第09讲 疑问词+to do 结构-【暑假自学课】2023年新九年级英语暑假课（仁爱版）（原卷版）

第页第09讲疑问词+todo结构＂疑问词＋不定式＂结构的用法：一、构成由疑问代词who,whom,what,which;疑问副词when,how,where等+不定式构成。二、功能1.作主语作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。☛Howtodoitisaquestion.该怎样做倒是一个问题。2.作宾语①作动词的宾语☛IaskedhimhowtolearnEnglish.我问他如何学习英语。②作介词的宾语☛Wemustfirstsolvetheproblemofwhomtoserve.我们必须首先解决为谁服务的问题。3.作表语☛Thequestioniswheretoputit.问题是该把它放在哪儿才好。三、替换＂疑问词＋不定式＂结构相当于一个名词性从句，常常可用同等成分的从句代替。改写时只需在疑问词后加一适当主语，并将不定式改成适当形式的谓语。上述例句可以分别改写成：学科@网☛Howweshoulddoitisaquestion.☛Ireallydon’tknowwhatIshouldwriteabout.☛IaskedhimhowweshouldlearnEnglish.☛Wemustfirstsolvetheproblemofwhomweshouldserve.☛Thequestioniswhereweshouldputit.二、五个易错点易错一：是否用于疑问词why之后按英语习惯，有一个疑问词不能用于“疑问词+不定式”结构，就是why。我不明白为什么马上就走。误：Idon'tknowwhytoleaveatonce.正：Idon'tknowwhywemustleaveatonce.不过，why后面可以跟不带to的动词不定式(即动词原形)，用以表示某动作是不必要的或无意义的。Whypaymoreatothershops?Wehavethebestvalue.为什么花更多的钱到其他商店去买呢?我们这里最物美价廉。另外，why后面不带to的动词不定式有时也可能是否定的，该结构主要用来提出建议。You'relookingtired.Whynottakeaholiday?你一脸倦容，怎么不休假呢?易错二：与动词think连用有何特别之处“疑问词+不定式”结构，通常不用于动词think的现在式和过去式之后，但可以用于think的其他形式之后（如进行式）。I'mthinkingwhattodonext.我在想接下来要做什么。另外，“疑问词+不定式”结构也通常用于还有助动词的think之后。Shecouldn'tthinkwhattosay.她想不出该说什么。Shecouldn'tthinkwhattogivethechildrenforChristmas.她想不出圣诞节该送孩子们什么礼物。易错三：与动词know连用要注意什么当要表示知道如何做某事，know之后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，此时可改用knowhowto结构。我会做西班牙式的摊鸡蛋。误：IknowtomakeSpanishomelets.正：IknowhowtomakeSpanishomelets.易错四：与某些只接动名词作宾语的动词连用有些动词可以接“疑问词+不定式”作宾语，但通常不直接跟不定式作宾语。这类动词主要有consider(考虑),discover(发现),discuss(讨论),explain(说明),find(out)(查到),know(知道),observe(观察),suggest(提议),wonder(怀疑),understand(了解)等。Haveyouconsideredhowtogetthere?你是否考虑过如何到那儿去?Ourteacherexplainedhowtousethemachine.老师向我们说明如何使用这台机器。Wediscussedwhattodoandwhereweshouldgo.我们讨论了该怎么办及到哪里去。易错五：whichtodo的两种用法要注意“which+不定式”结构，其中的which有时是疑问词。Ican'tdecidewhichtochoose.我不能决定选哪个好。Didyouaskherwhichtobuy?你问没问她该买哪一个?有时可能是关系代词，相当于一个省略的定语从句，此时主要用于介词后作宾语。Shemusthavetimeinwhichtogrowcalm.她必须有冷静下来的时间。Allowmeoneminuteinwhichtochangemycostumes.给我一点时间来卸装。这两句中的whichto…也可改为定语从句：Shemusthavetimeinwhichshecangrowcalm.AllowmeoneminuteinwhichIcanchangemycostumes.一、单项选择11．Idon’tknow________withtherubbish.Canyoutellme?A．howdoit B．howtodo C．whatdoit D．whattodo2．Idon’tknow________next.A．whattodo B．whatshouldIdoC．howdo D．howshouldIdo3．—Ihaven’tdecided________.—WhataboutDongjintuoPark?It’sreallyagoodplacetorelax.A．whenIwillhaveatrip B．wherewillIspendmyweekendC．wheretospendmyweekend D．howIshouldrelaxmyself4．________isundecidedyet.A．Togowhichway B．WhichwaytogoC．Goingwhichway D．Whichtogoway5．—Idon’tknow________forthebirthdayparty.—Youlooksogoodnow.IthinkthepinkT-shirt________thegreyjeansverywell.A．whattowear;matches B．howtowear;matchesC．whattowear;fits D．howtowear;fits6．—Couldyoutellmehow________cakes?—Sorry,Idon’tknow.A．make B．making C．tomake7．Excuseme,wouldyoupleasetellme________buyacamera?A．whatto B．whereto C．whatIcan D．wherecanI8．—I’mthinkingabouthow________areportaboutALifelongJourney（《人世间》）.—Whynotreadsomereviewsfirst?A．towrite B．writing C．writes D．wrote9．Excuseme,couldyoutellme________?A．whattodo B．whatshouldIdo C．howtodo10．—ManyforeignersthinkeveryoneinChinaknows________TaiChi.—Thisisasillythought.ButitistruethatTaiChiispopularwithChinese.A．wheretodo B．howtodo C．whentodo11．—Excuseme,couldyoutellme_________mycar?—Sure.Thereisanewparkinglotbehindthebank.Youcanparkitthere.A．wheretopark B．whentopark C．howtopark12．—Couldyoutellme________thewelcomepartyforMr.Smith?—NextSaturday.A．whotothrow B．whentothrow C．wheretothrow13．TherearemillionsofnewinformationontheInterneteveryday.Thethingthatmattersis________tochooseusefulinformation.A．what B．how C．when14．I’vealreadytoldhimbutheisstillnotclear________todonext.A．whether B．what C．how15．—Idon’tknow________torememberthenewEnglishwords.—Don’tworry!Trythinkingabouttheirpronunciations.A．what B．how C．where D．when16．—Excuseme.Doyouknow________?—Sorry,Idon’tknow,either.A．thatthereisabanknearbyB．whenwilltheconcertbeginC．howtocheckoutabook17．—Frank,I’mintrouble.Ireallydon’tknow________next.—Don’tworry.Letmehelpyou.A．whattodo B．howtodo C．whentogo D．whytogo18．Couldyougivemesomeadviceon________Englishwell?A．whattolearn B．howtolearn C．howcanI19．Noonecanchangewhat’salreadyhappened.It’simportantthatweneedtoknow________.A．howshouldweusetheexperiencetolearn B．whotousetheexperiencetolearnC．whethercanweusetheexperiencetolearn D．howtousetheexperiencetolearn20．—Taylor,Ireallydon’tknowwhyIcan’timprovemyEnglish.Ihavetriedmybest.Couldyoupleasetellme________todealwiththiskindofproblem?—Takeiteasy!Makingprogressbitbybitisenough.Bepatientandconfident.A．how B．what C．why21．We’llhaveameetingthisafternoontodiscusswhat________next.A．do B．todo C．doing22．—Couldyoutellme________next?

—You’dbetterfinishyourhomeworkfirst.A．whattodo B．howtodo C．whentodo23．—Couldyoupleasetellme_________togettotheTVstation.—Followme,please.I’mgoingthere,too.A．where B．how C．which24．Therearenodifferencesbetweenthetwodresses,Ireallydon’tknow__________A．howtochoose B．whichtochoose C．whattoremember25．—Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellme_________mycar?

—Sure.Justparkitrighthere.A．howtostop B．wheretopark C．wheretohave26．—Iwillhaveaten-dayholiday.ButIdon’tknow__________.—HowaboutParis?A．whattodo B．wheretogo C．howtogo27．Therearemanykindsofbikeshere.Shecan’tdecide_________.A．wheretobuy B．howtogothere C．whichtobuy28．—Idon’tknow_________rememberthenewEnglishwords.—Don’tworry!Trythinkingabouttheirpronunciations.A．whatto B．howto C．whento29．—Couldyoupleasetellme________forBeijingtomorrow?

—Atnineo’clocktomorrowmorning.A．wheretoleave B．whentoleave C．howtoleave30．—Wedon’tknow_________next.Let’sgoandaskMr.Li.

—Goodidea.A．whattodo B．howtodo C．whattodoit31．Ihavenoideawhen_________herthebadnews.A．willtell B．totell C．telling32．—Ilikebothofthem.Couldyoupleasetellme________?

—Letmesee.Howabouttheyellowone?A．whichtochoose B．whattobuy C．whethertogo33．Wedon’tknow________next.Let’sgoandaskMr.Li.A．whattodoB．todowhatC．howtodoD．todohow34．—It’simportantforustoknow________allthesubjects.—Yeah,groupworkismyfavorite.A．howtostudy B．whattostudy C．whentostudy35．Haveyoudecided________?A．togowithwho B．whotogowith C．whogowith D．whomtogowith二、完形填空DoyouknowthefilmForrestGump?Oneof____36____famouslinesimpressespeoplealot.“Lifeislikeaboxofchocolates.Youneverknowwhatyou’regonnaget.”Thesentencetellsusthatsurpriseispartofthefun.Thesurpriseisnotonly____37____thechocolatesyoufindintheboxbutalsotheexperienceofopeningthebox.Nowblindboxtoys____38____verypopularsincetheyfirstappearedinChinain2014.Blindboxtoys____39____insidethesamepackaging,suchastheboxesandthebags.Sothebuyerswon’tknowwhatisintheboxes____40____theyopenthem.Themostpopulartoysintheblindboxesarecharactersfrompopmovies,comicsandcartoonsbecausetheylook____41____realandcuteforpeopletorefuse.Therearejust____42____specialonesinmanycommonboxes.“Maybethenextoneis____43____goldtoy.Mywishistoopenanotherbox!”saidonebuyer.Asaresult,peoplefindithard____44____buyingtheblindboxes.Andtheybelieveiftheybuymoreboxes,theywillgeta____45____result.Besidesexpectinggoodresults,peoplealsoenjoythesurpriseanduncertainmysteries.“Justlikeopeningabirthdaygift,____46____ablindboxisanenjoyablesurpriseforoursimpledailylives,”saida____47____lady.“OnceIgettheboxes,Iwill____48____openthem.Imayfeeldisappointedatone,butIget____49____atanother.”Simon,anotherschoolstudent,caresmoreabout____50____inopeningtheboxes,thatis,fearingfortheunknownandwaitingfortheuncertainty.Howaboutyou?What’syourideaaboutblindboxes?36．A．it B．its C．it’s D．their37．A．with B．from C．of D．as38．A．become B．became C．arebecoming D．havebecome39．A．hide B．arehiding` C．arehidden D．ishidden40．A．while B．after C．when D．until41．A．too B．as C．so D．such42．A．few B．afew C．little D．alittle43．A．a B．an C．the D．/44．A．stop B．stopped C．stopping D．tostop45．A．good B．well C．better D．best46．A．open B．opens C．opened D．opening47．A．24yearold B．24-years-old C．24-year-old D．24yearsold48．A．quickly B．morequickly C．quick D．quicker49．A．excitement B．exciting C．excite D．excitedly50．A．howhecanenjoyhimself B．howcanheenjoyhimselfC．whathecanenjoyhimself D．whatcanheenjoyhimself三、阅读理解AToday,moreandmorepeoplecareabouttheirhealth.Buthowcanwestayhealthy?Firstofall,ithelpstodosomeexerciseeveryday.Doingexercisehelpsyourlungs(肺部)workharderandyourheartbeatfaster.Thismakesyourheartstrongerandcutsdownonyourriskofheartdisease.Youcanstartwithsomedailyexercises,suchaswalking,runninganddancingtomusic.Youcanalsoplayballgames,includingbasketball,volleyball,pingpongandmore.Second,whatyoueatisalsoimportant.Accordingtodoctors,you’dbettereatmorefruitsandvegetablesandlessmeat.Thisisbecausemeathasmorefatinit.Whentoomuchfatbuildsupinyourbody,itcanblockyourbloodflow(阻塞血液流动).Thiscanleadtoaheartattack(心脏病发作).Finally,________,suchasgoingtobedtoolate.Youmayclearlyknowthedangersofsuchhabits.Whatyouneedtodoismakeupyourmindtochangeyourself.Ifyoufollowthesetips,youaresuretobecomeahealthier,strongerperson!51．Doingmoreexercisecanhelppeoplehave________.①healthierlungs②astrongerheart③aslowerheartbeat④asmallerchanceofhavingaheartattackA．①③ B．①②④ C．②③④ D．①②③④52．Eatingtoomuchmeatisunhealthybecauseitcanmake________.A．yousleeplate B．yourbodyfathighC．yourbloodflowfast D．yourlungsworkslowly53．Theblank(空格)inParagraph4shouldbefilledinwith________.A．starttodoexerciseatonce B．getupearlyinthemorningC．saynotobadhabits D．setagoodtimetogotosleep54．Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?A．Reasonsforexercising B．DifferentopinionsonhealthC．Waystokeepyourbodyhealthy D．TheimportanceofhavingahealthydietBEvenifyoushopwithplasticbags,alwaysremembertorecyclethem.Mostfamiliesdon’trealizetheimportanceofeco-friendlyliving—especiallychildren.Sohowcanyouhelpchildrenstartseeinggreen?Well,hereareafewsuggestions.♦Don’tbuytoys—borrowinstead.Ifkidsareconcerned,mosttoysstarttolosetheirshine(光彩).Don’tlettheunlovedtoysgatherdustaroundthehouse—instead,joinalocaltoylibraryandgivethemtothelibrary.Andifyoudobuynewtoys,trytobuytoysmadefromwoodandothereco-friendlymaterials.♦Spendtimeoutside.Makesureyourchildspendstimelearningtobeoutside.Leth