衔接点06新课6Unit3Gettingalongwithothers（语法写作预习）（译林版2020）

新课6Unit3Gettingalongwithothers（语法写作预习）1.语法：由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句2.Writing：介绍类文章语法精讲：由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句在复合句中作定语，修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句由关系词引导。限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，若省略，主句的内容就不完整或失去意义；它和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号分开。先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。关系词指代先行词，在从句中作一定的句子成分。引导定语从句的关系代词有which，that，who，whom，whose，as等。[观察例句]1．Doyouknowthemanthat/whoiswaitingoutside.2．Heshowedmethephotos(that/which)hetookonhistriptoXi'an.3．Simonisthepoormanwhosecarhasbeenstolen.4．Iliketheway(that/inwhich)shesmiles.5．Thetreesthat/whicharebehindtheofficebuildinghavelosttheirleaves.6．ThenanotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.7．Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.8．Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.[归纳用法]一、定语从句的先行词先行词是定语从句修饰和限定的成分，从构成上而言，它可以是名词、代词、名词性短语等；从句子成分上而言，它可以是主句的主语、宾语、表语等。下面，我们从两个实例来看一下定语从句及其相关成分的分布：找出下列定语从句中的先行词①Isthisthebookwhichyourfatherboughtforyou？ thebook②Whoisthemanthatisspeakingtoyourmother？ theman③Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.theman ④Somepeoplewhoaresuccessfullanguagelearnersoftenfailinotherfields. Somepeople二．判断定语从句的关系代词的方法：如果名词或代词后有一个句子，并且该名词或代词在句子中充当成分，则该句子就是定语从句。主要按照以下三步来判断：1.找准先行词（定语从句前的名词或代词）。2.把先行词还原到定语从句中，看充当什么成分。3.根据先行词在定语从句中所充当的成分以及句意来选用适当的引导词。三．关系代词的基本用法关系代词指代在从句中的成分that人/物主语/宾语/表语which物主语/宾语/表语who人主语/宾语/表语whom人宾语whose人/物定语四．易混的关系代词辨析：（一）that和which1.用that，不用which的情况①当先行词为不定代词：everything,anything,nothing,all,any,much,many,some,few,little,none等或当先行词被no,some,any,all,much,little等词修饰时，只能用that。Togetthejobstarted,allthatIneedisyourpermission.要开始工作，我所需要的是你的许可。

IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?有什么要我做的事吗?

Heansweredfewquestionsthatwereaskedbythereporters.他几乎没有回答记者提问的问题。②当先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame等词修饰时。That’stheonlythingthatwecandonowThisistheverypenthatIamlookingfor.这正是我找的钢笔。③当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。Thiswasoneofthemostinterestingbooksthatweresoldinthisbookstore.这是这家书店售出的最有趣的书之一。

Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistogetsomefood.该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。④当先行词中同时包括人和物时。I’mgoingtotalkaboutthecountriesandpeoplethatIhavevisited.我要谈论一下我访问的国家和人民。⑤当要避免与疑问词which重复时。

WhichistheTshirtthatfitsmemost?那件体恤衫最适合我？2.用which，不用that的情况①在非限制性定语从句中Football,whichisaninterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.全世界都踢足球，它是有趣的运动。②介词提前时，不用that，而用which，介词不提前时，用that和which都可。Thisistheroominwhichmyfatherlivedlastyear.=Thisistheroom(that/which)myfatherlivedinlastyear.这是我父亲去年居住过的房子。（二）thesame…as…和thesame…that…①thesame…as…表示“类似的一个，而不是同一个”（相似性）②thesame…that…表示“同一个”（同一性）Ihaveboughtthesamewatchasyouhave.我买了一块和你的一样的手表。（相似的，非同一个）ThisisthesamewatchthatIlost.这就是我丢的那块手表。（同一个）五．关系代词易错点：1.关系代词的省略关系代词做宾语时，在限制性定语从句中可省略，在非限制性定语从句中不省略。Hangzhouisabeautifulcity(that/which)Ialwayswanttovisit.（在限制性定语从句中作visit的宾语，可以省略）杭州是我总想参观的一个美丽城市。Hangzhou,whichIvisitedlastweek,isabeautifulcity.（在非限制性定语从句中作visited的宾语，不可省略）杭州是一个美丽的城市，我上周去参观过。2.从句中代词的重复多余定语从句中的引导词指代先行词,从句中不能再出现指代该先行词的代词。ThebookthatIreadityesterdayisveryinteresting.（×）ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting.（√）我昨天读的那本书很有趣。3.what不引导定语从句定语从句中有关系代词that和which而没有what，what可以引导名词性从句。Allthatweneedisasupplyofoil.(that引导定语从句，修饰先行词all)Whatweneedisasupplyofoil.(what引导主语从句)我们需要的是石油供应。4.that不引导非限制性定语从句（用逗号隔开）在非限制性定语从句，不能用关系代词that。如果指代“人”，用who/whom，指代“物”，用which。Thebasketballstar,whotriedtomakeaeback,attractedlotsofattention.这位打算复出的篮球明星引起了很多关注。Hehasbeeadoctor,whichhewantedtobe.他成为了一名医生，这是他以前一直梦想的。5.whose+n.=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.名词之前必须有the。Iliveintheroomwhosewindow/thewindowofwhich/ofwhichthewindowfacessouth.我住在窗子朝南开的房间里。6.定语从句中的主谓一致:关系代词在定语从句中做主语时,从句谓语通常与先行词在人称和数上保持一致。注意：当先行词为“oneof+复数名词”

时定语从句的谓语动词用复数形式；当先行词为“the(only/very)oneof+复数名词”

时定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。Heisagoodstudentwholikestohelpothers.他是一个乐于助人的好学生。Theyaregoodstudentswholiketohelpothers.他们是乐于助人的好学生。Heisoneofthestudentswhowerepraised.他是一个受到表扬的学生之一。Heistheone/theonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraised.他是唯一一个受到表扬的学生。7.关系代词前有介词时(介词提前).指人只用whom,指物只用whichThisistheboywithwhomhetalked.Thisistheringonwhichshespent1000dollars.六.宜用who不宜用that的情况Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.SheoftentellsmethatIcanbeanyonewhoIwanttobe,aslongasI’mconfidentofsuccess.用法归纳当先行词是指人的代词anyone

、those、one、ones或he

、they等时,关系代词宜用who。七、定语从句的时态TheprofessorwhoislecturingnowisfromCanada.TheprofessorwholecturedyesterdayisfromCanada.TheprofessorwhowilllecturetomorrowisfromCanada.用法归纳定语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态的影响,主要根据从句谓语动词表示的动作的发生时间、具体的语境和意义而定。八、定语从句的主谓一致Sheisoneofthestudentswhowanttogoabroad.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowantstogoabroad.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloththatgivesofflightinthedark.用法归纳1.因为关系词指代的是先行词,当关系词在从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的单复数应该和先行词保持一致。2.当从句前为“oneofthe+n.\[pl.\]”且关系词在定语从句中充当主语时,定语从句修饰的是这个复数名词,因此定语从句中的谓语动词用复数形式。3.当定语从句前为“theonlyoneofthe+n.\[pl.\]”且关系词在定语从句中充当主语时,定语从句修饰的是“theonlyone”,因此定语从句中的谓语动词用单数形式。一.单句语法填空1.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhose

shoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.2.Davidhadabraindiseasewhich/that

preventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeotherchildren.3.Thisspecialbuildingisaplaceinwhich

theatreismade.4.Levineandhisresearchteamselectedvolunteersagedbetween45and64who/that

didnotexercisemuchbutwereotherwisehealthy.5.Youmaybethefriendwholeftortheonewho

wasleftbehind.6.Afterthefireinhishouse,theoldcaristheonlythingthat

heowns.7.Thisisthemostseriousandworstsituationthat

IhaveeverexperiencedasafanoftheNBA.8.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonsthat

herememberedintheschool.9.Heisthemanwho/thathasofferedsomeusefuladvice.10.Itisthemostexpensivehotelthathehaseverstayedin.11.Heistheboyofwhomweareproudinourschool.12.Thebuildingwhosedoorsarewhiteisanofficebuilding.13.Anyonewhohashelpedtosavetheoldmanisworthpraising.14.Sheistheonlyoneofthechildrenwhois(be)goodatmusichere.15.ThefirstplacethatshevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum.16.Wedon'tknowthenumberofpeoplewho/thatlosttheirhomesintheflood.17.Thosewhowanttogotothepartymustbeattheschoolgateby5p．m.18.Thefilmthat/whichyouarelookingforwardtoseeingwillbeonnextweek.二.完成句子1.你使用筷子的方式是重要的,以避免使你的同伴生气。Thewaythat

/Thewayinwhich

youhandlechopsticksisimportanttoavoidannoyingyourpanions.2.在中国古代有一位画家,他的画栩栩如生。InancientChinalivedanartistWhosepaintingswere

almostlifelike.3.他是唯一在昨天的会议上受到表扬的学生。Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhowaspraised

atyesterday’smeeting.一.单句语法填空1.Allmyclassmatesenjoyedthecake___________Imade.2.Shehasabrother_____________nameIcan'tremember.3.Itisbelievedbymanypeoplethattheman__________makesnomistakesdoesnotusuallymakeanything.4.MysisterTinalikesreadingnovels__________werewrittenbyCharlesDickens.5.ItisanAustralianpany_____________logolookslikearedkangaroo.6.Thebook_____________Iborrowedfromthelibraryyesterdayisveryinteresting.7.Thisisthebestfilm_____________wehaveevermadeaboutfriendship.8.Ireallyadmirepeople______________canworkinsuchdifficultconditions.9.Theman_____________wemetinthestreetjustnowusedtobemyEnglishteacher.10.Iadmiretheway___________hesolvestheproblem.(which/that)2.whose3.who/that4.which/that5.whose6.(which/that)7.(that)8.who/that9.(who/whom/that)10.(inwhich/that)二.短文语法填空I'dskippednearbyGuilin，1.isadreamplacefortourists2.(seek)thelimestonemountaintopsanddarkwatersoftheLiRiver3.arepicturedbyartistsinsomanyChinesepaintings.Instead，I'dheadedstraightforYangshuo.Forthose4.flytoGuilin，it'sonlyanhourawaybycarandoffersallthesceneryofthebetter­knowncity.Yangshuoisreallybeautiful.Astudyoftravellers5.wasconductedbythewebsiteTripAdvisornamesYangshuoasoneofthetop10destinations6.arefamousintheworld.Andthetownisfastbeingapopularweekenddestinationforpeopleandtheirfamilies7.areinAsia.Abercrombie&Kent，8.isatravelpanyinHongKong，saysit9.(regular)arrangesquickgetawayshereforpeople10.liveinShanghaiandHongKong.1.which2.seeking3.that/which4.who5.that/which6.that/which7.that/who8.which9.regularly10.who/that写作精讲介绍类文章本单元的写作任务是描述一下好的朋友应具备的品质。写此类文章时，我们可以分三个部分来写作。写作要求是说明真正的朋友应具备的品质，写作时应注意下面几点：1．文章应以一般现在时为主。2．由于是就对方的问题表达自己的看法，所以人称应该以第二人称和第三人称为主。[基本框架]1．开头——先总体介绍一个好的朋友应该是怎样的；2．主体——然后再分别介绍一个好的朋友必须具备的几种品质；3．结尾——最后进行总结。[常用词块]1．aboywithgreatability一个能干的男孩2．apromisingwriter一位有前途的作家3．sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力地去做某事4．haveawiderangeofinterests兴趣广泛5．getonwellwith与……相处融洽6．aconsiderateperson体贴别人的人7．bewillingtohelpothers乐于助人8．beexpertin/at善于……9．beingoodhealth/shape/condition身体健康10．gainscholarship获得奖学金11．gain/winthefirstprize/place获得一等奖/第一名12．beawardedwiththetitleof获得……的称号/头衔13．makegreatcontributionsto对……作出巨大贡献14．setagoodexampletosb.为某人树立好榜样15．toone'scredit值得赞扬的是16．careaboutsb.关心某人17．showrespectforsb.尊重某人18．berude/kindtosb.对某人无礼/和蔼可亲[常用语句]※精彩开头1．Astheoldsayinggoes，“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”常言道：“患难见真情。”2．AsfarasI'mconcerned，tobuildagoodrelationship，weshouldtrusteachotherfirst.就我个人而言，要建立良好的关系，我们首先应该彼此信任。3．Inmyopinion，agoodfriendshouldbe...在我看来，一个好朋友应该是……4．Frommypointofview，agoodfriendislikelyto...从我的观点来看，一个好朋友很可能……※正文佳句1．SheisLiHua，an18­year­oldgirlstudentinClassOne，GradeThree.Sheisopen­minded，easy­goingandenthusiastic.她叫李华，18岁，是三年级一班的一位女学生。她心胸开阔，性格随和，热情好客。2．Lastbutnotleast，heiswarm­heartedandwillingtohelpothersinneed.最后但同等重要的是，他是热心的，愿意帮助有需要的人。3．Hisgreatpersonalityhasgainedtheirrespect.他伟大的品质赢得了他们的尊重。4．Shemakesapromisethatshewillbehaveherselfandsetagoodexampletoschoolmates.她承诺，她会表现好的，并为同学们树立好榜样。5．Mymother，ahousewifeof45yearsold，ismyfavoriteperson.Sheisalwaysdressedveryneatlywithasmileofcontentmentonherface.我最喜爱的人是我的妈妈，一个45岁的家庭主妇。她总是穿着整齐，脸上带着满足的微笑。6．Asformypersonality，IthinkI'mveryhonestandhaveastrongsenseofresponsibility.性格方面，我觉得自己是一个坦诚和富有责任心的人。7．Sheistallandslimwithbigbrighteyesandblackhair.她个子高挑，身材苗条，有一双大而明亮的眼睛和一头黑发。8．Beinghonestisthefirstfactorthatagoodfriend...诚实是一个好朋友的首要因素……9．Secondly，beinggenerousis...第二，慷慨是……10．Lastly，beinghelpfulisasimportantas...最后，帮助别人和……一样重要。※余味结尾1．Generallyspeaking，agoodfriendshouldhave...通常来说，好朋友应该具有……。2．Inaword，agoodfriendshould...总之，好朋友应该……。假如你是李华，你的同学Lucy发现被好朋友欺骗了，很是苦恼，不知道还该不该继续她们的友谊。于是她向你询问“什么是真正的朋友？”请你根据下面的提示给她写一封电子邮件。1．真正朋友的特点是：……2．学着去了解别人，找到真正的好朋友；3．表达祝愿。注意：1．词数80左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJohn，I'msorrytohearthatyourbestfriendhastrickedyou.Yours，LiHua【学生习作】DearLucy，I'msorrytohearthatyourbestfriendhastrickedyou.I'dliketoofferyousomeadvice.Beforeyoumakeadecision，you'dbetterthinkthewholethingthrough.Yourfriendreallytrickedyouonpurpose.It'stimeforyoutoletgoofyourfriendship.Firstofall，agoodfriendisapersonyoucantrust.Secondly，whenyouwillgetintotrouble，yourfriendwilltrytohelpyouout.Thatis，agoodfriendshouldbehelpful.Thirdly，agoodfriendshouldbeunderstanding.Wheneveryoufeelsadorlone，he/sheiswillingtosparesometimetokeepyoupany.Ihopethatyouwillfindatrulygoodfriendandhe/shewillalsovalueyouverymuch.Yours，LiHua点评：1.左栏的文章中运用了含状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句等的复合句。2.offer，thinkthrough，trick，onpurpose，letgoof，getintotrouble，help...out，helpful，understanding，bewillingtodo，sparesometimetodosth，keepsbpany，truly，value等的应用也恰到好处。3.文中含有时态错误(如whenyouwillgetintotrouble)和词语误用(lone应为lonely)。4.分段不合理，如将第二、三段合并为一段，全文采用三段式就好了。【升格作文】DearLucy，I'msorrytohearthatyourbestfriendhastrickedyou.I'dliketoofferyousomeadvice.Beforemakingadecision，you'dbetterthinkthewholethingthrough.Ifyourfriendreallytrickedyouonpurpose，it'stimeforyoutoletgoofyourfriendship.Firstly，agoodfriendisapersonyoucantrust.Secondly，whenyougetintotrouble，yourfriendwilltrytohelpyouout.Thirdly，agoodfriendshouldbeunderstanding.Wheneveryoufeelsadorlonely，he/sheiswillingtosparesometimetokeepyoupany.Ihopethatyouwillfindatrulygoodfriendwhowillalsovalueyouverymuch.Yours，LiHua一假定你是李华，希望通过外籍老师John找一位英语笔友。请写一封信，描述一下你理想中笔友的条件，并说明为什么选这样的笔友。具体条件包括：1．年龄；2．性别；3．爱好(旅游、运动、养宠物等)。注意：1.词数80左右；2．开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearJohn，I'mwritingtoaskwhetheryouareabletodomeafavour.Yourssincerely，LiHua【参考范文】DearJohn，I'mwritingtoaskwhetheryouareabletodomeafavour.Iwanttohaveapenfriend，hopefullyagirlinherearlytwenties.Sheshouldbeinterestedintravelling，swimming，andplayingtabletennis.Besides，itwouldbebetterforhertohaveapetdogasIhavekeptoneathome.Withsuchapenfriend，Ihopewecansharewithherourexperiencesintravelling，takingcareofpetsandsoon.IhopeIwillimprovemyEnglishbydoingso.I'mlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.Yourssincerely，LiHua二你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题,写一篇短文参赛,内容包括:1.人物简介;2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。注意:1.词数100左右;2.短文题目和首句已为你写好。ThepersonIrespectTherearemanyrespectablepeoplearoundus.答案ThepersonIrespectTherearemanyrespectablepeoplearoundus.Asforme,myfatheristheoneIrespect.Heisadoctorandalwaystakesapositiveattitudetowardslife.

TherearevariousreasonswhyIadmirehim.Asadoctor,heisdevotedtohisjob,saying“Nothingismoreimportantthansavingalife,howeverdifficultitis.”InMarch,hevolunteeredtogotoWuhan,determinedtohelpthosesufferingfromCOVID⁃19despitetheriskofbeinginfected,whichmademepromotetheunderstandingofbraveryandresponsibility.Asafather,notonlydoeshecareaboutmylife,buthealsoinspiresmetosetahighaimandstriveforit.Butforhisencouragement,Icouldn'thavemadesomuchprogress.Suchismyfather,agreatmanwhosetsagoodexampleformeandIlovehimagreatdeal.一.阅读理解AATourAroundTasmania,AustraliaetoTasmania,Australiaforagreattouraroundthecoasts,wetlands,rainforests,nationalparksandmountainsinsearchofitsuniquewildlifeandbeautifulscenery.Expecttoseedifferenttypesofwildlifefromlittlepenguinstoalargenumberofbirds.Withjust10placesavailable(可获得的),allguestswillhaveadeeplypersonalexperience,inafriendlyatmospheredesignedtohavelittleeffectontheplacesvisited.TourDetails:◎Lastingupto12days◎Travelingonfootorbyboat◎Asmallgrouptourwithjust10guests◎LedthroughoutbybiologistNickMooney◎Seeingsomeunusualandendangeredwildlife◎Stayingin4⁃starhotels,wood⁃builtrainforesthousesandfarms◎VisitingMountFieldNationalPark,CradleMountain,MariaIslandandBrunyIslandThetourisperfectforthosenature⁃lovers,asitactsasafantasticintroductiontoTasmania'samazingplantsandanimalsandhowitisbeingprotectedwhileallowingthosewithadeepunderstandingofwildlifeprotectiontoobserveagreatmanyspeciesonland,intheskyandatsea.Emailusattobooknowandwewillprovideyouwithmoreinformation.1.Whatdoyouknowaboutthetour?A.Itisaguidedtourbyabiologist. B.Itlaststendays.C.Itoffershotelsforfree. D.Itoffersabus.2.Whatshouldpeopledoonthetour?A.Protectnature. B.Feedwildlife.C.Stayawayfromforests. D.Visittwelveattractions.3.Howshouldthetourbebooked?A.Byphone. B.Byemail.C.Byletter. D.Bygoingtoatravelpany.◎语篇解读本文是一篇应用文,主要介绍了澳大利亚的塔斯马尼亚之旅。1.A细节理解题。根据TourDetails部分中的“LedthroughoutbybiologistNickMooney(由生物学家NickMooney全程带领)”可知,这次旅行由一位生物学家担任向导。故选A。2.A推理判断题。根据第二段中的“allguestswillhaveadeeplypersonalexperience,inafriendlyatmospheredesignedtohavelittleeffectontheplacesvisited(在一个旨在对参观的地方没有什么影响的友好的环境中,所有的客人都将有一次非常私人化的经历)”可知,人们在旅行中应该保护大自然。故选A。3.B细节理解题。根据最后一段“Emailusattobooknowandwewillprovideyouwithmoreinformation.(现在请给我们发送邮件至预订,我们将为您提供更多的信息。)”可知,人们应该通过发送电子邮件预订这趟旅行。故选B。【高频词汇】1.insearchof...为了寻找……2.sceneryn.风景3.atmospheren.气氛,环境4.haveeffecton...对……有影响5.upto多达6.throughoutadv.自始至终;遍及7.endangeredwildlife濒危野生动植物8.fantasticadj.极好的;了不起的9.observev.观察10.speciesn.物种11.forfree免费12.stayawayfrom远离13.attractionn.向往的地方;有吸引力的事【熟词生义】bookv.预订【差距词汇】biologistn.生物学家长难句原句Thetourisperfectforthosenature⁃lovers,asitactsasafantasticintroductiontoTasmania'samazingplantsandanimalsandhowitisbeingprotectedwhileallowingthosewithadeepunderstandingofwildlifeprotectiontoobserveagreatmanyspeciesonland,intheskyandatsea.分析该句是一个主从复合句。as引导的是原因状语从句,在该原因状语从句中,how引导的是宾语从句,作introduction后介词to的宾语,与Tasmania'samazingplantsandanimals并列,whileallowingthose...是带有连词while的现在分词短语作状语,withadeepunderstandingofwildlifeprotection为介词短语作后置定语,修饰前面的those。译文对于那些热爱大自然的人来说,这是一趟完美的旅行,因为它以绝妙的方式介绍了塔斯马尼亚令人惊奇的动植物,以及该地在允许那些对野生动植物保护有深刻理解的人可以观察陆地、天空和海里的许多物种的同时是如何受到保护的。BThehiketoChoquequirao,thelostIncacity,isoneofthemostdifficultthingsinPeru.FromthetownofCachora(161kmwestofCusco),it'san18⁃kilometerwalktotheCapuliyocMountain,thendowntoPlayaRosalina,wheretravellerscampforthenight.Wakingearly,travellersthenhavetocrosstheApurímacRiverandwalkuphilltocampclosetotheruins(残垣断壁).Then,thenextmorning,it'sanother2⁃kilometerwalkuptotheruins,3.1kmabovesealevel.Togetback?Well,it'sthesamewaythatyoutakewhenyoue.“I'vehadpeopleintheir60sand70sdoit,”saidaguide.“Butsomepeopleerightoutandsaythatbecauseit'sonly28km,theycandoitinaday.Sixorsevendaysforthehikeisbest.”Itmakessense,then,thatChoquequiraodrawsonlyabout30peopleadayduringthehighseason,paredtothe2,500peoplewhoarriveatthefamousIncacity,MachuPicchueachday.Butforthosewhomakethejourney,therewardsaregreat:beautifulmountainviews,andthechancetoexplorethewonderfulruins.BelievedtobecreatedaroundthesametimeasMachuPicchu,Choquequiraoisactuallylargerthanbetter⁃knownMachuPicchu.ButverylittlehasbeenwrittenaboutPeru'sotherlostcitiesandresearchersarestillunearthingnewpartsoftheruins.Butofficialssaythatthebuildingofthefirstcablecar(缆车)toChoquequiraowillshortentheseveral⁃daywalktoa15⁃minutecablecarride.Asaresult,thenumberoftravellerscouldreach3,000perday.Choquequiraoisbeautifulnowbecauseofhowuntoucheditis.EventhoughthelostcitywasdiscoveredbyaSpanishexplorerin1710,theruinsstillmakeyoufeelasthoughyouwerethefirsttofindthem.Willitbethesamewhenmoretravellersfloodin(大量涌入)?4.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.HowhighChoquequiraois. B.HowtogettoChoquequiraoeasily.C.WhatgreatviewsChoquequiraohas. D.HowhardthetriptoChoquequiraois.5.InwhatwayisChoquequiraodifferentfromMachuPicchu?A.Choquequiraoisolder. B.Choquequiraoisquieter.C.Choquequiraoissmaller. D.Choquequiraoisbetterknown.6.WhatstatearetheruinsofChoquequiraoin?A.They'restillbeingdugout. B.They'reingenerallypoorcondition.C.They'rebeingrepairedatthemoment. D.They'vebeenresearchedinternationally.7.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofChoquequiraointhefuture?A.Itwillbemoreattractive. B.Itwilldevelopatalowspeed.C.Itmaynottakeaturnforthebetter. D.Itwon'tbemorepopularthanMachuPicchu.◎语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了印加古城乔昆丘拉。4.D主旨大意题。第一段第一句为本段的主题句,指出了去往乔昆丘拉的徒步旅行非常艰难(oneofthemostdifficultthings),后文中的“an18⁃kilometerwalk”“thendownto”“thenhavetocross”“walkuphill”“another2⁃kilometerwalk”具体说明了去乔昆丘拉的旅途的艰难。故选D。5.B推理判断题。根据题干中的MachuPicchu可定位到第三段和第五段。根据第三段中的“30people”和“2,500people”的对比可知,去乔昆丘拉的人比去马丘比丘的人要少得多,所以乔昆丘拉更安静。故选B。根据第五段的“Believedtobecreatedaroundthesametime...Choquequiraoisactuallylargerthanbetter⁃knownMachuPicchu”可知,乔昆丘拉和马丘比丘几乎一样“古老”,但乔昆丘拉更大,马丘比丘更出名,故A、C、D三项可排除。6.A细节理解题。根据倒数第三段最后一句中的“researchersarestillunearthingnewpartsoftheruins”可知,废墟仍在挖掘中。故选A。7.C推理判断题。题干问的是作者对乔昆丘拉的未来的看法,文章中并未出现直接反映作者态度的词汇,故需从作者的文字描述中推测隐藏的情感信息。最后一段谈到乔昆丘拉因为未受影响(untouched)而美丽,最后一句作者提出问题“当更多的游客大量涌入后,它还能这样吗?”,这其实表达了作者的担忧,作者担心乔昆丘拉在未来不一定会变得更好,故选C。【高频词汇】1.makesense讲得通2paredto与……相比3.rewardn.回报v.奖励4.explorev.探索5.asaresult结果6.eventhou