Unit 8 A green world Grammar单元语法精讲课件-2023-2024学年八年级英语下册单元速记•巧练（牛津译林版）

AgreenworldUnitEightrammarLearningaimsTolearntoformthepassivevoiceinthesimplefuturetenseTolearntousethepassivevoiceinthesimplefuturetenseHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?RevisionTask1They

make

shoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词变为被动语态易水寒江雪敬奉1.Themainroad

(clean).2.Manyposters

(paint).3.Abigappletree

(plant).4.Alotoffamoussingers

(invite).

5.Somegoodadvice

(give).6.Allthethings

(check).

areinvitedarepaintedisplantediscleanedisgivenarechecked填一填

They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词变为被动语态易水寒江雪敬奉Ahotel

(build).Colorfullights

(use).Alloftheflowers

(water).Thenewsletterarticle

(write).Thesnacksforguests

(buy).Thedancingshow

(hold).Thepublicsigns

(make).Theanimals

(feed).wasbuiltwereusedwerewateredwaswrittenwereboughtwasheldweremadewerefed填一填HowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?SummaryTask2Summary主动语态：S（主语）+V（谓语）+O（宾语）被动语态：S（主语）+V(被动结构)+byO（宾语）转换步骤1原句的宾语变主语，宾变主.2和原句的时态保持一致，看时态。3找出对应的谓语动词，变分词。变被动语态的口诀宾变主，主变宾，by短语后面跟。

谓语动词变被动，be后“过分”来使用。

“be”要随着主语变，人称时态要弄准。

They

willfinish

theworkintendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词Alotofactivities(organize)inEnvironmentWeek.Posters

(design)bySandy.Leaflets

(send)toallthepeopleinthetown.Someoftheactivities

(hold)inthetownsquare.will/aregoingtobeorganizedwill/aregoingtobedesignedwill/aregoingtobesentwill/aregoingtobeheld时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时do/doesis/am/are+donedidwill/begoingtodowas/were+donewillbedonebegoingtobedone对比三种时态的被动结构：将下列句子变为被动语态，每空一词。1.Weatesomebananaslastnight.Somebananas________________byuslastnight.2.Whenwillyouhandinyourhomework?When________yourhomework________________________?3.Helooksafterhisfatherverywell.Hisfather______________________verywellbyhim.4.Isawhimcrosstheroadjustnow.He________________________________theroadbymejustnow.wereeatenwillbehandedinislookedafterwasseentocrossHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?PracticeTask3ThestudentsaretalkingaboutEnvironmentWeek.Helpthemmakesentencesusingpassivevoiceactivities/inEnvironmentWeek/alotof/organize/aregoingtoAlotofactivitiesaregoingtobeorganizedinEnvironmentWeek.Adesign/posters/will/bySandyPosterswillbedesignedbySandy.toallthepeople/send/leaflets/inthetown/willLeafletswillbesenttoallthepeopleinthetown.aregoingto/hold/someoftheactivities/inthetownsquareSomeoftheactivitiesaregoingtobeheldinthetownsquare.Lisa:Hi,Harry.There’sgoingtobeanenvironmentshowhere.Harry:Really?Whenistheshowgoingtobeheld?Lisa:(1)_______________________________________(thisFridayevening)Harry:Willtheshowbeheldatyourschool?Lisa:No,(2)_________________________.(atthetownhall)Harry:Whowillbeinvitedtotheshow?BTheshowisgoingtobeheldthisFridayevening.TheshowisgoingtobeheldthisFridayevening.Lisa:______________________________________________________(somefamouspeopleinourtown)Harry:Whatwillbedisplayedattheshow?Lisa:(4)_______________________________________________________________________(videosaboutthepastandpresentofSunshineTown)Somefamouspeopleinourtownwillbeinvitedtotheshow.VideosaboutthepastandpresentofSunshineTownwillbedisplayattheshow.Harry:Whatwillbediscussedattheshow?Lisa:(5)_________________________________________________________________(waysabouthowtoprotecttheenvironment)Waysabouthowtoprotecttheenvironmentwillbediscussedattheshow.PollutionPollutionisoneofthebiggestproblemintheworldtoday.Inmanyplaces,rubbish(1)___________(throw)intolakesandrivers,somanyofthem(2)____________(pollute).Insomecities,theair(3)________(fill)withpollution.Thismakespeopleill,andmorepeople(4)_____________(hurt)inthefutureifitisnotcleanedup.isthrownarepollutedCisfilledwillbehurtAswellaspeople,animals(5)___________(harm)bypollution.Landandwaterpollutionkillsmanyanimalseveryyear.Ifwedonotacttoimprovetheenvironment,

morelivingthings(6)_________(kill)bypollution.However,thereissomegoodnews.Ashow(7)______(hold)atthetownhallthisFridayevening.Allofuswillhaveachancetothinkabouttheworldaroundus.Onthatday,we(8)_____(show)howtoprotecttheenvironment.Ifweworktogether,wecanmaketheworldabetterplace.areharmedwillbekilledwillbeheldwillbeshownHowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?

拓

展Task4Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina

．Gina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.5.Jimcoulddoityesterday.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.ItcouldbedonebyJimyesterday.改一改Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow．Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：

S+am/is/are+being+过去分词I

wasdoing

myhomeworkat8:00lastnight．Myhomework

wasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.过去进行时：

S+was/were+being+过去分词We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.现在完成时：

S+have/has+been+过去分词时态被动语态结构一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时am/is/are

killedwas/were

killedam/is/arebeing

killedwas/werebeing

killedwillbe

killedwouldbe

killedhave/hasbeenkilledhadbeen

killed1一般现在时Hefeedspigseveryday.Pigsarefedbyhimeveryday.2一般过去时Hefedtwopigsyesterday.Twopigswerefedbyhimyesterday.3现在进行时Heisfeedingapignow.Apigisbeingfedbyhimnow.4过去进行时Hewasfeedingapigat3yesterdayafternoon.Apigwasbeingfedbyhimat3yesterdayafternoon.5一般将来时Hewillfeed9pigsnextweek.9pigswillbefedbyhimnextweek.6过去将来时Hetoldmethathewouldfeed8pigsthenextweek.Iwastoldthat8pigswouldbefedthenextweek.7现在完成时Hehasfed200pigsuptillnow.200pigshavebeenfedbyhimuptillnow.8过去完成时Hehadfed2pigsbeforelunch.Twopigshadbeenfedbyhimbeforelunch.HowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?

探

究Task5WecalltheboyTom.Theboy

iscalled

Tom.Activevoice主动语态Passivevoice被动语态

当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补),并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to”Theymakeusdoallthework.被动句：Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem.Weoftenhearhersingsongs.被动句：Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus.Isawhimwalktoschool.被动句：Hewasseen

towalktoschoolbyme.复合宾语的被动语态

当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指物)，其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for”。常见加to的动词有give，send,teach，write,show,pass,ask,tell…常见加for的动词有make,draw,buy…1.Hegivesmeaflowereveryday.

Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday.Aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday.2.Mymotherboughtmeacomputer.Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother.

Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother.双宾语的被动语态主动+谓语+双宾语的句式转换主动语态主语He谓语(主动式)passed间宾me直宾abook.被动语态原直宾Abook谓语(被动式)waspassedtomeby原主语(改为宾格)him.原间宾(改为主格)I谓语(被动式)waspassed原直宾abookby原主语(改为宾格)him.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。e.g.Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.被动句：Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass.e.g.Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool.被动句：Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool.主动+不及物动词+介词的变被动句式转换1.动词(表示主语的属性特征)

+副词(well/badly/easily/smoothly),用主动式表被动义。read,write,sell,wash,clean,wear,lock,open,cook,shut,dry,eat,drink,…Thebooks____well．

A.weresoldB.sellC.havesoldD.arebeingsoldThiskindofcloth____easily．

A.haswashedB.waswashedC.washesD.iswashedBC主动式表被动义2.连系动词其主动语态形式含有被动意义。如:系动词smell,taste,sound,feel等。

Thedishsmellsgood.

这道菜闻起来很香。

Themusicsounds

nice.

这段音乐听起来不错。3.表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。(begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut,move,run,...)Theshopopensat6am.everyday．

HowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?PracticeTask61.Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.2.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.3.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.4.Theyusedthisroomforresting.5.Theyplantedmanytreesyearsago.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.Manytreeswereplantedbythemyearsago.6.TheyplayfootballonSunday.7.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.8.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.9.WemakethesemachinesinBeilun.10.PeoplespeakEnglishasthefirstlanguageinUK.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeilun.EnglishisspokenasthefirstlanguageinUK.HowisPeterlike?Ishegoodatsports?Hisfutureplanistobecomeadoctor,right?中考链接Task61.Mike______________(notinvite)tothepartybyMillietomorrow.2.Thegovernmenthasmadethelawtopreventthewater_____________(pollute).3.Drivingafterdrinkingwine___________(notallow)inChina.4.The2024OlympicGames_________(hold)inParisonJuly26,2024.5.Thevillageisbuildingaschool.Ihopeit____________(finish)beforeAugustthisyear.6.---Howoldthesephotosare!---They___________(take)intheUSAmanyyearsago.willnotbeinvitedbeingpollutedisnotallowedwillbeheldwillbefinishedweretaken7.Ifnopaperisusedinbusiness,atleastonemilliontonsof

paper____________(save).8.Thewaste_____________(separate)intodifferentgroupsbeforebeingthrownintothebin.9.Hurryupifyouneedtogotothetoilet.Theplane__________(take)offinaminute10.--.-Whenshallwegotowatchthebasketballmatchinthesportscentre?---Notuntilthework___________(finish)tomorrow.willbesavedisseparatedwillbetakenisfinished1.---Iwanttoborrowthebook,butIdon'tknowhowlong

itmay