Unit1PeopleofAchievementLearningAboutLanguage语法课件高中英语人教版选择性必修一

Unit1PeopleofAchievement

LearningaboutLanguage(2):Structures

年级：高二学科：英语（人教版）RestrictiveandNon-restrictiveRelativeClauses限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句Itissometimescalledan“adjectiveclause”becauseitfunctionslikeanadjective.Itgivesmoreinformationaboutanoun.1.Whatisarelativeclause?定语从句又被称为形容词性从句，因为它起着一个形容词的作用。它提供关于一个名词的更多信息。

amodifierforanoun用于修饰名词的词2.Attributive

定语Mybrotherboughtmeabeautifuldress.(adj.)Heworksveryhardathislessons.(pron.)Webelongtothethird

world.(num.)Doyouknowthemancomingtous?（phrase）Wemustfindwaystoworkoutthisproblem.（phrase）Heisaboyofnotmorethanseventeen.（phrase）Themanwhoisspeakingtomyfatherisourheadteacher.（relativeclause）3.Whenshouldweusearelativeclause?什么时候要使用定语从句？我认识那个高个子的人。

Iknowthe________man.我认识那个戴眼镜的人。

Iknowtheman________________________.我认识你正在找的那个人。

Iknowtheman____________________________.tallwithapairofglasseswhoyouarelookingforWhenyoucannotsaywhatyouwantwithaword,useaphrase.

当你用一个词不能尽情表达你想说的意思时，就用短语；Ifaphraseisnotenough,useaclause.

如果短语还不能满足，就用从句。

复合句=主句+定语从句一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分（主句）另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作定语(从句）1.Thestudents

(who

donotstudyhard)willnotpasstheexam.主句主语从句主语从句谓语结构主句谓语结构4.定语从句结构3.Iwillneverforgetthedays

whenIstayedwithyou.2.Edward,whoselegswerebadlyhurt,wasquicklytakentohospital.4.Igavemyphonenumberto

Mr.Green,

whoImetafterthemeeting.先行词为主语先行词为宾语restrictive限制性定语从句non-restrictive非限制性定语从句5、RelativeClauses定语从句separatedbycommas用逗号，与主句隔开。ThemanwhoistalkingwithAnneismymathteacher.Mary,

whowasmyclassmate,graduatedlastyear.giveessentialinformationtodefine“whichone”是先行词不可缺少的定语giveextrainformation只是对先行词作些附加说明是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明。如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that。译成先行词的定语：“……的”译成主句的并列句正在和安妮谈话的那个人是我的数学老师。玛丽是我的同学，她去年毕业了。

therelativepronounmustbeused关系代词不可省略Iftherelativepronounistheobjectoftherelativeclause,itcanbeomitted.关系代词作定语从句的宾语时可省略。Thisisthebook

(that/which)Iboughtyesterday.Helentmeapen,whichhelikedalot.6.定语从句运用情景MikeMonicaMikeishavingapartyathisapartment.Monicadoesn’tknowsomeofthepeopleattheparty,soshe’saskingMikeaboutsomeofthem.1.Areyoutalkingabouttheguythatistheyellowshirt?2.I’mtalkingabouttheguywhoisdancingwiththatgirloverthere.3.He’smynewco-workerthatIwastellingyouabout.4.He’stheguythatyoushareanofficewith.5.Peter,wholovestodance,isdatingthegirlinthegreensweater.6.Youmeanthegirlwhopeterisdancingwith?7.I’mtalkingaboutthegirlwhoisstandingalonebythewindow.8.She’sAshley’sfriendthat’sstudyingabroad.9.She’sfromsoul,whichistheplacewhereyoulived.

RestrictiveRelativeClauses限制性定语从句giveessentialinformationtodefine“whichone”是先行词不可缺少的定语Whoisthatguyoverthere?Whichone????Iamtalkingabouttheguy

whoisdancing.essentialinformationtodefinewhichone是先行词必不可少的信息RestrictiveRelativeClauses限制性定语从句Oh,that’sPeter.PeterNon-definingRelativeClauses非限制性定语从句giveextrainformation只是对先行词作些附加说明PeterOkay！Sothat’speter!Irememberyoutoldmeabouthim.Peter,wholovestodance,isdatingthegirlinthegreensweater.

只是对先行词Peter提供额外的信息RestrictiveRelativeClauses限制性定语从句Non-restrictiveRelativeClauses非限制性定语从句2)SheisfromSeoul,Korea,whichistheplacewhereMonicalived.3)SheisAshley’sfriendthatisstudyingabroadrightnow.Kim1)Iamtalkingaboutthegirlwhoisstandingalonebythewindow.arestrictiverelativeclause我说的是那个独自站在窗边的女孩。她来自韩国首尔，那是莫妮卡生活的地方。anon-restrictiverelativeclause她是阿什利现在正在国外留学的朋友。arestrictiverelativeclausev.s.1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefight

againstthedisease.2.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighest

internationalhonorsapersoncanreceive.3.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Readthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamethetwotypesofrelativeclauses.1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefight

againstthedisease.2.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighest

internationalhonorsapersoncanreceive.3.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.Readthefollowingsentencesandunderlinetherelativeclauses.Thennamethetwotypesofrelativeclauses.1.TheytestedhundredsofChinesemedicaltreatmentsthatshowedpromiseinthefight

againstthedisease.2.TuYouyouwasawardedtheNobelPrize,whichisconsideredoneofthehighest

internationalhonorsapersoncanreceive.3.TuYouyouwenttoHainan,wheremalariawasmorecommon,tostudymalariapatients.4.Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapatients,mostofwhomrecovered.RNRThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming.Hediscoveredpenicillin.ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming,whodiscoveredpenicillin.Rewrite

thesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.1.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.

Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.2.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.Hitlerwasinpowerthere.3.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.4.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling.Itinspiredusalot.ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming.Hediscoveredpenicillin.ThebooktellsusaboutAlexanderFleming,whodiscoveredpenicillin.Rewrite

thesentencesusingnon-restrictiverelativeclauses.1.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman.

Hewasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.Wewereveryimpressedbytheoldman,

whowasnotwillingtoacknowledgedefeat.2.Afterwards,EinsteinhadtofleeGermany.

Hitlerwasinpowerthere.Afterwards,Einsteinhadtoflee

Germany,

where

Hitlerwasinpower.3.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda.

Hercircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.4.Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhis

favouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling.

Itinspired

usalot.ThereisnothingwecandotohelpLinda,

whosecircumstancesarebeyondourcontrol.

Theteacheraskedustolistentoaspeechbyhisfavouritenovelist,J.K.Rowling,which

inspired

usalot.ProgressiveStory:RelativeClausesBelowisastorylackingimportantrelativeclauses.Fillintheblankwithrelativeclausestocompletethesentences.SportsDayOliverwho______________________________________hadbeenwaitingforSportsDay.