Unit4AdversityandCourageLearningaboutLanguage词汇课课件高中英语人教版选择性

Unit4adversityandcourageLearningaboutLanguage主讲人：南昌二中CatherineLearningObjectivesErnestShackletonLearnthenewwordswithstrategiesincludingusingcontexttoguessthemeaning,payingattentiontoaffixesandroots;Understandandusethekeywordsandexpressionsinthisunitindifferentcontexts;Deepen

theawarenessofhowimportantitistopersevereinfaceofadversity.Step1：Contextclues:

Whenyoumeetwithnewwords,lookattheotherwordsandusewhatyouknowaboutthetopictoguesstheirmeanings.WORDLEARNINGSTRATEGIESDICTIONARIESPREFIXES,SUFFIXES,ANDROOTSCONTEXTCLUESIntroducingwordlearningstrategiesStep2:GuessingwordsandlearninglanguagepointsSbhappenedtodosth某人碰巧做某事Sthhappenedtosb

某事发生在某人身上…Well,itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.1)You__________________(碰巧在外面)whenIcametoyourhouse.2)___________________(真巧)Iknowsomeonewhomightbeabletohelp.3)It’sthebestthingthathasever________________(发生在我身上).happenedtobeoutIt(so)happensthathappenedtomeHowhejoinedSirShackleton’sexpedition.Attheageof19,Iamfitandfullofvigour.However,whenIappliedtojointheexpeditionShackletonturnedmedownbecausehethoughtIwastooyoungandwasn'tqualified.Whatdothered-boldedwordsmeanandwhy?

fullofvigour:fit->Theword“vigour”meanshealthandenergy.Synonym同义:ThewordmeansthesameasawordIknow,anditappearsinthecontext.applied->tooyoungandwasn'tqualified->so->Thephrase“turned…down”meanstorejectorrefusesomethingorsomeone.Inference推断（causeandresult）textclues+generalknowledge+logicStep2:GuessingwordsandlearninglanguagepointsStep2:GuessingwordsandlearninglanguagepointsTheicefrozearoundusandwewerewellandtrulystuck!Wesawtheshipgetcrushedbytheice.Andwhentheshipsank,ourheartssankwithit.ship:stuckinthefrozenice->?bytheice->sankInference推断（causeandresult）Theword“crushed”meanstobesqueezeduntildamaged.DIARYIIThecrewhadtoabandonEndurancewhichwasstuckandcrushedbyice.besunkinsth.:tobeinastateofunhappinessordeepthought陷入不快（或沉思）中sinksink-sank/sunk-sunkmoveslowlydownwardsbelowthesurfaceoftheseasing-sang-sung唱ring-rang-rung响铃spring-sprang-sprung跳起；反弹drink-drank-drunk饮swim-swam-swum游泳v.下沉；沉没；沉降；下陷adj.位于贫穷地区的；贫民窟的n.洗碗槽Step2:GuessingwordsandlearninglanguagepointsButtooursurprise,heallowedHusseytokeephisbanjo.Husseyoftenplaysittokeepourspiritsup.playthebanjo->upInference推断(commonsense&referentialrelation)

Thephrase“keepourspiritsup”meanstostaypositiveusuallyinabadsituation.Step2:Guessingwordsandlearninglanguagepoints

Step3:Matchthewordswiththecorrectdefinition.unpleasantlycold;astrongtastewithoutsugarphysical/mentalenergyanddeterminationpersonwhosejobistoservefoodanddrinkstopassengersonaplane/shiptowishthatyouhadsomeoneelse’spossessions,abilitiesetc.topresssth.sohardthatitbreaksorisdamagedbittervigorstewardenvycrushtogodownbelowthesurfaceofsth.thethingsyouowntotraveltoaplace,especiallybyshipfollowingmoralstandards;ofagoodenoughstandardorqualityafeelingthatyoureallyfeel,notoneyoupretendtofeeldeterminationtokeeptryingtoachievesomethinginspiteofdifficulties–usethistoshowapprovalsinkbelongingsvoyagedecentgenuineperseverance

Step3:Matchthewordswiththecorrectdefinition.1.FindthesuitableadjectivesfromthereadingtextASuccessfulFailuretocompletethesentences.Thefirstletterofeachwordhasbeengiven.1.Hebehavesinad_____mannerandwethinkheisarealgentleman.2.Withthegentlemusic,softlights,andcomfortablesofas,thiscaféiseverythingyouneedafteratiringday.Itisac____andrelaxingplace.3.Heusedtobesocrossandb_____________thatnobodycouldtoleratehim,butthebirthofhissonchangedhislifeandmadehimabetterperson.4.Lifewascruelto

oliverwhenhewasyoung.Althoughlivingam________life,hehadaverykindheart.5.Trytolearnfromyourmistakesandb_____failures.Itwilleventuallyleadtosuccessaslongasyoupersevere.6.Theyoungboyhasdemonstratedag_______interestintheexpeditiontotheAntarctic.iserableenuineecentosyad-tempereditter______________________拒绝(某人)______________________生火______________________放出(热、光、气味或气体)______________________振作精神______________________设法做某事______________________完全地；彻底地______________________热衷于______________________上船______________________成为被困在______________________到一个地方的探险turnsb.downmakefiregiveoffkeepone’sspiritsupmanagetodosthwellandtrulybeenthusiasticaboutgoaboardtheshipbecomestuckintheexpeditiontoaplace

Buildupvocabulary1．________adj.符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→________v．(使)具有资格；(使)合格→____________n．资格；资历；资格证书2．__________adj.热情的；热心的→_______________adv.热情地→___________n．热情；热忱3．______vt.分派；布置；分配→_____________n．任务；作业；分配4．_________n．[pl.]财物；动产→________vi.属于；应在(某处)5．________adj.自私的→________adv.自私地→__________n．自私6．________n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神→________vi.坚持；孜孜以求7．________vi.&vt.决定；决心；解决(问题或困难)

n．决心；坚定的信念→___________n．决议；解决；坚定；决心8．________adj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→________adv.残忍地；残酷地→________n．残忍；残酷qualifiedqualifyqualificationenthusiasticenthusiasticallyenthusiasmassignassignmentbelongingsbelongselfishselfishlyselfishnessperseverancepersevereresolveresolutioncruelcruellycruelty9．____________adv.不幸地；遗憾地→___________(反)adv.幸运地→________n．运气；财产10．________n．指导；引导；导航→________n．导游；指南vt.带领；引导；为……领路11．______________n．广告活动；广告业→____________vt.&vi.公布；宣传；做广告→________________n．广告；宣传12．________adj.忠诚的；忠实的→________n．忠诚；忠实13．___________n．承诺；保证；奉献→________vt.犯(错误、罪行等)

vi.&vt.(使)承担义务；(使)作出保证→___________adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的unfortunatelyfortunatelyfortuneguidanceguideadvertisingadvertiseadvertisementloyalloyaltycommitmentcommitcommitted1.Thefirealarmcausedapanic/worryinthetheatreandthecrowdfledinalldirections.2.Althoughmygrandpaisretired,heisveryenthusiastic/concernedaboutvolunteerwork.3.Theofficerwasassigned/employedtoconductathoroughinvestigationintotheincident.4.Thesunwassinking/fallingbehindthemountainswhenwereachedthetop.5.Ittookhimalotofvigour/energytomovealltheitemsoffurnitureinsidethehouse.

2.Choosetheappropriatewordtocompleteeachsentence.panicworry1.Thefirealarmcausedapanic/worryinthetheatreandthecrowdfledinalldirections.2.Althoughmygrandpaisretired,heisveryenthusiastic/concernedaboutvolunteerwork.enthusiasticconcernedemployassign3.Theofficerwasassigned/employedtoconductathoroughinvestigationintotheincident.sinkfallvigourenergy4.Thesunwassinking/fallingbehindthemountainswhenwereachedthetop.5.Ittookhimalotofvigour/energy

tomovealltheitemsoffurnitureinsidethehouse.abandonaboardassigncrewcupboardresolvesetoffsinkturn…downvoyageAfterseeingtheadvertisementinthenewspaper,PerceBlackborow_________tojointheAntarcticexpeditionledbySirErnestShackletonnomatterwhatchallengesmightlieahead.Unfortunately,hisapplication________________becausehewastooyoungandnotqualifiedenough.However,hemanagedtoget__________theEndurancewithhisfriend’shelp.Hehidina__________,butwassoondiscoveredandbroughttoShackleton.Althoughthecaptainwasangry,he__________theboythejobofcookingforthe__________.Their__________didnotgosmoothly,andtheEndurancebecamestuckintheice.BeforetheEndurancewascrushedand__________intothesea,Shackletongavetheorderto__________ship,andthecrewhadtocamponice.TheythensailedtoElephantIsland.Soonafterthat,Shackletonselectedaboatpartyand__________forSouthGeorgiaIslandtogethelp.

Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.resolvedwasturneddownaboardcupboardassignedcrewvoyagesanksetoffabandon

candidatecommitmentcrueldammotiveresolutionwageOnehundredyearsago,exploringtheAntarcticwasadangerousbusiness.Becauseofthe__________weatherandverylittleknowledgeofhowtosurviveintheAntarctic,thechancesofsuccesswerequiteslimandmanyexplorersdied.Thepeoplewhosignedupforsuchvoyageswerepaidlow__________andhadtotoleratepoorworkingconditionsandroughseas,alongwiththecoldand_________weather.Theyalsohadtohaveastrong____________tofinishwhattheyhadstartednomatterhowharditwas,greatpersonaldiscipline,andafirm__________totheothermembersoftheteam.Yet,many__________stillappliedtojoinsuchexplorations.Somemighthavewantedtobecomefamous.Otherswerelookingforrewards.However,the__________formanywastoexperienceagreatadventure.

Completethepassagewiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.cruelwagesdampcommitmentresolutioncandidatesmotiveLANGUAGEPOINTS1．crueladj.残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的(P40)LifewascrueltoOliverwhenhewasyoung.【翻译】奥利弗年轻时，生活对他来说是残酷的。(1)itiscrueltodosth.做某事是残忍的、残酷的becrueltosb.对某人残酷(2)cruellyadv.残酷地；非常地(3)crueltyn.残酷；残忍；残酷的行为【用法详解】[针对练习]选用cruel,cruelly或cruelty填空(1)Ican’tstandpeoplewhoare________toanimals.(2)So________isthemanthathenevershowsanymercytowhoeverisagainsthisopinion.(3)Theirbeautifuldreamwasbroken________.(4)Youwillanswerforyour________tothepeoplearoundyou.(5)Bothwere________tired,yetBeckysaidshethoughtshecouldgoalittlefarther.cruelcruelcruellycrueltycruelly2.thoroughadj.深入的；彻底的；细致的；考虑周到的【教材原句】p.40Theofficerwasassigned/employedtoconductathoroughinvestigationintotheincident.这名官员被指派/受雇对该事件进行彻底调查。thoroughunderstanding透彻的了解 thoroughcleaning彻底的打扫thoroughdescription详尽的描写Igavetheradioathoroughinspectionbeforebuyingit.Hewasevenmorethoroughaboutreadingthearticle.【词语积累】thoroughlyadv.非常；彻底；完全；仔细；缜密写出句中thorough的含义（1）Thisverythoroughsurveygoesbackto1784.______________（2）Martinwouldbeagoodjudge，Ithought.Hewascalmandthorough._______（3）Inordertoensuresuccesswemusthaveacompleteandthoroughplan.________【完成句子】（4）Thepoliceofficersdecidedto_________（进行一次彻底的审查）ofthecase.（5）Wearetryingto____________（全面了解）ofthegovernment’sfinancialpolicy.彻底的细致的考虑周到的conductathoroughreview

getathoroughunderstanding3．applicationn.应用；申请；应用程序；敷用(P40)Unfortunately,hisapplicationwasturneddownbecausehewastooyoungandnotqualifiedenough.【翻译】不幸的是，他的申请被拒绝了，因为他太年轻，不够资格。Thecommitteecamedowninsupportofhisapplication.委员会决定并宣布支持他的申请。Sheappliedsomecreamtoherarmsbeforeshewentout.她出去前在胳膊上涂了些药膏。SheappliedtotheinternationalschoolforajobasanEnglishteacher.(1)applyvt.应用；敷药，涂抹vi.申请，适用；专心applyforsth.申请(得到)某物applytosb.forsth.向某人申请某物beappliedto适用于；应用于applysth.to…将某物涂抹于……beappliedto应用于applyoneselfto致力于(2)applicantn.申请人[针对练习]单句语法填空(1)Heslowedthebleedingby________(apply)pressuretothewoundsuntilthepoliceandambulancearrived.(2)Sofar,morethanonehundredpeoplehaveapplied________thisposition.(3)Thisnewmedicinecanbeappliedto________(treat)COVID-19．(4)Hisgrandfatherhasapplied________(he)toteachingallhislife.(5)Twenty____

____(apply)haveaskedforthisjob,soyouareluckytohavebeenadmitted.(6)Yououghttohandinyour_

_______bytheendofthismonthifyouwantthisjob.applyingfortreatinghimselfapplicantsapplication句式解读1．(P41)ImusthavetriedadozentimesbeforeIcaughtyouhere.【翻译】我肯定打了十几次电话才在这里碰到你。【句式剖析】在句中musthavetried表示对过去情况的推测，意为“一定试过了”，语气非常肯定。【归纳拓展】(1)“shouldhave＋过去分词”表示过去该做而没有做的事情。它含有责备的语气。其中，should可换用oughtto(即oughttohave＋过去分词)，意思不变。Youshould/oughttohavebeenherefiveminutesago.你应该在五分钟之前到达这里的。(2)“couldhave＋过去分词”表示过去本来能够做但是没有做成的事。Hecouldhavepassedtheentranceexaminationlastyear.他去年本来可以考上大学的。(3)“musthave＋过去分词”表示过去一定做过某事，一种很有把握的推测，意为“一定”。注意：这个句型不可直接在must的后面加not构成否定式。Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨天晚上一定下过雨，因为地上是湿的。(4)“can’t/couldn’thave＋过去分词”也用来表示对过去情况的推测，意为“不可能做过某事”。第(3)个句型的否定式要用本句型表示其否定意义。Itcan’thaverainedlastnight.昨天晚上不可能下了雨。(5)“may/mighthave＋过去分词”表示对过去情况的一种不太有把握的推测，意为“或许/可能做过某事”。may的可能性又比might大些。Hehasn’tturnedupyet;hemay/mighthavebeenill.他还没有来。他可能病了。[针对练习]完成句子(1)She__might/maynothaveheard_____thissong.她可能还没有听过这首歌。(2)Astherewassomuchnoise,wecouldn’thaveheard_whattheyweretalkingabout.由于有那么多的噪音，我们不可能听见他们在谈论什么。(3)Ishouldhavepaidenoughattentiontogramma