Unit1PeopleofAchievement词汇讲解课件高中英语人教版选择性

WordStudy选必1Unit11.vitaladj.必不可少的，极其重要的，充满生机的Artemisininhasbecomeavitalpartofthetreatmentformalaria,andisthoughttosave100，000livesayearinAfricaalone.青蒿素已成为治疗疟疾的重要组成部分，据说每年仅在非洲，就能挽救十万人的生命。❈bevitaltosth./for(doing)sth.对……至关重要这些措施对国家安全至关重要。Thesemeasuresarevitaltonationalsecurity.熟练的雇员对任何公司的成功都极为重要。Skillfulemployeesarevitalforthesuccessofanycompany.1.vitaladj.必不可少的，极其重要的，充满生机的❈Itisvitalthat…(should)do…

重要的是你独自经营时要准确记录账目，这十分重要。Itisvitalthatyoukeepaccuraterecordswhenyouareself-employed.✸

vitallyadv.

至关重要的;

极其;

绝对教育对国家的未来是极其重要的。Educationisvitallyimportantforthecountry'sfuture.2.commitvt.承诺；保证❈

commitoneselftodosth.

承诺；保证（做某事、遵守协议或安排等）双方都承诺和平解决冲突。Bothsidescommittedthemselvestosettletheconflictspeacefully.vt.犯（罪/错）❈

commitoneselfto(doing)sth.答应/致力于/献身于做某事他把他的一生都献给了服务人民这项事业中。Hecommittedhimselftoservingthepeopleallhislife.犯谋杀罪/犯罪/犯错commit

murder/

acrime/amistake2.commit✸

committedadj.

尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的❈becommittedto(doing)sth.忠于...；致力于...Chinaiscommittedtopeace,developmentandcooperationininternationalaffairs.中国在国际事务中一贯致力于和平，发展与合作。✸

commitmentn.

保证;承诺;献身;投入3.distinct

adj.清晰的，清楚的，有区别的❈

bedistinctfrom与……截然不同Thelearningneedsofthetwogroupsarequitedistinctfromeachother.这两个组的学习需求截然不同。✸

distinctly

adv.

清楚地，明显地✸

distinction

n.差别;特性;特质;杰出;殊荣❈

makeadistinctionbetween...区分开来；区别对待Itisdifficulttomakeadistinctionbetweenthemeaningsofaword.区分这个词的各种意思有些困难。❈

withoutdistinction

无差别地；一视同仁distinctive

a.独特的5.acknowledgevt.承认（比admit更正式）❈

acknowledgedoingsth.

承认做(了)某事Thissundaytheteamleaderdeliveredaspeechandacknowledgedbeingdefeated.星期天，队长发表了一次演讲，承认被打败了。❈

acknowledgedsb./sth.as…/tobe…承认某人/某事为…Heisacknowledgedas/tobeoneofthegreatestartists.他被认为是最伟大的画家之一。❈

acknowledgethat…承认……对…打招呼；感谢❈Itisacknowledgedthat…人们普遍认为……5.acknowledgevt.承认（比admit更正式）❈

inacknowledgementof作为对……的感谢✸

acknowledgement

n.承认；感谢；谢礼对…打招呼；感谢Theflowerswereinacknowledgementofyourkindness.这些花聊表谢意，感谢你的好心帮助。✸unacknowledged

adj.未得到公开(或正式)承认的;非正式的Thistraditiongoestotallyunacknowledgedinofficialguidebooks.

这种传统在正式的指导手册中根本未得到承认。6.insistvt.&vi.坚持；坚决要求❈

insiston/upon(doing)sth.坚持（做）某事Sheinsistedongoingtothecinemaalone.她坚持自己去看电影。Hedidnotinsistuponthatpoint.他没有坚持那个观点。❈

insist+(that)…(should)dosth

强烈要求/坚持……我坚持要求被送到农村去工作。IinsistthatIshouldbesenttothecountrysidetowork.insistthat意为“强烈要求/坚持…”时，从句用虚拟语气

(should+动词原形)，其中should可以省略。6.insist❈

insist+(that)从句

坚持说/认为……他坚持认为自己是对的。Heinsistedthathewasright.insistthat意为“坚持说/认为...”时，从句内容表示一个事实，用陈述语气，从句谓语按实际需要选择时态7.concludevt.推断出;得出结论;结束;终止❈

conclude…with…以…结束…Heconcludedhisclasswithafunnystory.他以一个有趣的故事结束了他的课。❈

concludefrom…that…从…中得出…Wecanconcludefromtheresultsthattheexperimentwasafailure.从结果我们可以得出结论：这项实验失败了。❈

toconclude最后Toconclude,Iwishyouahappynewyear.总之，我祝你们新年快乐。✸

conclusion

n.结论；推论；结束；结尾[sing.][正式用语]❈

cometo/draw/makeaconclusion得出结论Itisimportanttodrawaconclusionfromthefacts.从事实中得出结论很重要。❈

inconclusion最后；总之Inconclusion,walkingisacheap,safe,enjoyableandreadilyavailableformofexercise.

总而言之，散步是一种廉价、安全、愉快的锻炼方式，而且随时随地都可以进行。其他表达：inaword,inbrief,allinall,inshort,onthewhole8.circumstancen.[C]Ourcircumstancesaresodesperatethatitisuncertainwhetherwewilleverreturnalive.我们的处境如此绝望,我们是否还能活着回来还不确定。❆［常用复数］情况；情形❆［复数］［正式用语］境况；状况（尤指经济状况）financial/social/personalcircumstances

经济状况/社会情况/个人情况❈

in/under...circumstances在……情况下这是一个实验模型，所以在任何时候都不要触碰它。It’sanexperimentalmodel,sodon’ttouchitunderanycircumstances.❈

in/undernocircumstances决不

(位于句首用倒装这是一个实验模型，所以在任何时候都不要触碰它。辨析：circumstance,environment（都含有“环境”“状况”之意）circumstance指情况,情形;(theconditionsthataffectasituation,anevent,etc.)，常用复数，表明与某事件或某人有关的环境，情形，情况等，也可指境况,状况;(尤指经济状况)(howmuchmoneysbhas)

Wecan’tjudgewhathediduntilweknowallthecircumstances.environment指生活环境,周围状况(theconditionsoftheplacewhereyouare)，尤其指作用和影响生物体的生长，发展和生存的外界物质条件的总和

Thetwinswereseparatedatbirthandbroughtupinentirelydifferentenvironment.Undernocircumstances

shouldwedoterriblethingstootherpeople.10.foundv.创立创办✸

founder

n.创办者；创始人

❈注意find和found的过去式，过去分词和现在分词的形式find-found-found-findingfound-founded-founded-founding✸foundation

n.基础

11.consequencen.❈asaconsequence=inconsequence结果;因此Shewasovertheagelimitand,asa/inconsequence,herapplicationwasrejected.她超出年龄限制,因此她的申请被拒绝了。[C]结果；后果❈asaconsequenceof=inconsequenceof作为…的结果Myfathercoughsfrequentlyasaconsequenceof/inconsequenceofsmoking.我父亲经常咳嗽是吸烟的结果。❈take/suffer/facetheconsequences(ofsth.)

承担/遭受/面临某事的后果Ifonedoesnotconformtothelaw,onemusttaketheconsequences.谁不守法就应该承担后果。11.consequencen.❈oflittle/noconsequence不重要的；无足轻重的Don’tworry.It’soflittleconsequence.别担心。这不重要。[U][正式用语]重要（性）；重大✸

consequent

adj.随之发生的；作为结果的✸

consequently

adv.结果;因此12.sumn.[C]

❈thesumof……的总和Thesumoftwoandtwoisfour.2加2的总和是4。[常用单数]总数；总和；全部❈insum大体上；总之Insum,heisamanofhighprinciple.总之，他是个很有原则的人。算术❈do/work/makesums/asum

计算;

做算术题doasuminone’shead做心算金额；款项❈alarge/smallsumof

大量/少量Hewasleftalargesumofmoney.有人留了一大笔钱给他。12.sumv.总结概括❈sumup

总结;

概括;

合计Hisspeechsummedupthepresentsituationofeconomy.他的讲话总结了当前的经济形势。Tosumup,forahealthyheartyoumusttakeregularexerciseandstopsmoking.总而言之，为了心脏健康，你必须经常锻炼并戒烟。✸

summary

adj.概括的；扼要的

n.[C]总结；摘要；概要❈in

summary

总之✸

summarize/se

vi.&vt.总结；概括；概述9.constructionn.建造；建筑；建筑物❈

(be)underconstruction正在建设中;在施工中ThebuildingunderconstructionwasdesignedbyI.M.Pei-afamousChinese-American

architect.正在建设中的大楼是由著名的美籍华裔建筑师贝聿铭设计的。✸

construct

vt.建筑；建造；创建；组成

❈

(be)constructedof/fromsth.由…建成/构成Thetanksweremainlyconstructedofsteelplates.这些坦克车主要是用钢板制造的。✸

constructive

adj.建设性的有助益的，积极的✸

constructor

n.建筑者，制造者KeyPhrases1.takeup(开始)从事；担任开始处理接受;答应(提议或挑战)占用;花费(时间、空间或精力)占领;占据;占有(位置、阵地)

Hedidnotparticularlywanttotakeup

acompetitivesport.Iwon'ttakeup

anymoreofyourtime.Hewillbeableto

takeuphisnormalroutineshortly.Itiswiseofhertotakeupthejob.Pastsuchaswind,takeup

allmythoughts.

他并不是特别想从事竞技体育运动。他不久就能处理日常事务。她接受那项工作，真是太明智了。我不再占用你的时间了。往事如风,占据了我所有的思绪.对……至关重要承诺;答应;致力于忠于;全心全意投入献身于；忠诚于与……截然不同区分开来；区别对待承认做(了)某事坚持（做）某事强烈要求/坚持……bevitaltosth./for(doing)sth.commitoneselftosth./do/doingsth.committosth.becommittedto(doing)sth.bedistinctfrommakeadistinctionacknowledgedoingsth./havingdonesth.insiston/upon(doing)sth.insist(that)…(should)dosth得出结论下结论最后；总之决不；无论如何都不正在建设中;在施工中结果;因此作为…的结果大体上;总之总结;概括;合计cometo/