山东省德州市2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题含解析

PAGEPAGE20山东省德州市2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。留意事项：1.答第I卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号框。3.全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在试卷上无效。第I卷（满分100分）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题海小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhereisFrednow?A.Athome.B.Intheoffice.C.Intheclassroom.2.Whatdothetwospeakersthinkoftheopera?A.Bothofthemlikeit.B.Itisallgoodexceptthemusic.C.Theyprefermusictoactors.3.What'sthematterwiththewoman'sfather?A.Hehastogiveuphisnewjob.B.Heisn'tusedtohisretiredlife.C.Heissufferingfromanillness.4.Whatdoesthewomansuggesttoherson?A.Becarefulabouttheglass.B.Tellthetruthtohisfather.C.Avoidscoldinganybody.5.Whenwillthespeakersleaveforthebankmostprobably?A.At4：00.B.At4：30.C.At5：00.其次节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独自。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。6.Whatisthewomanthinkingabout?A.Changingherjob.B.Doingbetterinherjob.C.Gettingonwithherworkmates.7.Howdoesthewomanlikeherpresentjob?A.Itisdifficult.B.Itisinteresting.C.Itpayswell.8.Whatdoesthewomanhavetodo?A.Paythemanmoremoney.B.Haveatalkwiththeman.C.Makeadecisiontoday.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。9.Whendidtheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthemorning.B.Intheafternoon.C.Intheevening.10.Whydidtheboycomplainaboutthewater?A.Itwastoocold.B.Itwastoohot.C.Itwastoodirty.11.Whatdidtheboyfailtofind?A.Hishomework,B.Histowel.C.Hisclock.听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。12.Whatisthewomandoingnow?A.Sheisshopping.B.Sheisworking.C.Sheishavingcoffee13,WhydoesthemandislikeFrenchcoffee?A.Itsmellsstrong.B.Ittastestoosweet.C.Itisexpensive.14,Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Topersuadehiswifetodrinkcoffee.B.TobuysomeEnglishcoffee.C.TogivehimsomeFrenchcoffee.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。15.Whydoesthemanfeeltiredabouthisjob?A.Heneededthewoman'ssuggestion.B.Hehadtodomanythingsbyhimself.C.Healwaysdisagreedwiththedepartmentmanagers.16.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hemustbethepersonincharge.B.Heisn'tworkinghardenough.C.Hewasjustbackfromaholiday.17.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Changehisjob.B.Askthewomanforhelp.C.Planforrelaxinghimself.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whydidthemandecidetoleavethecollegeinhissecondterm?A.Heacceptedagoodjob.B.Hedislikedthebiglectureclasses.C.Hecouldn'taffordthecourse.19.Whatdoeshethinkofhisworkexperiences?A.Theywerepersonallyrewarding.B.Theytooktoomuchofhistime.C.TheywereachancetolearnGerman.20.Whereistheuniversityhedecidestogotointheend?A.InSouthCarolina.B.InFlorida.C.InOhio.其次部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。AAsautumngoesaboutitsbusinessofsteadilyruiningthegarden,readyforthewintershutdown,it'stimeforustostartplanningsomespringcolour.Atthetopofthelistmarked"easy”,wehavebulbplanting,withtheeverpopulartulip（郁金香）beingtheflowerwewillturntomostfrequently.Therereallyaren'tmanyrequirementsinspecialgardeningskillsbuttomaximiseyoursuccesses,thereareafewsimpleguidelinesforyou.WhentoplantYou'dbetterplantyourtulipbulbsbetweenSeptemberandNovember.You'llknowthisbecauseyourlocalgardencenterislikelytohaveclearedspaceforlargebucketsloadedwithbulbspromisingahugevarietyofcolourfulblooms.ChoosingyoursiteTulipslookbestinbordersorcontainers,plantedwithgreeneryneighbors.Asacoupleoftulipstendtohavealostandlonelylooktothem,soeithergivethemapatchwhereyoucancreateanoasisofcolour,orcombinethemwithanareaofotherplantswheretheircheerfulbloomswillbrightenthescene.CaringforyourtulipsThebulbsinyourborderswon'tneedmuchattention,exceptwateringifthegrounddriesout,whichrarelyhappensduringatulip'slifetime.Forextrahealthyplants,givethemtheoccasionalfeedwhentheystartgrowing.Containergrowntulipswillalmostcertainlyneedwatering.Andyou'llneedtomovethemintoasheltertoavoidtoomuchwateriftherearesignsthatthey'realreadygettingsaturatedwithrain.1.Whydoestheauthorrecommendtulipinthepassage?A.Itistheonlysignofspringcolour.B.Itiseasytogrowandkeep.C.Itisthebiggestgardeningsuccess.D.Itcanbloomthroughoutthewinter.2.Whichofthefollowingisarequirementforgrowingtulips?A.Plantingthemalone.B.Growingtheminspecialcontainers.C.Wateringthemwhennecessary.D.Keepingthemofflongtimesunlight.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“saturated”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.veryclean B.completelywetC.muchtaller D.alittledry【答案】1.B2.C3.B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章对如何种植郁金香进行了具体说明。【1题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段第一句和其次句“Atthetopofthelistmarked"easy”,wehavebulbplanting,withtheeverpopulartulip（郁金香）beingtheflowerwewillturntomostfrequently.Therereallyaren'tmanyrequirementsinspecialgardeningskills”（在标有“简单”的列表的顶部，我们种植鳞茎植物，始终流行的郁金香是我们最常常运用的花。对于特别的园艺技能并没有太多的要求）可知，因为郁金香简单种植，所以作者举荐郁金香。故选B。【2题详解】细微环节理解题。依据Caringforyourtulips部分第一句“Thebulbsinyourborderswon'tneedmuchattention,exceptwateringifthegrounddriesout,whichrarelyhappensduringatulip'slifetime.”（你边界上的球茎不须要太多关注，除非在地面干燥时浇水，这在郁金香的一生中很少发生。）可知，在种植郁金香时须要在必要的时候给它们浇水。故选C。【3题详解】词句揣测题。依据Caringforyourtulips部分最终一句“Andyou'llneedtomovethemintoasheltertoavoidtoomuchwater”（你须要把它们转移到一个遮挡处，以避开太多的水）可知，郁金香不能淋雨，以免水太多。所以saturated意为“完全潮湿”。故选B。BItwaslate,about10:15p.m.EspositogotoffthetrainatBellport,NewYork,wenttohercarandstarteddrivinghome.Shewassofamiliarwiththeroutethatshealmostdroveautomatically:turnedlefttotheStationRoad,thenanotherleftontoMontaukHighway,andthen-bam!WhenEsposito'scarhadjustcrossedtherailroadtracks,ithitanothervehicleandwasplashedbackontothetracks.Injuredbutmostlyshockedbythecrashandbytheairbagsthatpoppedup,shewasstuckinthevehicle.Asithappened,PeteDiPintowasjustabouttogotosleepwhenheheardasharpnoiseandsawtheaccidentnotfaroutsidehisbedroomwindow.Asavolunteerfirefighterandretiredteacher,DiPinto,whowas65,fetchedaflashlightandrushedoutwithouthesitation."AnyfirefighterwouldhavedonewhatIdid,"hesaid,"We'realwaysonduty."Atfirst,hespottedtheothercarintheaccident.Aftermakingsurethatthedriverwasallright.DiPintolookedaroundanddiscoveredEsposito'scarstraddling(横跨)therailwaytracks.Andthenheheardthebellring,whichsignaledatrain'sarrival.DiPintorushedtoEsposito'scarandbrokethewindowonthedriver'sside.Espositolookedupathim,withhereyesglazingover."Idon'tknowwhereIam,”shesaid."You'reontherailroadtracks,"DiPintoyelled."Ihavetogetyouoffrightnow!"Thetrainwasrunningtowardthemataspeedofsome105kilometersperhour.Thedriver'sdoorcannotbeopenedduetothecollision,soDiPintoquicklyrantotheothersideandmanagedtoopenthedoor.Heputtheairbagsaside,seizedherarms,pulledhertowardhimacrossthepassengerseatuntilfinallygotheroutandwalkedhertosafetyasswiftlyaspossible.Severalsecondslater,thetraincrashedintothevehicle."ItwaslikeaHollywoodmovie,"DiPintotoldreportersthenextday."Lastnight,"saidGregory,ChiefoftheDepartmentinSouthCountryAmbulance,"theheroarrivedinpajamas(睡衣)，notinafiretruck."4.Whatwasthereasonfortheaccident?A.Espositodidn'tknowtheroutewell.B.Esposito'scarhitanothervehicle.C.Espositodroveoutofthehighway.D.ArunningtraincrashedintoEsposito'scar.5.HowwasEspositointheaccident?A.Shegotstuckandcouldn'tmoveout.B.Shelostawarenesscompletely.C.ShewasluckytoescapefromthetrainD.Shehelpedrescuethedriverinanothercar.6.HowwasEspositorescuedfromhercar?A.Throughtheroofofthecar.B.Throughthepassenger'sdoorintheback.C.Throughthewindowonthedriver'sside.D.Throughthedooronthepassenger'sside.7.WhatdidGregorymeanby"theheroarrivedinpajamas,notinafiretruck"?A.DiPintowasnotaprofessionalfirefighter.B.DiPintorushedtosavelifewithoutthinkingabouthimself.C.DiPintowasaspecialfirefighterwholikedwearingpajamas.D.DiPintowasunabletofindafiretruckinhishouse.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。埃斯波西托的车撞上了另一辆车，又被甩回了铁轨上，受了伤被困在了车里。65岁的志愿消防员迪平托不顾自己，冲过去把埃斯波西托救了出来。【4题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段第三句“WhenEsposito'scarhadjustcrossedtherailroadtracks,ithitanothervehicleandwasplashedbackontothetracks.”（埃斯波西托的车刚穿过铁轨，就撞上了另一辆车，又被甩回了铁轨上。）可知，事故的缘由是埃斯波西托的车撞了另一辆车。故选B。【5题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段最终一句“Injuredbutmostlyshockedbythecrashandbytheairbagsthatpoppedup,shewasstuckinthevehicle.”（她受伤了，但主要是被碰撞和弹出的平安气囊所惊吓，她被困在车里。）可知，埃斯波西托在事故中被困在了车里。故选A。【6题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第五段第四句“Heputtheairbagsaside,seizedherarms,pulledhertowardhimacrossthepassengerseatuntilfinallygotheroutandwalkedhertosafetyasswiftlyaspossible.”（他把平安气囊放在一边，抓住她的胳膊，把她从乘客座位上拉到自己身边，直到最终把她救了出来，并尽快把她带到平安的地方。）可知，埃斯波西托被从乘客座位那边的门救了出来。故选D。【7题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段第一句和其次句“Asithappened,PeteDiPintowasjustabouttogotosleepwhenheheardasharpnoiseandsawtheaccidentnotfaroutsidehisbedroomwindow.Asavolunteerfirefighterandretiredteacher,DiPinto,whowas65,fetchedaflashlightandrushedoutwithouthesitation.”（事情发生时，皮特·迪平托刚要睡觉，突然听到一阵刺耳的声音，并看到事故发生在离他卧房窗户不远的地方。现年65岁的迪平托是一名志愿消防员和退休老师，他拿起手电筒，坚决果断地冲了出去）可知，Gregory说“这位英雄是穿着睡衣来的，而不是坐着消防车”的意思是迪平托不顾自己，冲过去救人。故选B。CThereissuchagroupofsingersinthewesternmusicalcircleatpresent,whoenterthebusinessasonlinecelebrities(名人)andthenbecometopidolsandgiantstarsglobally.Theybecomepopularfortheirvideosonlineandthentheyarediscoveredbytalentagentsandgraduallycausehugestormsinthemusicalcircle.TroyeSivan,asingerwhoisnicknamed“chuoye”,becamepopularonYouTubefromanearlyage.Asapopularvideosharingwebsite,YouTubehasgivenrisetoplentyofstars,creatinganewcelebrityculture.Providingaplatformwhereanyonecanpostvideos,YouTubepresentstheopportunityforanyonetoachievefamebysimplyuploadingashortvideo.SivanhasbeenmakingYouTubevideossincehewas12toshowhissingingtalent.Inthedigitalage,Sivanhasalreadydevelopedlargedevotedaudienceonlineandhistouchingvideoblogshaveearnedhimextremepopularity.AsurveyhasshowedthatUSteenagersaremoreattractedtoYouTubestars,whichisasurprisingresult.YouTubestarsarejudgedtobemoreattractive,outstandingandrelatedthantraditionalstars.Lookingatthesurveycommentsandfeedback,teensenjoyacloseandrealexperiencewithYouTubecelebrities,whoaren'tcarefullydirectedbydesign.TeensalsosaytheyappreciateYouTubestars,senseofhumorandrisk-takingspirit,whichareoftenlimitedbyHollywoodstars.Asaresult,singerswhomaketheirfirstshowinthetraditionalwaynolongerhaveacompleteadvantageinfrontoftheaudience.Onlineplatformsopenupalotofdoorsforpeople.Theybecomethebestplacetobediscovered.8.WhyisTroyeSivanmentionedinParagraph1?A.Togiveanexampleforthetopic.B.Touncoverthesecretofsuccessonline.C.Toaddmorebackgroundinformation.D.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.9.WhatmadeTroyeSivanasuccessaccordingtotheauthor?A.Learningtosingatanearlyage.B.Developinglotsoffansonline.C.Sharinghisfamilystoriesonline.D.Startingadifferentmusicstyle.10.WhyareYouTubestarssoattractiveinthedigitalage?A.Theyaremorefirmlyconnectedwithteens.B.Theyaremorehardworkingthantraditionalstars.C.Theyareoftencarefullydesigned.D.Theyarediscoveredinatraditionalway.11.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsonlineplatformslikeYouTube?A.Worried. B.Regretful. C.Supportive. D.Doubtful.【答案】8.A9.B10.A11.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章对例如YouTube这样的网络平台对名人文化的推动作用进行了介绍。【8题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段最终一句“TroyeSivan,asingerwhoisnicknamed“chuoye”,becamepopularonYouTubefromanearlyage.”（外号“chuoye”的歌手TroyeSivan从小就在YouTube上走红。）可知，TroyeSivan就是在YouTube上走红的，依据其次段第一句“Asapopularvideosharingwebsite,YouTubehasgivenrisetoplentyofstars,creatinganewcelebrityculture.”（作为一个受欢迎的视频共享网站，YouTube催生了一大批明星，创建了一种新的名人文化。）可知，文章主要是讲YouTube创建了一种新的名人文化。所以第一段中提到TroyeSivan是为了引入文章主题。故选D。【9题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段最终一句“Inthedigitalage,Sivanhasalreadydevelopedlargedevotedaudienceonlineandhistouchingvideoblogshaveearnedhimextremepopularity.”（在数字时代，Sivan已经在网上拥有了大量忠实的观众，他的感人视频博客也为他赢得了极高的人气。）可知，TroyeSivan胜利的缘由是在网上吸引了大量粉丝。故选B。【10题详解】细微环节理解题。依据最终一段第三句“Lookingatthesurveycommentsandfeedback,teensenjoyacloseandrealexperiencewithYouTubecelebrities,whoaren'tcarefullydirectedbydesign.”（看看调查的评论和反馈，青少年喜爱与YouTube名人密切而真实的体验，这些名人不是被细心设计的。）可知，在数字时代，YouTube明星如此吸引人是因为他们与青少年的联系更加紧密。故选A。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段最终两句“Onlineplatformsopenupalotofdoorsforpeople.Theybecomethebestplacetobediscovered.”（网络平台为人们打开了许多扇门。它们成为了最简单被发觉的地方。）可知，作者对网络平台持支持看法。故选C。DArecentstudyshowedthattheexperienceschildrenhaveintheirfirstfewyearsareimportant.Theseexperiencesaffectthedevelopmentofthebrain.Whenchildrenreceivemoreattention,theyoftenhavehigherIQs.Babiesreceiveinformationwhentheysee,hearandfeelthings,whichmakesconnectionsbetweendifferentpartsofthebrain.Thereareahundredtrillionconnectionsinthebraino£athree-year-oldchild.ResearcherJuditGervaintestedhowgoodnewbornsareattellingdifferentsoundpatterns.Theresearchersproducedimageso£thebrainsofbabiesastheyhearddifferentsoundpatterns.Forexample5oneorderwasmu—ba—ba.Thisisthepattern"A-B—B”.Anotherorderwasmu—ba—ge.Thisisthepattern"A-B—C”.Theimagesshowedthatthepartofthebrainresponsibleforspeechwasmoreactiveduringthe"A—B-B”pattern.Thisshowsthatbabiescantellthedifferencebetweendifferentpatterns.Theyalsoweresensitive（敏感）towhereitoccurredintheorder.Gervainisexcitedbythesefindingsbecausetheorderofsoundsisthebaseofwordsandgrammar,"Positioniskeytolanguage,"shesays."Ifsomethingisatthebeginningorattheend,itmakesabigdifference：'Johncaughtthebear'isverydifferentfrom'ThebearcaughtJohn.ResearchersledbyscientistPatriciaKuhlhavefoundthatlanguagedeliveredbytelevisions,audiobooks,theInternet,orsmartphones——nomatterhoweducational——doesn'tappeartobeenoughforchildren'sbraindevelopment.Theycarriedoutastudyofnine-month-oldAmericanbabies.Theyexpectedthefirstgroupwho'dwatchedvideosinChinesetoshowthesamekindoflearningasthesecondgroupwhowerebroughtface-to-facewiththesamesounds.Insteadtheyfoundahugedifference.Thebabiesinthesecondgroupwereabletodistinguish（辨别）betweensimilarChinesesoundsaswellasnativelisteners.Buttheotherbabies-regardlessofwhethertheyhadwatchedthevideoorlistenedtotheaudio-learnednothing.12.Whyareearlyexperiencessoimportanttochildrenaccordingtothestudy?A.Theycanshowconnectionsintheirbrains.B.TheycanincreasenewinformationofIQs.C.Theycanofferchildrenmoreattention,D.Theycanhelptodeveloptheirbrains.13.Howwastheresearchcarriedout?A.Byrecognizingbabies5differentappearances.B.Byproducingimagesofnewwordsforbabies,C.Bytestinghowbabies'brainslearntospeaklanguage.D.Bycheckingbabies'brainstoidentifydifferentsoundpatterns.14.WhyisGervainexcitedaboutthefindings?A.Grammarisimportantinlearninglanguages,B.Differentordersofsoundshavedifferentmeanings.C.Theorderofwordscomesfromitsgrammarmeaning.D.Differentlanguageshavedifferentgrammarrules.15.WhatisPatriciaKuhlmostlikelytoagree?A.LearningChineseisofgreatbenefittobabies'brains.B.Babiesarebetterthanadultsinlearningaforeignlanguage.C.Face-to-facecommunicationcanimprovebabies'brains.D.Babieslearnalotfromtelevision,audiobooksortheInternet.【答案】12.D13.D14.B15.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。通过探讨表明，孩子们早期经验很重要。这些经验会影响大脑的发育。当孩子得到更多的关注时，他们的智商通常会更高。【12题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段其次句“Theseexperiencesaffectthedevelopmentofthebrain.”（这些经验会影响大脑的发育。）可知，早期经验对孩子如此重要是因为它们可以帮助发育孩子的大脑。故选D。【13题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段第一句“ResearcherJuditGervaintestedhowgoodnewbornsareattellingdifferentsoundpatterns.”（探讨人员朱迪特·格尔万测试了新生儿辨别不同声音模式的实力。）可知，这个探讨是通过检查婴儿的大脑如何识别不同的声音模式来实施的。故选D。【14题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第三段第一句“Gervainisexcitedbythesefindingsbecausetheorderofsoundsisthebaseofwordsandgrammar,"Positioniskeytolanguage,"shesays."Ifsomethingisatthebeginningorattheend,itmakesabigdifference：'Johncaughtthebear'isverydifferentfrom'ThebearcaughtJohn.”（Gervain对这些发觉感到兴奋，因为声音的依次是单词和语法的基础，“位置是语言的关键，”她说。“假如某件事是在开头还是在结尾，这有很大的不同:‘Johncaughtthebear’和‘thebearcaughtJohn’是特别不同的。）可知，Gervain对这些发觉感到兴奋的缘由是不同依次的声音有不同的含义。故选B。【15题详解】推理推断题。依据最终一段“Theyexpectedthefirstgroupwho'dwatchedvideosinChinesetoshowthesamekindoflearningasthesecondgroupwhowerebroughtface-to-facewiththesamesounds.Insteadtheyfoundahugedifference.Thebabiesinthesecondgroupwereabletodistinguish（辨别）betweensimilarChinesesoundsaswellasnativelisteners.Buttheotherbabies-regardlessofwhethertheyhadwatchedthevideoorlistenedtotheaudio-learnednothing.”（他们希望，第一组看了中文视频的人和其次组面对面用同样的声音学习的人表现出同样的学习效果。相反，他们发觉了巨大的差异。其次组的婴儿能够区分相像的汉语声音，也能区分母语的人。但是其他的宝宝——不管它们是看电视还是听音频，都没有学到东西）可知，接受面对面沟通的宝宝大脑发育更好。所以PatriciaKuhl最可能认同面对面的沟通可以改善婴儿的大脑。故选C。其次节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。RulesofLifeImaginelifeasagameinwhichyouareplayingsomefiveballsintheair.Younamethem：work,family,health,friendsandspirit,andyou'rekeepingalloftheseballsintheair.Youwillsoonunderstandworkisarubberball.___16___Buttheotherfourballsaremadeofglass.Ifyoudroponeofthese,itwillbewornoff,marked,damaged,orevenbrokenintopieces.Theywillneverbethesame.___17___How?Don'tundermineyourworthbycomparingyourselftoothers.Itisbecausewearedifferentandeachofusisspecial.Don'tsetyourgoalsbywhatotherpeopleconsiderimportant.___18___Don'ttakeforgrantedthethingsclosesttoyourheart.Holdontothemasyouwouldtoyourlife,forwithoutthem,lifeismeaningless.Don'tbeafraidtoadmitthatyouarelessthanperfect.Itisthisfragilethreadthatbindsuseachtogether.___19___Itisbytakingchancesthatwealllearnhowtobebrave.Don'trunthroughlifesofastthatyouforgetnotonlywhereyou'vebeen,butalsowhereyouaregoing.Don'tforgetthataperson'sgreatestemotionalneedistofeelappreciated.Don'tbeafraidtolearn.Knowledgeisweightless,atreasureyoucanalwayscarryeasily.Don'tusetimeorwordscarelessly.Neithercanberetrieved（挽回）.Yesterdayisahistory,tomorrowisamystery,andtodayisagift.___20___A.Don'tbeafraidtoencounterrisks.B.Ifyoudropit,itwillbounceback.C.Andthatiswhywecallitthepresent.D.Onlyyouknowwhatisthebestforyou.E.Don'thesitatewhenyoustillhavesomethingtogive.F.Youmustunderstandthatandstruggleforbalanceinyourlife.G.Yourpersonallifehastotakesecondplacetothefiveballs.【答案】16.B17.F18.D19.A20.C【解析】这是一篇争论文。文章对生活的规则进行了探讨。【16题详解】依据前文“Youwillsoonunderstandworkisarubberball.”（你很快就会明白工作是一个橡皮球。）可知，工作就像橡皮球一样，假如你把它朝地上扔，它还会弹回来。所以选项B（假如你把它朝地上扔，它还会弹回来。）切合文意。故选B。【17题详解】前文“Ifyoudroponeofthese,itwillbewornoff,marked,damaged,orevenbrokenintopieces.”（假如你把其中一个掉到地上，它会被磨掉，留下痕迹，损坏，甚至摔成碎片。）对应选项F中的that，依据“How?”可知，此处是指如何在生活中取得工作、家庭、健康、挚友和精神的平衡。所以选项F（你必需明白这一点，并努力在生活中保持平衡。）切合文意。故选F。【18题详解】依据前文“Don'tsetyourgoalsbywhatotherpeopleconsiderimportant.”（不要把别人认为重要的事作为你的目标。）可知，选项D（只有你自己知道什么最适合你。）切合文意。故选D。【19题详解】依据后文“Itisbytakingchancesthatwealllearnhowtobebrave.”（只有通过冒险，我们才能学会英勇。）可知，选项A（不要胆怯 遇到风险。）切合文意。故选A。【20题详解】依据前文“Yesterdayisahistory,tomorrowisamystery,andtodayisagift.”（昨天是历史，明天是未知，今日是一份礼物。）可知，选项C（这就是为什么我们称它为“现在”。）切合文意，present既有“现在”的意思，也有“礼物”的意思。故选C。第三部分英语学问运用（共两节，满分40分）第一节完形填空（共20小题;每题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Latelastyear,Ineededtotransportsomefurniturefrommyhousetomyson'sflatincentralLondon.Ishouldhavepaidamantodoit,butfoolishly___21___inmydrivingability,Idecidedtohirealorryand___22___itmyself.Movingthelorrybackwardinmyyard,I___23___intoasmallshed,causingpermanentdamage.___24___,Iownedtheshed.Iloadedupwiththefurnitureand___25___.Thenitwasrushhour.Mynervesbrokedown,asIdrovethehugelorrythroughthestreets___26___.AtlastIarrivedatCharlotteStreetandfoundanavailable___27___space.Imovedthelorryintoitonlytonoticethreepeopleatapavementcafewavingtome.Igotout,___28___violently,likeonewhohadjust___29___astormyAtlanticcrossing."You'vehitthe___30___behindyou,“theysaid.I___31___itandtherewerewhitescratchesonitsfrontface.Itlookedlikeadisabled___32___-nowIwasabaddriverandabadman.Undertheseverelookofthethree,Ileftanapologetic___33___onthedamagedcar'swindscreen,givingmyphonenumber.I___34___thefurniture,drippingthesweat,wantingonlyto___35___fromthemonster,IdroveitbacktoitsbaseatEdgeware.On___36___,thebosstoldmeImustfillitupwithpetrolbeforereturningit."Justchargeme,“Icried,stillshakingwith___37___.Hestaredatmewithunderstanding.___38___he'dwitnessedotherslikemebefore."WhatifIdriveyoutoapetrolstation,you___39___,andIdriveitback?”heasked.He___40___thegreatlorrythroughthetrafficsoexpertlythatitwouldhaveshamedmeifIhadnotbeensograteful.21.A.grateful B.embarrassed C.confused D.confident22.A.drive B.serve C.keep D.turn23.A.settled B.burst C.crashed D.explored24.A.Traditionally B.Fortunately C.Typically D.Hopefully25.A.setout B.workedout C.brokedown D.turnedup26.A.slightly B.nervously C.happily D.freely27.A.lifting B.crossing C.parking D.repairing28.A.nodding B.dragging C.shouting D.shaking29.A.planned B.worn C.watched D.finished30.A.car B.tree C.stone D.pole31.A.examined B.opened C.pointed D.protected32.A.skill B.sign C.try D.injury33.A.bill B.address C.ticket D.note34.A.threw B.pressed C.unloaded D.painted35.A.suffer B.run C.escape D.save36.A.arrival B.agreement C.apology D.business37.A.content B.relief C.fear D.regret38.A.Noexcuse B.Noway C.Nowonder D.Nodoubt39.A.care B.pay C.learn D.chat40.A.covered B.danced C.mended D.defended【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.A26.B27.C28.D29.D30.A31.A32.B33.D34.C35.C36.A37.C38.D39.B40.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。“我”盲目自信，确定自己租一辆卡车开，把家具送给儿子。但是“我”在湍急的车流里吓得颤抖，而且出了好几次事故。“我”在看到车行老板娴熟的车技时又感谢又惭愧。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我本应当雇一个人来开的，但我愚蠢地信任自己的驾驶实力，确定租一辆卡车自己开。A.grateful感谢的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.confused困惑的；D.confident有信念的。依据前文“Idecidedtohirealorryanddriveitmyself”（我确定租一辆卡车自己开）可知，“我”对自己的驾驶实力很有信念。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我本应当雇一个人来开的，但我愚蠢地信任自己的驾驶实力，确定租一辆卡车自己开。A.drive驾驶；B.serve服务；C.keep保持；D.turn转弯。依据“Idecidedtohirealorry”可知，此处是指驾驶卡车。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把卡车倒在院子里，撞到了一个小棚子上，造成了永久性的损坏。A.settled解决；B.burst爆裂，胀开；C.crashed碰撞；D.explored探究。依据causingpermanentdamage可知，“我”撞到了一个小棚子上。故选C。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我拥有这个小棚子。A.Traditionally传统地；B.Fortunately幸运的是；C.Typically典型地；D.Hopefully有希望地。“我”撞坏了小棚子，但是好在这个小棚子是“我”的。故选B。【25题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我把家具装好就动身了。A.setout动身；B.workedout熬炼；C.brokedown抛锚；D.turnedup调高（音量）。依据“Thenitwasrushhour.”（然后是高峰时间。）可知，“我”把家具装好就动身了。故选A。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我开着大卡车惊慌地穿过街道时，我的神经快要崩溃了。A.slightly稍微地；B.nervously惊慌地；C.happily兴奋地；D.freely自由地。依据“Mynervesbrokedown”可知，“我”很惊慌。故选B。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终我来到了夏洛特街，找到了一个可用的停车位。A.lifting抬起；B.crossing交叉；C.parking停车；D.repairing修理。依据“Imovedthelorryintoit”（我把卡车开了进去）可知，这是一个停车位。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我下了车，浑身猛烈地颤抖着，就像一个刚在暴风雨中横渡大西洋的人。A.nodding点头；B.dragging拖拽；C.shouting喊叫；D.shaking颤抖。依据“likeonewhohadjustfinishedastormyAtlanticcrossing”可知，“我”很惊慌胆怯 ，所以浑身颤抖。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我下了车，浑身猛烈地颤抖着，就像一个刚在暴风雨中横渡大西洋的人。A.planned支配；B.worn穿；C.watched观看；D.finished结束。依据“Igotout”可知，“我”在高峰期的驾驶已经结束了，就像在暴风雨中横渡大西洋一样。选D。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：你撞上了你后面的那辆车。A.car汽车；B.tree数；C.stone石头；D.pole竿子。依据thedamagedcar'swindscreen可知，“我”装上了后面的车。故选A。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我检查了它，发觉它的正面有白色的刮痕。A.examined检查；B.opened打开；C.pointed指向；D.protected爱护。依据“therewerewhitescratchesonitsfrontface”可知，“我”检查了被撞的车后发觉它的正面有白色的刮痕。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它看起来像一个残疾人的标记——现在我是一个糟糕的司机，一个坏人。A.skill技巧；B.sign标记；C.try尝试；D.injury损害。此处的it是指擦痕，所以看起来像一个残疾人的标记。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那三个人严厉的目光下，我在那辆被撞坏的车的挡风玻璃上留下了一张致歉的便条，写上了我的电话号码。A.bill账单；B.address地址；C.ticket车票；D.note便条。依据“givingmyphonenumber”可知，“我”在那辆被撞坏的车的挡风玻璃上留下了一张致歉的便条。故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把家具卸下来，浑身是汗，只想逃离这个怪物，我把它开回它在Edgeware的基地。A.threw扔；B.pressed按压；C.unloaded卸货；D.painted涂画。依据“IdroveitbacktoitsbaseatEdgeware”可知，“我”已经到了目的地，所以把家具卸下来。故选C。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把家具卸下来，浑身是汗，只想逃离这个怪物，我把它赶回它在Edgeware的基地。A.suffer遭遇；B.run奔跑；C.escape逃离；D.save挽救。themonster是指这辆卡车，“我”驾驶着它出了许多事故，所以“我”想抓紧逃离它。故选C。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一到那里，老板就告知我在还车之前必需给车加满汽油。A.arrival到达；B.agreement同意；C.apology致歉；D.business生意。依据“thebosstoldmeImustfillitupwithpetrolbeforereturningit”可知，这是“我”到达时老板说的话。故选A。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“就收我的钱吧，”我叫道，仍旧胆怯 得颤抖。A.content内容；B.relief缓解；C.fear胆怯 ；D.regret懊悔。依据“wantingonlytoescapefromthemonster”可知，“我”很胆怯 。故选C。【38题详解】考查名词短语辨析。句意：毫无疑问，他以前也见过像我这样的人。A.Noexcuse没有理由，没有借口；B.Noway决不；一点也不；C.Nowonder难怪；D.Nodoubt毫无疑问。依据“Hestaredatmewithunderstanding”（他理解地盯着我）可知，毫无疑问，他以前也见过像我这样的人。故选D。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：假如我开车送你去加油站，你付钱，我开车回来怎么样?A.care在意；B.pay付钱；C.learn学习；D.chat闲聊。依据“thebosstoldmeImustfillitupwithpetrolbeforereturningit”可知，应当“我”付钱。故选B。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他那么娴熟地驾驶大车穿过车流，像跳舞一样，要不是我心存感谢，我会感到惭愧的。A.covered覆盖；B.danced跳舞；C.mended修理；D.defended爱护。依据throughthetrafficsoexpertly可知，此处是在描写老板在开货车，特别娴熟，像在跳舞。故选B。第II卷(满分50分)其次节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在题后空白处填入适当的内容(每空一词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Whenmakingagreementsandlimitsontechnologywit