4.Watchandlearnfromthem.Mango:JuicyandMessyMangotypeslovelifeandcan’taffordtomissaminute.Theylovevarietybecausetheytendtobeeasilydistractedandnaturallyrulebreakers.1.Talkbigpicture,avoiddetails.2.Givethemfalsedeadlines.3.Don’tmicromanage.Lemon:ConcentratedLemontypeslovestructureandorder.Theyareworrierswholikesecurityandpredictability.Theyexcelatspottinggapsinaplan.Buttoomanyrulescanalsobefrustrating.1.Respecttheirneedforspace.2.Don’tsurprisethem.3.Listenwithrespect.4.Showyourpace.Banana:SweetandGentleBananatypesenjoypeaceandshyawayfromconflicts.Theyarekindtoreacttoothers’requests.However,whentheyaretooacmodating,theycanbeseenasindecisive.1.Don’tpressurethem,motivate.2.Createapositiveenvironment.3.Encourageregularfeedback.4.Benicetothem.21.WhatdopeopleofMangoandLemonpersonalitieshaveinmon?A.Theybothpreferprivatespaceandspecificdeadlines.B.Theybothdislikebeingrestrictedbyexcessiverules.C.Theybothserveasgoodicebreakersoftheworkplace.D.Theybothneedregularfeedbackandbeingmotivated.22.WhoprobablyfavorstheBananaPersonality?A.Jack,aninnovativethinkerwhoiswillingtofacechallenges.B.Adam,abrilliantplannerwhoalwaysstickstohisdailyroutines.C.Nancy,apatientworkerwhoprioritizesharmoniousrelationships.D.Robin,anopenmindedleaderwhoadvocatesthevalueofdiversity.23.Wherecanthepassageprobablybefound?A.Inanacademicpaper. B.Inanentertainmentbook.C.Inabookreview. D.Inapsychologymagazine.【答案】21.B22.C23.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种水果类型的人格的特点。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Mango部分中“Theylovevarietybecausetheytendtobeeasilydistractedandnaturallyrulebreakers.(他们喜欢变化，因为他们很容易分心，天生就会打破常规)”以及Lemon部分中“Buttoomanyrulescanalsobefrustrating.(但是太多的规则也会让其沮丧)”可知，芒果型人格和柠檬型人格的人都不喜欢被过多的规定所限制。故选B。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Banana部分中“Bananatypesenjoypeaceandshyawayfromconflicts.(香蕉型的人喜欢和平，回避冲突)”可知，南希，一个耐心的员工，优先考虑和谐的关系是香蕉型人格。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whenidentifyingpersonalitytypes,Iliketotalkintermsoffruit.Nobodyisjustonefruit,butweallhaveapreference.Andwetendtoemphasizeourtoptwo,especiallyunderpressure.Herearesomefruitpersonalitiesandhowbesttodealwiththem.(在识别人格类型时，我喜欢用水果来描述。没有人只是一种水果，但我们都有自己的偏好。我们倾向于强调我们的前两个，尤其是在压力下。以下是一些水果的个性，以及如何最好地处理它们)”结合文章主要介绍了四种水果类型的人格的特点。可知，这篇文章可能出现在心理学杂志上。故选D。BMathematicshasanimageproblem:toomanypeoplestumbleoveritandconcludethatthesubjectisjustnotforthem.ButthecoreproblemsIsupposeishowmathsispresentedascoldanddry.Ihaveadifferentapproachwhichistorelateabstractmathstoquestionsofpoliticsandsocialjustice.Ihavetaughtfairlymathsphobicartstudentsinthiswayandhaveseentheirattitudestransformed.Theynowembracemathsandevenbelieveitcangenuinelyassistthem.Atabasiclevel,mathsisfoundedonlogic,sowhenIamteachinglogic,Iuseexamplesfromcontemporaryeventsratherthantheoldfashionedtypeofproblem.Insteadofstudyingthelogicofastatementlike“alldogshavefourlegs”,Imightdiscussthestatementlike“___________”.However,ratherthanstickingtothistypeofdrymathematicalexample,Iintroduceissueslikeprivilegeandwealth—Ifsomeonehasahigherstatus,aretheyautomaticallywealthier?Wecanalsoaskaboutworkinghoursandine:ifsomeoneworksmorehours,dotheynecessarilyearnmore?Theanswerisclearlynot.Myapproachiscontroversialbecause,traditionally,mathsissupposedtobeneutral.Ihavebeencriticizedbypeopleclaimingmyapproachwillbeannoyingtothosewhodon’tcareaboutsocialjustice.However,thedryapproachisalsooffputtingtothosewhodocare.Sometimes,suchsocietyorientedquestionsmaybenefitthewellroundeddevelopmentofthestudents.Infact,Ibelievethatallacademicdisciplinesshouldaddressourmostimportantissues.Idon’tdemandthatstudentsagreewithmeaboutpolitics,butIdoaskthattheyconstructthoroughargumentstobackuptheirthoughtsanddevelopthecrucialabilitytoanalyzethelogicofpeopletheydisagreewith.Mathsisn’tjustaboutnumbersandequations(方程式);itisaboutstudyingdifferentlogicalsystems.Wecanapplyittoballsrollingdowndifferenthills,butwecanalsoapplyittopressingsocialissues.Ithinkweshoulddoboth,forthesakeofsocietyandtobemoreinclusivetowardsdifferenttypesofstudentsinmathseducation.24.Whatistheauthor’smainargumentontheteachingofmathematics?A.Mathematicsshouldbetakenmoreseriously.B.Thetraditionalapproachneedstoberevised.C.Afocusonrealworldapplicationsisproposed.D.Studentsshouldhavetheirpersonalizedmethods.25.Whichofthefollowingcanbethelikelystatementinthethirdparagraph?A.Allcatsaremammals. B.Nohardworkersarelosers.C.Allimmigrantsareillegal. D.Nostudentslikemathematics.26.Howdoestheauthorrespondtothecriticism?A.Hepromisesbyemphasizinghisteachinggoals.B.Hedismissesitasirrelevanttohisteachingapproach.C.Headmitsthatmathsshouldbenonpoliticalandsolelyfocusonnumbers.DHesuggestssocialissuediscussionbeessentialforprehensiveeducation.27.Whatskilldoestheauthorhopehisstudentsshouldgain?A.Quickandaccurateequationsolving.B.Usingmathconceptsacrossvariousfields.C.Craftinglogicalargumentsfortheirperspectives.D.Workingtogethertobuildamoreinclusivesociety.【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者对于数学教学的新颖观点，即将数学与现实生活中的政治和社会公正问题相结合，以此来吸引学生的兴趣并提高他们的逻辑分析能力。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Ihaveadifferentapproachwhichistorelateabstractmathstoquestionsofpoliticsandsocialjustice.”（我有一种不同的方法，即将抽象的数学与政治和社会公正问题相结合。）可知，作者主张需要改变传统的数学教学方法。故选B。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Atabasiclevel,mathsisfoundedonlogic,sowhenIamteachinglogic,Iuseexamplesfromcontemporaryeventsratherthantheoldfashionedtypeofproblem.Insteadofstudyingthelogicofastatementlike“alldogshavefourlegs”,Imightdiscussthestatementlike”（在基本层面上，数学是建立在逻辑的基础上的，所以当我教逻辑时，我用当代事件的例子，而不是老式的问题。）可知，作者会用当代事件的例子，而不是老式的问题；结合下文“Iintroduceissueslikeprivilegeandwealth—Ifsomeonehasahigherstatus,aretheyautomaticallywealthier?Wecanalsoaskaboutworkinghoursandine:ifsomeoneworksmorehours,dotheynecessarilyearnmore?

”（我介绍了特权和财富之类的问题——如果一个人的地位更高，他们就会自然而然地更富有吗？我们还可以问关于工作时间和收入的问题：如果某人工作时间更长，他们是否就一定赚得更多？）可知，作者会介绍一些社会性问题；由此可知，C选项“所有移民都是非法的”符合语境。故选C。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Ihavebeencriticizedbypeopleclaimingmyapproachwillbeannoyingtothosewhodon’tcareaboutsocialjustice.However,thedryapproachisalsooffputtingtothosewhodocare.Sometimes,suchsocietyorientedquestionsmaybenefitthewellroundeddevelopmentofthestudents.”（有人批评我，认为我的方法会让那些不关心社会公正的人感到烦恼。然而，枯燥的方法也会让那些关心社会公正的人感到反感。有时，这样的社会性问题可能有利于学生的全面发展。）可推知，作者认为讨论社会问题对于全面教育是必要的。故选D。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Idon’tdemandthatstudentsagreewithmeaboutpolitics,butIdoaskthattheyconstructthoroughargumentstobackuptheirthoughtsanddevelopthecrucialabilitytoanalyzethelogicofpeopletheydisagreewith.”（我不要求学生在政治上同意我，但我要求他们构建完整的论据来支持他们的思想，并发展分析他们不同意的人的逻辑的关键能力。）可推知，作者希望他的学生能够形成自己的观点，并能够用逻辑来支持自己的观点。故选C。CTheMonaLisaisthefamousLeonardodaVincipaintingofawomanwithamysterioussmile.Thisweek,thewomanpartedherlipstowhisperanancientsecret.ScientistsusingXraystoexaminethechemicalstructureofasmallpartofthepaintingdiscoveredatechniqueLeonardousedinthework.Anoilpaintusedforitwasaspecial,newchemicalmixture,whichsuggeststhattheItalianartistwasinanexperimentalmoodwhenheworkedonthepaintinginthe16thcentury.“Helovedtoexperiment,andeachofhispaintingsispletelydifferenttechnically,”saidVictorGonzalez,achemistwhohasstudiedthechemicalelementofseveralworksbyLeonardoandotherartists.Theresearchersfoundarareleadpound(铅化合物)—plumbonacrite,inLeonardo’sfirstlayerofpaint.ThediscoveryprovedthatdaVincimostlikelyusedleadoxidetothickenandhelpdryhispaint.Thepaintinthestudyisaboutthethicknessofahumanhair,lyinginthetoprightareaofthepainting.Thescientistslookedintoitsatomic(原子的)structureusingXrays,movingparticlesatthespeedoflight,permittingresearcherstolookdeeperintothepaintstructure.“Plumbonacriteisreallyafingerprintofhisrecipe,asit’sthefirsttimewecanchemicallyconfirmit,”Gonzalezsaid.Rembrandt,theDutchmaster,mayhaveemployedasimilarblendinhis17thcenturypaintings.Gonzalezandfellowresearchershavealsodetectedplumbonacriteinhisart.It’sbelievedthatLeonardousedleadoxidepowder,whichhasanorangecolor,tothickenhisoilpaintandspeedupdrying.“Whatyouwillgetisanoilthathasaverynicegoldencolor,”Gonzalezsaid.“Itflowsmorelikehoney.”ButtheMonaLisa—saidbytheLouvretobeaportrait(肖像)ofLisaGherardini,thewifeofaFlorentinesilkbusinessman—There’smoretohergazethanmeetstheeye.“Whatwearesayingisjustalittlebrickintheknowledge,”Gonzalezsaid.28.WhattechniquediddaVincipotentiallyuseintheMonaLisa?A.TheemploymentoftailoredXrays. B.Theapplicationofarareleadpound.C.Aspecialmixtureofoilpaints. D.Theuniversaluseofatomicstructures.29.WhatdoestheuseofplumbonacritesuggestaboutLeonardo’spaintingapproach?A.Willingnesstoexperiment. B.Givingprioritytoconventions.C.Technicallyidenticaloutput. D.Concentrationonpaintdrying.30.WhatisGonzalez’sattitudetowardstheuseofleadoxidepowder?A.Dismissive. B.Objective. C.Doubtful. D.Favorable.31.WhatcanweinferabouttheMonaLisafromthelastparagraph?A.Itstillholdssecretsyettobeuncovered.B.Itechoestherealitiesoftheworldlylife.C.It’saperfectbinationofoldandnew.D.ItservesasthekeytounderstandingLeonardo.【答案】28.B29.A30.D31.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家通过X射线检查《蒙娜丽莎》的部分化学结构，发现了达芬奇在作品中使用的一种技术。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Theresearchersfoundarareleadpound(铅化合物)—plumbonacrite,inLeonardo’sfirstlayerofpaint.ThediscoveryprovedthatdaVincimostlikelyusedleadoxidetothickenandhelpdryhispaint.”（研究人员在达·芬奇的第一层画作中发现了一种罕见的铅化合物——plumbonacrite。这一发现证明，达芬奇很可能使用了氧化铅来增稠和干燥他的颜料）可知，达芬奇在《蒙娜丽莎》中可能使用了一种罕见的铅化合物。故选B项。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Helovedtoexperiment,andeachofhispaintingsispletelydifferenttechnically”（他喜欢实验，他的每一幅画在技术上都完全不同）可知，达芬奇喜欢实验，故选A。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段““Whatyouwillgetisanoilthathasaverynicegoldencolor,”Gonzalezsaid.“Itflowsmorelikehoney.””（“你会得到一种非常漂亮的金色的油，”Gonzalez说，“它流动起来更像蜂蜜。”）可知，Gonzalez对使用氧化铅粉末的态度是支持的。故选D。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Whatwearesayingisjustalittlebrickintheknowledge,”Gonzalezsaid.”（Gonzalez说：“我们所说的只是知识中的一小块。”）可推知，《蒙娜丽莎》仍然有待揭示的秘密。故选A。DDoyoueverfindyourselfrandomlythinkingbacktothetimeswewandered,collectingwildflowersandsmilingbeneaththesky?Thatfeelingisoftenreferredtoasnostalgia(怀旧).Psychologistshavedefinednostalgiaasaselfconscious,socialemotion,bittersweetbutdominantlypositive.Itesfromourhappymemoriesandourdesiretogobacktothepastandreconnectwiththepeoplewecaredabout.Often,nostalgiainvolvessensorystimuli.Onsomeoccasions,thesmellofautumnleavesmightgenerateafiercelongingforyourchildhoodhome.Almosteveryonecanexperiencenostalgia,althoughitsobjecttendstovarythroughoutlife.OnesurveyconductedbythepsychologistKrystineIreneBatchofoundthatyoungerpeoplefeltmorenostalgiaforpets,toys,andholidaysthandidolderpeople,whofeltitmorestronglyformusic.Incontrasttoitslinkstonegativeemotions,nostalgiadoesn’tmakeussadder.Rather,nostalgiaisadefensiveresponsetounhappiness,onethatbringsrelieffromanegativemood.Researchfrom2006showsthatnostalgiacanactuallystrengthensocialties,improveselfesteem,andupliftourmood.Otherstudiessuggestthatitcanalsoenhanceourviewoflife’smeaning,reducefearofdeath,boostspirituality,andincreaseoptimism.Scholarsremainuncertainabouttheprecisemechanismbehindtheeffectivenessofnostalgia;however,somesuggestthatreflectingonjoyfulmemoriesstrengthensoursenseofselfworthandbelonging,particularlyduringtimesoflonelinessorselfdoubt.Itspowerletsthehappinessofthepastoverethecurrentunpleasantness,offeringabitofescapefromtoughtimes.Toformstrongerconnections,wecanestablishtraditionsaroundsharedpastexperiencesinfamilies,friendgroups,andworkplaces.Observingspecialoccasionslikechildhoodsportsorpostcollegemeetupscangiveussomethingtolookforwardto.Perhapsbecauseitissopowerfulandplex,nostalgiahasreceivedmagicaltreatmentfrompoetsandwriters.“Thepastishiddensomewhereoutsidetherealm(领域),beyondthereachofintellect,”MarcelProustwrote.32.Whydoestheauthormention“autumnleaves”inthesecondparagraph?A.Toillustratetheplexityofnostalgia.B.Toemphasizethejoyfulnatureofnostalgia.C.Toclarifynostalgia’sconnectiontooursenses.D.Tostressindividualvarietyofexperiencingnostalgia.33.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Themismatchbetweentwofindings.B.Thepotentialbenefitsofnostalgia.C.Theimpactofnostalgiaonpersonalmood.D.Themechanismsbehindnostalgia’seffects.34.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestusdoinparagraph4?A.Createsharedtraditionsforbondingandjoy. B.Recordthesocialgatheringsregularly.C.Recognizetheunnecessarysocialgatherings. D.Saynototheconceptofescapism.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Nostalgia:WhyWeShouldAvoidReflectingonthePastB.Nostalgia:AShelterAgainsttheUnhappinessofOurLifeC.ANostalgiaWarning:OurMentalHealthBeingAttackedD.PowerofNostalgia:StrugglingforanIrreplaceablePresent【答案】32.C33.B34.A35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了怀旧的定义、产生原因、影响以及我们应如何利用怀旧来增强社交关系和自我价值感。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Often,nostalgiainvolvessensorystimuli.Onsomeoccasions,thesmellofautumnleavesmightgenerateafiercelongingforyourchildhoodhome.”（怀旧通常涉及感官刺激。有时候，秋天的树叶的气味可能会引发对你儿时家的强烈思念。）可知，作者提到“秋天的树叶”是为了说明怀旧与我们的感官的联系。故选C。【33题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段内容“Incontrasttoitslinkstonegativeemotions,nostalgiadoesn’tmakeussadder.Rather,nostalgiaisadefensiveresponsetounhappiness,onethatbringsrelieffromanegativemood.Researchfrom2006showsthatnostalgiacanactuallystrengthensocialties,improveselfesteem,andupliftourmood.Otherstudiessuggestthatitcanalsoenhanceourviewoflife’smeaning,reducefearofdeath,boostspirituality,andincreaseoptimism.”（与它与负面情绪的联系相反，怀旧并不会让我们更悲伤。更确切地说，怀旧是对不快乐的一种防御反应，它能让你从消极情绪中解脱出来。2006年的研究表明，怀旧实际上可以加强社会联系，提高自尊，提升我们的情绪。其他研究表明，它还可以增强我们对生命意义的看法，减少对死亡的恐惧，提升精神，增加乐观情绪。），可以看出这一段主要讲述了怀旧的潜在好处，如增强社交关系、提高自尊、提升我们的心情等。故选B。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Toformstrongerconnections,wecanestablishtraditionsaroundsharedpastexperiencesinfamilies,friendgroups,andworkplaces.Observingspecialoccasionslikechildhoodsportsorpostcollegemeetupscangiveussomethingtolookforwardto.”（为了形成更强的联系，我们可以在家庭、朋友圈和工作场所建立围绕共享过去经历的传统。）可推知，作者建议我们创建共享的传统以增强联系和快乐。故选A。【35题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容以及第四段“Scholarsremainuncertainabouttheprecisemechanismbehindtheeffectivenessofnostalgia;however,somesuggestthatreflectingonjoyfulmemoriesstrengthensoursenseofselfworthandbelonging,particularlyduringtimesoflonelinessorselfdoubt.Itspowerletsthehappinessofthepastoverethecurrentunpleasantness,offeringabitofescapefromtoughtimes.”（学者们仍然不确定怀旧效应背后的确切机制；然而，一些人认为，回忆快乐的记忆可以增强我们的自我价值感和归属感，尤其是在孤独或自我怀疑的时候。它的力量可以让过去的快乐克服当前的不愉快，为艰难时期提供一点逃避。），文章主要讲述了怀旧的定义、产生原因、影响以及我们应如何利用怀旧来增强社交关系和自我价值感，因此B选项“怀旧：我们生活中的避难所”最能概括全文内容。故选B。第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Imagineyoubuyanewshirtanddonotintendtobuyanewjacket.Youwereperfectlyhappywithituntilyouworeitwiththenewshirt.However,youimaginethatthenewshirtmakestheoldjacketlookworn.Thenyoucan’thelpbuyanewjacketorevenmoretobetterfittheshirt._____36_____Thesimplestdescriptionofitisthescenarioofbuyingsomethingnewandreplacingouroldpossessionswithitemstomatchthenewone,evenifthatmeansanemptybankaccount._____37_____Beeawareitishappening.Observewhenyouarebeingdrawnintoconsumptionnotbecauseyouareinactualneedofanitem,butonlybecausesomethingnewhasbeenintroduced._____38_____Astoremaybehavingagreatsaleonanewoutfit—butifthenewoutfitforcesyoutobuyanewpairofshoesorhandbagtomatch,itjustbecameamoreexpensivepurchasethanoriginallyassumed.Avoidunnecessarynewpurchases.RealizetheDiderotEffectisasignificantforceandoveringitisverydifficult.Youmayavoidreplacingthoseendtablesatfirst,buteventually,atsomepointdowntheroad,youaregoingtobreakdownandbuynewonesthatbettermatchthenewcouch._____39_____ButthebestwaytooveretheDiderotEffectistoneverallowittooverpoweryouinthefirstplace.Remindyourselfthatpossessionsdonotdefineyou._____40_____Yourpossessionsdonotdefineyouoryoursuccess—nomatterwhatmarketerswilltrytotellyou.A.Analyzeandpredictthefullcostoffuturepurchases.B.Buythingsfortheirusefulnessratherthantheirstatus.C.Weactuallycanemploythismindtrickinthefollowingways.D.Thetrueabundanceoflifeisnotfoundinthethingsthatyouown.E.Thenhowcanweresistthispatternofunnecessaryconsumerism?F.Thephenomenoncanbeowedtothesocalled“DiderotEffect”.G.Therearetimeswhenwehaveaproperneedtobuynewthings,admittedly.【答案】36.F37.E38