高中英语 阅读理解-信息匹配题

课题信息匹配

1训练学生快速阅读获取信息和处理信息的能力

教学目标

2.掌握信息匹配的技巧

占

重八、、如何快速找准关键词获取信息

难点同上

作业完型填空训练

阅读技巧小“tips”

信息匹配

♦考纲解读

信息匹配是广东高考英语2007年开始出现的新题型，其命题的主要目的是：考

查考生通过快速阅读获取信息和处理信息的能力。这种题型，既有助于对学生

快速阅读能力的培养，也有助于对学生进行信息的加工、分析、比较能力的培

养，对中学英语教学在语言技能应用方面会有较好的导向作用。

高考信息匹配题可能涉及的内容有：

(1)与人们的日常生活相关的信息，如求职、招聘、购物、餐饮、食品、电脑配

置、手机选择、购车、购房等；

(2)与人们的休闲娱乐相关的信息，如旅游度假、电视频道的选择、电影信息、

娱乐明星、运动健身等；

(3)与人们获取知识相关的信息，如网站搜索、选择适当的课程、大学专业的选

择、各类书籍的选择等。

广东高考英语信息匹配题的文章体裁一般属于应用文，重点考查学生语

言实际应用的能力，试题难度适中。

以下是广东省近3年高考信息匹配题的对照表

、项目

内容与体裁

年度'

将儿童读物的封面及基本信息与其书名匹配起来

2009年

（应用文）

2010年把评论与相关插图及提示性文字匹配起来（应用文）

将相关背景简介或故事梗概与影视作品的海报及提

2011年

示性文字匹配起来（应用文）

♦应试点睛

关于阅读信息匹配题，能否在有限的时间内高效率地完成是获得高分的关键，其

次在阅读时的一些习惯也要注意。有必要对文段中的一些重要句子、单词用笔划

记下来，这样可以加深你的印象，也让你在寻找信息时目光有落脚点，切忌用笔

尖逐词或尺子逐行地去阅读。

信息匹配题的解题技巧：

1.巧用先题后文法。先题后文法是考生做阅读理解常用的一种方法。对于

信息匹配题来说，“先题后文''指的就是先读匹配对象，然后带着匹配对象中的

关键信息阅读前面的信息材料，最后确定答案。这种方法的好处就在于，它可

以提高阅读的针对性，从而提高解题速度和答题的准确性。

2.巧辨关键信息。采用先题后文法的目的是为了有针对性地寻找答题信息，但

有时答题信息不止一个，可能有多个，此时就需要考生能够辨认其中的关键信

息，并将其与题目所给对象进行匹配。

3.巧用文体知识。不同的文体往往有其特定的格式化内容，如招聘广告中

通常有年龄、学历、经验等方面的要求；产品宣传广告中通常有产品的特点、优

势、价格等信息。考生在做题时，要注意根据题目要求，同时结合各阅读材料

的具体内容，通过比较和分析，从而确定答案。

4.巧补省略文字。信息匹配题通常涉及的是应用文，而应用文类文体的语

言都比较简洁和精炼，有时甚至还会出现一些省略句。考生做题时若能具备这

方面的一些知识和能力，并能根据上下文对所省略的句子作出准确理解，则可

大大提高得分率。

♦题型探究

探究点一顺读法

顺读法：了解短文大意，明确题目要求。按照题目内容顺序快速浏览文章首

句、尾句和关键词语，了解文段的大意并明确试题的具体要求，然后再按照符合

的要求进行匹配。建议考生使用这种方法，因为按照此种方法比较容易记住信息

点，快速答题。

例1请阅读下列应用文和相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。

首先，请阅读下面的应用文：

A.JohnLewiswasknownforhiscreativity.Hewasaskilledpianoplayerand

musicaldirectoroftheModernJazz.Hewasfondoftraditionaljazz,bluesandbebop.

YethewasgreatlyinfluencedbytraininginEuropeanclassicalmusic.

B.PaulRobesonwasborninPrinceton,NewJerseyin1908.Hewasanexcellent

studentandathlete.RutgersUniversityinNewJerseygavehimmoney,sohecould

studythere.Healsowasthetopstudentinhisclass.Hebecameaprofessionalactor,

anO'Neillstar.

C.BillieHolidaywroteabookaboutherlife——LadySingstheBlues.Afewmonths

later,shewasarrestedagainforpossessingillegaldrugs.Butinsteadofgoingto

prison,shewaspermittedtoseektreatmenttoendherdependenceondrugs.

D.LarryAdlerdidn'tknowhowtoreadmusicasayoungman.Hecouldlistentoa

recordplayedafewtimesandthenplaythesongwithhisharmonica.Hecoulddothis

withextremelydifficultsongs.Notbeingabletoreadmusicdidnotseemtoharmhis

career.

E.Natformedagroupthatplayedjazzmusicin1937.Thetrioreportedlydidnot

needadrummerbecauseNafspianoplayingkeptthebeatsowell.Theynamedthe

group,TheKingColeTrio.NatplayedthepianoinNewYorkandLosAngelesasa

youngman.

F.IsaacSternwasmorethanagi*eatviolinplayer.Hewasoneofthemosthonored

musiciansintheworld.Hewasaninternationalculturalambassador.Hewasamajor

supporteroftheartsinAmericaandinothercountries.

以下是人物情况介绍，请匹配与之相对应的歌手：

()1.Herlastperformancewasin1959.Shediedthatyear.Herhealthwasruined

byusingillegaldrugsanddrinkingtoomuchalcohol.ButLadyDaylivesonthrough

herrecordingsthatcontinuetoinfluencethebestjazzsingers.

()2.HewasoneofthefinestmusicianstorecordwithnewCapitolRecord.Bythe

middle1940s,NatKingColewasbeginningtobeknownasapopularsingeraswell

asajazzpianoplayer.

()3.HejoinedtheProvincetownPlayers,anactinggrouplinkedtoAmerican

playwrightEugeneO'Neillinthe1920s.

()4.GeorgeGershwinusedaspecialdevicecalledarecordingpianotoplayand

record“RhapsodyinBlue”.Afterthefamouscomposer'sdeath,heoftenplayedthe

harmonicawiththerecordingpianoofGeorgeGershwin.

()5.Hecombinedclassicalmusicwithtraditionaljazztocreatesongsforhimself

andthethreeothermembersofhisquartet.Hebelievedmusicshouldbesimpleand

clear,yetplayedinameaningfulway.

【解析】

1.Cillegaldrugs与illegaldrugs匹配;LadyDay与LadySingstheBlues

对应。

2.ENatKingCole与TheKingColeTrio匹配；ajazzpianoplayer与Nat

playedthepiano对应。

3.BtheProvincetownPlayers,anactinggroup...EugeneO'NeiH与a

professionalactor,anO'Neillstar对应。

4.Dtheharmonicawiththerecordingpiano和thesongwithhisharmonica匹

配。

5.Acombinedclassicalmusicwithtraditionaljazz与wasfbndoftraditional

jazz以及classicalmusic匹酉己。

探究点二倒读法

依照题项信息，寻找匹配信息、。先读懂后面的题项，抓住关键信息，然后再带着

所获关键信息，有针对地查找所需要的或相关的匹配信息，选择到一个就划记一

个选项，以免干扰视线。

例2阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。

以下是某广告栏目内容的信息介绍：

A.CSI:TheExperience@CaliforniaScienceCenter

Thisimmersive,interactiveforensicscienceexhibitbasedonthetelevisionshow

“CSI"allowsvisitorstouserealforensicequipmenttosolvehypotheticalcrimes.

Multimediapresentationsillustratethesciencebehindtheshow.

B.ScrippsCeramicAnnual@RuthChandlerWilliamsonGallery,ScrippsCollege

The65thScrippsCeramicAnnualGuestcreatedbyassistantprofessorofceramics

（陶瓷）AdamDavis,thisyear'scelebrationofScrippsCollege'sstoriedceramics

programfeaturesworksbyToriArpad,ChristyGast,JeffIrwin,CharlesKrafft,Io

Palmer,KatherineL.Ross,AndersRuhwald,ReinaldoSanguineandDavishimself.

C.CostumesfromOscarfilmsondisplay

ThecostumesfromOscarnominatedfilms"Frost/NixorT,"Milk"and"HellboyII：

TheGoldenArmy“willbeondisplayatUniversalStudiosHollywoodaspartof”The

UniversalExperience:BehindtheScenesofUniversalPictures^^beginningFeb.17.

D.FromRussia,withlove

Getreadyfor"V-Day“Russia-styleinHollywoodtonight.Ex-patsfromMoscowwill

bedancingtohousemusicandmoreat“Cupid'sPlayground"Friday.Nocoverfbr

ladiesbefore11p.m.andfreechampagneandstrawberriesfbrallbefore10：30p.m.

E."IAmChange,9celebration

Enjoyfood,wineandspiritsasyoudancetoamerrymixofsmoothjazz,R&Band

soulmusicatChristianGonzalez's"IAmChange^^bashcelebratingBlackHistory

MonthSundaynight.Cocktailorsemi-formalattirerequired.$20.8.p.m.

F.PresidentialInauguration（就职）inLEGOs@LegolandCalifornia

Can'tmakeittoWashingtonD.C.toseeBarackObamaswear?HeadtoCarlsbad

whereLegolandrecreatesthepresidentialinaugurationinLegos.Morethan1,000

mini-figureshavebeencreatedoutofthousandsofLEGObricksincludingObama

andhisfamily,vice-presidentJosephBidenandhiswifeJill,GeorgeandLauraBush

andmanyothers.

以下是一些人士的情况，请为他们选择合适的栏目信息：

()1.Heddyisateenagerwhoisquiteinterestedindetectivestories.Heis

fascinatedinhowthepoliceuseprofessionalandhi-techmeasures&equipmentto

findoutthetruthbehindeachcrimeandgetthecriminalstiedunderlaw.

()2.Sisi,ayounggirlandamovielover.Shehasalwaysimaginedherselftobe

thecharactersinmovies,devotingallherheartintofollowingeverybitoftheirlives,

especiallythecostumesandthesettings.

()3.JamiehasdevelopedaninterestinpoliticsandisnowstudyinginCalifornia

University.Butduetosomereasons,hehadnochancetojointhenewpresident's

swearinginceremony.Hehasviewedthescenemanytimes,butstillcouldnotfeel

thegeneralatmospherethere.

()4.Victoriaisacollegestudent,amajorinsculpture.Shehasfeltthatitis

beneficialtoappreciateotherformsofartcreation,sosheishighlyconcernedwiththe

relevantinformationofexhibitionandsimilarevents.

()5.Bandeisablackstudentstudyinglawincollege.Heisamemberofthe

collegebandandheisdevotedtothatkindofmusic一slow,melancholy,

mind-comforting.

【解析】

1.AHeddy对侦探故事及警察的破案过程感兴趣，A展出此类题材。

2.CSisi喜欢电影和里面的服装，可以去观看C项展出。

3.FJamie对政治感兴趣，想体验新总统就职的气氛，但无缘参与。F微

缩雕刻正再现了关于新总统、副总统及其家人等的一些场景。

4.BVictoria是雕刻专业的学生，同时关注其他艺术形式，而B是关于陶

瓷的艺术作品展出。

5.EBande是黑人，且酷爱音乐，尤其是舒缓、忧郁的，而由黑人发展来

的爵士、灵魂音乐正是这一风格，故E合适。

♦实践演练

(1)

A.PastaHouse-newItalianrestaurantlocatedintheheartofthecity.Simplebut

deliciousinexpensivemeals.Alsohasagoodrangeofvegetable-onlymeals.Ifs

alwayscrowdedsobereadytoordertake-awayorshareatable.Open11a.m.to

midnight.

B.ATasteofIndia-famousforitsspicycurriesandmanysouthernIndiandishes

usingchilli.Youwillusuallybeabletofindatableduringtheweekbutifyou're

planningtogoontheweekendmakesureyoubookatableinadvance.Opennoon

tomidnight.

C.ParisMatch-thisisthefinestFrenchrestaurantinthecity.Wonderfulfoodyou

canenjoyinluxurioussuiToundings.Theperfectplacetohavearomanticmealor

impressabusinesspartner,butbepreparedforalargebill.Opennoonto2a.m.

Bookingessential.

D.MountainDiner-notfancybuttasty.ExcellentAsianandEuropeandishes.

Countrysidelocationsurroundedbyforest.It'satleastanhour'sdrivefromthecity

soyoumightwanttostayatthenearbyMountainHotelovernight.Open7a.m.to

10p.m.

E.OwlCafe-open24hoursadaythecafehasalargeselectionofsetbreakfast,

lunchanddinnermealsforyoutochoosefrom,oryoucanenjoyoneoftheirmany

delicioussnacksanddessertsoveracupoffreshlymadecoffee.

EGreekBistro-alivelyrestaurantthatservesgreat-valueGreekfoodandhaslive

Greekmusicplayedbyalocalband.Customersareencouragedtotakepartinthe

entertainmentsobereadyforanightofloudfunandlaughter.Open6p.m.to2

a.m.

以下是五个人的选择要求，请匹配每个人拟选择的地方：

46.Bill-waslategettinguptodaysohasn'thadtimetomakebreakfast.Hewantsto

pickupsomethingtoeatbeforehegoestoworksohehasenoughenergytolast

throughtolunchtime.

47.Julie-worksinthecityandwantstogetsomelunch.Shedoesn'twantanything

toospecialsolongasitistastyandnottooexpensive.Julielikesallkindsoffood

butbecausesheisonadietshewantstoavoidanythingcontainingmeat.

48.Sally-hasfriendsvisitingherfromout-of-townandwantstotakethemtodinner.

Shewantstotakethemsomewheretheycanenjoytheatmosphereandhavefun.

Sheisauniversitystudentsodoesn'thavealotofmoneyanddoesn'tlikeherfood

toohot.

49.Albert-isabusinessmanwhowillmeetanimportantEuropeanclientfora

businessdinnernextweek.Wanttobookatableataquietrestaurantthatwill

impresshisguestwithbothitsfoodanditssurroundings.

50.Robert-ismeetinghisfriendBenforlunchtoday(Tuesday)andwantstotake

himtoanicerestaurant.BothRobertandBenenjoygoodqualityspicyfood.

Robertdoesn'tlikearrangingthingsinadvancesohehasn'tbookedatable.

(2)

五家公司想了解更多产品货物服务情况。阅读下面六个货物服务机构相关介绍选

项(A、B、C、D、E和F),选出符合各家公司需求的最佳选项。

CargoService

A.Beijing/Dandong/Pyongyang/NampoB.EASTINTERNATIONAL

AndyChaoTRANSPORTATIONLTD

TRAINSSERVICECOLTDAirExpress,OceanFreight(货运)；

Add:99NongzhanguanNanlu,DomesticTransportation,Trucking,

ChaoyangDistrict,Beijing100026ExhibitionandCustomsdeclaration.

Tel:(86-10)65929973,65929974,HeadOffice:21XiaoyunRoad,

65913456Dongsanhuanbeilul,Beijing,100027,China.

Fax:(86-10)65943562Tel:(86-10)64618899

E-mail:andychao@public,gb.Com.Cn

C.COSCOINTERNATIONALAIRD.EastEuro-AsiaShippingAndTrading

FREIGHTCOLTDGmbhBeijingOffice

Internationalairexpressandcargosales,Shippingandforwardingagency

Sea-and-aircoordinatedtransportconsultancyandcontactfortrading

Information.business.

Add:1/F,LightBuildingA4,9thBlock,Add:RoomC403-C405,5,SanliheRoad,

Hepingli,Beijing100013,ChinaHaidianDistrict,Beijing100044,China

Tel:(86-10)64242071Tel:(86-10)68494453/68494485/68494455

Fax:(86-10)68494455Mr.RenHaili

Fax:(86-10)64204225/6

E.GMBH&COFR.MERER3SOHNF.ANNENGINTERNATIONALCARGO

Airandseainternationaltransportation,TRANSPORTATIONAGENCY

EspeciallyforexporttransportationfromSpace-booking,ware-housing&packaging;

Europetodifferentareas.Customsdeclaration,quarantine

RM62LandmarkTower2,Beijingexaminationandqualityinspection

100004,Chinadeclarationandinsurance;

Tel:(86-10)65907060Making&signingrelateddocuments

Fax:(86-10)65907058settlementsoffreightcharges.International

expressdelivery;Consultation.

Add:RM205,HuangshangBuilding,

Xiangheyuanzhongli,ChaoyangDistrict,

Beijing100028,China

Tel:(86-10)64638083

Fax:(86-10)64680198

请阅读下列五个公司的基本想法，然后匹配相关信息：

1.Yourcargoesneedsellinginaforeigncountry.Soyouhavetocontactwith

thecompanymainlyengagedinexporttransportation.

2.YourcompanywantstoopenupamarketinRussiaandneedssomeadviceon

howtodotradingbusinesswithRussians.

3.Youwanttohaveyourgoodstransportedabroadbyshipwithoutyourgoing

tothecustomsyourself.Andyourmanagerasksyoutotelephonethecompanyin

Beijingassoonaspossible.

4.Yourfirmhasalargenumberofplasticproductswhichwillbesoldinsome

areaslikeNorthChinaorNorthKorea.Trainsserviceisamust.

5.Yourcompanyhasnewlybeensetupandintendstosetfootininternational

trade.Soyouneedtoknowmoreinformationviatransportationagency.

♦家庭作业

Haveyoueverheardthestoryofthefbur-minutemile?Foryearspeoplebelieved

thatitisimpossibleforahumanbeingtoJ_amileinlessthanfourminutesuntil

RogerBanisterprovedit_2_in1954.Withinoneyear,37runners_3_thebelief

barrier.Andtheyearafterthat,300otherrunnersdidthesamething.

Whathappensifyouputananimalina_4_?Anyanimal,bigorsmall,willswim

itswaythrough.Whathappenswhensomeone,whodoesnotknowhowtoswim,falls

indeepwaters?You5.Ifananimalwhohasnotlearnedswimmingcould_6_by

swimming,whynotyou?Becauseyoubelieveyouwilldrownwhiletheanimaldoes

not.

These_7_showthepowerofbeliefs.Thereisnoothermore_8_forcein

directinghumanbehaviorthanbelief.Ourbeliefsha