Unit2SportsCulture单词讲解课件高中英语牛津译林版（2020）选择性

Unit2SportscultureVocabulary1.solidarityn.团结，齐心协力solidaryadj.团结一致的，休戚相关的solidadj.固体的；坚硬的；实心的；可靠的；立体的；连续的n.固体；立体图形communitysolidarity社区团结express/showsolidaritywithsb.表示/表明支持某人agestureofsolidarity团结的表示anappealforworkersolidarity呼吁工人们团结Supporterswanttomarchtomorrowtoshowsolidaritywiththeirleaders.支持者有意在明天游行以表明对他们领导的支持。Peopleworeflowersintheirhairasagestureofsolidaritywiththetaxidrivers.Solidsturntoliquidsatcertaintemperatures.with2.BCEabbr.

公元前3.

participatevi.

参加，参与participationn.参加，参与

participantn.

参加者，参与者participatein=takepartin参加；参与

participateinsports/discussions/classroomactivities/socialactivities参加体育运动/讨论/课堂活动/社会活动theaudienceparticipation观众参与activeparticipationin=takeanactivepartin积极参与……Bythetimeheretired,hehadparticipatedinmorethan1000footballgames.到他退休的时候，他已经参加了1000多场足球赛了。4.

competevi.参加比赛；竞争competitive

adj.有竞争力的

competitionn.比赛，竞赛；竞争

competitorn.参赛者；竞争者，对手competewith/against

sb.同某人竞争competeinsth.参加....比赛competeforsth.为了...而竞争competetodosth.竞相做某事Severalcompaniesarecompetingforthecontract合同.Wecan’tcompetewith/againstthemonprice.He’shopingtocompeteintheLondonmarathon.他期盼着参加伦敦马拉松比赛。5.

racialadj.种族的；种族间的raciallyadv.种族地

race

n.赛跑；竞争；人种；民族v.参加比赛；快速移动；剧烈跳动racismn.种族歧视；种族主义racistn.种族主义者racialminorities[maɪˈnɒrɪtiz]

少数民族racialprejudice/discrimination/equality/origin

/harmony种族偏见/歧视/平等/背景/融洽Theyhavepledged[pledʒ]toendracialdiscriminationinemployment.他们已承诺终止就业中的种族歧视.Theylivedinaraciallymixedneighbourhood.他们住在一个种族混杂的社区里。6.

diverseadj.多种多样的，不同的diversityn.多样性；差异

diversifyv.使多样化；扩大业务范围peoplefromdiversecultures不同文化背景的人diverseinterests/ideas广泛的兴趣/不同的想法adiverserangeof各种各样不同的agreat/wide/richdiversityof各种各样的……cultural/livingdiversity文化/生物多样性近义词：variousadj.各种各样的；多姿多彩的varietyn.多种式样；变化，多样性；变种，变体，品种；综艺节目7.

jointadj.联合的，共同的n.关节；接合处makejointeffortstodosth.共同努力做某事ajointstatement联合声明ajointaccount联合账户akneejoint膝关节outofjoint(骨头）脱臼，脱位；混乱，无秩序，不正常Theoutputisboostedgreatlywithourjointefforts.在我们的共同努力下，产量大大提高了。Therewassomethingoutofjointinthesituation.情况有点儿不正常。8.

motivatevt.激励，激发；成为……的动机，是……的原因

motivationn.动力；动机

motivatedadj.积极的，主动的motivatesb.todosth.激励某人做某事bemotivatedby被.....激励one'smotivationfor(doing)sth.某人做某事的动机themotivationbehind...……背后的动机ahighlevelofmotivation高度积极性ahighlymotivatedstudent积极性很高的学生He’sintelligentenoughbuthelacksmotivation.他很聪明，但缺乏积极性。Howdoyoumotivatepeopletoworkhardandefficiently?Theyaremotivatedbyaneedtoachieve.

他们的动力来自于实现目标的需要。9.

motton.格言，座右铭(pl.mottoes,mottos)10.

boundaryn.边界，分界线nationalboundaries

国界theboundarybetween...……之间的分界线withintheboundariesof在……的范围内beyondtheboundariesof超出……的范围form/marktheboundary形成/标记边界pushbacktheboundaries(ofsth.)扩大（某事物的）范围11.

demonstrate

vt.表现，表露；证实，证明；示范，演示vi.游行示威demonstrationn.示范；证明；示威游行demonstratorn.示威者；证明者；论证者demonstratetosb.sth.=demonstratesth.tosb.向某人证明；证实Itisdemonstratedthat...据证明...demonstratethat...证明.....demonstrateinfavour/supportofsth.示威游行要求某事demonstrateagainst示威反对

demonstratetalent展示才能demonstratetheabilitytodosth.展示做某事的能力demonstratehowtodosth./howsb.do(es)sth.示范如何做某事/某人如何做某事Letmedemonstratetoyousomeofthedifficultieswearefacing.12.

afterwards(alsoafterward)adv.以后，后来shortlyafterwards=soonafterwards不久以后afewdaysafterwards几天以后拓：eastwardsadv.向东westwardsadv.向西downwardsadv.向下upwardsadv.向上forwardsadv.向前backwardsadv.向后Soonafterwards,hebeganhisresearchintopsychology.Manstrugglesupwards;waterflowsdownwards.13.

proceedvi.接着做，继而做；继续从事（或进行)；行进，前往proceedtodosth.继续做某事（另外一件事）proceedwithsth.继续做某事（或从事、进行某事）proceedsmoothly/normally进展顺利/正常proceedwithcaution谨慎进行；小心行事Heoutlinedhisplansandthenproceededtoexplaintheminmoredetail.他简单介绍了他的计划，接着又进行了较详细的解释。Westillwanttoproceedwiththesale.我们还要继续减价促销。14.

flamen.火焰，火舌Theflamesweregrowinghigherandhigher.火焰越来越高。15.

trackandfield田径运动16.

applaudvt.&vi.称赞，赞许；鼓掌applausen.喝彩，鼓掌deservetobeapplauded值得称赞applaudsb.forsth.因某事称赞某人applaudloudly/warmly热烈鼓掌applaudheartily热烈鼓掌;由衷地称赞aburst/roundofapplause一阵掌声loud/thunderousapplause响亮的/雷鸣般的掌声earn/get/receive/winapplause赢得掌声Iapplaudherforhavingthecouragetorefuse.Theygreetedhimwiththunderousapplause.

他们以雷鸣般的掌声欢迎他。17.

consistentadj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的consistentlyadv.一致地；始终如一地consistence/consistencyn.浓度/一致性，连贯性；粘稠度；密实度；平滑度；坚实度beconsistentwith...与...一致beconsistentin...在……方面保持一致aconsistentapproachtotheproblem解决问题的一贯方法apatternofconsistentgrowthintheeconomy经济持续增长的模式形近词：constantadj.连续不断的；重复的；恒定的n.常量Theresultsareentirelyconsistentwithourearlierresearch.Beckerwasneverthemostconsistentofplayersanyway.从来就不是一个很稳定的18.

callonsb.todosth.正式邀请某人做某事；请求某人做某事

=appealtosb.todosth.

callonsb.短暂拜访某人，探访某人；号召；要求callat访问某处；（车船等）停靠（某地）callback回电话；召回，叫回来callbysb.顺路拜访某人callfor需要，要求（有……）；去取（某物）；去接（某人同往某处）callouttosb.向某人大声呼喊calloff取消callsb.in召来/叫来某人（服务）；找来/请来callup打电话；使人想起Wecalled___MrSmith’shouseyesterday.Icalled____thedirectorathisoffice.Theoccassioncalls____quickaction.I’llcallyou_________inhalfanhour.Whywasthefootballmatchcalled_____?用恰当的介词填空。atonforbackoff19.humanityn.（统称）人，人类；人性；人道,仁慈

humanitarian[hjuːˌmænɪˈteəriən]adj.人道主义的；博爱的；慈善的

humanismn.人道主义；人本主义；人文主义；人文学

humanistn.人道主义者；人文主义者humane[hjuːˈmeɪn]adj.人道的;仁慈的;善良的crimesagainsthumanity危害人类罪commonhumanity共同的人性amanofdeephumanity一个极富同情心的人20.rankvi.&vt.属于某等级，把……分等级；排列，使排成行n.地位，级别；等级；排，列；军衔rankfirst/second排名第一/第二rankas具有……等级rankamong跻身于……行列beranked/rank

first/numberone排名第一ranksth.inorderofsth.把某物按某种顺序排列first/secondrank一级/二级risetotherankof晋升为……high/seniorrank高级别low/juniorrank低级别Chinaranksamongthesafestcountriesintheworld.Lastyear,hewasrankedsecondinhisagegroup.Lastyear,herankedsecondinhisagegroup.22.trendn.趋势，趋向；倾向；走向；潮流trendyadj.赶时髦的n.赶时髦的人(同义词:tendencyn.趋势；倾向)economic/social/politicaltrends经济/社会/政治趋势agrowingtrend增加的趋势adownward/anupwardtrend向下的/向上的趋势setthetrend开创潮流themaintrend主要趋势thecurrent/recenttrend(inlanguageteaching)当前/最近(语言教学)的趋势atrendtowards朝……的趋势/趋向......

atrendin在……方面的趋势Globalwarmingisatrendtowardwarmerconditionsaroundtheworld.Youngpeopleliketofollowtrends.年轻人喜欢追赶潮流。23.hurdlen.(hurdles)跨栏赛；栏架；障碍24.electionn.选举，推选；当选electv.选举，推选；选择

electiveadj.选举的；有选举权的；可选择的；选修的n.选修课程；选修科目have/holdanelection举行选举runforelection参加竞选voteinanelection参加投票选举electioncampaigns/results竞选运动/选举结果win/loseanelection在选举中获胜/失败electsb.(as)president/chairman选某人当总统/主席electsb.to…推选某人进入/担任……electtodosth.选择做某事Increasingnumbersofpeopleelecttoworkathomenowadays.25.faithn.信心；宗教信仰

faithfuladj.忠诚的，忠实的havefaithin对……有信心/信任……

losefaithin对……失去信心shakeone'sfaith动摇某人的信心destroy/restoreone'sfaithin破坏/恢复某人对……的信心breakfaithwithsb.对某人不守信用；不忠诚于某人keepfaithwithsb.对某人守信用；忠诚于某人peopleofdifferentfaiths信仰不同宗教的人Ihavegreatfaithinyou—Iknowyou’lldowell.我对你有信心，我知道你会干好的。We’velostfaithinthecompany’spromises.我们不再相信公司的承诺。26.ambitionn.追求的目标，夙愿；野心，雄心，壮志，理想

ambitiousadj.有抱负的，有野心的realize/achieve/fulfillone'sambition实现某人的理想/抱负haveanambitiontodosth./ofdoingsth.有做某事的愿望haveanambitionforsth.有......的野心;想做......one'sambitionistobe/todo…某人的抱负是/做……befullofambition雄心勃勃beambitiousforsth./todosth.渴望;对……有野心Theywereveryambitiousfortheirchildren.他们望子成龙心切。Sheisambitiousforfame/towinfame名声/名誉.她渴望成名。Shewasintelligentbutsufferedfromalackofambition.她很聪明，但却缺乏远大志向。27.ascendvi.&vt.上升，升高，登高ascendthestairs上楼梯28.identicaladj.完全同样的identicallyadv.完全相同地，相同地

identifyvt.识别;确认；发现

identityn.身份；特性beidenticalto/with与……完全相同beidenticalin在……方面完全相同identify…as...认出……为……one'sreal/trueidentity某人的真实身份anidentitycard(=anIDcard)身份证asenseofnational/cultural/socialidentity民族/文化/社会认同感Thenumberonthecardshouldbeidenticalwiththeoneonthechequebook.卡上的号码应该和支票簿上的相同。29.fellowadj.同伴的，同情况的，同类的

n.同辈，同类；男人，家伙fellowcountrymen同胞fellowworkers/students同事/同学ayoungfellow小伙子anoldfellow老兄；老朋友30.relayn.接力赛vt.转发（信息、消息等）；播放，转播the4x100mrelay4×100米接力赛thesprintrelay短跑接力赛atorchrelay火炬接力relaysth.tosb.把……转发给某人relayaprogramme转播节目inrelays轮班Herelaysthemessagetohisboss.Rescuersworkedinrelaystosavethetrappedpeople.31.amateurn.业余运动员，业余爱好者；生手，外行

adj.业余的agiftedamateur有天赋的业余爱好者anamateursinger/photographer业余歌手/摄影爱好者反义词：professionaln.专业人士，专业选手；职业运动员

adj.专业的；职业的Tomisanamateurphotographer.汤姆是一名业余摄影爱好者。Thegameisopentobothamateursandprofessionals.业余选手和职业选手均可参加这次比赛。32.graduallyadv.逐渐地,逐步地

gradualadj.逐渐的，逐步的agradualprocess一个循序渐进的过程agradualchangeinclimate气候的逐渐变化agradualincreaseinthebirthrate出生率的逐渐增长Womenhavegraduallybecomemoreinvolvedintheelection.妇女逐更多地参与选举。Artshaveagraduallyspreadingeffect.艺术有逐渐传播的效果。33.sessionn.一段时间，一场;会议，开庭；学年aphoto/recording/trainingsession拍照/录音/训练时段insession在开会；在开庭；在上课hold/attendasession举行/出席会议afortyweekssession为期四十周的学年remaininsession一直在开会期anemergencysessionof……紧急会议34.limitn.限度，限制；限量，限额；界限

vt.限制，限定；限量，减量

limitedadj.有限的limitlessadj.无限的

limitationn.限制beyond/overthelimit超过限度tothelimitof达到极限withoutlimit无限制地withinlimits在某种程度上；有一定限制setlimits/alimitto/on设定……的限制atime/speed/agelimit时间/速度/年龄限制overthespeedlimit超速Thereisa/nolimitto...……是有/无限度的（to是介词)limitoneselfto在……方面限制某人自己limit...to...=...belimitedtosth.将...限制在Mylifeislimited,butlearningislimitless.吾生也有涯，而知也无涯。35.marathonn.马拉松赛跑；马拉松式的活动（或工作）Theinterviewforthejobwasarealmarathon.

这次面试工作真是一场马拉松。36.chairmann.（委员会的）委员长，主席；（会议的）主席，主持人chairmann.主席—chairwomann.女主席，女主持人，女委员长salesmann.男售货员—saleswomann.女售货员businessmann.商人—businesswomann.女商人sportsmann.运动员—sportswomann.女运动员Heisoneofthiscountry’stopprofessionalsportsmen.他是这个国家的顶级职业运动员之一。37.constitutionn.体质，身体素质；宪法，章程physicalconstitution身体素质haveahealthy/strong/weakconstitution体质健康/强壮/虚弱accordingtotheconstitution依照宪法yourrighttovoteundertheconstitution根据宪法所拥有的选举权SuBingtianmusthaveanextremelystrongconstitution.苏炳添必有极为强健的体格。AccordingtotheAmericanConstitution,presidentialelectionsareheldeveryfouryears.根据美国宪法，总统选举每四年举行一次。38.pourvt.&vi.倒，斟；倾倒，倒出；涌流，倾泻；下大雨poursb.acupoftea=pouracupofteaforsb.为某人倒一杯茶pour…into...把……倒/投入……中poursth.away倒掉某物poursth.on对...泼pourinto/outof..涌入/涌出……pourdown(雨）倾盆而下pourwithrain大雨滂沱Icanstillseetheenthusiasticfamilypouringintoandoutofthehouse.我仍然可以看到热情的一家人在屋子里进进出出。Sweatpoursdownmycheeks.汗水顺着我的脸颊流下。Theraincontinuedtopourdown.大雨哗哗地下个不停。39.walkonair欢天喜地，得意扬扬近义：foatonair欢天喜地，得意扬扬

jumpforjoy高兴得跳起来

beoncloudnine极其快乐，乐不可支beintheair在传播中；流行；可感觉到beupintheair悬而未决beon/off(the)air(电视、广播）正在/停止播送castlesintheair空中楼阁，幻想castle[ˈkɑːsl]城堡Thechairman’sspeechwillbeontheairat7p.m.主席将于今晚7点发表广播讲话。Ourtravelplansarestillupintheair.我们的旅行计划尚未落实。40.keepsthinperspective正确客观地看待perspectiven.态度；观点；透视法fromone'sperspective=fromtheperspectiveofsb.从某人的角度看aglobalperspective全面的看法putsth.in/intoperspective正确客观地看待thelawsofperspective透视法则Thoughitdifferedfromwhatyouhadthought,ithelpedkeepyourprobleminperspective.虽然这与你的想法不同，但它有助于你正确客观地看待问题。Remembertokeepthingsinperspective.记住要正确地看待事物。41.celebrityn.名人；名流；名望；名誉celebratev.庆祝celebrationn.庆祝活动celebratedadj.著名的，驰名的incelebrationof为了庆祝Heachievedcelebrityasasportscommentator.他作为一名体育评论员而享誉四方。MichaelJordanwasmorethanabasketballsuperstar,hewasacelebrity.迈克尔·乔丹不仅仅是一个篮球超级巨星，还是一位名人。Shebecameacelebrityovernight.她一下子成了名人。区别:celebrate庆祝，宾语为事。celebratesth.congratulate祝贺，宾语为人。congratulatesb.on/upon(doing)sth.42.opponentn.对手，竞争者；反对者opposevt.反对oppositionn.反对；对手，反对党opposedadj.反对的opposingadj.相竞争的；对抗的；相反的oppositeadj.对面的；相反的beat/defeattheopponent击败对手knockdowntheopponent击倒对手amain/chiefopponent主要/首要对手apoliticalopponent政敌anoutspokenopponent直言不讳的反对者oppose(doing)sth.=beopposedto(doing)sth.反对(做)某事opposingplayer=aplayerfromtheopposingside对方选手theopposingteam对方球队twoopposingcamps两个对立的阵营takeanopposingview持对立观点Iwouldopposechanging/beopposedtochangingthelaw.43.humilityn.谦卑;谦逊;谦虚humiliatevt.使...丢脸；羞辱；使丧失尊严(humiliated)humble

adj.谦卑的；(级别或地位)低下的；虚心的；表谦逊，但不

够诚挚或认真vt.谦逊；虚心；低声下气；使感到卑微；贬低；轻松打败(尤指强大的对手)ahumiliatingdefeat一场令人丢脸的失败Accept

change

withhumility.谦卑地接受改变。Heshouldlearnalittlehumility.

他应该学会一点谦卑。Theytriedtohumiliatemeinfrontofallthosepeople.他们试图在所有的人面前羞辱我。44.gracen.高雅，文雅；优美；风度，体面

gracefuladj.优雅的；有风度的

disgracen.丢脸，耻辱withgrace优雅地with(a)goodgrace心甘情愿地；乐意地；高高兴兴地with(a)badgrace勉强地；不情愿地；无礼地beinone'sgoodgraces为某人所赞同（或喜爱）；得到某人的欢心Ayoungmanwithgraceappearedontheplatform.

舞台上出现了一位风度翩翩的年轻人。Hehandedoverthemoneywithtypicalbadgrace.

他照常不情愿地把钱交出来。Hisfatheralwaystaughthimtobegracefulindefeat.

他父亲总是教导他输了也要有风度。45.dignityn.尊严；自尊；高贵dignifyv.使有尊严alackofdignity缺少尊严retain/preserveone'sdignity保持尊严withdignity有尊严地standonone'sdignity要求受到应有的礼遇；保持尊严loseone‘sdignity丧失尊严beneathone'sdignity有失尊严；有失体面Winwithhumility,losewithgrace,anddobothwithdignity.Ithinkeveryoneshouldbeabletodiewithdignity.It'sdifficulttopreservedignitywhenacitizenishomeless.46.unselfishadj.无私的，忘我的

unselfishlyadv.无私地

unselfishnessn.无私，慷慨近义词：selflessadj.无私的反义词：

selfishadj.自私的，自利的的selfishlyadv.自私地selfishnessn.自私自利unselfishmotives无私的动机常用的描述人的褒义形容词：considerate考虑周到的generous慷慨的

diligent勤奋的distinguished卓越的enthusiastic热情的warm-hearted热心的Withoutyourunselfishcommitment无私的奉献couldweachievenosuccesstoday.Thelovecomingfromourparentsisunselfishandgreat.47.idiomn.习语，成语

idiomatic

adj.表达方式地道的；符合语言习惯的anancientChineseidiom古汉语成语afamiliaridiom熟悉的习语asportsidiom体育习语拓展：saying谚语Asthesayinggoes...常言道……ShespeaksfluentandidiomaticEnglish.她讲一口流利地道的英语。48.findone’swayinto偶然来到，无意中处于findone’swayto找到去……的路findone’swayhome找到回家的路makeone’swayto向……前进/前往……；想法设法进入feelone’sway摸索着前进；谨慎行事givewayto给……让路；被……取代；向……妥协be/getintheway

挡道getinone’swayof挡......的路；妨碍……windone’swayto

蜿蜒行进workone’swaythrough自始至终做...Heeventuallyfoundhiswayintoacting.他最后竟干起了演艺这一行。49.leaguen.联赛；等级，级别aLeaguemember共青团员rugbyleague橄榄球联赛theleaguechampion联赛冠军inaleagueofone'sown独领风骚inadifferentleaguefromsb.与某人不属同一个级别notinone‘sleague水平远比不上某人outofone'sleague超出某人的水平TheNewEnglandteamistheworstintheleague.该新英格兰队是联盟中最差劲的球队。WhenIarrived,theteamwasbottomoftheleague.当我到达时，这个队伍在联赛中垫底。50.insurancen.保险业；保险；保险费insurev.

投保；给…保险

ensurevt.保证，确保；使安全life/car/travel/household/medical/healthinsurance人寿/汽车/旅行/家庭/财产/医疗/健康保险theinsuranceindustry保险业aninsurancecompany保险公司haveinsuranceonone'shouse为某人的房子上保险takeoutinsurance投保Hepaidtheinsuranceonhiscaratadiscountof20%.51.complainv.抱怨，投诉

complaintn.抱怨，投诉complainingadj.抱怨的，诉苦的complain(tosb.)about/ofsth.（向某人）抱怨某事=

makeacomplaint/complaints

aboutsth.(tosb.)complain(tosb.)that...（向某人）抱怨/投诉……makeacomplaint提出投诉haveacomplaintagainst...对……有怨言complaintabout/againstsb./sth.抱怨...；投诉...ThecouplecomplainedaboutthehighcostofvisitingEurope.I’mgoingtocomplaintothemanageraboutthisissue.Iamnowwritingtomakeacomplaintagainst/abouttheserviceofyourhotel.complain后不直接跟sb.作宾语，应先加介词to。类似的词还有explain，mention，announce等。52.unintentionallyadv.无意地，非故意地

intentionaladj.有意的，故意的

intentionn.计划，意图

intendv.打算；计划；想要；意指offendsb.quiteunintentionally完全出于无心触犯某人wrongsb.unintentionally无心误会某人intendtodosth.打算做某事beintendedtodosth.目的是做某事beintendedfor打算为……所用hadintendedtodosth.本打算做某事(没做成)havethe/nointentionofdoingsth.有/无意做某事byintention=intentionally=withintention=onpurpose=bydesign故意地withoutintention=unintentionally无意地misunderstandone'sintentions误会某人的意图Thebookisintendedforbeginners.这本书是为初学者设计的。Ihadintendedtofinishedthebooklastweekend,butIhadanunexpectedguest.53.counciln.政务委员会，地方议会；市政服务机构；委员会

councilorn.议政员54.backfirevi.产生事与愿违的不良（或危险）后果backfireonsb.使某人事与愿违theplanbackfires计划产生了适得其反的结果firev.射击，开火；解雇；急速地连续说firethegunat向……开枪befiredbytheboss被老板解雇firequestionsatsb.对某人发出连珠炮似的问题55.ballparkn.棒球场；变动范围intheballpark差不多aballparkestimate大致相近的估计56.venuen.

活动场地e.g.Thebandwillbeplayingat20differentvenuesontheirUKtour.这个乐队在英国巡回演出期间将在20个不同的地点演出。57.curveballn.曲线球throwsb.acurveball给某人出难题58.handlevt.处理，应付；控制，操纵