串讲02短语（名词短语形容词短语和副词短语）及必刷题

串讲02短语（名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语）及必刷题序号内容Partone认识名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语Parttwo名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语的句法功能Partthree基础必刷60题Partfour综合必刷30题Partone认识名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语一、名词短语(NP)定义：名词短语是指由几个名词或名词及其修饰语构成的短语。它是英语句子的核心成分。1．常见名词短语的构成形式有：(1)限定词＋名词如：thegirl(2)限定词＋形容词(短语)＋名词如：abeautifulgirl(3)限定词＋名词＋介词短语如：abeautifulcampusofmyschool(4)限定词＋描述性名词＋名词如：myschoollife二、形容词短语形容词短语，是指一个以形容词为中心构成的短语，在句子中的功能相当于形容词，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。1．常见形容词短语的构成形式有：(1)副词＋形容词如：verysuitable(2)形容词＋enough如：goodenough(3)形容词＋介词短语如：goodfornothing(4)副词＋形容词＋介词如：wellworthyofpraise三、副词短语以副词为中心词的短语是副词短语。副词短语的结合方式是：修饰语＋副词，有时中心词之后还带有后置修饰语或补足成分。如：verycarefully，prettysoon，farfromthestation等。Parttwo名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语的句法功能一、名词短语的句法功能：(1)作主语Theinterestingtitleofthearticleattractedalotofreaders.这篇文章有趣的标题吸引了很多读者。[温馨提示]名词短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要与名词短语中的中心词保持一致。Anumberofbooksareonthedesk.Thenumberofbooksisnotlarge.(2)作表语Howtofightagainstsuchadiseaseisahottopictoday.怎样与那种疾病作斗争是今天的热点话题。(3)作宾语Sheboughthermothersomeflowers.她给母亲买了一些花。(4)作宾补Peopleconsideredhimthebettermanforthework.人们认为他比较适合干这项工作。二、形容词短语可有如下句法功能：(1)作定语，修饰名词或代词等Thisisamostseriousproblem.这是一个极其严重的问题。(2)作表语HeisinterestedinwatchingTV.他对看电视感兴趣。(3)作宾语，英语中“the＋形容词”可以作为名词使用，担任动词的宾语，表示具有该形容词的特征、性质或者状态的人、事或物。Weshouldrespecttheold.我们应该尊敬老年人。(4)作宾补Ifoundthenewfilmveryinteresting.我发现新电影非常有趣。三、副词短语在句子中常常作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词等。Heisillextremelyseriouslywithabadcancer.他患了严重的癌症，病情极为严重。HestudiesEnglishmostslowlyofthethree.三个人中，他学英语学得最慢。Partthree基础必刷100题一、请找出形容词短语（AdjectivePhrase），并在下面画出横线。Heacquiredanincrediblydeepunderstandingoflifeduringhisteenageyears.Theusuallycrowdedschoolcorridorswerequietduringthesummervacation.Hisbedroomisanalwaysmessyspace.Mybestfriendhasanamazinglycreativemind.Sheisabsolutelycertainofgettingintoagoodcollege.【答案】1.Heacquiredanincrediblydeepunderstandingoflifeduringhisteenageyears.2.Theusuallycrowdedschoolcorridorswerequietduringthesummervacation.3.Hisbedroomisanalwaysmessyspace.4.Mybestfriendhasanamazinglycreativemind.5.Sheisabsolutelycertainofgettingintoagoodcollege.二、请找出名词短语（NounPhrase），并在下面画出横线。Shehasahappyteenagelifefilledwithfriendsandfun.Heisashyteenagerwhooftenblusheswhenspeakingtostrangers.Theyareactiveteenagerswholovetoparticipateinvariousafterschoolclubs.Heisdrivinganewcarandfeelingveryproudofhimself.MyfavoritecolorisblueandIlovewearingitineveryseason.【答案】1.Shehasahappyteenagelifefilledwithfriendsandfun.2.Heisashyteenagerwhooftenblusheswhenspeakingtostrangers.3.Theyareactiveteenagerswholovetoparticipateinvariousafterschoolclubs.4.Heisdrivinganewcarandfeelingveryproudofhimself.5.MyfavoritecolorisblueandIlovewearingitineveryseason.三、请找出副词短语（AdverbPhrase），并在下面画出横线。Sheoftenveryquicklyfinishesherhomeworktohavemoretimeforherhobbies.Hecouldplaytheguitarquitebeautifully.Duringsummervacation,theysometimeslazilyspendtheentiredayjustwatchingTV.Shehasbeenstudyingextremelyhardtogetgoodgradesonhertests.Teenagersnowadaysusetheirphonesincrediblyfrequently.【答案】1.Sheoftenveryquicklyfinishesherhomeworktohavemoretimeforherhobbies.2.Hecouldplaytheguitarquitebeautifully.3.Duringsummervacation,theysometimeslazilyspendtheentiredayjustwatchingTV.4.Shehasbeenstudyingextremelyhardtogetgoodgradesonhertests.5.Teenagersnowadaysusetheirphonesincrediblyfrequently.四、写出画线处的短语类型1．Wehaveamuchbetterlifenow.2．Evenworse,theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.3．Shetypesquicklyandcorrectly.4．Interestedintheirwork,shepickedupapairofscissors.5．Eagertoimprovefarmingconditions,theytriedoutthisnewcroponalargearea.6．Thefestivalisoneofthefourlargesticeandsnowfestivalsintheworld!7．Nowadaysyoungpeopleneverwillinglylettheircreativitybelimitedbytheirparentsortraditionalrules.8．ItisobviousthatthewidespreadandrecognitionofWesternholidaysisharmfultoourtraditionalvalue.9．Recentstudiesshowthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaksregularly.10．Hecanfinishthatmuchquicker.【答案】1．名词短语2．副词短语3．副词短语4．形容词短语5．形容词短语6．名词短语7．副词短语8．名词短语9．形容词短语10．副词短语五、写出下列句子中划线部分判断其是的名词短语、形容词短语或副词短语,并写出其句法功能。1.Recentstudiesshowthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaksregularly.2．MrSmithisamanwithbadmanners.3．Shetypesquicklyandcorrectly.4．Herunsextremelyfast.5．Theboyistooyoungtounderstandclearlyenoughwhathismotherhassaid.6．Theboyenteredashoestorewhichwasbigandtidyandboughtapairofshoes.7．Thelittlegirlisstaringathermother,nervousandfrightened.8．Thesebooksforchildrenaremuchtooeasyforadultstoread.9.Thefestivalisoneofthefourlargesticeandsnowfestivalsintheworld!10．ThetallestboyinourclassisLiLei.11．ShestudiesEnglishveryhard.12．Tomcarefullywrotesomeletterstohisfriends.13．Hewilltraveltoabeautifulcitynextmonth.14．Theexamwassurprisinglyeasy.15．Helookedveryworried.16．Cornisausefulplantthatcanbeeatenbybothhumansandanimals.17．John,anoldfriendofmine，esfromAmerica.【答案】1.形容词短语2．amanwithbadmanners为名词短语作表语3．quicklyandcorrectly为副词短语作状语4．extremelyfast为副词短语作状语5．tooyoung为形容词短语作表语clearlyenough为副词短语作状语6．ashoestore为名词短语作宾语bigandtidy为形容词短语作表语apairofshoes为名词短语作宾语7．Thelittlegirl为名词短语作主语nervousandfrightened为形容词短语作状语8．Thesebooksforchildren为名词短语作主语muchtooeasy为形容词短语作表语9.名词短语作宾语10．名词短语;主语11．副词短语;状语12．名词短语;宾语13．名词短语;宾语14．形容词短语;表语15．形容词短语;表语16．名词短语;表语17．名词短语;同位语六、用所给词的适当形式修饰画线部分，并指出短语的词性。1．Hearingthenews,Iaswellasmyclassmatesworeanexpression.(annoy)2．Janefeltanxiouswhenitwasbeginningtorain.(real)3．Asadoctor,heisresponsibleforhispatients.(very)4．I’mhungry.Iwantabigpieceofbreadtoeat.(terrible)5．IhavebeenlivinginthecityforovertenyearssoI’mfamiliarwithit.(quite)6．Whenhewasateenager,anaccidentnearlytookhislife.(car)7．Thankstotheirwork,thenewbridgehasbeenpleted.(hard)8．Weplannedtoinviteanexperttotrainthesenewworkers.(famous)9．Herushedoutofthedoorquicklyanddisappearedinthedarkness.(so)10．Withthesemachines,wefinishedtheworkaheadofschedule.(modern,advanced)【答案】1．theannoyingnews(NP);anannoyedexpression(NP)2．reallyanxious(AdjP)3．veryresponsible(AdjP)4．terriblyhungry(AdjP)5．quitefamiliar(AdjP)6．acaraccident(NP)7．hardwork(NP)8．afamousexpert(NP)9．soquickly(AdvP)10．modernandadvancedmachines(NP)六.写出下列加黑短语的构成形式及在句中所作成分1.

Thetallestboy

inourclassisLiLei．2.ShestudiesEnglish

veryhard．3.Tomcarefullywrote

someletters

tohisfriends．4.I’dliketogoto

coffeeshop

thisweekend．5.

Surprisinglyenough,

herefusedouroffer．【答案】1.

限定词＋形容词＋名词；作主语2.副词＋副词；作状语3.形容词＋名词；作宾语4.名词＋名词；作宾语5.副词＋副词；作状语七.写出下列短文中加黑的短语属于名词短语、形容词短语还是副词短语，并写出其所作的成分InCanada，volunteeringis1.extremelymonamongpeopleofallages.Theybelievethatbeinghelpfulis2.oneofthemostimportantqualitiestohave.Therearemanyformsof3.voluntaryworkandopportunitiestohelpareeverywhere，includingschoolsorpeople’sgardens.I’mvolunteeringforanorganizationtoassist4.theteachersthere.I’minchargeofapreschoolclass，wherestudentsare5.verylovely.WhenIfirststarted，Iwas6.quitenervousasI’dneverworkedwithlittlekidsbefore.Astimewenton，Ibecamemorefamiliarwiththem.Oneteacheraskedmetohelp7.theyoungestgirlintheclassdrawapicturebasedontheword“grateful”．AsIwasdrawingandtalkingwithher，Igraduallyfelt8.warmandpeaceful，andIrealizeditwasnotthatdifficulttoworkwithchildren.Whentheclasswasover，Ifeltreallyexcitedandeven9.abitproudofwhatIhaddone.Volunteeringgivesusnotonlyanopportunitytochangesomeone’slifebutalsothesatisfactionofhelpingothers.Itisalsoagreatwaytodevelopsocialskillsandvaluableexperienceforourfuture.Forexample，Ihavelearnedtospeaktoothers10.morekindlyandclearly.答案1.形容词短语；作表语2.名词短语；作表语3.名词短语；作宾语4.名词短语；作宾语5.形容词短语；作表语6.形容词短语；作表语7.名词短语；作宾语8.形容词短语；作表语9.形容词短语；作表语10.副词短语；作状语八、完成句子。1.这个毕业生将成为一名好教师。_________________________________2.不要难过，一切都会好的。_________________________________3.出席会议的人被带到城里各处参观。_________________________________4.珍妮对待事情总是太认真，这让我们很困惑。_________________________________5.我们很幸运地找到了一个解决这个问题的办法。_________________________________6.我喜欢花园里这些漂亮的花。→Ilove_________________________________.

7.我的话让他高兴得像个孩子。→Mywordsmadehim_________________________________.

8.看树上那只漂亮的鸟。→Lookat_________________________________.

9.他说话声音很大。→He's_________________________________.

10.他们买了一套带有花园的又大又宽的房子。→Theybought_________________________________.

【答案】1．Thegraduatewillmakeagoodteacher.2．Don’tfeelbad.Everythingwillbeallright.3．Thepeoplepresentatthemeetingwereshownaroundthecity.4．Jennyalwaystakesthingstooseriously，whichmakesusconfused.5．Wewerefortunateenoughtofindasolutiontothequestion.6.thesebeautifulflowersinthegarden7.happylikeachild8.thebeautifulbirdinthetree9.speakingveryloud10.abigwidehousewithagardenPartfour综合必刷30题Passage01Shanghaihasaddedanother162parksthisyear,bringing1totalto832andmakingabigsteptowards2(it)goalof“acityintheparks”.Ofthe832parks,265arepocketparksthatprovidesmalloutdoorplaces3(cover)anareaofbetween400to10,000m2forthepublic.ParksinShanghaiarenotjustplacestorelaxortakeawalk.4(actual),theyhavebee“ecologicalparlors(客厅)”ofthecity,in5peoplecanenjoyvariousactivities.Forexample,oneoftheparks6(feature)artandculturalelementstoenrichthevisitorexperience.Atpresent,around200activitieshavebeenscheduledfortheseparks.Shanghaiisalsodevelopinganumberofparkswith7(diverse)functionsthanthepresentones.HepingParkinHongkouDistrictisgoingtointroduceabookstorewitha8(collect)ofmorethan1,500journals.whileLujiazuiCentralGreenlandinthePudongNewAreawillhostcoffeethemedactivitiessuchascoffeeculturefestivals.Apopupcafe.CoffeeCube,istostarttrialoperationintheparknextmonth.Ofcourse,parkshavealsobeesportsandfitnessvenues(场地),andnearly300parksinurbanareashavebeenequipped9fitnessandsportsfacilities(设施).XujiahuiParkinXuhuiDistricthasconstructedabasketballcourt,afitnesstrackandatabletennisvenue,andGongqingForestParkandBinjiangForestParkhaveintroducedactivitiessuchasfishingandwalking10(raise)healthawarenessamongthepublic.【答案】1．the2．its3．covering4．Actually5．which6．features7．morediverse8．collection9．with10．toraise【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是上海在创建“花园城市”活动中取得的最新进展。1．考查冠词。句意：上海今年又增加了162个公园，使总数达到832个，向“公园之城”的目标迈进了一大步。根据上文中的“Shanghaihasaddedanother162parksthisyear”可知，上海又增加162个公园，由此可知，此处的total特指当前的总数，所以使用定冠词the。故填the。2．考查代词。句意：上海今年又增加了162个公园，使总数达到832个，向“公园之城”的目标迈进了一大步。分析句子结构可知，此空后为名词作宾语，所以此处应为形容词性物主代词，it的形容词性物主代词应为its。故填its。3．考查现在分词。句意：在832个公园中，有265个是袖珍公园，为公众提供面积在400至10,000平方米之间的小型户外场所。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词places，cover与places之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填covering。4．考查副词。句意：实际上，它们已经成为城市的“生态客厅”，人们可以在其中享受各种活动。分析句子结构可知，此处为副词作状语修饰整个句子，actual的副词应为actually意为“实际上”，且位于句首，所以首字母需大写。故填Actually。5．考查定语从句。句意：实际上，它们已经成为城市的“生态客厅”，人们可以在其中享受各种活动。分析句子结构可知，此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，此空在句子中作介词in的宾语，先行词“ecologicalparlors”指的是事物，所以使用关系代词which。故填which。6．考查谓语动词。句意：例如，其中一个公园以艺术和文化元素为特色，丰富游客的体验。分析句子结构可知，此处为谓语动词，根据句意可知，此处描述的是该公园具有的特征，所以使用一般现在时，feature与主语one之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填features。7．考查形容词比较级。句意：上海还在开发一些比现有公园功能更多样化的公园。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作定语修饰functions，根据空后的than可知，此处应为形容词的比较级，diverse的比较级形式为morediverse意为“更多样化的”符合句意。故填morediverse。8．考查名词。句意：虹口区和平公园将引进一家拥有1500多种期刊的书店。分析句子结构可知，空前有不定冠词a，所以此处应为名词作量词，collect的名词为collection，且空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用名词单数形式。故填collection。9．考查介词。句意：当然，公园也成为了运动健身的场所，城市地区有近300个公园配备了健身运动设施。分析句子结构可知，此处为固定短语beequippedwith意为“装备有……”符合句意。故填with。10．考查动词不定式。句意：徐汇区徐家汇公园建设了篮球场、健身跑道和乒乓球场地，共青森林公园和滨江森林公园引入了钓鱼、散步等活动，以提高公众的健康意识。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示的是目的，所以使用动词不定式形式。故填toraise。Passage02Inthepastyear,Ihadanunforgettableexperienceoflearningtaichi.Honestlyspeaking,IadmittedthatI11(feel)hesitantatfirstbutwithtimepassingby,itreallyhadahugeeffectonme12(physical)andmentally.NotonlywereIdeeplyimpressedbythemovesthatcaughtmyimagination,suchas“whitecranespreadingitswings”and“goldenroosterstandingononeleg”,butalsoI13(inspire)toexploreChineseculture.Itisallaboutkeepingabalancebetweenyinandyang,14arebelievedtoformtheunityofopposites.Thepracticeoftaichiaims15(maintain)thebalanceofourbodythroughopposite16(movement):upanddown,leftandright,forwardsandbackwards,breathinginandbreathingout.Byperformingtheroutine,taichieventuallybrings17astateofphysicalandmentalpeace.Nowonderitisabestwaytorelaxyourmindandbody.Ialsoexperiencedashortperiodoftirednessandboredom.Thankstothepatientguidanceofprofessionalcoach,Igraduallyfoundtomy18(satisfy)thatIcouldfocusonpeaceofmindandsleepbetter,19(enable)metostaycoolunderpressure.IamsureIwillcontinuetopracticetaichiandenjoy20benefitsithasbroughtme.【答案】11．felt12．physically13．wasinspired14．which15．tomaintain16．movements17．about18．satisfaction19．enabling20．the【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者学习太极拳的经历以及好处。11．考查时态。句意：老实说，我承认一开始我很犹豫，但随着时间的推移，这对我的身心都产生了巨大的影响。设空处在宾语从句中作谓语，根据主句谓语admitted以及句意可知，本句为一般过去时。故填felt。12．考查副词。句意：老实说，我承认一开始我很犹豫，但随着时间的推移，这对我的身心都产生了巨大的影响。副词作状语，修饰动词。故填physically。13．考查时态语态。句意：我不仅被“白鹤展翅”、“金鸡单腿站立”等打动了我的想象力，也激发了我对中国文化的探索。主语I与谓语inspire之间为被动关系，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wasinspired。14．考查定语从句。句意：这一切都是为了保持阴阳之间的平衡，阴阳被认为是对立的统一。先行词为yinandyang，设空处指代先行词，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，填关系代词which。故填which。15．考查不定式。句意：练习太极的目的是通过相反的动作来保持我们身体的平衡：上下，左右，前后，吸气和呼气。aimtodosth目标是做某事。故填tomaintain。16．考查名词复数。句意：练习太极的目的是通过相反的动作来保持我们身体的平衡：上下，左右，前后，吸气和呼气。根据“upanddown,leftandright,forwardsandbackwards”可知，表示多个动作，用名词复数形式。故填movements。17．考查介词。句意：通过练习，太极最终带来了一种身心平静的状态。bringabout“产生”符合句意。故填about。18．考查名词。句意：在专业教练的耐心指导下，我逐渐满意地发现，我可以更好地专注于平静的心态和睡眠，让我在压力下保持冷静。设空处作宾语，填名词satisfaction“满意”，不可数；toone’ssatisfaction意为“令某人满意的是”。故填satisfaction。19．考查非谓语动词。句意：在专业教练的耐心指导下，我逐渐满意地发现，我可以更好地专注于平静的心态和睡眠，让我在压力下保持冷静。空处为非谓语动词，上文陈述的内容与动词enable之间为逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填enabling。20．考查冠词。句意：我相信我会继续练习太极，享受它给我带来的好处。特指太极所带来的好处，用定冠词the。故填the。Passage03Facialsurgery(手术)isaseriousbusiness,especiallyonchildren21arenotyetfullygrownbutMelbourneresearchersaredevelopingatechniquethatcouldchangethefaceofchildren’ssurgery.Thisnew22(develop)willallowdoctorstoworkoutachild’snormalfaceshapeatdifferentagestopredict(预测)futuregrowth.ResearchersattheMurdochChildren’sResearchInstitute(MCRI)couldsoonreplacetherulercurrently23(use)totrackchangesinachild’sheadandfacewith3Dimages.By24(improve)theabilitytopredictnormalgrowthandfuturechangesinachild’sface,doctorswillbeableto25(well)pletetheirsurgerythanbefore.MCRI’sMrHaroldMatthewssaidcurrent26(method),includingusingpatients’photographsandXrayswereslow.Together27researchersinBelgium,MrMatthewsispioneeringanewtoolthatprovidesaverages(平均值)fornormalgrowthofthefacethroughoutchildhood.Theprojectint