2025年湖北省初二上学期英语试题及解答参考

2025年湖北省英语初二上学期自测试题及解答参考一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1、Whatdoesthemansayabouthisweekendplans?A.Heisplanningtovisithisgrandparents.B.Hewillgohikinginthemountains.C.Heisgoingtostayhomeandstudy.Answer:B

Explanation:Themanmentionsthathewillbegoinghikinginthemountainsovertheweekend,makingoptionBthecorrectanswer.Theotheroptionsarenotmentionedintheconversation.2、Whydoesthewomanapologizetotheman?A.Sheislatebecauseshehadanemergency.B.Sheforgottoreturntheman’sbook.C.Shedidn’theartheman’squestioncorrectly.Answer:B

Explanation:Thewomandirectlyapologizesfornotreturningtheman’sbook,indicatingthatoptionBisthecorrectanswer.OptionsAandCarenotrelevanttotheapologygivenintheconversation.3、Whatistheweatherliketodayaccordingtotheconversation?A.It’ssunny.B.It’scloudy.C.It’srainy.D.It’swindy.Answer:B.It’scloudy.

Explanation:Intheconversation,thespeakermentionsthatit’sgoingtorainlaterintheday,indicatingthattheweatheriscurrentlycloudy.4、Whydoestheteacheraskthestudentstocometothelibraryafterclass?A.Toborrowbooks.B.Toprepareforatest.C.Toreadnewspapers.D.Tocheckouttheirgrades.Answer:A.Toborrowbooks.

Explanation:Theteacherexplicitlystatesthatthelibraryisagoodplacetoborrowbooks,suggestingthatthestudentsshouldvisitthelibraryforthatpurpose.5.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweentwostudents,AliceandBob,discussingtheirweekendplans.Listentotheconversationandanswerthequestion.HowdoesAliceplantospendherweekend?A.Shewillgohiking.B.Shewillstayhomeandreadbooks.C.Shewillvisithergrandparents.Answer:C

Explanation:Intheconversation,Alicementions,“I’mgoingtovisitmygrandparentsthisweekend,”whichindicatesthatshehasplanstospendherweekendvisitingthem.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisC.6.Inthisnextpart,youwillhearashortdialoguebetweenateacherandastudentaboutanupcomingscienceproject.Listencarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestion.Whatdoestheteacheradvisethestudenttodobeforestartingtheproject?A.Toreadtheentirebookonthetopic.B.Todiscusstheprojectwithagroupoffriends.C.Toresearchthetopiconline.Answer:B

Explanation:Theteachersays,“Beforeyoustart,Irecommendyoudiscusstheprojectwithagroupoffriendstogetdifferentperspectives,”suggestingthatthestudentshouldengageinadiscussionwithpeerstogathervariousviewpoints.Thus,thecorrectanswerisB.7.Listentothedialogueandanswerthequestion.

W:Haveyoufinishedyourscienceprojectyet,Tom?

M:Almost.Ijustneedtowritetheconclusion.It’sduetomorrow.

Q:WhatdoesTomneedtodonext?

A:Writetheconclusion.

Explanation:ThequestionaskswhatTomneedstodonext.Inthedialogue,Tomsayshejustneedstowritetheconclusion,whichistheanswer.8.Listentothepassageandcompletethefollowingsentence.

ThemoonisEarth’sonlynaturalsatellite.Itisabout384,400kilometersawayfromEarth.Themoon’sgravityisweakerthanEarth’s,whichiswhyobjectsonthemooncanfloat.Themoongoesthroughdifferentphases,whicharecausedbythechangingpositionsofthemoon,Earth,andthesun.Fillintheblank:Themoon’sgravityis__________thanEarth’s.A:weaker

Explanation:Thequestionaskstofillintheblankwiththeappropriatecomparison.Inthepassage,itismentionedthatthemoon’sgravityisweakerthanEarth’s,sothecorrectansweris“weaker.”9.Listentothefollowingconversationbetweentwostudents,AliceandBob,andchoosethebestanswertothequestion.Question:WhatisthemainreasonAlicedecidedtojointheschoolsportsteam?A.Sheisverygoodatsports.B.Shewantstomeetnewfriends.C.Sheneedstoimproveherphysicalfitness.D.Shehasalwayswantedtobeaprofessionalathlete.Answer:BExplanation:Intheconversation,Alicementions,“Ithoughtitwouldbeagreatwaytomeetnewpeopleandstayactive.”Thisindicatesthathermainreasonforjoiningtheteamistomeetnewfriends,whichcorrespondstooptionB.10.Listentothefollowingdialoguebetweenateacherandastudent,John,andanswerthequestion.Question:WhatadvicedoestheteachergivetoJohnaboutstudyingforhisexams?A.TospendmoretimewatchingTV.B.Togetenoughsleepandeathealthyfood.C.Tostudyforlongerperiodswithoutbreaks.D.Tofocusonsubjectsheisnotinterestedin.Answer:BExplanation:TheteacheradvisesJohn,“Remembertogetenoughrestandeathealthymeals.It’simportanttobewell-restedandfueledupforexams.”ThisindicatesthattheteacherrecommendsJohntogetenoughsleepandeathealthyfood,whichcorrespondstooptionB.11.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweentwostudentsdiscussingtheirweekendplans.StudentA:I’mthinkingofgoinghikingthisweekend.Areyouplanningtodoanythingspecial?StudentB:Yeah,Iwasactuallythinkingaboutvisitingthecitymuseum.Theyhaveanewexhibitonancientartifacts.Question:WhatisStudentB’splanfortheweekend?

A)Gohiking

B)Visitthecitymuseum

C)Stayathome

D)GotothebeachAnswer:B)VisitthecitymuseumExplanation:StudentBexplicitlymentionsthattheyareplanningtovisitthecitymuseumtoseethenewexhibitonancientartifacts.12.Youarelisteningtoaweatherforecastforasmalltown.WeatherForecaster:Goodmorning,everyone.Thisisyourlocalweatherupdate.Fortoday,we’reexpectingpartlycloudyskieswithahighof75degreesFahrenheit.Thereisa30%chanceofscatteredshowersintheafternoon.Tonight,itwillbemostlyclearwithalowofaround50degrees.Remembertocarryanumbrellaifyouplantobeoutsideduringtheday.Question:Whatistheweatherforecastfortodayintheafternoon?

A)Clear

B)Sunny

C)Rainy

D)WindyAnswer:C)RainyExplanation:Theweatherforecastspecificallymentionsa30%chanceofscatteredshowersintheafternoon,indicatingthatitwillberainyduringthattime.13.Youhearaconversationbetweentwostudentsdiscussingtheirweekendplans.A.Theyareplanningtogotothebeach.B.Theyareplanningtogohiking.C.Theyareplanningtogoshopping.D.Theyareplanningtogotoamovie.Answer:B

Explanation:Intheconversation,onestudentmentionsthattheysawabeautifulhikingtraillastweekendandtheotherstudentrespondsbysayingtheywouldlovetogohikingtoo.Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB.14.Youlistentoateacherexplainingtheimportanceofgrammarinwriting.A.Theteachersaysgrammarisnotimportantatall.B.Theteacherexplainsthatgrammarhelpsinmakingthewritingclearandunderstandable.C.Theteachersaysgrammarisonlyimportantfortests.D.Theteacherbelievesthatgrammarisnotnecessaryinmodernwriting.Answer:B

Explanation:Intheexplanation,theteacheremphasizesthatpropergrammariscrucialforclearandeffectivecommunication.Theteacherusesexamplesofhowpoorgrammarcanleadtomisunderstandingsinwriting.Thus,thecorrectanswerisB.15.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweenastudentandateacher.Thestudentisaskingtheteacherabouttheduedateforaproject.Theteachersays,“TheprojectisduenextFriday,whichisthe20th.”Question:Onwhatdateistheprojectdue?

A)The15th

B)The20th

C)The25th

D)The30thAnswer:B)The20thExplanation:TheteacherexplicitlystatesthattheprojectisduenextFriday,whichisidentifiedasthe20th.16.Listentoadialoguebetweentwofriendsdiscussingtheirplansfortheweekend.Thefirstfriendsays,“I’mplanningtogohikingonSaturday,butI’mnotsureaboutSunday.Doyouhaveanyplans?”Thesecondfriendresponds,“IwasthinkingofvisitingthemuseumonSunday,butI’mopentoothersuggestionsifyouhavesomethingelseinmind.”Question:Whatdoesthesecondfriend’sinitialplanforSundayinvolve?

A)Goinghiking

B)Visitingthemuseum

C)Goingshopping

D)AttendingaconcertAnswer:B)VisitingthemuseumExplanation:ThesecondfrienddirectlystatestheirinitialplanforSundayistovisitthemuseum.17.Youarelisteningtoaconversationbetweentwostudentsintheschoollibrary.StudentAisaskingforhelpwithabook.StudentA:Hey,doyouknowwhereIcanfindthebook“ToKillaMockingbird”?

StudentB:Yeah,it’susuallyonthefictionshelf.ButIthinkit’sonreserverightnow.You’llhavetoaskatthecirculationdesk.Question:Whereisthebook“ToKillaMockingbird”typicallyfound?

A)Onthefictionshelf.

B)Atthecirculationdesk.

C)Inthereservesection.

D)Inthenon-fictionsection.Answer:A)Onthefictionshelf.17.Answer:A)Onthefictionshelf.

Explanation:StudentBmentionsthat“ToKillaMockingbird”isusuallyonthefictionshelf,indicatingthatthisisthetypicallocationforthebook.18.Listentoashortdialoguebetweenateacherandastudentdiscussinganupcomingscienceproject.Teacher:OK,John,yourscienceprojectisduenextweek.Whattopicareyougoingtochoose?

Student:Well,Iwasthinkingaboutdoingsomethingwithrenewableenergysources.Iheardthatsolarpanelsarereallypopularrightnow.Question:WhatisJohnconsideringforhisscienceproject?

A)Solarpanels.

B)Renewableenergysources.

C)Electricitygeneration.

D)Chemistryexperiments.Answer:B)Renewableenergysources.18.Answer:B)Renewableenergysources.

Explanation:Thestudent,John,explicitlymentionsthatheisthinkingaboutdoingsomethingwithrenewableenergysources,indicatinghisinterestinthatparticulartopicforhisscienceproject.19.Youhearaconversationbetweentwostudents,AliceandBob,discussingtheirweekendplans.Listentotheconversationandanswerthequestion.WhatdoesAlicedecidetodothisweekend?A.Gotothebeachwithherfriends.B.Stayhomeandreadbooks.C.Visithergrandparentsinthecountryside.Answer:B

Explanation:Intheconversation,Alicementions,“IthinkI’lljuststayhomethisweekendandcatchuponsomereading.”Thisindicatesthatshehasdecidedtostayhomeandreadbooks.20.Youhearaweatherreportforamajorcity.Thereportincludesinformationaboutthecurrenttemperature,windspeed,andaforecastforthenextfewdays.Listentothereportandanswerthequestion.Whatwilltheweatherbelikeinthenextthreedays?A.Itwillbesunnyandwarm.B.Therewillberainandstrongwinds.C.Theweatherwillbecoolwithoccasionalsnow.Answer:C

Explanation:Theweatherreportstates,“Thenextthreedayswillbringcoolertemperatureswithachanceofsnow,especiallyduringtheearlymornings.”Thisindicatesthattheweatherwillbecoolwithoccasionalsnow.二、阅读理解（30分）ReadingComprehensionPassage:InthesmalltownofWillowCreek,therewasafamouslibrarycalledthe“WhisperingBooks.”Thislibrarywasuniquebecauseitsbookswereneverspokenaloud.Instead,theywhisperedsecretstothepeoplewhoweremeanttohearthem.Thelibrarywassaidtobemagical,andmanybelievedthatthebookscouldpredictthefuture.Oneday,ayounggirlnamedLilydecidedtovisittheWhisperingBooks.Shehadheardtalesofthelibrarysinceshewasachildandhadalwaysbeencuriousaboutitssecrets.Uponentering,shewasgreetedbythesofthumofwhispers.Shewanderedthroughtheaisles,herfingersbrushingagainstthespinesofthebooks,eachonefeelingslightlyheavierthanthelast.AsLilycontinuedherexploration,shestumbleduponalarge,leather-boundbookwithatitlethatseemedtoglowfaintly.Thebookwastitled“TheMirrorofFate.”Intrigued,sheopeneditandbegantoread.ThefirstpagespokeofaprophecythatwouldunfoldinthetownofWillowCreek.Itmentionedachildwhowouldhavethepowertochangethedestinyofthetown,butonlyiftheychosetoembracetheirgift.Lilyfeltastrangeconnectiontothebookandknewthatshewasmeanttobethechildmentionedintheprophecy.Shespentthenextfewdaysreadingthebookcovertocover,learningaboutthehistoryofWillowCreekandthesignificanceofthelibrary’swhispers.Oneevening,asLilywasleavingthelibrary,shenoticedasmall,oldmansittingonthestepsoutside.Hehadakindsmileandofferedherapieceofadvice,“Thewhispersarejuststories,Lily.Butthepowertochangedestinylieswithinyou.Onlyyoucandecidewhatthefuturewillbe.”Questions:1.WhatmadetheWhisperingBookslibraryspecialinWillowCreek?

A)Thebookswerewritteninanancientlanguage.

B)Thebookswhisperedsecretstothosemeanttohearthem.

C)Thelibraryhadacollectionofrarebooksfromaroundtheworld.

D)Thelibrarywasbuiltwithenchantedstones.2.Whatwasthemainmessageofthebook“TheMirrorofFate”?

A)Thelibrarywasaplaceofevilanddeception.

B)ThefutureofWillowCreekwaspredetermined.

C)ThepowertochangedestinywaswithinLily’sgrasp.

D)ThetownofWillowCreekwouldsoonbedestroyed.3.WhatadvicedidtheoldmangivetoLily?

A)Sheshouldavoidthelibraryatallcosts.

B)Sheshouldreadthebook“TheMirrorofFate”again.

C)Thewhisperswerejuststoriesandsheshouldnotbelievethem.

D)SheshouldusethepowershehadtochangethedestinyofWillowCreek.Answers:1.B)Thebookswhisperedsecretstothosemeanttohearthem.2.C)ThepowertochangedestinywaswithinLily’sgrasp.3.D)SheshouldusethepowershehadtochangethedestinyofWillowCreek.三、完型填空（15分）Readthefollowingpassageandfillintheblankswiththemostsuitablewords.Eachblankhasonlyonecorrectanswer.Lastyear,Sarahdecidedtostartherowngarden.Shewasalwaysfascinatedbythebeautyofflowersandwantedtoexperiencethejoyofgrowingthem.Onesunnyweekend,shevisitedalocalnurseryandboughtseveralplants.Sarahknewthatsheneededtopreparethesoilfirst.Shereadabookongardeningandlearnedthatthesoilshouldberichinnutrients.Sheboughtsomeorganicfertilizerandmixeditwiththesoil.Thenextstepwastoplanttheseeds.Sarahcarefullyplacedtheseedsintheholesshehaddugandcoveredthemwithathinlayerofsoil.Shewateredtheplantsthoroughlyandplacedtheminasunnyspot.Daysturnedintoweeks,andSarahcouldn’twaittoseetheresults.Onemorning,shenoticedsomethingunusual.Oneoftheplantshadabrightgreenleafthatwasmuchlargerthantheothers.1.Sarahdecidedtostartherowngardenbecauseshewas__________bythebeautyofflowers.excitedfascinatedinterestedcurious2.Thesoilshouldbe__________tosupporthealthyplantgrowth.dryhardrichinnutrientsloose3.Sarahreadabookongardeningto__________therightwaytopreparethesoil.learnasktellsuggest4.Sheboughtsomeorganicfertilizerandmixeditwiththesoilto__________it.fillcleanenrichdry5.Sarahwateredtheplantsthoroughlyandplacedthemina__________spottoensuretheywouldreceiveenoughsunlight.darkcoolsunnywindyAnswers:1.b)fascinated2.c)richinnutrients3.a)learn4.c)enrich5.c)sunny四、语法填空题（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、Theteachersuggestedthatwe_______(keep)ourclassroomcleanandtidyatalltimes.Answer:keepExplanation:Inreportedspeech,whenthemainverbisinthepasttense,theverbinthesubordinateclausecanremaininitsoriginalpresenttenseformifitreferstoageneraltruthorasuggestion.Here,thesuggestionisaboutmaintainingcleanliness,whichisalwaysapplicable,so“keep”iscorrectwithoutchangingtothepasttense.2、Ifyouneedanyfurtherinformation,youshould_______(contact)theschooloffice.Answer:contactExplanation:Themodalverb“should”isfollowedbythebaseformofthemainverb.Inthiscase,“contact”isthebaseformandfitscorrectlyafter“should”.Thesentenceisgivingadviceonwhatactiontotakeifmoreinformationisneeded,hencetheuseof“shouldcontact”.3、Thecat,___________alwaysbeenafanofthesun,preferstolieonthewindowsillinthemorning.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.itAnswer:AExplanation:Thecorrectrelativepronounhereis“which”becauseitrefersto“Thecat”asawhole,anditintroducesanon-restrictiverelativeclausethatprovidesadditionalinformationaboutthecat.Theotheroptionsdonotfitthecontextcorrectly:“that”isusedforrestrictiveclauses,“who”isusedforpeople,and“it”isnotarelativepronoun.4、She___________hernewbooktousbecauseshethinkswewouldenjoyit.A.gaveB.givesC.isgivingD.willgiveAnswer:AExplanation:Thecorrectverbformisthesimplepasttense“gave”becausetheactionofgivingthebookhasalreadyoccurredinthepast.Theotheroptionsdonotmatchthepastevent:“gives”isthepresentsimple,“isgiving”isthepresentcontinuous,and“willgive”isthefuturesimple.5.Inthe___________(come)park,weoftenseechildrenplayingwiththeirpets.答案：coming解析：本题考查现在分词作定语的用法。根据句意，公园是“正在来的”，表示主动关系，因此用现在分词形式coming。6.IfI___________(be)you,Iwouldnotwastetimeonthismatter.答案：were解析：本题考查虚拟语气的用法。根据句意，这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，因此主句用would+动词原形，从句用过去式（were），表示虚拟的情况。7、We______(have)ameetingat8o’clocktomorrowmorning.

Answer:willhave

Explanation:Thesentenceistalkingaboutafutureevent,whichisthemeetingscheduledfortomorrowmorningat8o’clock.Toexpressanactionthatwilltakeplaceinthefuture,weuse“will”followedbythebaseformoftheverb,inthiscase,“have.”8、IfI______(be)you,Iwouldstudyharderforthetest.

Answer:were

Explanation:Thissentenceusesthesecondconditionaltotalkaboutahypotheticalsituationanditspossibleresult.Intheif-clause,whenreferringtoanypersonincludingyourself,youshoulduse“were”aspartofthesubjunctivemoodtoexpresssomethingthatiscontrarytofact.Hence,“IfIwereyou”isthecorrectformtosuggestwhatonewoulddoinanother’sposition.9.Theoldmanwasso(1)_______thathecouldn’teven(2)_______hiseyesopen.

a)tired;tokeep

b)angry;toclose

c)happy;toclose

d)sad;tokeepAnswer:a)tired;tokeep

Explanation:Thecorrectansweris“tired”becausethesentencedescribestheoldman’sextremeexhaustion.Thephrase“couldn’teven”indicatesanegativeability,whichiswhy“tokeep”isthecorrectinfinitiveformtofollow“even.”10.Ifyou(1)_______yourhomework,youwon’tbeabletogooutwithyourfriends.

a)finish

b)don’tfinish

c)finished

d)haven’tfinishedAnswer:b)don’tfinish

Explanation:Thesentenceisintheconditionaltense,specificallythesecondconditional,whichisusedtoexpressafuturepossibilitythatisnotlikelytohappen.Thecorrectformtousehereis“if+subject+didn’t+verb,”whichiswhy“don’tfinish”isthecorrectanswer.五、简答题（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）1、WhatarethemaindifferencesbetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthesimplepasttenseinEnglish?Answer:

Themaindifferencesbetweenthepresentperfecttenseandthesimplepasttenseareasfollows:1.Timeofaction:Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathavehappenedatanunspecifiedtimebeforethepresent,withoutnecessarilyfinishing.Thesimplepasttenseisusedforactionsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepast.2.Duration:Thepresentperfecttensecanbeusedwithtimeadverbslike“already,”“yet,”or“ever,”whichsuggestaduration.Thesimplepasttensedoesnotconveyduration.3.Frequency:Thepresentperfecttensecanbeusedwithadverbsoffrequencylike“often,”“sometimes,”or“never,”whichindicaterepeatedactions.Thesimplepasttenseisnottypicallyusedwiththeseadverbs.4.Resultoreffect:Thepresentperfecttenseoftenincludesaresultoreffectofthepastaction,usingverbslike“have,”“has,”“had.”Thesimplepasttensedoesnotimplyaresult.5.Continuity:Thepresentperfecttensecanbeusedwithgerunds,whilethesimplepasttenseisnotusedwithgerunds.1.Thesimplepasttensereferstocompletedactionsinthepastwithnoconnectiontothepresent,whereasthepresentperfecttenseconnectsthepasttothepresent,emphasizingthepresentresultorongoingaspectoftheaction.2.Thesimplepasttenseisusedwithspecifictimes,whilethepresentperfecttenseisusedwithtimeadverbsthatdonotindicateaspecifictime.3.Thesimplepasttenseisnottypicallyusedwithadverbsoffrequency,whilethepresentperfecttensecanbe.4.Thepresentperfecttensecanincludearesultoreffect,whilethesimplepasttensedoesnot.5.Thesimplepasttensedoesnotconveycontinuity,whilethepresentperfecttensecanbeusedwithgerunds,indicatingacontinuousaspect.2、Howcanyoudeterminewhethertouse“thereis”or“thereare”inasentence?Answer:

Todeterminewhethertouse“thereis”or“thereare,”considerthefollowingguidelines:Answer:1.Use“thereis”whenreferringtoasingularnounortoasingularobjectthatisconsideredasasingleunit,regardlessofwhetheritisactuallyasingleentity.Forexample:Thereisabookonthetable.Thereisaproblemwiththecomputer.2.Use“thereare”whenreferringtopluralnounsortoasingularnounthatisnotconsideredasasingleunit,orwhenthefocusisonthequantityofthesubjects.Forexample:Therearebooksonthetable.Therearemanyproblemswiththecomputer.3.Ifthesubjectfollowing“there”isasingle,collectivenounthatreferstoagroupofpeopleorthings,use“thereis”or“thereare”basedonthenatureofthenoun.Forexample:Thereisateamofplayers.Thereareseveralteamsofplayers.4.Ifthesentencebeginswithaprepositionalphrase,thechoicebetween“thereis”and“thereare”dependsonthenounthatfollowsthepreposition.Ifthenounissingular,use“thereis”;ifitisplural,use“thereare.”Forexample:Thereisabookonthetable.Therearebooksonthetable.5.Payattentiontothefirstwordfollowing“there.”Ifitisasingularnounorasingularobject,use“thereis.”Ifitisapluralnoun,use“thereare.”Insummary,thechoicebetween“thereis”and“thereare”dependsonthenumberandnatureofthesubjectsbeingdescribed,aswellasthefocusofthesentence.3、WhatarethethreemainpartsofatypicalEnglishessay,andhowdotheycontributetotheoverallstructureandcoherenceoftheessay?Answer:ThethreemainpartsofatypicalEnglishessayaretheintroduction,thebody,andtheconclusion.解析：Theintroductionsetsthestagefortheessaybypresentingthetopic,providingbackgroundinformation,andstatingthethesisormainargumentoftheessay.Thebodyisthemainpartoftheessay,wherethewriterdevelopsthethesisandsupportsitwithevidence,examples,andexplanations.Thebodyusuallyconsistsofseveralparagraphs,eachfocusingonadifferentaspectoftheargument.Theconclusionsummarizesthemainpointsdiscussedintheessay,reinforcesthethesis,andprovidesclosuretotheargument.Itmayalsosuggestfurtheractionorimplicationsofthetopicdiscussed.4、HowcantheuseoffigurativelanguageenhancetheeffectivenessofanEnglishessay?Answer:TheuseoffigurativelanguagecanenhancetheeffectivenessofanEnglishessayinseveralways:Itaddsdepthandinteresttothewriting,makingitmoreengagingforthereader.Ithelpstoclarifycomplexideasorconceptsbyusingcomparisonsandanalogiesthataremorerelatableandunderstandable.Itcanevokeemotionsorimagery,creatingastrongerconnectionbetweenthereaderandthetext.Itcanemphasizetheimportanceofcertainpointsorargumentsbyusingvividandstrikinglanguage.Itcanprovideauniqueandmemorablequalitytotheessay,settingitapartfromothers.解析：Figurativelanguageincludesdevicessuchasmetaphors,similes,personification,andalliteration,amongothers.Thesedevicescanmaketheessaymoredynamicandexpressive,helpingtoconveythewriter’smessagemoreeffectively.5、DescribethemaincharacteristicsoftheRenaissanceandexplainhowitinfluencedEuropeansocietyandculture.Answer:

TheRenaissance,whichroughlyspannedfromthe14thtothe17thcentury,wascharacterizedbyarevivalofinterestintheclassicalart,literature,andlearningofAncientGreeceandRome.ThemaincharacteristicsoftheRenaissanceinclude:1.Humanism:Afocusonthestudyofhumannature,achievements,andpotential,whichemphasizedtheimportanceofindividualismandhumandignity.2.Rediscoveryofclassicaltexts:TherediscoveryandtranslationofclassicalGreekandRomantexts,suchasthosebyPlato,Aristotle,Virgil,andHorace,contributedtotheintellectualdevelopmentoftheperiod.3.Artisticinnovation:TheRenaissancesawadvancementsinart,withartistslikeLeonardodaVinci,Michelangelo,andRaphaelcreatingmasterpiecesthatemphasizedperspective,realism,andhumanemotion.4.Secularism:Ashiftawayfromreligiousdogmaandafocusonthematerialworldandhumanexperience.5.Technologicalandscientificadvancements:Theperiodwasmarkedbysignificanttechnologicalandscientificadvancements,suchastheinventionoftheprintingpressandthedevelopmentofnewmathematicalandscientifictheories.TheRenaissancehadaprofoundinfluenceonEuropeansocietyandculture:1.Education:Theemphasisonhumanismledtotheestablishmentofnewuniversitiesandtheexpansionofeducation,whichfosteredintellectualdevelopmentandcriticalthinking.2.Art:Thearti