衔接点03新课3Unit2　ExploringEnglish（课内知识预习）（2019）（原卷版）

新课3Unit2ExploringEnglish（课内知识预习）1.预习Unit2ExploringEnglish重点词汇2.预习Unit2ExploringEnglish课文3.Unit2ExploringEnglish高频词汇精讲一．单词学习词汇释义用法&拓展behaviorn.举止,行为good/badbehavior良好/恶劣行为v.表现;表现得体,有礼貌behavewell/badlytowardssb.对待某人好/差behaveoneself守规矩;表现得体burnup烧毁,烧尽;消耗,耗费Healltheoldletters.他烧毁了过去的全部信件。Whichburnsupmorecalories—swimmingorcycling?游泳和骑自行车,哪种运动消耗热量更多?burndown(被)烧毁通常是指建筑物被完全烧塌;也有“烧毁,烧掉”之意,但一般不是指建筑物。Theschoolbuildingwasburneddowninthatbigfire.在那场大火中,学校大楼被烧毁。alarmn.警报器;闹钟;恐慌;警报v.使惊恐,使害怕alarm惊恐地(常作状语)raise/soundthealarm发出警报analarmclock闹钟creativityn.创造性,创造力v.创造adj.创造(性)的,创新性的n.创造者,创作者n.创造;创作windup

给(机械)上发条摇上(车窗等)使(活动、会议等)结束Tomwaslatethismorningbecauseheforgottotheclock.汤姆今天早上迟到了,因为他忘了给钟上发条了。Theydrovealongwithallthecarwindows.他们摇上全部车窗,驱车前进。Ifweallagree,let'sthediscussion.如果我们大家都同意,那就让我们结束讨论吧。unfamiliaradj.不熟悉的,不了解的beunfamiliarwith不熟悉/不通晓……adj.熟悉的additionn.增加物,添加物;增加,添加;加法inaddition此外(=besides/moreover/furthermore/what'smore)inadditionto除……之外(还)adj.附加的;额外的;外加的adv.此外;另外mentn.评论;意见v.表达意见;评论makementson/about...就……作出评论menton/upon...就……发表评论mentthat...评论说……二．课文精研读原文呈现NeitherPinenorAppleinPineapple1Haveyoueveraskedyourselfwhypeopleoftenhavetroublelearning①English?Ihadn’t，untilonedaymyfiveyearoldsonaskedmewhethertherewasham②inahamburger【1】.Thereisn’t.Thismademerealizethatthere’snoeggineggplant③either.Neitheristherepine④norappleinpineapple⑤【2】.ThisgotmethinkinghowEnglishcanbeacrazylanguagetolearn【3】.2Forexample，inourfreetimewecansculpt⑥asculptureandpaintapainting，butwetakeaphoto.Andwhenwearetravelingwesaythatweareinthecarorthetaxi，butonthetrainorbus！Whilewe’redoingallthistraveling，wecangetseasick⑦atsea，airsickintheairandcarsickinacar，butwedon’tgethomesickwhenwegetbackhome.Andspeakingof⑧home，whyaren’thomeworkandhouseworkthesamething?3If“hard”istheopposite⑨of“soft”，whyare“hardly”and“softly”notanopposingpair?Ifharmless⑩actionsaretheoppositeofharmfulactions，whyareshameless⑪andshamefulbehaviors⑫thesame?4Whenwelookoutofthewindowandseerainorsnow，wecansay“it’sraining”or“it’ssnowing”.Butwhenweseesunshine，wecan’tsay“it’ssunshining”.5Eventhesmallestwordscanbeconfusing⑬.Whenyouseethecapitalized⑭“WHO”inamedicalreport，doyoureaditasthe“who”in“Who’sthat？”【4】Whatabout“IT”and“US”？6Youalsohavetowonder⑮attheunique⑯madness⑰ofalanguageinwhichahousecanburnup⑱asitburnsdown，inwhichyoufillin⑲aformbyfillingitout，andinwhichanalarm⑳isonlyheardonceitgoesoff!7Englishwasinventedbypeople，notputers，anditreflectseq\o(○,\s\up7(21))thecreativityeq\o(○,\s\up7(22))ofthehumanraceeq\o(○,\s\up7(23)).Thatiswhywhenthestarsareout，theyarevisibleeq\o(○,\s\up7(24))，butwhenthelightsareout，theyareinvisible【5】.AndthatiswhywhenIwindeq\o(○,\s\up7(25))upmywatch，itstarts，butwhenIwindupthispassage，itends.课文语法填空Haveyoueverasked1.(you)whypeopleoftenhavetrouble2.(learn)English?Ihadn’t，untilonedaymyfiveyearoldsonaskedme3.therewashaminahamburgerornot.ThisgotmethinkinghowEnglishcanbeacrazylanguage4.(learn).Eventhesmallestofwordscanbe5.(confuse).Youalsohavetowonderattheuniquemadnessofalanguagein6.ahousecanburnupasitburnsdown，andinwhichanalarm7.is__heard(hear)onceitgoesoff!English8.(invent)bypeople，notputers，anditreflectsthecreativityofthehumanrace.Thatiswhywhenthestarsareout，theyarevisible，butwhenthe9.(light)areout，theyareinvisible.AndthatiswhywhenIwindupmywatch，itstarts，10.whenIwindupthispassage，itends.原文呈现Misadventures①inEnglishLastweek，ourforumaskedifyouhadanyfunnyorstrangestoriesaboutusingEnglish【1】.Wedidn’texpect②togetsomanyposts!Herearesomeofourfavourites③，toremind④usthatsomeoftheEnglishwelearnintheclassroomisratherdifferentfromtheEnglishintheoutsideworld!366325ments⑤share⑥favourites...YancyPeoplesaythattheBritishalwaysplaysafe⑦withwhattheyeat.Nottrue!IwenttoasummerschoolinManchesterandmyEnglishteacherwascalledMaggie.Oneday，adifferentteachertookourclass.HetoldusthatMaggiecouldn’tteachthatdayCOZshehadafroginherthroat⑧.Poor⑨Maggie—butwhydidshetrytoeatsuchabigfrog?135mentsSophieWhenIfirstvisitedNewYork，Iwenttoadowntownshoppingcentretobuysomewinterboots⑩.Attheinformationdeskattheentrance，Iaskedaladywheretheshoesection⑪was.Shesaidthatitwasonthefirstfloor.SoIwentuptothefirstfloor，butcouldn’tfindanyshoes.Idecidedtoleave.WhenIwaslookingfortheexit，Isawthatshoeswereactually⑫solddownstairsonthegroundfloor，notthefirstfloor.Whydidshegivemethewronginformation？X(128mentsJulienI’vegotanEnglishpenfriend，whoIfinallygottomeetinLondonthissummer.Hehadtoldmethathisgrandfatherwas“reallywicked⑬”.ButwhenImethisgrandfather，Ilikedhimalot.Ifounditveryodd.Whydidmyfrienduseanegative⑭wordaboutsuchaniceman？63mentsZhengXuTheBritishmusthavereallyhighstandards⑮.Iwaspartofastudentexchange⑯programmebetweenauniversityinEnglandandmyuniversityinChina.IspentdayspreparingandwritingmyfirstEnglishpaper⑰【2】.IknewIhaddoneagoodjobandwaslookingforwardto⑱gettingapositivement.WhenIgotthepaperback，Ifoundmyteacherhadwrittenthement“Notbad！”Notbad?Butthereweren’tanyerrorsinmypaper.∶(85ments四．高频词汇句型精讲1.confusingadj.令人困惑的;难以理解的Eventhesmallestwordscanbeconfusing.即使是最短小的单词都能让人费解。词汇拓展①v.使困惑;(将……)混淆;使更难于理解confusesb.把某人弄糊涂confuseAwith/andB把A和B混淆②adj.迷惑的;不知所措的beconfusedaboutsth.对某事感到困惑③n.困惑;混乱;混淆inconfusion困惑地;迷茫地1.StaringatStevenin,Markaskedwhatwaswrong.马克困惑地盯着斯蒂芬,问出了什么问题。2.Ithinkit'saseriousmistaketoworkwith/andlife.我认为混淆了工作和生活真是大错特错。二.reflectv.显示,反映;反射(声、光、热等);表达;深思;映出(影像)Englishwasinventedbypeople,notputers,anditreflectsthecreativityofthehumanrace.英语是人而不是电脑发明的,它显示了人类的创造力。用法归纳①reflect

sth.沉思/反省某事②bereflected

...被映照在……;被反映在……情景助记reflect的不同词义词汇拓展①n.反映,表达;映像;思考;反省on/uponreflection经过认真思考•On/Uponreflection,wedecidedtochangeouroriginalplanatlast.经过考虑后,我们最终决定改变我们最开始的计划。②adj.反射的,(指物体表面)反光的;反映的;深思的1.Thetreesalongthelakethewater.湖边的树倒映在水中。2.Facedwiththeglobalenvironmentalchallenge,wemustdeeplyourrelationshipwithnature.面对全球环境挑战,我们必须深刻反思我们与大自然的关系。 三.eacross偶然发现,偶然遇见Whenyouopenadictionary,youofteneacrossalotofunfamiliarwords.当你打开一本词典时,你经常会碰到许多不熟悉的词。用法归纳eacross还有“

;

”的意思。词汇拓展含有e的其他常用短语:①e发生②e来自;出生于③e出现,露出;开花;出版,发表④e安然渡过(难关等)⑤e实现⑥e(尤指面对压力、挑战时)提出,想出1.Ianoldfriendinthestreetyesterday.Hesaidhisnewbookwouldnextmonth.Wealsotalkedabouttheaccidentthatthatday.Thedrivercamefromapoorfamily.Weonlyhopedthatthedrivercouldethroughit.昨天我在街上偶遇一位老朋友。他说他的新书会在下个月出版。我们还谈到了那天发生的事故。那名司机来自一个贫穷的家庭。我们只希望司机能安然度过。2.Hespokeforalongtimebuthismeaningdidn'treally.他讲了很久,但并没有人真正理解他的意思。3.Heasaveryintelligent,sensitiveman.他给人的印象是非常聪明且体贴。四.contactv.&n.联系,联络...afriendthatyoucontactbywriting,traditionallyusingapen...……一位你通过写信联系的朋友,传统上是用笔……用法归纳①contactsb.联系某人②keep/stayi

contactwith...与……保持联系③beincontactwith...与……有联络;接触……④get

contactwith...与……取得联系⑤makecontact...与……联系⑥losecontact...与……失去联系1.I'dhatetomyoldschoolfriends.我不愿和我的老同学们失去联系。2.Haveyouanyofyourfriendsfromcollege?你和你大学里的任何一个朋友还保持联系吗?3.Childrenshouldknowhowtotheirparentswhentheylosetheirway.孩子们在迷路时应该知道如何与家长取得联系。4.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,peoplelivingincitiesseldomtheirneighbours.根据最近的一项调查,生活在城市里的人很少与他们的邻居们联系。五.likelyadj.可能的,可能发生的用法归纳①sb./sth.+belikely

sth.某人/某物有可能做某事②

islikelythat...(很)有可能……易混辨析likely常指从表面迹象来判断有可能。主语可以是人,常用句式“sb./sth.+belikelytodosth.”和“Itislikelythat...”possible可能性最小,指客观上可能,往往含有“希望很小”的意味。主语一般不能是人,常用句式“Itispossibleforsb.todosth.”或“Itispossiblethat...”probable可能性最大,表示“很可能,十有八九”。不能用人或不定式作主语,常用句式为“Itisprobablethat...”1.Itisthatthecostwillbegreaterthanwethink.花费可能比我们预想的更大。2.Woulditmetotalktoyouinpersonaboutthat?我可以亲自和您谈谈那件事吗?3.Youfallbehindinyourstudiesifyoudon'tstudyhard.→Itislikelythatyouwillfallbehindinyourstudiesifyoudon'tstudyhard.如果你不努力学习,你就很有可能在功课上落后。六.remindv.提醒,使……想起Herearesomeofourfavourites,toremindusthat...这里有一些我们最喜欢的(帖子),来提醒我们……用法归纳①remindsb.

sth.提醒某人做某事②remindsb.sth.使某人想起某事③remindsb.sth./that...提醒某人……词汇拓展remindern.引起回忆的事物;提醒人的事物;通知单1.Thisoldsongmethepasthappydaysthatwespenttogether.这首老歌让我想起了过去我们一起度过的快乐时光。2.Wemustkeepourselvesabouttheimportanceofsavingwater.我们必须不断提醒自己节约用水的重要性。3.Idohopemystorycanyoutreasuretimeandmakefulluseofittoimproveyourselves.我真的希望我的故事能提醒你们珍惜时间,充分利用它来提升你们自己。七.intendv.计划,打算morallywrongandintendingtohurtpeople从道德上讲是错的,而且目的是伤害人们用法归纳①intend

sth.打算/想要做某事②intendsb.

sth.打算让某人做某事③

todo...=intendedtohavedone...原本打算做……词汇拓展①adj.计划中的,预期的beintendedfor...为……打算(或设计)的beintendedtodosth.打算做某事;旨在做某事②n.打算,计划,意图withtheintentionof...打算……1.IamwritingtotellyouthatweintendthefifthanniversaryofourEnglishClubandIsincerelyinviteyoutoattend.我写信是要告诉您,我们打算庆祝我们英语俱乐部成立五周年并且我诚挚地邀请您参加。2.Hisfatherhimtostudymedicinebuthedecidedtojointhearmy.他父亲打算让他学医,但他决定参军。3.Ihadvisityoulastnight,butitrained.→Iintendedtohavevisitedyoulastnight,butitrained.昨晚我原本打算去拜访你的,可是下起了雨。4.AlltheactivitiesraiseourawarenessofprotectingtraditionalChineseculture.所有这些活动都旨在提高我们保护中国传统文化的意识。八.recognisev.认识,辨认出;意识到;承认;认可recognisedifferencesbetweenAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglish识别出美式英语和英式英语的区别用法归纳①recognisesb./sth.

...通过……认出/识别出某人/某物②berecognised

...被公认是……③

is(widely)recognisedthat...人们(普遍)认为……④recognise+that/how/wh从句承认/意识到……词汇拓展n.识别;认可;承认;赞赏;表彰changebeyond/outof(all)recognition变得面目全非;沧海桑田inrecognitionof...以表彰……1.Evenbeforehecamein,Ithesoundofhisfootsteps.甚至在他进来之前,我就通过他的脚步声认出了他。2.ThevillageisnowbeoneofthemostbeautifultourismvillagesinShanxi.这个村庄现在被公认是山西最美丽的旅游村庄之一。3.Itthatdrugabusewillcauseahugelossofbothhealthandwealth.人们普遍认为,滥用毒品将造成巨大的健康和财富损失。九.basev.以……为基础;把基地设于n.根据;基础;基地writeastorybasedongivenpictures根据所给图片写一则故事 用法归纳①base...

...把……置于……基础之上(其被动形式为bebasedon/upon...)②base...

...以……为据点;把……(的总部等)设在……词汇拓展①n.基础,依据onthebasisof...以……为基础/依据②adj.基本的;基础的;必不可少的③adv.基本上;从根本上说1.Youshouldyourconclusionon/uponcarefulresearchinsteadofpersonalexperience.你的结论应该基于仔细的研究,而不是个人经验。2.TheydecidedtotheirnewpanyinJinan.他们决定将新成立的公司总部设在济南。十.awareadj.意识到的,明白的beawareofculturaldifferences意识到文化差异用法归纳①be/beeaware

/that...知道/明白/意识到……②so/asfarasIamaware

③makesb.awareof...让某人意识到……词汇拓展①n.意识;知道;兴趣develop/raise/increaseone'sawarenessof...培养/提高/增强某人对……的意识②adj.未意识到的,不知道的beunawareof/that...没有意识到……1.Billbecamethathewasstillholdinghisglassinhishand.比尔意识到他手里还握着杯子。2.,youareafanofChineseculture.据我所知,你是中国文化的粉丝。3.Onlywhenyouthevalueoftimecanyoumakebetteruseofit.只有当你意识到时间的价值时,你才能更好地利用它。十一.neither...nor...既不……也不……Neitheristherepinenorappleinpineapple.Pineapple(菠萝)里既没有pine(松树)也没有apple(苹果)。用法归纳①neither...nor...常连接两个并列的成分,当连接两个主语时,谓语动词的人称和数遵循“

原则”,即谓语动词与

后的主语在人称和数上保持一致。用法类似的结构还有either...or...、notonly...but(also)...、not...but...等。②neither...nor...连接两个并列分句,且neither和nor都位于分句

时,两个分句通常用部分倒装结构。结构拓展①neither可以用作代词,单独作主语,表示“两者都不”。②表示“一个人没有做某事,另一个人也没做同一类事”时,可用neither或nor引起的倒装句进行简略回答,其结构为:Neither/Nor+助动词/情态动词/系动词be+主语。1.Theydidn'tgototheparkyesterday..昨天他们没去公园,我们也没去。2.DavidandJimhadbeenquarrellingforalongtime,andbackeddown.戴维和吉姆已经吵了好长时间,两个人都不肯认输。3.satisfiedwithyouranswer.我和他都对你的回答不满意。4.couldtheorydowithoutpractice,couldpracticedowithouttheory.理论没有实践不行,实践没有理论也不行。5.Thoughhavingworkedformorethanthreehours,shewas.尽管已经工作了三个多小时,但她既不累也不饿。十二.thatiswhy...那就是为什么……,那就是……的原因Thatiswhywhenthestarsareout,theyarevisible,butwhenthelightsareout,theyareinvisible.那就是为什么星星out(出现)时是看得见的,但灯out(熄灭)了是看不见的。用法归纳①This/Thatis/waswhy...这/那就是……的原因,why引导表语从句,其引导的内容表示

。②This/Thatis/wasbecause...这/那是因为……,because引导表语从句,其引导的内容表示

。③Thereasonwhy...is/wasthat...……的原因是……,why引导定语从句并在从句中作状语;that引导表语从句,其引导的内容表示

。Hefellfromatalltree.Thatwaswhyhehurthisleg.→Hehurthisleg.Thatwashefellfromatalltree.→Thereasonhehurthislegwasthathefellfromatalltree.他从一棵很高的树上摔下来。那就是他弄伤腿的原因。一、单句语法填空，用所给单词或适当单词的正确形式填空。1.Neithermyparentsnormyyoungersister_____(be)athometoday.2.Youshouldreflect_____thisproblemcarefullybeforeyoumakeadecision.3.Freddidn'thaveanymoney,sohedecidedtolook______ajobtosupporthimself.4.He'smoreatalkerthanadoer.Thatis_____heneverfinishesanything.5.I'msureyou'llhavenotrouble______(find)themistakesinyourposition.6.Iwonderwhetheryouhaveasked______(you)whatyoureallywant.7.ItiswellknownthattheUNisshort______theUnitedNations.8.IknownothingabouttheincidentsoIrefusetoment______it.9.Weallwanttoknowwhat______(actual)happenedlastnight.10.Thebeautifulsongyousangjustnowremindedme_____mychildhood.二、语段填词。用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Theleaderofthe_______isahighly_______personandweallliketheactivitiesthathe_______everyweek.Allofusthinkhimaexcellent_______(organise).2.They

______mebyaskingsomanyquestions.Iwastotally______,standingtherein

______,notknowingwhattodo.(confuse)3.Thechild

______sowellinclassthattheteacherpraisedhisgood_______infrontofhisclassmates.(behave)4.Youshouldknowthathardworkcan

______wealthbecauseyouarethe

______ofyourownlife,butthe

______ofpeoplealsoneedsa_______

mind.(create)5.Somepeopleare

______oftheimportanceofpreservingwildanimals.Butwestilltrytoraisethe_______ofthewholesociety.(aware)6.HehadchangedsomuchthatIdidn't

______himatfirst.Asamatteroffact,illnessandagechangedhimbeyond_______(recognise)7._______,hisineonlymeetsexpenses.Soheonlychoosesasimplelifestyle

______onhislimitedsalary.(base)三、根据所给的汉语用英语完成句子1._______________anythingaboutit.他父母和他对它都毫无所知。2.Hisbikewasbrokenand___________hewaslateforschoolyesterday.昨天他的自行车坏了,那就是他迟到的原因。3.Doyou___________theworkontime?你按时完成这项工作有困难吗?

4.Youshouldanswerfor____________justnow.你应该对刚才你所说的话负责。5.She_____________thebreaststrokeeveryday她每天花两小时练习蛙泳。四、语法填空：Haveyoueverasked1________(you)whypeopleoftenhavetrouble2_______(study)English?Ihadn't,untilonedaymyfiveyearoldson3_______(ask)mewhethertherewashaminahamburger.ThisgotmethinkinghowEnglishcanbeacrazylanguage4_______(learn):Forexample,5_____ourfreetimewecansculptasculptureandpaintapainting,butwetakeaphoto.Whilewe'redoingallthistraveling,wecangetseasickatsea,airsickintheairandcarsickinacar,6_______wedon'tgethomesickwhenwegetbackhome.Andspeakingofhome,whyaren'thomeworkhouseworkthesamething?Eventhesmallestofwordscanbe7_______(confuse).Whenyouseethecapitalized"WHO"inamedicalreport,doyoureaditasthe"who"in"Who'sthat?Whatabout"IT"and"US"?English8_______(invent)bypeople,notputers,anditreflectsthe9_______(creative)ofthehumanrace.Thatis10______whenthestarsareout,theyarevisible,butwhenthelightsareout,theyareinvisible.一.阅读理解AAsyoualreadyknow,livinginChinarequiresthatyoushouldknowsomebasicMandarin(普通话).Itdoesn'tevenmatterwhetheryouareinterestedinlearninganewlanguageornot.Fromcallingataxitoorderingfood,askingfordirections,andreadingaddresses,Chineseisneeded.TohelpmoreexpatsinChinalearnthis“mysteriouslanguage”calledChinese,IhaveeupwiththefollowingfivebestonlineplatformsorwebsitestolearnChinese.MemriseItoffersdifferentcoursesandsomee⁃learningtoolstoteachdifferentlanguageslikeMandarin,French,andEnglish.Thelearningprocessiseasyandwellpreparedtosuitalmostanyone.Itfacilitates(促进)learningbyusingthequestion⁃and⁃multiple⁃answersmethodalongwithcrowdsourcingmaterialsandflashcardsthathelpthememoryprocess.DigitalDialectsDoyouwanttohavefunwhilelearninganewlanguage?ThenDigitalDialectscanbewhatyouhavebeenseeking.Thiswebsitehasmorethan80differentlanguagestochoosefrom.Incaseonelanguagebeesboring,youcantryanotherone.Itisfreetousegamesforlearningmorethan80languages,whichisthefeatureofthewebsite.Withinaregamesforlearningphrases,vocabulary,spelling,verbconjugation(动词的词形变化)andalphabets.Chinese⁃ToolsIfyoudon'twanttofocusonlyonlearningChinesebutallaspectsofChina,thiswebsiteissuitableforyou.Onthissite,youaresuretofindeverythingaboutmodernandtraditionalChina,Chineselearningmaterials,toolsandresources,andlanguageexchangeclubs.ZhongwenJustasthenameimplies,thiswebsiteisnofriendoftime⁃wastingorlonggrammar.Justtheloginpagealoneisfilledwithcharacters.It'sbasicallyforpeoplewithmorethanbasicknowledgeofChinese.Youwon'tbewrongtoregarditasMandarinWikipedia.LearntoSpeakChineseThiswasexactlythewebsiteIstartedlearningmyChinesefrom.ThesiteisownedbyCCTV.Thisassuresyouthattheteachingmaterialsarestandardandupdated.Mostoftheteachingisthroughvideos.YouwillbemotivatedbyseeingforeignersspeakingfluentChineseinthevideos.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutthewebsiteMemrise?A.Itownsalimitedrangeoftargetusers.B.Variouslearningmethodsareavailable.C.Thelearningprocessismorethanplicated.D.CoursesareofferedinonlyChineseandEnglish.2.WhatisthespecialfeatureofDigitalDialects?A.Theboringlearningprocess. B.TheculturalknowledgeofChina.C.Thelearninggamesfreeofcharge. D.Thecoursesin80differentlanguages.3.IfyouwanttogetthewholepictureofChina,whichofthefollowingishighlyremended?A.DigitalDialects. B.Chinese⁃Tools.C.Zhongwen. D.LearntoSpeakChinese.BElementsofLatinhavemadetheirwayintomanyWesterncountries.Datavaries,butasmanyas70%ofwordsinEnglishhaveaLatinorGreekroot.Bylearningmoreabouttheserootsandhowtheybinewithotherpartstocreatewords,youwillhaveanadvantageinunderstandingnewwords,evenifyou'veneverseenthembefore.Thegreatthingisthatit'snothardtolearntheserootsandrecognisethepatterns.You'renotlearningthewholelanguagewithitsgrammaranddifficultpoints.YoujustneedtomemorisesomepartsofthevocabularythatyouoftenseeinEnglish.Sohowdowordrootswork?Everywordhasaroot.Thispartcontainsthekeytoaword'smeaning.Taketheword“happy”forexample.Thiswordonlycontainstheroot,whichmeans“fullofjoy”.There'snothingmoretothemeaningofthewordinthisform.Somewords,however,haveextraparts.Wecalltheseaffixes(词缀),includingprefixes,thepartattachedbeforetheroot,andsuffixes,thepartattachedbehindtheroot.Basedontheadditionalmeaningoftheprefixorsuffix,thefinalwordwillbeshapedtomeansomethingnew.Taketheword“autobiography”forexample.Therootis“bio”,meaninglife.Youmayhavenoticedthatmanywordswith“bio”havesomethingtodowithlifeorlivingbeings—biology,biography,andsoon.Whenthesuffix“graphy”,meaningwriting,isad