江苏省东台市高二上学期期末英语试卷

20232024学年度第一学期期末学业水平考试高二英语注意事项:1.本试卷考试时间为120分钟,试卷150分,考试形式为闭卷。2.本试卷中所有试题必须作答在答题卡上规定的位置,否则不给分。3.答题前,务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、座号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡上。第一部分听力（共两节,满分20分）做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。第一节（共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhyisMikesounhappy?A.Hefailedoneofhisexams.B.Heisupsetaboutothers.C.Heisworriedaboutphysics.2.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeel?A.Happy.B.Nervous.C.Disappointed.3.Whoisthewomanspeakingto?A.Abankclerk.B.Atourguide.C.Acustomsofficer.4.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Annleftheretwoyearsago.B.Thewomanhascoveredalongway.C.Themanhaslivedherefortwoyears.5.Whatwillthemanprobablydotomorrow?A.Stayathome.B.Dosomeshopping.C.Takeaninterview.第二节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inanoffice.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inanapartment.7.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Gotowork.B.Havedinner.C.Visitthewoman'sboss.听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。8.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Bossandworker.B.Waitressandcustomer.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.9.Whendidthemangetexperienceofdesign?A.Whenhewasatcollege.B.WhenheworkedatFashionCentral.C.Whenhestudiedputerprogramming.10.Whatdoesthejobinvolve?A.MovingtoFrance.B.Doingsometraveling.C.Workingatweekends.听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthemandoing?A.Checkingout.B.Bookingaroom.C.Rentingacar.12.Howmuchshouldthemanpayforrentingthecar?A.¥200.B.¥500.C.¥600.13.Wheredidthemangolastnight?A.Toaconcert.B.Tothebeach.C.Toashoppingmall.听第9段材料,回答第14至16题。14.Whatisthetestabout?A.Whetherclassicalmusiccanbenefitone'sintelligence.B.WhetherBeethovenhadahigherIQthanmonpeople.C.WhetherstudentsarewillingtolistentoBeethoven.15.HowmanystudentslistenedtoBeethoven'sinthetest?A.25.B.50.C.100.16.Howdoesthemanfeelabouttheresults?A.Bored.B.Excited.C.Surprised.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.Whydidthespeakergiveuptheideaofbeingachocolatetester?A.Itisadangerousjob.B.Itishardtobeprofessional.C.Hehadtotakemoreresponsibility.18.Whatmadethespeakerwanttobeeafootballreferee?A.Thesalary.B.Thehobby.C.Thetraining.19.WhatcanSpottybe?A.Adog.B.Astylist.C.Adoctor.20.Whydidthespeakerdecidetobeeajournalist?A.Hewantedtoearnmuchmoney.B.Hewasgoodatgatheringinformation.C.Hewasexperiencedinresearching.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMusicFestivalsYouNeedtoAttendTomorrowland(July2130)Tomorrowlandisknownasoneofthelargestifnotthelargest,EDMmusicfestivalsintheworld.LocatedatDeSchorreProvincialRecreationalParkinBoom,Belgium,thefestivalisaoneofakindexperience.VisitorsaresurroundedbybeautifullycraftedstageswhilelisteningtoalloftheirfavoriteDJs.It’llbeaparty,andmostdefinitelyafuntime.Glastonbury(June2226)Itmaybecloudyandrainyformostoftheyear,butEnglandshinesbrightwhenit’stimeforGlastonbury.Notonlydoesthisfestivalhavesomeofthebestmusicians,italsohasdanceperformances,edy,theatrics,andmore.There’snoneedtoworryaboutbeingtoohotbecauseEnglandhasthebestsummerweatherforeventslikethis.ArtistsincludingEltonJohn,ArcticMonkeys,LanaDelRey,andWizkidareallonthelineup(阵容)thisyear.OutsideLands(August1113)WithSanFranciscoasitsbackdrop(背景幕布),OutsideLandsisalwaysapopularfestival.Therearealwayssomefamousfacesinthecrowds,andinyearspastwehaveseenVanessaHudgensandKimKardashian.Thisyear,thelineupisincrediblystrong,featuringMeganTheeStallion,LanaDelRey,LilYachty,MaggieRogers,andsomanyothers.Mysteryland(August2528)ThisisafestivalfortheEDMloversoutthere.TheNetherlandshostsMysterylandeachyear,bringinginallofthetopDJsandartistsfromaroundtheworld.Thefestivalisthefirstofitskindinthecountry,soit’sauniqueexperienceforeveryoneinvolved.Bringyourraveenergybecausethisfestivalisn’tforjustanyone.1.Whichmusicfestivalbeginstheearliest?A.Tomorrowland. B.Mysteryland. C.OutsideLands. D.Glastonbury.2.Whowillperformattwoofthefestivals?A.LanaDelRey. B.MeganTheeStallion. C.MaggieRogers. D.EltonJohn.3.WhatdoTomorrowlandandMysterylandhaveinmon?A.They’rebothheldonceayear.B.They’rebothattractivetoEDMlovers.C.They’reboththefirstofitskindinthecountry.D.They’reboththelargestmusicfestivalsinthecountry.【答案】1.D2.A3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个音乐节的具体信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“Tomorrowland(July2130)”及“Glastonbury(June2226)”及“OutsideLands(August1113)”及“Mysteryland(August2528)”可知，四个音乐节分别开始于7.21,6.22,8.11和8.25，可知，Glastonbury开始得最早。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“ArtistsincludingEltonJohn,ArcticMonkeys,LanaDelRey,andWizkidareallonthelineupthisyear.”（包括EltonJohn,ArcticMonkeys,LanaDelRey,andWizkid在内的艺术家都在今年的演出阵容中。）及第三段最后一句“Thisyear,thelineupisincrediblystrong,featuringMeganTheeStallion,LanaDelRey,LilYachty,MaggieRogers,andsomanyothers.”（今年，阵容非常强大，包括MeganTheeStallion,LanaDelRey,LilYachty,MaggieRogers和其他许多人。）可知，LanaDelRey会出席两场音乐节。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Tomorrowlandisknownasoneofthelargest,ifnotthelargest,EDMmusicfestivalsintheworld.”（Tomorrowland被认为是世界上最大的EDM音乐节之一。）及第四段第一句“ThisisafestivalfortheEDMloversoutthere.”（这是EDM爱好者的节日。）可知，这两音乐节都会吸引EDM爱好者。故选B项。BEverytimeyourfingerstouchyourcellphone,theyleavebehindtracesofchemicals.Andeachchemicalofferscluestoyouandyouractivities.Byanalyzingthem.scientistsmightbeabletopiecetogetherastoryaboutyourrecentlife,anewstudyfinds.Amoleculeisagroupofatoms.Itrepresentsthesmallestamountofsomechemical.Yourskiniscoveredinmoleculespickedupbyeverythingyou’vetouched.Witheachnewthingyourskincontacts,youleavebehindsomesmallshareofwhatit’dtouchedearlier.ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia.SanDiego(UCSD)recentlyanalyzedsuchchemicalleftoversonthephonesof39volunteers.ThestudywasledbybiochemistAminaBouslimani.Toexplorethoseremains,theUCSDteamwipedthesurfaceofeachvolunteer’sphonewithacottonswab(药棉签).Thescientistsalsoswabbedeachperson’srighthand.Thentheresearchersparedthechemicalsfoundoneachcellphone.Thescientistsdiscoveredasmanyofthemoleculesastheycould.Theythenparedthesetoadatabaseofchemicals.PieterDorrestein.aUCSDpharmaceuticalchemist,hadhelpedsetupthatdatabaseafewyearsearlier,whichcontainsvarioussubstances,includingspices,caffeineandmedicines.Tracesofanywherefromhundredstothousandsofdifferentmoleculesturneduponeachphone.Themoleculesreflectedwhathadbeeninthebody,andwhateachpersonhadhandledbeforetouchingthephone.Fromallthesemolecules,Bouslimanisays.“Wecouldtellifapersonislikelyfemale,useshighendcosmetics,dyesherhair,drinkscoffee,prefersbeeroverwineorlikesspicyfood.”Policealreadyusemolecularanalysestolookfortracesofexplosivesorillegaldrugs.Todate,Dorresteinsays.he’sneverheardofpoliceusingphoneremainstonarrowdownbehavioralcluestosearchforasuspect.Butdetectivesmightonedayusesuchdatatotrackdownsomeonewholeftaphonebehindatacrimescene.4Whatcanweconcludeabouttheuserbyanalyzingtheleftoversonthephone?A.Personality. B.Intelligence. C.Appearance. D.Lifestyle.5.Whatwasthefirstthingneededtobedoneforthestudy?A.paringdifferentchemicals. B.Hiringvolunteerswithcellphones.C.Buildingadatabasecontainingchemicals. D.Collectingthechemicalsfromphones.6.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheapplicationoftheresearchfinding?A.Uninterested. B.Disappointed. C.Doubtful. D.Positive.7.Whatshouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.FingersLeaveCluesaboutYouonYourPhoneB.YourPhoneMayBeHometoVariousChemicalsC.MoleculesAreUsedtoSearchforIllegalDrugsD.CellPhonesWillbeUsedinMoreFields【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了通过研究上留下微量的化学物质，我们可以得出用户的生活方式，手指在上留下关于你的线索。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Everytimeyourfingerstouchyourcellphone,theyleavebehindtracesofchemicals.Andeachchemicalofferscluestoyouandyouractivities.Byanalyzingthem.scientistsmightbeabletopiecetogetherastoryaboutyourrecentlife,anewstudyfinds.”（每次你的手指触摸，都会留下微量的化学物质。每种化学物质都为你和你的活动提供线索。一项新的研究发现，通过分析它们，科学家们可能能够拼凑出一个关于你最近生活的故事。）可推知，通过研究上的残留物，我们可以得出用户的生活方式。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Thescientistsdiscoveredasmanyofthemoleculesastheycould.Theythenparedthesetoadatabaseofchemicals.PieterDorrestein,aUCSDpharmaceuticalchemist,hadhelpedsetupthatdatabaseafewyearsearlier.whichcontainsvarioussubstances.includingspices.caffeineandmedicines.”（科学家们发现了尽可能多的分子。然后，他们将这些数据与化学物质数据库进行了比较。加州大学圣地亚哥分校的药物化学家PieterDorrestein在几年前帮助建立了这个数据库，其中包含各种物质，包括香料、咖啡因和药物。）可推知，研究人员要做的第一件事是建立包含化学物质的数据库。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Policealreadyusemolecularanalysestolookfortracesofexplosivesorillegaldrugs.Todate,Dorresteinsays,he’sneverheardofpoliceusingphoneresiduestonarrowdownbehavioralcluestosearchforasuspect.Butdetectivesmightonedayusesuchdatatotrackdownsomeonewholeftaphonebehindatacrimescene.”（警方已经使用分子分析来寻找爆炸物或非法毒品的痕迹。Dorrestein说，到目前为止，他从未听说过警察利用残留物来缩小搜索嫌疑人的行为线索。但侦探可能有一天会使用这些数据来追踪在犯罪现场留下的人。）可推知，作者对于研究发现的应用持积极的态度。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Everytimeyourfingerstouchyourcellphone,theyleavebehindtracesofchemicals.Andeachchemicalofferscluestoyouandyouractivities.Byanalyzingthem,scientistsmightbeabletopiecetogetherastoryaboutyourrecentlife,anewstudyfinds.”（每次你的手指触摸，都会留下微量的化学物质。每种化学物质都为你和你的活动提供线索。一项新的研究发现，通过分析它们，科学家们可能能够拼凑出一个关于你最近生活的故事。）可知，文章主要讲的是通过研究上的残留物，我们可以得到用户的一些信息。故文章最好的标题是“手指在上留下关于你的线索”。故选A项。CIsboredomathingofthepast,likeblackandwhitetelevision?And,ifso,isthatagoodthing?JulieRobinson,aformerteacherwhonowrepresentstheIndependentAssociationofPrepSchools,thinksthatboredomisregardedasanenemyoftoday’schildren,andtheyarelosingtheabilitytobeethoughtfulandreflective(沉思的).“Weshouldnotfearboredom.”saidJulieRobinson.“Boredomisvaluabletochildren.Quiet,reflectivetimeisjustasimportantaspurposefulactivity,”sheadded.Heropinionisthatconstant(连续不断的)activityforachild,oftentheresultofthedreamsofparents,willleadtoconcernedandworryingadult.Thetraditionalideasthatchildrenshouldbeconstantlyactivecouldpreventthedevelopmentoftheirimagination.Soanythingthatimprovesagreaterthoughtfulnessistobewarmlyweled.ParentsnowfeelasenseoffailurewhentheyheartheirchildrenplainaboutbeingboredTheyseekanelectronicdevices(设备)toplaygamesatonce.Andwedidn’tfeelboredduringlongcarjourneysanymorebytheimpatient“Arewethereyet?”becauseallkindsofelectronicdeviceshavebeentakenalongtoavoidevenaminuteofboredom.Sowhatchancedochildrenhavetoallowtheirthoughtstowander?Butit’snotjustchildrenwhoneedlessonsinreflection.Adultsneedthat,too.Onmytrainjourneytoworkthismorning,Icouldn’tseeasinglepersonwhowasn’tusinganelectronicdevice.Noonewassimplylookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviewsofthecountyside.Nottimeforquietthinking,eveninthequietlibrary.Therewereemailstosend,textstoread,andgamestoplay.Thewiderworld,seemingly,didn’texist.Themobilephonehaschangedmanythingsaboutourlives,andhasdevelopedaninability—amongadultsaswellaschildren—toliveinthepresent.WhatJulieRobinsonregardsisacrossgenerationalphenomenon:thefearof“inactivity”.Andsheisright.8.JulieRobinsonthinksboredomisusefulbecauseitmakeschildren_________.A.findeffectivesolutionstosocialproblemsB.improvetheabilitytolearnknowledgeC.havetimetothinkandhavetheirimaginationdevelopedD.municatemorewiththeirparentsandfriends9.Whichofthefollowingisseenas“inactivity”accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Sendingemailsonatrain.B.Playinggameswithfriends.C.Planningconstantactivityforchildren.D.Lookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviews.10.Theauthormentionedthetrainjourneytoshowthat_________.A.thetriponaquiettrainwasveryboringB.theviewofthecountrysidewasbeautifulC.peoplehadtoomuchworktodoD.electronicdevicesinfluencepeople’slifegreatly11.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Bothadultsandchildrenliketostayaloneandrecalltheirpastdays.B.Peoplefailtoleavetheirchildrenenoughtimetothinkandimagine.C.Electronicdevicesarealwaysgoodforbothchildrenandadults.D.Parentsshouldtelltheirchildrenhowtouseamobilephone.【答案】8.C9.D10.D11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了现在人们都使用等电子产品来避免无聊，而作者认为无聊的存在是有其意义的——可以让孩子们在无聊中对一些问题进行思考。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中JulieRobinson说的话“Boredomisvaluabletochildren.Quiet,reflectivetimeisjustasimportantaspurposefulactivity,(无聊对孩子来说是有价值的。安静、沉思的时间和有目的的活动一样重要)”和第三段中“Thetraditionalideasthatchildrenshouldbeconstantlyactivecouldpreventthedevelopmentoftheirimagination.Soanythingthatimprovesagreaterthoughtfulnessistobewarmlyweled.(传统观念认为孩子应该不断活跃，这会阻碍他们想象力的发展。因此，任何能够提高更深思熟虑的事情都会受到热烈欢迎。)”可知，JulieRobinson认为无聊是有用的，因为它能让孩子们有时间思考，且发展他们的想象力。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Onmytrainjourneytoworkthismorning,Icouldn’tseeasinglepersonwhowasn’tusinganelectronicdevice.Noonewassimplylookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviewsofthecountyside.Nottimeforquietthinking,eveninthequietlibrary.

Therewereemailstosend,textstoread,andgamestoplay.Thewiderworld,seemingly,didn’texist.Themobilephonehaschangedmanythingsaboutourlives,andhasdevelopedaninability—amongadultsaswellaschildren—toliveinthepresent.WhatJulieRobinsonregardsisacrossgenerationalphenomenon(现象):thefearof“inactivity”.(今天早上在去上班的火车上，我看不到一个人不使用电子设备。没有人只是简单地向窗外看县城的美景。没有时间安静的思考，即使在安静的图书馆。有邮件要发，有短信要读，有游戏要玩。更广阔的世界，似乎并不存在。已经改变了我们生活中的许多事情，并且已经使成年人和儿童都无法生活在当下。朱莉·罗宾逊认为这是一个跨代现象：对“不活跃”的恐惧。)”可知，“不活跃”现象指的是人们安静的这种状态，即上文提到的无聊现象，如今人们害怕无聊，所以会经常看，或者不间断的做一些打发无聊的事情。由此可推知，D项“望着窗外美丽的景色”被认为是一种“不活跃”现象。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Onmytrainjourneytoworkthismorning,Icouldn’tseeasinglepersonwhowasn’tusinganelectronicdevice.Noonewassimplylookingoutofthewindowatthebeautifulviewsofthecountyside.Nottimeforquietthinking,eveninthequietlibrary.Therewereemailstosend,textstoread,andgamestoplay.Thewiderworld,seemingly,didn’texist.Themobilephonehaschangedmanythingsaboutourlives,andhasdevelopedaninability—amongadultsaswellaschildren—toliveinthepresent.(今天早上在去上班的火车上，我看不到一个人不使用电子设备。没有人只是简单地向窗外看县城的美景。没有时间安静的思考，即使在安静的图书馆。有邮件要发，有短信要读，有游戏要玩。更广阔的世界，似乎并不存在。已经改变了我们生活中的许多事情，并且已经使成年人和儿童都无法生活在当下。)”可推知，作者提到了火车旅行，是为了表明电子设备对人们的生活影响很大。故选D。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Boredomisvaluabletochildren.Quiet,reflectivetimeisjustasimportantaspurposefulactivity,(无聊对孩子来说是有价值的。安静、沉思的时间和有目的的活动一样重要)”和第四段中“Parentsnowfeelasenseoffailurewhentheyheartheirchildrenplainaboutbeingbored.Theyseekanelectronicdevices(设备)toplaygamesatonce.Andwedidn’tfeelboredduringlongcarjourneysanymorebytheimpatient“Arewethereyet?”becauseallkindsofelectronicdeviceshavebeentakenalongtoavoidevenaminuteofboredom.(现在，当父母听到孩子抱怨无聊时，他们会感到一种失败感。他们寻找一种可以立即玩游戏的电子设备。在长途汽车旅行中，我们再也不会因为不耐烦地问“我们到了吗？”而感到无聊，因为各种各样的电子设备已经随身携带，以避免哪怕是一分钟的无聊。)”可知，人们没有给他们的孩子足够的时间去思考和想象。故选B。DThisyear,peoplearoundtheworldarelininguptobuyelectricvehiclesevenaspricesincrease.Electricvehicle,EV,demandhasstayedstrongevenastheaveragecostoflithiumion(锂离子)batterycellsincreasedtoanestimated$160perkilowatthourinthefirstquarterfrom$105lastyear.Costsroseduetosupplyissues,restrictionsonRussianmetalsandinvestorspeculation(投机).ForasmallervehicleliketheHongguangMini,thebestsellingEVinChina,thehigherbatterycostsaddedalmost$1,500,equalto30percentofthelistedprice.ButgasolineanddieselfuelcostshavealsoincreasedsincetheconflictbetweenRussiaandUkraine,andexpertsnotedthatenvironmentalconcernsarealsopushingmorebuyerstochooseEVs.ManufacturersfromTeslatoSAICGMWuling,whichmakestheHongguangMini,havepassedhighercostsontoconsumerswithpriceincreasesforEVs.Moremaybeing.AndyPalmer,chairmanofSlovakEVbatterymakerInoBat,said,“risingcostswillhavetobepassedontocarmakers.”ButEVshoppershavesofarnotsloweddown.WorldwideEVsalesinthefirstquarterjumpednearly120percent,saidthewebsiteEVvolumes.VenkatSrinivasanisdirectoroftheCenterforCollaborativeEnergyStorageScienceattheU.S.government’sArgonneNationalLaboratoryinChicago.Hesaid,“moreandmorepeoplewouldbuyEVsdespitethecostofthebatteryandthevehicle.”Thisincreaseinbatterycostscouldbeanunusualshorttermchangeinasituationinwhichimprovingtechnologyandgrowingproductionhavepushedcostsdownforalmost30years.Industrydatashowedthatthe$105perkilowatthouraveragecostin2021wasdownnearly99percentfromover$7,500in1991.Expertssaybatterycostscouldstayhighforthenextyearorso,butthenanotherlargedropislikelyasbiginvestmentsbyautomakersandsupplierschangethebalancefromshortagetosurplus.“It’slikeabubble(泡沫)andforthatbubbletosettledown,it’sgoingtobeatleasttheendof2023,”saidPrabhakarPatil,aformerLGChemexecutive.Theindustryhaslongbeenawaitingthebatterycellcostof$100perkilowatthour,asasignalEVswerereachingasimilarcosttofossilfuelvehicles.Butwithgasolinepriceshighandconsumerpreferenceschanging,suchcostconsiderationsmaynolongermatterasmuch,expertssay.12.WhydoestheauthormentionHongguangMini?A.Topresentafact. B.Togiveanexample. C.Tointroduceatopic. D.Tomakeanassumption.13.Whatwillpossiblyleadtothedropinbatterycostsinthefuture?A.MoreEVshops. B.Productiongrowth. C.Sufficientsupplies. D.Technologyimprovement.14.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheprospectofEVs?A.Promising. B.Unclear. C.Doubtful. D.Confusing.15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A.AtpresentdemandsforEVsbeatsupply. B.Peopleconcernpricemorewhenbuyingcars.C.EVssellmuchbetterthanfossilfuelvehicles. D.PeoplepreferEVmainlybecauseofconflict.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.A【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。讲述的是由于俄罗斯和乌克兰冲突以及环保问题，汽油和柴油的价格有所上涨，越来越多人选择电动汽车。随着电动汽车电池成本的增加，电动汽车的价格也是水涨船高，即便如此，世界各地的人们仍在排队购买。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“ForasmallervehicleliketheHongguangMini,thebestsellingEVinChina,thehigherbatterycostsaddedalmost$1,500,equalto30percentofthelistedprice.”（对于中国最畅销的电动汽车——红光Mini这样的小型汽车来说，更高的电池成本增加了近1500美元，相当于标价的30%。）可知，此处是承接文章第一段中的“Electricvehicle,EV,demandhasstayedstrongevenastheaveragecostoflithiumion(锂离子)batterycellsincreasedtoanestimated$160perkilowatthourinthefirstquarterfrom$105lastyear.”（尽管第一季度锂离子电池的平均成本从去年的105美元/千瓦时上升到160美元/千瓦时，电动汽车的需求仍然强劲。）中的客观事实，故文中第二段提到theHongguangMini是举例子来说明锂离子电子电池成本上升的事实。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Expertssaybatterycostscouldstayhighforthenextyearorso,butthenanotherlargedropislikelyasbiginvestmentsbyautomakersandsupplierschangethebalancefromshortagetosurplus.”（专家表示，电池成本可能在未来一年左右保持在高位，但随后可能会出现另一次大幅下降，因为汽车制造商和供应商的大笔投资将电池从短缺转为过剩。）可知，在未来导致电池成本价格降低的原因是汽车制造商和供应商的大笔投资将电池从短缺转为过剩。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Butwithgasolinepriceshighandconsumerpreferenceschanging,suchcostconsiderationsmaynolongermatterasmuch,expertssay.”（但专家说，随着汽油价格高企和消费者偏好的改变，这种成本考虑可能不再那么重要。）可知，这是专家的观点，作者在文中并未提及未来电动汽车的前景，关于电动汽车的论述都是以客观的态度来陈述。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Thisyear,peoplearoundtheworldarelininguptobuyelectricvehiclesevenaspricesincrease.”（今年，尽管电动汽车价格上涨，但世界各地的人们仍在排队购买。）以及倒数第二段中“butthenanotherlargedropislikelyasbiginvestmentsbyautomakersandsupplierschangethebalancefromshortagetosurplus.”（但随着汽车制造商和供应商的大笔投资将供需平衡从短缺转为过剩，可能会出现另一次大幅下降。）可知，当下对电动汽车的供需是短缺状态。故选A。第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HandmadeCardfromMetoYouWhenIwas9yearsold,Ireceivedmyfirsthandmadecardfromaclassmate,whohadjustmovedtoNewJersey.Ihelpedhiminhishardtimeadjustingto(适应)hisnewschool.Sohemademeacard.Itwasafoldedpieceofpaperfromhisnotebook,withapictureofushe'ddrawnonthefront.Therewereonlyafewsentencesinside.___16___Specialhandwrittencardstaketimeandefforttomakeandfeelverypersonal.Likephotographs,cardscanbestoredandlookedbackon.Youcanmakeyourownuniquecardwithsuppliesyouhaveathome.What'smostimportantisthemessageyouwriteinside.___17___Butgettingahandwrittencardorlettercanmakesomeonewhoneedsitfeelappreciated."Thefirststepistothinkofapersonforwhomyou'dliketomakeacard..___18___Therearemanytypes:Thankyoucards,congratulationcards,holidaycards,andI'msorrycardswhicharejustafew.___19___Abigtripforwritingacardtokeepthepersonyou'remakingitforinmindwhileyouwork.Youcanaskyourselfsomequestionswhilewriting:Whatareyourfavoritememoriesofthatperson?Whatdoyouappreciatemostabouthimorher?Yourwordscanbeassweetorasfunnyasyouwant.Ifthey'repersonal,themessagewillbespecial.Last,signyournameatthebottom.___20___Therecipientlikemewillkeepthecardtorereadsometimefarinthefuture.A.Don'tforgettoincludethedate.B.Oryoucanbuyacardfromastore.C.Nowit'stimetogatheryourthoughts.D.Thisistheeasiestbutleastrewardingpart.E.Butthosewordsmeantalottomeatthetime.F.Itcanbehardtoputyourfeelingsintowords.G.Next,thinkaboutwhatkindofcardyou'dliketomake.【答案】16.E17.F18.G19.C20.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了手作卡片的重要性和制作步骤。【16题详解】前文说“里面只有几个句子”，后文说“但是这些话对我意义重大”，前后构成转折关系。thosewords对应前文中的“afewsentences”，only和转折词but呼应。故选E项。【17题详解】后文讲“但是得到一封手写的卡片或信能让需要的人感到感激”，和F项“把感情写进文字里可能很难”构成转折关系。putyourfeelingsintowords对应ahandwrittencardorletter。故选F项。【18题详解】根据Thefirststep可知，此处是讲写卡片的步骤。根据后文“Therearemanytypes:Thankyoucards,congratulationcards,holidaycards,andI'msorrycardswhicharejustafew.”贺卡有很多种:感谢卡、祝贺卡、节日卡和抱歉卡，抱歉卡也有几种。描述了很多卡片的种类，对应G项中的thinkaboutwhatkindofcardyou'dliketomake。故G选项“接下来，考虑一下你想做什么样的卡片”切题。故选G。【19题详解】根据“Youcanaskyourselfsomequestionswhilewriting”可知，此段是讲在写卡片时要思考一些问题，对应C项中的gatheryourthoughts，故C选项“现在是时候整理一下你的思绪了”切题。故选C。【20题详解】根据“signyournameatthebottom”可知，此处是讲写卡片最后的署名和日期，对应A项中的date，故A选项“别忘了写上日期”切题。故选A。第三部分语言运用（共三节,满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AfterpletingmyPh.D.inGermany,Iappliedforajobataconsultingpany.Ispentmonthsmaking___21___beforegettingaphonecallfromthepany.“Unluckily,wedecidedto___22___thejobtosomeoneelse,”thevoicesaid.Butthe___23___wasn’tover.“Wouldyouliketohearfeedback(反馈)fromus?”HewentontotellmeIhadn’tclearlystatedmy___24___forapplyingfortheposition.Iquicklyrealizedhewasright.Iwasn’t___25___aboutwhatIappliedfor.Ididn’tfeel___26___aboutthejobattheconsultingpany,andthatclearly___27___intheinterview.Fromthenon,Idecidedto___28___judgeeachjobopeningtomakesureittruly___29___myinterest.Inmyapplications,IstatedmoreclearlywhyIwantedthat___30___job.Soonmyeffortstartedto___31___,asIgotanofferIwasexcitedabout.Afewyearslater,Ifoundmyselfontheothersideoftheinterview___32___.IwasinterviewingpeopleforthefirstPh.D.positioninmylab.Iwasparticularlylookingforwardtotalkingwithonecandidate;hisapplicationlooked___33___,buttheinterviewwentbadly,whichmademewonderwhetherhewastrulyinterestedinworkingwithme.Icalledand___34___wherehecouldimproveinfutureinterviews,forwhichhewasgrateful.I’ve___35___severalinterviewsinmylab,andalwaysencouragethemtoaskforfeedbackattheendoftheinterview.21.A.description B.munication C.preparations D.solutions22.A.remend B.deliver C.rent D.offer23.A.conversation B.petition C.trade D.activity24.A.excuse B.strategy C.purpose D.schedule25.A.confused B.clear C.responsible D.powerful26.A.empty B.graceful C.sorry D.crazy27.A.showed B.improved C.cracked D.remained28.A.obviously B.carefully C.nearly D.probably29.A.protect B.record C.require D.suit30.A.tiring B.amazing C.specific D.simple31.A.payoff B.giveoff C.carryout D.holdout32.A.building B.table C.legend D.rescue33.A.alive B.believable C.impressive D.confident34.A.contacted B.checked C.revised D.mentioned35.A.hosted B.exchanged C.survived D.summarized【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者某次求职失败，对方告诉作者的反馈是因为作者没有清楚地说明申请这个职位的目的，即对这份工作不感兴趣。于是从此作者开始仔细判断每一个工作空缺，以确保它真正符合自己兴趣。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接到公司的之前，我花了几个月的时间准备。A.description描述；B.munication交流；C.preparations准备；D.solutions解决方案。根据上文“AfterpletingmyPh.D.inGermany,Iappliedforajobataconsultingpany.(在德国读完博士学位后，我申请了一家咨询公司的工作。)”可知，此处指为申请工作做准备。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“不幸的是，我们决定把这份工作给别人，”一个声音说。A.remend推荐；B.deliver递送；C.rent租给；D.offer提供。根据后文“thejobtosomeoneelse”可知，这份工作提供给了别人。故选D。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但谈话并没有结束。A.conversation对话；B.petition比赛；C.trade交易；D.activity活动。根据后文“Wouldyouliketohearfeedbackfromus?(你想听听我们的反馈吗？)”可知，告知结果以后对话并没有结束。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他接着告诉我，我没有清楚地说明我申请这个职位的目的。A.excuse借口；B.strategy策略；C.purpose目的；D.schedule安排。根据后文提到作者不清楚自己申请的是什么工作，即没有清楚说明申请这个职位的目的。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不清楚我申请的是什么。A.confused困惑的；B.clear清楚的；C.responsible负责的；D.powerful强大的。呼应上文“Ihadn’tclearlystatedmy”指作者不清楚自己申