Unit5DiscoveringUsefulStructures课件高中英语精美课件与练习

Unit5DiscoveringUsefulStructuresClue1:ThelanguageisspokeninthecountrieswhereChineseistheofficiallanguage.Clue2:Toseetheworldinabroaderwayisthereasonwhypeoplelearnthelanguage.Clue3:IstartedtolearnthelanguageatthetimewhenIwasstillinthekindergarten.LeadinEnglish定语从句的关系副词关系副词先行词句中成分where地点地点状语when时间时间状语why原因原因状语关系副词=介词+关系代词where(=in/at/onwhich)when(=on/during/inwhich)why(=forwhich)IstillrememberthetimewhenIfirsttravelledbyplane.Wewillneverforgettheyearwhenthe29thOlympicGameswereheldinBeijing.关系副词when引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示时间的名词，关系词在从句中作时间状语。They’llneverforgetJuly1whenHongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland.定语从句的关系副词1.whenonwhichwhen引导的定语从句修饰表示时间的名词,

如time,

morning,day,week,month,year,

date,moment等,在定语从句中时间状语,相当于“地点介词+which”。Idon'tknowthereasonwhyhedidn'tturntohisgoodfriendforhelpyesterday.Canyoutellmethereasonwhyyoudidn'tcometohisbirthdayparty?关系副词why引导定语从句时，先行词常常为reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语。Therearemanyreasonswhypeopleliketraveling.定语从句的关系副词1.whyforwhichwhy引导的定语从句修饰先行词reason,在从句中作原因状语,相当于“for+which”。I'dliketoliveinthehousewherethereisplentyofsunshine.Youcouldgetintoasituationwhereyouhavetodecideimmediately.关系副词where引导定语从句时，先行词应是表示具体地点或抽象地点的名词，关系词在从句中作地点状语。ThisisthefactorywhereIworkedtenyearsago.定语从句的关系副词3.whereinwhichwhere引导的定语从句修饰表示地点的名词,在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“地点介词+which”。具体地点定语从句的关系副词3.where抽象地点Where引导定语从句的先行词一般是表示具体地点的名词，如place,room,house,school,building，factory等。ThisistheschoolwhereIusedtostay.有的先行词不是具体的地点名词，而是抽象的地点名词，如：position(位置,境地),stage(阶段),situation(环境),case(情况),occasion(场合),activity,point(地步),spot(地点),atmosphere(氛围)等。Thespotwheretheaccidenthappenedistheturningpointoftheroad.It'sputmeinapositionwhereIcan'taffordtotakethejob.并非先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的词时，都选用关系副词when,where,why,而是要先判断先行词在从句中是做状语还是主语宾语。定语从句的关系副词注意Thisisthefactory

Ivisitedlastyear.visit是及物动词，需要接宾语，thefactory放在从句中做visit的宾语，故选择指代物的关系代词which/that，且可以省略。Thisisthefactory

Iusedtowork.work是不及物动词，不需要接宾语，thefactory放在从句中做地点状语，故选择指代地点状语的关系副词where或inwhich。(which/that)where/inwhich即学即练单句语法填空①Iwillneverforgetthedaysthat/which

wespenttogether.②Iwillneverforgetthedayswhenwestayedtogether.③Thereasonthat/which

heexplainedatthemeetingwasnotsound.④Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedhistrain.⑤Keepthebookinaplacewhereyoucanfinditeasily.⑥Thisisthehousethat/which

wasbuiltbymygrandfatherfortyyearsago.ThisisthewayinwhichhestudiesEnglish.ThisisthewaythathestudiesEnglish.ThisisthewayhestudiesEnglish.因为在英语中没有专门表示“方式”的关系副词，因此，表示方式状语时，使用inwhich=intheway(通过某种方式)，that在这里作为关系副词，相当于inwhich。定语从句的关系副词4.特殊的关系副词that当先行词为the/away(方式),表示方式状语时,关系词可以使用inwhich/that/省略.1.介词+whom/whichThewomangeneralstillcanrememberthedayonwhichshejoinedthearmy.2.介词短语+whom/whichThemanhasahouse,infrontofwhichisthesea.3.不定代词或/数词+whom/whichChinahasalotoffamouswriters,oneofwhomisLuxun.4.名词+ofwhichShementionedamagazine,thetitleofwhichIhavewrittenonmynotebook.“介词+关系代词”结构也可以引导定语从句。有以下几种结构：介词+关系代词1.类型1．根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)来选择。YesterdaywevisitedtheWestLakeforwhichHangzhouisfamous.(befamousfor...“因……而出名”)2．根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)来选择。Thisisthecamerawithwhichheoftentakesphotos.(withthecamera“用照相机”)I‘llneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedthearmy.(ontheday“在那一天”)3．根据句子的意思来选择。Mycomputer,withoutwhichIcan'tsurftheInternet,brokedownyesterday.4．表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。Ihavetenbooks,halfofwhichwerewrittenbyMoYan.Theoldmanhastwosons,bothofwhomarelawyers.介词+关系代词2.介词的选用当关系代词在定从中作介词的宾语时，通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定从。如果指人，用“介词＋whom”；如果指物，用“介词＋which”。在定语从句中，有一些含介词的短语动词不可拆开使用，如lookafter、lookfor等不能把介词移至which或whom之前。介词+关系代词3.注意Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingafterareveryhealthy.(√)Thebabiesafterwhomthenursesarelookingareveryhealthy.(×)定语从句的分类限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是指先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语。非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词做些附加说明。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或者失去意义。如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。这种从句，写时往往用逗号隔开。从句修饰先行词，关系词在从句中做成分，且在从句中作宾语时可以省略；I'llneverforgettheday(that)wespenttogether.从句修饰先行词或者前面的整个句子，或其中一部分。Hesuddenlyfellill,whichkepthimfromschool.可以用that引导；Thatistheverytoolthatarelookingfor.不可以用that引导，主句和从句要用逗号隔开；Hisdog,whichhelikedverymuch,diedyesterday.省去定从则句子意思不完整。从句只是作为主句意义的补充，可以省去。即学即练单句语法填空1．Thedayswhentheytravelledtogethermeantalottohim.2．Nobodyknowsthereasonwhyshedidn'tgototheparty.3．Wevisitedthehousewherethefamousscientistoncelived.4．ThecarwhosewindowgotbrokenintheaccidentbelongstoMr.Brown.即学即练单句语法填空5．TheSmithshavetwochildren,bothofwhomworkinNewYork.6．MissLiuisanexcellentteacherfromwhomIhavelearntalot.7．Wehavecometoapointwhereeveryonehasdifferentopinionsanditisdifficulttoreachanagreement.即学即练用定语从句合并句子1．Ilovemyhometown.Ifeelproudofit.→Ilovemyhometowno