2020届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试山师附中模拟卷打靶卷英语试题含答案

按秘密级事项管理★启用前202年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（打靶卷）英语试题注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThefollowingpropertieswhichtheWorldHeritageCommittee（世界遗产委员会）hasdecidedtoincludeontheListofWorldHeritageareunderthreat.CulturalLandscapeandArchaeologicalRemainsoftheBamiyanValley（Afghanistan）TheculturallandscapeandarchaeologicalremainsoftheBamiyanValleystandfortheartisticandreligiousdevelopmentswhichfromthe1sttothe13thcenturiescharacterizedancientBakhtria.TheareacontainsanumberofBuddhistmonasticensembles,aswellasstrongbuildingsfromtheIslamicperiod.HistoricCentreofVienna（Austria）ViennadevelopedfromearlyCelticandRomansettlementsintoaMedievalandBaroquecity,thecapitaloftheAustro-HungarianEmpire.ItplayedanimportantroleasaleadingEuropeanmusiccentre,fromthegreatageofVienneseClassicismthroughtheearlypartofthe20thcentury.ThehistoriccentreofViennaisrichinarchitecturalbuildings,includingBaroquecastlesandgardens,aswellasthelate-19th-centuryRingstrasselinedwithgrandbuildings,monumentsandparks.OkapiWildlifeReserve（DemocraticRepublicoftheCongo）TheOkapiWildlifeReserveoccupiesaboutone-fifthoftheIturiforestinthenorth-eastoftheDemocraticRepublicoftheCongo.TheCongoriverbasin,ofwhichthereserveandforestareapart,isoneofthelargestdrainagesystemsinAfrica.Thereservecontainsthreatenedspeciesofprimatesandbirdssurvivinginthewild.Italsohassomeamazingscenery,includingwaterfallsontheIturiandEpulurivers.ThereserveisinhabitedbytraditionalnomadicpygmyMbutiandEfehunters.1. WhichofthefollowingheritagesitesislocatedinAsia?A. OkapiWildlifeReserve.B. HistoricCentreofVienna.C. TheAustro-HungarianEmpire.D. CulturalLandscapeandArchaeologicalRemainsoftheBamiyanValley.2. WhomaygetinterestedinHistoricCentreofVienna?A. Musiccomposers.B. Birdsresearchers.C. Modembuildinglovers.D. NaturalSceneryPhotographer.3. Whatdothethreeworldheritagesiteshaveincommon?A. Theyareallindanger.B. Theyareclosedtothepublic.C.Theyfeaturelotsofancientbuildings.D.TheyaretoberemovedfromtheWorldHeritageList.BThe"cloudwar"istakingplaceasthedisputebetweentheUnitedStatesandChinaaboutdatahackingandcomputernetworksecuritygrowsstronger.ChinesecompaniessuchasAlibaba,BaiduandHuaweiareexpandingwithintheircountryandgainingcustomersinothercountries.Theyarecreatingdatacentersinmultiplecountriesandtryingtoselldatamanagementservicesthroughouttheworld.Theincreasingcompetitionincloudcomputingandstorageincursthenewchallengeandworriessomeexperts.Theyareconcernedaboutthesafetyofdata.Afterall,companiesoftenusethecloudtostoreimportant,confidentialinformationandtooperatesuchactivitiesasdata-drivenmachinery,telecommunications,bankingandtransportsystems—includingplansfordriverlessvehicles.LeeBranstetterisanassociateprofessorofeconomicsattheHeinzSchoolofPolicyandManagementoftheCarnegieMellonUniversity.Hetoldmanymulti-nationalcompanies"haveseriousconcernsabouttheprotectionoftheirintellectualproperty（知识产权）."Branstettersaidsomeoftheselargecompaniesalreadybelievetheyhavelostvaluableinformation.SheilaJasanoffisthedirectoroftheprogramonscience,technologyandsocietyatHarvard'sKennedySchool.Shecalledthecloudcomputingindustry"unruly".Inotherwords,theindustryisnotstrictlygoverned."People（inthebusiness）aremakingrulesastheygoalongortakingadvantageofthelackofrules,"Jasanoffsaid.Shesaidcloudcomputingcompaniesarenotclearaboutwhatsecuritymeasurestheyarepromisingcustomers.Sheisworriedthatamajoraccidentmayhappenbeforegovernmentsrealizetheneedforstrongerrulesinthecloudcomputingindustry.Shebelievesthereshouldbeinternationally-acceptedrulestomeetthenewchallenge.Butshedoesnotbelieveaninternationalagreementwillbereachedanytimesoon.4.Whatdoesthe"cloudwar"referto?A.Thewarupinthesky.B.Somekindofcoldwar.C.TheChina-USrelationship.D.Thecompetitiononthe"cloud".5.WhatconcernssomeexpertsaccordingtoParagraph2?A.Informationsecurity.B.Warsamongcountries.C.Thestorageof“cloud”.D.Thelackoftechnology.6.WhichofthefollowingmaybeconsistentwithJasanoff'sopinion?A.Amajoraccidentisboundtotakeplacesoon.B.Anagreementistobereachedinthenearfuture.C.Thecloudindustryneedsguidingandmonitoring.D.Governmentshavekeptaneyeoncloudindustry.7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.China'sRiseorNotB.NewWar,NewChallengeC.ChancesonCloudInformationD.GrowthofCloudComputingIndustryCRecentyearshavewitnessedthegrowthofluxury（奢侈品）brands.It'sclearthatanewgenerationofyoung,materialisticpeopleisincreasinglyrelyingonluxurybrandstoimproveitsself-image.Iamafashionistatoo,atleastinspirit---Ilovetolookatclothesandshoes.ButIdon'tunderstandwhypeoplespendlotsofmoneyondesignerlabels.Whenayoungwomanbuysahandbagthatcoststwomonthsofhersalary,that'sascarything.What'sinterestingisthatscientistshavefoundthathavingluxurythingsdoesn'tleadtohappiness.Studyafterstudyhasshownthatalthoughwewantmaterialthings,whenwegetthemwedon'tsuddenlybecome"happy"people.Infact,aseriesofstudieshaveshownthatindividualswhospendmoneyontravelandsimilarexperiencesgetmorepleasurethanthoseonmaterialthings.That'sbecauseexperiencesaremoreeasilyintegratedintoaperson'sidentity.IfItraveltoYunnan,thatadventureaffectshowIthinkinthefuture.Mymemoriesbecomeapartofme.Moreover,asVanBovenhasobserved,youngpeoplewhopursuehappinessthrough“things"arelikedlessbytheirpeers.Peoplepreferthosewhopursuehappinessthroughexperiences.It'snaturaltowanttoexpressyourselfthroughyourappearance.Somyadviceis:createalookthatisn'ttiedtoadesignerlabel.Conveyyourownmessage.TakesomelessonsfromthelateAppleco-founderSteveJobs.HewasalwaysinLevisjeansandablackturtleneck.MarkZuckerberg,founderofFacebook,routinelyappearsinhoodiesandsneakers.Thesepeople,successfulpeople,havestyle.Youdon'thavetobreakthebanktosendamessageaboutwhoyouare.Takeatrip.Gooutintotheworld.Thencomebackandconfidentlycreateyourownsignaturelook.8.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsluxuryconsumption?A.Favorable.B.Negative.C.Positive.D.Unconcerned.9.What'sthemainideaofthefourthparagraph?A.Materialthingscan'tbringaboutjoy.B.Experiencessinkintopersonality.C.It'sbettertoinvestinexperiences.D.Others'preferenceisofimportance.10.WhyareSteveJobsandMarkZuckerbergmentionedinthetext?A.Tohonorthetwosuccesses.B.Toadvocatetheirexperience.C.Tosupporttheauthor'sargument.D.Toinspireyoungpeople'sambition.11.Whatistheunderlinedsentenceintendedtoexpress?A.Domindyourfinancialsecurity.B.Dotrytomakemoremoney.C.Don'trobabankforluxuries.D.Don'tspendmuchonyourimageDMorethan40%oftheinsectsarounduscouldbecomeextinctinnextfewdecades.Simultaneously,thepopulationoftheadaptableandgeneralspecieslikethatofhouseflies,cockroachesandfleasislikelytobloom.Althoughsomespeciesofinsectsarevectors（带菌者）ofseriousdiseases,orothersdestroycrop,butaworldwithoutinsectsisinconceivable.Theirimportanceininterconnectedecosystemsandfoodchainscanneverbeundermined.Insectshaveessentialrolesinterrestrialandfreshwaterecosystemsasherbivores,carnivoresanddecomposers.Thereare17timesasmanyinsectsashumans,andthesenumbersareessentialforproperfunctioningofallecosystems.Insectsareresponsibleforpollinatingaround75%ofthecropsintheworldandalsoserveasfoodforothercreatures.Theyreplenishsoilsandkeepthenumberofpestsincheck.Theprimarycauseofthisextinctionislossofhabitat.Beitthegrasslandsorwetlands,everythingisvanishinginman'squesttowardsintensiveagricultureandurbanization.Anothercauseofthisdeclineistheexcessiveuseofpesticides,fertilizersandintroducedinvasivespecies.Asifthiswasn'tenough,climatechangeandpollutionofallsortshavealreadystartedworseningtheirlives.Climatechangemayalsocauseemergenceofnewpestsandothervector-borneinsects.ThebiggestthreatofInsectArmageddoncomesfromGermany,where75%ofinsectpopulationhavedeclinedinjust30yearsandfromPuertoRico,wheredueto2degreeriseintemperature,therehasbeen60folddeclineininvertebrate（无脊椎的）populationsincethe1970s.However,thefactthatinsectsgettingextinctisaglobalcrisisisundisputed.Buttheneatthingaboutinsectsis,weallcandoourbittosavethem.Weallcanmaintainpesticide-freekitchengardensandorganicfarms.Wecanplantflowersandtreesandinvitethemtonestagain.Maybethistragedywouldhaveneverariseninthefirstplaceandyouwouldnothavetoreadthisarticle,iftheworldhadstoppedusingallkindsofpesticidesimmediatelyafterRachelCarsonhadpublishedtheSilentSpring.Conservingtheinsectbiodiversityisnotourresponsibility.Itisanecessitybecauseiftheygo,sowillwe.12.Whycan'twestandaworldwithoutinsects?A.Fortheirpartsinglobalecology.B.Fortheirlongerhistorythanhumans'.C.Fortheirshockinglylargepopulation.D.Fortheappearanceofnewinsectspecies.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword'"undisputed"inParagraph7mean?A.Possible. B.Doubtless C.Exact D.Flexible.14.Whichofthefollowingmaybestexplaintheextinctionofinsectspecies?A.Climatechange.B.Humanactivities.C.Theabuseofchemicals.D.Theagriculture.15.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Callingonustodosomethingtosaveinsects.B.Introducingtheurgentsituationinsectsarefacing.C.Presentinguswaystohandletheglobalcrises.D.Treatingdifferentlybeneficialandharmfulinsects.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Alittlebatteryputsoutalittlebitofelectricity,soyoucanuseitsafelyforyourexperiments.Buttheelectricitythatcomesthroughthewiresinyourhouseorschoolismuchmorepowerful16.Insidethewallswhereyouliveorstudy,therearebigwiresthatcarryelectricity.Whenyoupluginalightorradioorotherelectricalappliance,youareputtingthelightorradiointhepathwayoftheelectricity.Youhaveheardadultswarn,“17，‘Nowdoyouknowwhy?Ifyoudid,youwouldbecomepartoftheelectricalpathway.18Theelectricalcurrentcomingthroughthewirestothewallplugissostrongthatitwouldhurtalotifyoustuckyourfingerintheplug.Putyourfingerinthereanditcouldbeyou,ratherthanthelightbulb,thatbecomespartoftheelectricalpathway.Andthatwouldhurt!Whatifyouheldapieceofmetal,likeaforkorknife,andstuckitintothewallplug?Don'tdoit.Why?It'sbecausemetalsalsoconductelectricity.19Don'ttouchanyelectricalappliancewhenyouarewet.Canyouthinkwhy?It'sbecausewaterisagoodconductorofelectricity.Whenyourhandsarewetorwhenyourbodyisinabathtubfullofwater,theelectricitycouldflowrightthroughyouandgiveyouanawfulshock,orevenkillyou.Electricityisveryuseful,butitcanbedangerous.20Ifso,electricitycanbetterserveyou,insteadofhurtingyou.A. Lifeisprecious!B. Sostayawayfromwires.C. Becareful,besafeandbesmart.D. Andyouwouldgetaterribleshock!E. Don'tstickyourfingerintothewallplug.F. Therefore,keepinmindsomesafetyrules.G.Yourbodyisaprettygoodconductorofelectricity.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Whatisatruewinner?Wemaybevery21ofHondaMotors.In1938,SoichiroHondawasstillinschool,whenhestartedalittleworkshop.Hisplanwastosellpistonrings（活塞环）toToyota.He22nightandday,believinghecould23hisdesignandproduceaworthyproduct.Then,camethedayhetookasampletoToyota,24tobetoldthattheringsdidnot25theirstandards!However,herefusedtogiveup.26focusonhisfailure,hecontinuedworkingtowardshisgoal.Aftertwomoreyearsof27,hewonacontractwithToyota.Bythen,SoichiroHondaneededtobuildafactorytosupplyToyota,butbuildingmaterialswereinshortsupply.Againhewouldnot28!Heinventeda29processthatenabledhimtobuildthefactory.But30,anearthquakedestroyedthefactory.Washe31togiveupnow?No!SoichiroHondawroteto18,000bicyclesshopownersandaskedthemtohelphim.5,000respondedand32himwhatlittlemoneytheycouldtobuildhistinybicycleengines.33graduallythecompanygotgreatsuccess.Hondasucceededbecauseonemanmadeatrulycommitteddecision,34it,andmadeadjustments35acontinuousbasis.21.A.enviousB.familiarC.awareD.fond22.A.thoughtB.prayedC.sleptD.labored23.A.perfectB.startC.winD.admire24.A.onlyB.stillC.evenD.simply25.A.meetB.improveC.updateD.apply26.A.InordertoB.OrelseC.OtherthanD.Ratherthan27.A.silenceB.explanationC.serviceD.struggle28.A.agreeB.sufferC.quitD.return29.A.abnormalB.specialC.responsibleD.specific30.A.eventuallyB.unfortunatelyC.surprisinglyD.definitely31.A.unwillingB.honestC.readyD.hopeful32.A.beggedB.promotedC.refusedD.advanced33.A.OrB.OtherwiseC.AndD.Yet34.A.thoughtaboutB.actedonC.reflectedonD.joinedin35.A.onB.inC.atD.with第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ifyoucomeacrossan85-year-oldwomanwalkingslowlywithawalkerintheChildren'sHospitalofSoochowUniversity,don'ttakeher36apatient.Insteadsheisadoctor,37stillinsistsonworkinginthehospital.ShengJinyun,bornin1935,afamousexpertinpediatricasthma(儿科哮喘)，38(treat)about30,000patientssufferingasthmasofar.Sheisknownas"the39(much)beautifulgrandmadoctor"byothers.However,shestillsees40patientseveryday.Shenghasalwaysstucktoherpostthoughshehadtwobones40(break)inafallamonthago.Sonowshecanonlywalkwiththehelpofawalker.Othersdon'tunderstandher.Intheireyes,she41(expect)toliveapeacefullifeinthisoldage.Butshewantstocuremore42(child).OneofSheng'smost43(impress)experienceshappenedinher50s.Shesaw146patientsfrom7:45amto9:45pmthatday,eatingnothingexceptsomemilk.Though44(award)the"lifelongachievementphysicianinpediatrics",Shengseemsnotproudatall.Shesaiditwashergoaltobeadiligentperson45gooddoctor.第三部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)假定你是李华，是伦敦孔子学院的一名助教。按照学院安排，你近期要开设一门线上课程，介绍中国沙画文化。请你写一封email,邀请你的学生们报名参加。内容包括：1.课程的安排；2.报名方式；3.希望学生们都参加。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：ConfuciusInstitute孔子学院sandpainting沙画Dearstudents,........Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Freshoutofhighschool,Ihadthedifficulttaskofchoosingacareerpathbeforecollegestartedinthreemonths.InthosedaysinPakistan,therewerelimitedoptions:becomingadoctororanengineer,orenteringthefinancialworldaftergettingabusinessdegree.Iwasn'tinterestedinengineering,sothatIwasleftwithmedicineorbusiness.Icouldn'tdecide.Myuncle,oneofthecidersinthefamily,suggestedthatIdoaworkplacementtoexperienceitforamonthinaninternationalcompanyfollowedbyamonthinahospital.Afterthat,Icouldmakeadecision.Itseemedlikeabrilliantidea.Iwasacceptedforamonth'splacementataforeignbankinKarachi.Igotafeelforhowtheworldoffinancefunctioned,madenewfriends,andgenerallyenjoyedthemostlyeasy-goingworksurroundings.Themonthpassedrapidly,andsoonIbeganworkingataleadinghospitalinKarachi.Theexperiencecouldn'thavebeenmoredifferent.Thehospitalhadanintenseenvironment.Thedaysstartedearly（at7am,comparedto9amatthebank）,andwerefilledwithendlessduties.Andthenightcalls!Thiswascrazy,workingallday,throughthenight,andagainthenextday.Ibeganthinkingaboutmytwoexperiences.Thebankhadofferedamorerelaxingatmosphere,betterworkinghoursandlessstress.Thehospitalwasfullofexcitementandunpredictability,butthestudyingandtrainingwasdifficult.Itseemedthatthebusinessoptionwasgoingtowinout.Neartheendofmymonthatthehospital,Iwasdrivinghomeafteranespeciallybusynightcall.Infrontofmewasapublicbus,withcollegestudentssittingonthetop.Asthedriverweavedthrough（穿梭）traffic,Icouldseetheboysshakingfromsidetoside.Paragraph1:Suddenly,aboyfelloffthebackofthebus. Paragraph2:Thenextday,whenIwenttohospitaltoseetheboy,allhisfamilygotup,withgratefulsmilesontheirfaces..