Unit1LifeChoicesReadingClub1课文讲解及句子成分分析讲义高中英语北师大版

Unit1Readingclub1课文讲解及句子成分分析一.课文及翻译：Afternoontea下午茶PeoplebelievethatanEnglishDuchessfirstintroducedtheideaofafternoontea.人们认为是一位英国公爵夫人首次提出了下午茶的概念。HernamewasAnnaRussell(17831857),andshewasthe7thDuchessofBedford.她名叫安娜·罗素（17831857），是贝德福德第七任公爵夫人。Inthe18thand19thcenturies,mostEnglishpeopleateonlytwomainmealseachdaybreakfastinthemorningandalargesupperwhichwasn'tusuallyserveduntilseveno'clockintheevening.在18世纪和19世纪，大多数英国人每天只吃两顿主餐——早餐在早上，而一顿丰盛的晚餐则通常要到晚上七点钟才供应。Asaresult,peopleoftengotveryhungryduringthelongbreakbetweenthesetwomeals.因此，在这两餐之间的长时间间隔里，人们经常会感到非常饥饿。TheDuchesscameupwith2acleverideatosolvethisproblem.公爵夫人想出了一个聪明的办法来解决这个问题。Sheinvitedsomeofherfriendstojoinherforanafternoonmeal.她邀请了一些朋友加入她的下午茶会。Themealwasheldbetweenfourandfiveo'clock.茶会安排在四点到五点之间。Itincludedcakesandsandwiches,andteawasservedtowashdownthefood.茶会上有蛋糕和三明治，还有茶来佐餐。Tomaketheafternoonmealmoreimportant,sheusedcupsandplatesmadeoffinechina,andteapots,knives,forksandspoonsmadeofsilver.为了让下午茶会更加重要，她使用了精致的瓷器杯盘，以及银制的茶壶、刀叉和勺子。Afternoonteapartiessoonbecamepopularsocialoccasions,whichisatrendthatcontinuestoday.下午茶会很快成为了流行的社交场合，这一趋势一直延续到今天。TheystillplayanimportantpartinthesociallifeinmodernBritain.它们在现代英国的社会生活中仍然扮演着重要的角色。YumCha饮茶Goingforyumchaordimsumisapracticethathasbeeincreasinglypopularinthewesternworldbutwhatdoesitmean?饮茶或吃点心在西方国家越来越受欢迎——但这到底是什么意思呢？Yumchaliterallytranslatesto"drinktea",anditisthepracticeofgoingtoarestauranttoeatdimsumbitesizedportionsoffood,usuallysteamedorfried.饮茶字面意思是“喝茶”，是指去餐馆吃点心——通常是蒸的或炸的小份食物。PeopleinsouthernChinagotoyumchawithfamilyandfriendsitisatimetorelaxandcatchupinalaidbackenvironment.中国南方的人们会和家人朋友一起去饮茶——这是一个在轻松的环境中放松和叙旧的好时机。ThemostpopulartimetogoforyumchaislatemorningorwhatisknownintheWestasbrunch".最受欢迎的饮茶时间是上午晚些时候——在西方被称为“早午餐”。Infact,somesaythatbrunchwasinspiredbyyumcha.事实上，有人说早午餐是受饮茶启发的。ItisbelievedthatthecustombeganthousandsofyearsagowhenteahousesstartedcroppingupalongtheSilkRoadtoproviderestforwearytravellers.据信，这种习俗始于数千年前，当时茶馆开始沿着丝绸之路涌现，为疲惫的旅人提供休息之所。Later,itwasdiscoveredthatteaaidsdigestion,soteahouseownersstartedofferingsnackswiththeirteaandyumchawasborn.后来，人们发现茶有助于消化，于是茶馆老板开始提供茶点，饮茶就应运而生了。二.课文句子成分分析及知识点：PeoplebelievethatanEnglishDuchessfirstintroducedtheideaofafternoontea.句子成分分析:主语:People谓语:believe宾语从句:thatanEnglishDuchessfirstintroducedtheideaofafternoontea主语:anEnglishDuchess谓语:introduced宾语:theideaofafternoontea状语:first知识点:宾语从句:由that引导，解释believe的内容。引入（introduce）的用法，表示“首次提出或引入某事物”。短语及拓展:theideaof:表示“……的想法/概念”，可以拓展为theimportanceof,thehistoryof等。afternoontea:下午茶，一种文化习俗，常在下午四点左右享用茶点。HernamewasAnnaRussell(17831857),andshewasthe7thDuchessofBedford.句子成分分析:并列句，由并列连词and连接两个简单句。第一个简单句:HernamewasAnnaRussell(17831857)主语:Hername谓语:was表语:AnnaRussell(17831857)第二个简单句:shewasthe7thDuchessofBedford主语:she谓语:was表语:the7thDuchessofBedford知识点:并列句:使用and连接两个或多个简单句，表达多个相关的意思。表语:用于说明主语的身份、特征或状态。短语及拓展:the7thDuchessofBedford:第七任贝德福德公爵夫人，注意序数词前要加定冠词the。(17831857):表示时间范围，常用于说明人物的生卒年份。Inthe18thand19thcenturies,mostEnglishpeopleateonlytwomainmealseachdaybreakfastinthemorningandalargesupperwhichwasn'tusuallyserveduntilseveno'clockintheevening.句子成分分析:时间状语:Inthe18thand19thcenturies主句:mostEnglishpeopleateonlytwomainmealseachday主语:mostEnglishpeople谓语:ate宾语:twomainmeals状语:only,eachday插入语:breakfastinthemorningandalargesupperwhichwasn'tusuallyserveduntilseveno'clockintheevening并列宾语:breakfastinthemorning,alargesupper定语从句:whichwasn'tusuallyserveduntilseveno'clockintheevening，修饰alargesupper知识点:插入语:用于对句子进行补充说明，通常与主句用破折号或逗号隔开。定语从句:由which引导，修饰先行词alargesupper，说明晚餐的通常服务时间。短语及拓展:inthemorning:早上，表示时间，可拓展为intheafternoon,intheevening等。untilseveno'clockintheevening:直到晚上七点，表示时间持续到某个点。Asaresult,peopleoftengotveryhungryduringthelongbreakbetweenthesetwomeals.句子成分分析:状语:Asaresult主句:peopleoftengotveryhungry主语:people谓语:got表语:veryhungry时间状语:duringthelongbreakbetweenthesetwomeals知识点:Asaresult:因此，表示结果或结论。get+形容词:表示变得某种状态，此处为“变得非常饿”。短语及拓展:between...and...:表示两者之间的范围或关系，可拓展为betweenyouandme,betweenthetwocountries等。duringthelongbreak:在长时间的间隔中，表示在某个时间段内。TheDuchesscameupwithacleverideatosolvethisproblem.句子成分分析：主语：TheDuchess谓语：cameupwith宾语：acleveridea目的状语：tosolvethisproblem知识点："eupwith"意为“提出，想出”。不定式短语"tosolvethisproblem"作为目的状语，说明提出想法的目的。短语及拓展：cleveridea：聪明的想法solvetheproblem：解决问题eupwithsth.：想出某事Sheinvitedsomeofherfriendstojoinherforanafternoonmeal.句子成分分析：主语：She谓语：invited宾语：someofherfriends宾语补足语：tojoinherforanafternoonmeal知识点："invitesb.todosth."意为“邀请某人做某事”。"joinsb.forsth."意为“和某人一起做某事”。短语及拓展：someofherfriends：她的一些朋友joinsb.forsth.：和某人一起做某事invitesb.todosth.：邀请某人做某事Themealwasheldbetweenfourandfiveo'clock.句子成分分析：主语：Themeal谓语：washeld时间状语：betweenfourandfiveo'clock知识点：被动语态"washeld"表示“被举行”。"between...and..."表示“在……和……之间”。短语及拓展：between...and...：在……和……之间holdameal：举行一顿饭Itincludedcakesandsandwiches,andteawasservedtowashdownthefood.句子成分分析（分为两个并列句）：第一句：It（形式主语）includedcakesandsandwiches第二句：tea（主语）wasserved（谓语），towashdownthefood（目的状语）知识点："includesth."意为“包括某事”。"servesth.tosb."意为“为某人提供某物”。"washdownsth."意为“用液体冲洗或伴随某物吃下”。短语及拓展：includesth.：包括某事servesth.tosb.：为某人提供某物washdownsth.：用液体冲洗或伴随某物吃下Tomaketheafternoonmealmoreimportant,sheusedcupsandplatesmadeoffinechina,andteapots,knives,forksandspoonsmadeofsilver.句子成分分析：目的状语：Tomaketheafternoonmealmoreimportant主语：she谓语：used宾语：cupsandplatesmadeoffinechina,andteapots,knives,forksandspoonsmadeofsilver知识点：不定式短语"Tomake..."作为目的状语。"bemadeof"意为“由……制成”。短语及拓展：makesth.moreimportant：使某事更重要bemadeofsth.：由某物制成finechina：精美的瓷器silverware：银器（包括茶壶、刀、叉、勺等）Afternoonteapartiessoonbecamepopularsocialoccasions,whichisatrendthatcontinuestoday.句子成分分析：主句：Afternoonteaparties（主语）soonbecame（谓语）popularsocialoccasions（宾语）非限制性定语从句：whichisatrendthatcontinuestoday知识点："beepopular"意为“变得流行”。"whichis..."为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词"Afternoonteaparties"。"thatcontinuestoday"为定语从句，修饰"atrend"。短语及拓展：popularsocialoccasions：流行的社交场合atrendthatcontinues：持续的趋势TheystillplayanimportantpartinthesociallifeinmodernBritain.句子成分分析：主语：They（指代Afternoonteaparties）谓语：play宾语：animportantpart地点状语：inthesociallife时间状语：inmodernBritain知识点："playanimportantpartinsth."意为“在……中扮演重要角色”。短语及拓展：playanimportantpartinsth.：在……中扮演重要角色sociallife：社交生活modernBritain：现代英国Goingforyumchaordimsumisapracticethathasbeeincreasinglypopularinthewesternworldbutwhatdoesitmean?句子成分分析:主语:Goingforyumchaordimsum谓语:is表语:apractice定语从句:thathasbeeincreasinglypopularinthewesternworld疑问句:butwhatdoesitmean?知识点:"Goingforyumchaordimsum"是动名词短语作主语。"thathasbeeincreasinglypopularinthewesternworld"是定语从句，修饰先行词"apractice"，使用关系代词"that"。"increasinglypopular"中"increasingly"是副词，修饰形容词"popular"。"butwhatdoesitmean?"是由并列连词"but"连接的疑问句，询问"yumcha"或"dimsum"的意义。短语拓展:"increasinglypopular">越来越受欢迎"inthewesternworld">在西方世界"yumcha">点心时间（饮茶），特指在中国南方地区的一种社交活动，边喝茶边吃小点。Yumchaliterallytranslatesto"drinktea",anditisthepracticeofgoingtoarestauranttoeatdimsumbitesizedportionsoffood,usuallysteamedorfried.句子成分分析:主句1:Yumchaliterallytranslatesto"drinktea"主语:Yumcha谓语:translates状语:literally宾语:"drinktea"并列句2:anditisthepracticeofgoingtoarestauranttoeatdimsumbitesizedportionsoffood主语:it谓语:is表语:thepracticeofgoingtoarestauranttoeat...宾语补足语:dimsumbitesizedportionsoffood状语:usuallysteamedorfried知识点:"literally"是副词，表示"字面上地"。"translateto"表示"翻译为"。"thepracticeof"表示"……的惯例/实践"。"dimsumbitesizedportionsoffood"中"dimsum"是名词，表示"点心"；"bitesized"是形容词短语，表示"一口大小的"；"portionsoffood"表示"食物的分量"。"usuallysteamedorfried"是状语短语，修饰"portionsoffood"，说明这些点心的烹饪方式。短语拓展:"literallytranslateto">字面翻译为"thepracticeof">……的实践/惯例"dimsum">点心"bitesized">一口大小的"steamedorfried">蒸的或炸的PeopleinsouthernChinagotoyumchawithfamilyandfriendsitisatimetorelaxandcatchupinalaidbackenvironment.句子成分分析:主句:PeopleinsouthernChinagotoyumchawithfamilyandfriends主语:PeopleinsouthernChina谓语:go宾语:toyumcha状语:withfamilyandfriends并列句:itisatimetorelaxandcatchupinalaidbackenvironment主语:it谓语:is表语:atime不定式短语作定语:torelaxandcatchup状语:inalaidbackenvironment知识点:"insouthernChina"是介词短语作定语，修饰"People"。"withfamilyandfriends"是介词短语作状语，表示"和家人朋友一起"。"itisatimetodosth."是固定句型，表示"是……的时候"。"laidback"是形容词短语，表示"悠闲的，放松的"。短语拓展:"gotoyumcha">去饮茶（点心时间）"withfamilyandfriends">和家人朋友一起"atimetorelaxandcatchup">放松和叙旧的时候"laidbackenvironment">悠闲的环境ThemostpopulartimetogoforyumchaislatemorningorwhatisknownintheWestasbrunch".句子成分分析:主语:Themostpopulartimetogoforyumcha谓语:is表语:latemorningorwhatisknownintheWestasbrunch并列短语:latemorning名词性从句:whatisknownintheWestasbrunch主语:what谓语:isknown状语:intheWest宾语补足语:asbrunch知识点:"Themostpopulartimetodosth."是固定句型，表示"做某事最受欢迎的时间"。"whatisknownas..."是名词性从句，其中"what"是引导词，也是从句的主语。"intheWest"是介词短语作状语，表示"在西方"。短语拓展:"themostpopulartime">最受欢迎的时间"latemorning">上午晚些时候"whatisknownas...">被称作……的"intheWest">在西方"brunch">早午餐（早餐和午餐合并的一餐）Infact,somesaythatbrunchwasinspiredbyyumcha.句子成分分析:状语:Infact主句:somesay主语:some谓语:say宾语从句:thatbrunchwasinspiredbyyumcha主语:brunch谓语:wasinspired状语:byyumcha知识点:"Infact"是副词短语，表示"事实上"。"somesay"是主句，表示"有人说"。"thatbrunchwasinspiredbyyumcha"是宾语从句，由"that"引导，说明"some"的观点。"beinspiredby"是固定短语，表示"受……启发"。短语拓展:"Infact">事实上"somesay">有人说"wasinspiredby">受……启发"yumcha">饮茶（点心时间）ItisbelievedthatthecustombeganthousandsofyearsagowhenteahousesstartedcroppingupalongtheSilkRoadtoproviderestforwearytravellers.句子成分分析:主句:Itisbelieved形式主语:It谓语:isbelieved真正主语:thatthecustombegan...宾语从句:thatthecustombeganthousandsofyearsagowhen...主语:thecustom谓语:began时间状语:thousandsofyearsago定语从句:whenteahousesstartedcroppingup...主语:teahouses谓语:startedcroppingup状语:alongtheSilkRoad目的状语:toproviderestforwearytravellers知识点:"Itisbelievedthat..."是固定句型，表示"据信……"。"thousandsofyearsago"是时间状语短语，表示"数千年前"。"when"引导定语从句，修饰"thousandsofyearsago"，说明时间背景。"cropup"是动词短语，表示"突然出现"。"alongtheSilkRoad"是介词短语作状语，表示"沿着丝绸之路"。"toproviderestforwearytravellers"是不定式短语作目的状语，说明"teahouses"出现的目的。短语拓展:"Itisbelievedthat...">据信……"thousandsofyearsago">数千年前"cropup">突然出现"alongtheSilkRoad">沿着丝绸之路"wearytravellers">疲惫的旅行者"providerestfor">为……提供休息Later,itwasdiscoveredthatteaaidsdigestion,soteahouseownersstart