读后续写独立主格和with复合结构课件高三下学期英语作文复习专项

v-ing形式作状语主动:____________________被动：___________________________________________________________________1.逻辑主语与主句主语

;2.否定形式:

.

形式类型注意doing/havingdonebeingdone/havingbeendone时间状语原因状语结果状语条件状语让步状语方式状语伴随状语一致not/never+v-ingSummaryThetreesareverytall,somemeasuringover90metres.Theweatherbeingfine,wewentoutforawalk.Wintercoming,itgetscolderandcolder.Timepermitting,Iwillgowithyou.独立主格结构：主句的主语和状语的主语不一致通常用来表示伴随的动作、时间、原因或条件。

技巧：可以把独立主格结构理解为：（with）+_____+_____结构（一）：独立主格结构的构成：

名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词、动词不定式；名词(代词)+形容词；名词(代词)+副词；名词(代词)+介词短语构成。

（二）独立主格结构的特点：独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系。独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。1、逻辑主语+V-ing这种构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作执行者，分词表示的动作不是整句主语发出的动作，而是其逻辑主语发出的动作。如：1.__________beingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.

2.Asthere_______（be)nobus,wehadtowalkhome.3._______beingSunday,thelibrarydoesn'topen.4.As______isSunday,thelibrarydoesn'topen.TherewasItit2、逻辑主语+V-ed该构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作承受者。如：1.Thesignal_________(give),thetrainstarted.2.Afterthesignal__________(give),thetrainstarted.3.Newwords_________(explain),thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.4.Whennewwords_______________(explain),thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.wasgivengivenexplainedwereexplained3、逻辑主语+形容词（副词）结构相当于一个未带动词的“主—系—表”结构。如：1.Conditions_______(病情好转),thepatientcanleavethehospital._____conditions_________(如果病情好转),thepatientcanleavethehospital.3.(1)_________________(如果星期天天气好),we’dliketogoouting.(2)__________________(如果星期天天气好),we’dliketogoouting.(3)______________________(如果星期天天气好),we’dliketogoouting.IfSundayOK/finebetterSundaybeingOK/fineIfSundaybeingOK/finearebetter4、逻辑主语+介词短语该结构相当于不带动词的“主—系—介词短语”结构。如：1.Theboyfollowedthenoblemanhere,

（1）_____________(手里拿着一柄剑).

（2）_________________________(手里拿着一柄剑).(with)

（3）________________________(手里拿着一柄剑).(carry)3.Helefttheoffice,

__________(眼里含着泪).A.tearsbeingineyesB.tearsineyesC.beingtearsineyesD.withtearsbeingineyes4.Helefttheoffice___________________(眼里含着泪).swordinhandwithaswordinhishandcarryingaswordinhishandtearsineyeswithtearsineyes二、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分：

1、原因状语该结构在句中作原因状语时相当于一个原因状语从句。如：1.(1)___________________(因为没有)bus,wehadtowalkhome.(2)_________________________(因为没有)bus,wehadtowalkhome.2.____________(由于母亲生病了),Ihadtoaskfortwodays’leave.3.____________,(考试临近了了)wehavetoworklateintothenight.AstherewasnoTherebeingnoMotherbeingill/Motherill/AsmotherwasillTheexamnear/Theexambeingnear/Astheexamisnear2、时间状语独立主格结构作时间状语时相当于一个由when,assoonas,after等引导的时间状语从句。如：1.（1）Thesignal_______(give),thetrainstarted.（2）Afterthesignal_________(give),thetrainstarted.2.(1)Newwords__________(explain),thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.(2)Whennewwords_____________(explain),thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.(3)Whenteacher________(explain)newwords,thetextbecameeasierforustolearn.

givenwasgivenexplainedwereexplainedexplained3、条件状语独立主格结构作条件状语时可以改为由if引导的条件状语从句。如：1.(1)Weather___________(permit),we'llgotovisittheGreatWall.(2)Ifweather___________(permit)permits,we'llgotovisittheGreatWall.2.(1)_____________________________(如果治疗及时),thepatientwillrecoverhimselfsoon.(2)__________________(如果治疗及时),thepatientwillrecoverhimselfsoon.(3)_________________________(如果治疗及时),thepatientwillrecoverhimselfsoon.permittingpermitsIfthetreatmentisintimeThetreatmentintimeThetreatmentbeingintime4、伴随状语独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语或并列谓语。如：1.(1)Wehavelessonseveryday,Sunday_______(include).

比较：(2)Wehavelessonseveryday,_______(include)Sunday.2.（1）Theboyfellasleep,_________(帽子盖着头).比较：（2）Theboyfellasleep,with_________________(帽子盖着头).3.(1)Fathercamehome,adog_____(follow)him.比较：(2)Fathercamehome,_________(follow)byadog.(3)Fathercamehome,andadog_______(follow)him.includedincludingcaponheadacaponhisheadfollowingfollowedfollowedWith＋复合结构与独立主格结构的区别:1.With＋复合结构可以不用逗号

独立主格结构必须用逗号2.With＋复合结构中的冠词／物主代词不可省略

表方式的独立主格结构中的冠词／物主代词必须省略

Shecameinwithabookinherhand.

Shecamein,bookinhand.

她进来了，手里拿着一本书。3.独立主格结构主语人称代词用主格

with＋复合结构人称代词用宾格

Hebeinghandsome,Ilovehim.

Withhimbeinghandsome,Ilovehim

由于他很帅，我爱他。4.With＋复合结构不只可以作状语，还可以作定语

Iliketosleepwiththewindowsopen.

我喜欢开着窗户睡觉。v-ingdonetodo形容词副词介词短语名词with+名词或代词+

with+宾语+宾语补足语句型一：主谓……,with+sb/sth+非谓语（doing/done/todo);With+sb/sth+非谓语（doing/done/todo),主谓……11.Withtears________(stream)downhischeek,hereplied,“Ididtry.Ireallytried.”2.Withallthethings______(buy),sheheadedforhomejoyfully.3.Withsomuchwork_______(finish),hehadatightschedule.Summary：非谓语doing

表达的动作与with后面的宾语之间构成逻辑上的________关系；done表达动作与宾语之间的________关系；todo多表示该动作_________。。streamingboughttofinish主动被动将要去做observe：1.Themadammadeanexplanationcalmly,withabrightsmileappearingonherface.2.Withtearsrollingdownhischeeks,JohnhuggedTomtightly.3.Shechoked,withhervoicetrembling.4.Heloweredhishead,withhisfaceflushingand

heartbeatingwildly.

5.Shelaughed,withhereyesfilledwithexcitement.6.Janehuggedherson,withasurgeofpleasurerisingup.summarize:描写表情/情绪的伴随状语时，可使用with+___________________________________________________________________+doing/donesmile,tears,voice,faceeyes,heart或asurge/burst/flood/waveof+情绪名词Brainstorming脸上露出灿烂的笑容泪水顺着他的脸颊滚落她的声音颤抖他的脸涨得通红，心跳得厉害她的眼睛里充满了兴奋伴随着一阵愉悦的浪潮涌起【翻译】眼睛凝视着家庭相册,他想到了他和祖父母的在一起的快乐时光，一阵温暖涌上心头。________________________________,hethoughtofthefunhehadwhenhelivedwithhisgrandparents,__________________.Withhiseyesfixedonthefamilyalbumwithasurgeofwarmthfloodingoverhim句型二：主谓……with+sb/sth+adj./adv./介词短语1.他这次摔倒了，背部着地，双腿叉开。Hefelloverthistime,flatonhisback_______________.2.他的妻子躺在床上，脸色苍白。Hiswifelayinbed_________________.3.她的女儿离开了家，她很担心。________________________________,shewasworried.4.他用喷雾向狼喷过去，其中一只手扶着栏杆。Hefiredthesprayatthewolf_________________________.2withhislegswidewithherfacepaleWithherdaughterawayfromhomewithonehandonthebars句型三:

主谓……with+n.3observe：1.Sarahcameforwardwithatightandangryface.2.ThefiercewolfstaredatMacwithitshungryredeyes.summarize:描写细节时，如果想强化某个动作的主体，可以用with+__________