2024年人教版高一英语同步讲义（必修第三册）Unit 2 Morals and Virtues：Period 1 Reading and Thinking（学案） （解析版）

Book3Unit2MoralsandVirtuesPeriod1ReadingandThinking001预习导学Ⅰ.单词认读关(先填后记诵)基础词汇记其形___________adj.道德的；道义上的n.品行；道德；寓意_________n.高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质_________n.进退两难的境地；困境_________vi.昏倒；晕厥adj.不清楚的；微弱的________vt.（举例）说明；阐明；给（书或文章）加插图_________adj.珍稀的；宝贵的_________vt.委托；交付_________n.结婚；婚姻_________n.大部分；大多数_________vi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚_________n.(小组）教学；讲课;_________

n.专业服务费；报酬n.租借；租用_________vt.回答;回复vi.做出反应;回应_________n.反应;回答;回复________n.奖学金________vt.聘任;雇用;租用________n.同事；同债________v.拒绝接受；不录用________vt.任命；委派________vt.选举；推选________

n.十年；十年期________

vt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于________

vt.发表（作品）；出版________

n.员工；全体职员________

vi.&vt.退休；退职；退出________

n.节省物；节省；节约；[pl.]储蓄金；存款________

n.道德原则；法则；原则________

adj.被动的；顺从的________vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓________

adj.（增长、下跌等）急剧的；锋利的；明显的________n.保险；保险业________adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的________vt.接替；取代；更换二、核心词汇记中变1. ____________________adj.道德的;道义上的.____________________adv道义上;道德上_____________________adj.不道德的:邪恶的2.__________________adj.珍稀的:宝贵的.___________________adv.过分讲究地;昂贵地3.___________________v.(和某人)结婚:嫁:娶____________________adj.已婚的_____________________n.结婚:婚姻4.____________________adj.主要的:重要的;大的____________________.n.大部分;大多数5.______________________v.抱怨:埋怨:发牢骚________________n.不满的原因;抱怨;埋怨6.____________________v..回答.回应______________n.回答，答复7. _________________v.拒绝接受:不予考虑:拒收__________________n.拒绝;否决:抛弃8.___________________v.任命:委任:安排______n约会:约定;任命____________adj.被任命的9.__________________v.选举:推选_____________________n.选举.推选10.__________________adj.神经紧张的:担心的________________n.紧张11.______________v.出版:发行______________n.出版人:发行人___________________n出版:发行:发布12. _______________v.(使)退休________________adj.已退休的_____________n.退休13._________________v.使惊吓:使害怕__________________adj.吓人的___________________adj.害怕的14.__________________adj.锋利的:锐利的____________________v.(使)变得锋利15.________________adj,确信:肯定_______________v.投保:给.....保险_______________n.保险,保险业17. __________________n.进口__________________v.出口三、阅读词汇识其义unionn.________physiciann.________colleaguen.________rejectionn.________clinicn.________farawayadj.________elsewhere

adv.________kindergarten

n.________insurancen.________Ⅱ.语块记诵关(先填后记诵)1.__________________做出选择2.________________面临道德困境

3._________________因..陷入困境;惹上麻烦4.__________________参加...入学考试

5.___________________渴望/急于做某事6.___________________一直，始终，总是

7.___________________强烈不同意8.____________________夸大其语调

9.____________________听到某人正在做某事10.___________________对..困惑11.____________________因..而著名12.______________________面临;面对

13._____________________在某种情况下14.______________________跌倒;失败;倒塌_______________________委托某人某事16.____________________帮助某人渡过难关

17.______________________大多数...18.______________________受..的影响

19.______________________走...的路20._______________________学费

21.____________________宁愿做某事22.______________________毕业于

23._____________________被聘为24._______________________住院医生

25._____________________需要26.________________________有时;偶尔

27._____________________遥远的村庄28._________________________提供医疗服务

29._____________________中华人民共和国30.______________________发挥重要作用

31.___________________第一届全国人民代表大会32.___________________在接下来的几十年里

33.______________________担任重要职务34.__________________易于做某事，往往会发生某事__________________对..有/表现出兴趣36.__________________对..负责

37.__________________把某人当...对待38._____________________被誉为，...著称

39._____________________在她一生中40.______________________弥留之际

Ⅲ.佳句赏析关(先赏后译)SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.Attimesshewasevenseenridingadonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcare.002语篇理解Step1Pre­readingLookatthetitleandthepictures,predictwhatthepassageisabout.MOTHEROFTENTHOUSANDBABIESFromthetitleandthepictures,wecanknowthatthepassagemightbeabout___________________________.Step2While­readingTask1:Fastreading1.Whattypeofwritingisthispassage?A.Argumentativewriting（议论文）B.Narrativewriting（记叙文）C.Expositorywriting（说明文）D.biography（传记）2.Howisthepassagedeveloped?A.ByfollowingtimeorderB.BycomparingfactsC.Bylistingnumbers3.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?A.ThelifeexperienceofDrLinB.ThehardchoicesmadebyDrLinC.BothAandB4.Matchthemainideaofeachparagraph.Para.1A.SummaryofLinQiaozhi'slifeandachievement.Para.2B.TheroleLinplayedinnewChinaPara.3C.Linopenedaprivateclinictohelpthepeople.Para.4D.LinQiaozhi'slearningexperience.Para.5E.LeadinthepassageusingLinQiaozhi'swords.Para.6F.Linchosetostudymedicine.Task2:IntensivereadingPleasereadthepassageagainanddrawatimelineaboutLinQiaozhi’slife.TimeImportanteventsIn1901In1906Atage18Atage26WithinsixmonthsAfterafewyearsIn1939In1941AfewmonthslaterFrom1954to1983On22April1983DuringherlifetimeTimeImportanteventsIn1901In1906Atage18Atage26WithinsixmonthsAfterafewyearsIn1939In1941AfewmonthslaterFrom1954to1983On22April1983DuringherlifetimeLearningaboutLin’shardchoicesChoosetherightanswersfromAtoLtofillintheform.ChoicesDifficultiesResultsA.HoldingimportantpositionsB.TostudymedicineC.TofocusmoreonworkD.MarryingE.ToopenaclinicF.WorkingintheUSG.FacingthedangeroflosinglifeorgettinghurtH.LivingahardlifeinChinaI.BeingobjectedbyherbrotherContinuedtoprovidemedicalcareforthepeopleinneedofhelpServedthewomenandchildrenathomeKnownas“themotheroftenthousandbabies”3.WhatgoodqualitiesdidDrLinhave?Findevidenceinthetext.____________________________________________________________________________________________Step3Post­readingDiscussthequestionsingroups.WhatcanwelearnfromLinQiaozhi?____________________________________________________________________________________________2.Discussthequestionandwritearecommendation.IfLinQiaozhilivedinourtime,inyourheart,couldshegetthe“TouchingChina”award?Ifyes,canyouwritesomethingtorecommendLinQiaozhi?Ifnot,pleasegiveyourreasons.____________________________________________________________________________________________Step5.HomeworkReviewwhatyouhavelearnedtodayandretellthelifeofDr.Lin.003语言学习Part1核心词汇1.moraladj.&n.(1)adj.道德的；道义上的It’smoraltodosth做……是合乎道德的amoralperson有道德的人moralstandards道德标准◆Confuciusfelthappywiththis,becauseitismoraltotakepossessionofthingslikethis.孔子为此感到很高兴，因为这种获取是合乎道德的。(2)n.品行；道德；寓意themoralof……的道德教训，寓意◆Themoralofthisstoryisthatonemustseethebeautyinwhatonehas.故事的寓意是一个人必须看到已有之物的美处。【拓展延伸】morallyadv.道德上immoraladj.不道德的【学以致用】①Themoral________thestoryisthat“solidarityisstrength”.②Itisnotmoral__________(do)so.③Hefelt(moral)responsiblefortheaccident.2.dilemman.进退两难的境地；困境beinadilemma处于进退两难的境地faceadilemma面临进退两难的困境getoutofadilemma摆脱两难的处境moraldilemma道德困境◆IamgratefulthatyouhelpmegetoutofthedilemmaIwasin.非常感激你帮我摆脱了困境。【学以致用】①Manymoms（面临两难的处境）aboutwhethertheyshouldgobacktoworkornot.②Thedoctor（感到进退两难）whetherheshouldtelltheparentsthetruth.3.illustratevt.（举例）说明;阐明;给（书或文章）加插图.illustratesthwithsth用...来讲解illustratewhatImean解释我的意思【词汇拓展】（1）illustrationn.图解（2）illustratorn.插图画家（3）illustrativeadj.解释性的【学以致用】=1\*GB3①WhatdoestheauthorwanttoillustratetheexampleinParagraph2?4.carrysb.throughsth.帮助某人渡过难关carrysth.through成功完成，顺利实现carryout实施；履行；执行carryon继续移动carryonsth.从事某事carryondoingsth.继续做某事carryonwithsth.（carrysth.on）继续做某事carryaway运走carryoff赢得；获得；成功对付carrysb.back(tosth.)使某人回想起了(某事)carryweight有影响力；重要；有分量 carryforward 继承,弘扬◆Hecarriedallhishomeworkthroughintenminutes.他在十分钟内完成了所有家庭作业。◆WhynotstudyatmedicalcollegelikeLinQiaozhiandcarryonhergoodwork?为什么不像林巧稚一样在医学院学习并继续她的美好事业呢？◆Janecarriedoffalltheprizes,whichmadeherparentsproud.简赢得了全部奖品，这使她的父母非常自豪。【学以致用】①Hisdeterminationcarriedhimthehardtime.=2\*GB3②I’dbegratefulifyouletmecarryonmyjob.=3\*GB3③Ifyoucarryon（spend）moneylikethat，youwillendupindebt.=4\*GB3④Inspiteofthedifficulty,Iwillcarrymyplan.=5\*GB3⑤Theactivityisaimedatcarrying________theChinesetraditionalculture.5.majorityn.大部分；大多数themajorityof...大多数……(be)ina/themajority占大多数◆WhenIhaveadifferentopinion,Ialwaysrespecttheopinionofthemajority.当我有不同观点时,我总是尊重多数人的观点。◆Themajorityofthestudentsholdtheviewthatit’sconvenienttogotoschoolbyelectricbike.大多数学生持有以下观点:骑电动车上学很方便。◆Onlyaminorityofpeopleinthatcitydonothaveacarwhilethepeopletakingsubwaytoworkareinthemajority.在那个城市只有少数人没有汽车，但是乘坐地铁上班的人却占了大多数。【难点解析】themajority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单数或复数均可。“themajorityof+复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数。“themajorityof+不可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。【词汇拓展】majoradj.主要的，重要的，大的n.主修课程，专业；主修某科目的学生vi.主修majorin主修anEnglishmajor英语专业的学生playamajorrole/partinsth.在某事中起重要作用minoradj.次要的minorityn.少数【学以致用】①The（major）ofthecitizensinthatregionhavebeenaffectedbythedust.=2\*GB3②Itisreportedthatwomen.inonlineshopping.据报道女性在网购中占多数。=3\*GB3③Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthecommitteemembers（be）againstit.=4\*GB3④TomandIhavesomethingincommon：webothmajor.engineering.6.complainvi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚complainabout...抱怨……complain（tosb.）that...（向某人）抱怨……complaintosb.aboutsth.向某人抱怨某事◆Septemberisaroundthecorner,andsomeofusarealreadycomplainingaboutsummer’send.九月即将来临,我们中的一些人已经在抱怨夏季的结束了。【拓展延伸】complaintn.抱怨makeacomplainttosb.aboutsth.向某人抱怨某事afloodofcomplaints大量的投诉◆Ihavetomakeacomplaintaboutthepoorqualityoffoodandserviceinyourrestaurant.我要投诉你们餐馆里极差的食物和服务。【难点解析】☺complain的后面不能直接跟sb.作宾语，须先加介词to。类似的词还有explain，announce等。【学以致用】=1\*GB3①Mothersoftencomplaintheirchildren.wrestlingonthebed.=2\*GB3②Whydon’tyoumakea(complain）againstyournoisyneighbors?=3\*GB3③Weshouldthinkhowtodealwiththeproblemsinsteadof.（抱怨别人的错误）.7.respond（1）vt.回答；回复（2）vi.做出反应；回应respondto...（withsth.）回答，回复；对……作出反应respondthat...回答说……◆Sherespondedtomyletterwithaphonecall.＝Shemadearesponsetomyletterwithaphonecall.她收到我的信，给我回了个电话。◆Theproductwasdevelopedinresponsetocustomers’demand.这种产品是为了满足顾客的需要而开发的。【拓展延伸】responsen.反应；回答；回复inresponseto作为对……的答复/反应makearesponse（to）（对……）做出回应/反应【难点解析】☺respond是不及物动词，跟宾语时要加介词to。【学以致用】①Afterall,knowingbasicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklyemergencies.=2\*GB3②Hemadeno（respond）tomyquestion，andwentonwithhismovie.=3\*GB3③Noteveryoneactsthesameevents.8.rejectvt.拒绝接受；不录用；冷落rejectone’sidea/suggestion拒绝接受某人的想法/建议◆HerejectedtheideaofsettlinginEngland.他抛弃了在英国定居的想法。◆Hetriedtojointhearmybutwasrejectedbecauseofpoorhealth.他想参军，但因身体欠佳未被接受。◆Ifpeopleareunkindtohim，hewillfeelrejectd.如果人们对他不友好，他会感到被抛弃了。【拓展延伸】rejectionn.拒绝接受；否决【词汇辨析】（1）rejectvt.正式用词，“摒弃，不采用，不使用”。（2）refusevi.&vt.普通用词，“拒绝”。refusesb.sth.拒绝某人某事refusetodosth.拒绝做某事【学以致用】①He（reject）bythearmybecauseofhispooreyesightlastyear.=2\*GB3②Althoughwritinga（reject）lettercanbedifficult,therearesituationswhereit’sabsolutelynecessary.辨析填空（reject/refuse）=3\*GB3③I’vebeenbyallthecompaniesIappliedto.=4\*GB3④Iabsolutelytotakepartinanythingthat’sillegal.9.appointvt.任命；委派appointsb.tobe...任命某人担任……appointsb.as...任命某人担任……appointatime约定……的时间）◆Ihavedecidedtoappointyouas/tobevicemanagerofthecompany.我已经决定任命你为公司副经理。◆Thedirectorappointedhimtolookintothosecomplaints.主任委派他去调查那些投诉。【拓展延伸】appointedadj.约定的，指定的attheappointedtime在约定的时间（2）appointmentn.任命；约定makeanappointmentwithsb.与某人约会break/keepanappointment爽约/守约byappointment按照约定anappointmentletter任命书【学以致用】①Tohisjoy,he（appoint）asmanager.Afterall,thisrepresentedhisability.Andthemomenthereceivedthe_____________（appoint）letter,hecalledandmadean.（appoint）withhisformerteacher，forwhosehelphewasgrateful.=2\*GB3②Theagriculturalexpertcanonlybevisitedappointment.=3\*GB3③在任何情况下我们都不能失约。Innocaseshouldwefailto.10.electvt.（1）选举；推选（2）选择，决定做某事electsb.（as）...选举某人为……electtodosth.决定做某事thenewlyelectedpresident新当选的总统◆Congratulations!Iheardyouhavebeenelectedaschairman.【拓展延伸】electionn.选举；推选；当选winanelection在选举中获胜aroundofelection一轮选举holdanelection举行选举electionresults选举结果◆Facedwiththeirfailureinthefirstroundoftheelectionthepartydidn’tloseheart.【学以致用】①Anincreasingnumberofpeopleelect（work）athome.②Theyear1789sawthefirst（elect）inAmericanhistorywhereamajorityofpeople（elect）GeorgeWashington.thefirstpresident.11.tendvt.照顾；照料vi.倾向；趋于tend（to）sb./sth.照料/护理某人/照管某事物tendtodosth.易于做某事，往往会发生某事tendto/towards倾向于，趋于◆Somepeopletendtolookdownupondisabledpeople.(2019·天津高考)有些人往往瞧不起残疾人。◆ThesortofmusicIlistentovaries,butItendto/towardsourfolkmusic.我所听的音乐形形色色，但是我更倾向于我们的民族音乐。◆Heisabsentfromthemeeting,forheistending(to)hissickfather.他缺席会议了，因为他在照顾生病的父亲。【拓展延伸】tendencyn.趋势；倾向haveatendencytodosth.做某事的倾向Thereisatendencytowards/to(do)sth.有一种...的趋势/倾向◆AsaSenior3student,itisnormalthatyouhaveatendencytogetanxiouswithtimegoingby.作为一名高三学生,随着时间的推移你往往会感到焦虑,这是正常的。【学以致用】①Typically,peopletend（make）mistakeswhentired.=2\*GB3②Thenursesweretendingthoseinjuredbyfirecrackers.=3\*GB3③Ihaveatendency（talk）toomuchwhennervous.=4\*GB3④People（往往需要）lesssleepastheygetolder.retirevi.&vt.退休；退职；退出retire...from从……退休retire...as从……职位上退休retirefromoffice退职retirefromservice退役◆Hehasagreedtostruggleon,thoughhehopestoretirefromhisposition.【拓展延伸】（1）retiredadj.退职的，退休的aretiredteacher一位退休教师（2）retirementn.退职，退休takeearlyretirement提前退休◆Heishopingtoretireearlyonhealthygrounds.他希望以健康理由提前退休。【学以致用】①Heretiredfromtheofficeachairman.=2\*GB3②Theywillholdapartyincelebrationofher（retire）.=3\*GB3③Theotherdaya（retire）couplecametomyoffice.=4\*GB3④Myfather（从……退休）teaching3yearsago.13.principlen.道德原则；法则；原则sticktoone’sprinciples坚持原则beagainstone’sprinciples违背某人的原则asamatterofprinciple作为原则问题inprinciple原则上；大体上withoutprinciple没有原则◆Anyway,Ican’tcheatintheexams—it’sagainstmyprinciples.【学以致用】①（原则上）,thenewsoftwareshouldmaketheaccountingsystemalotsimpler.=2\*GB3②Thoughpoor,hestill.（坚持他的原则）.14.scaredadj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的bescaredofdoingsth.害怕做某事bescaredofsth.害怕某物bescaredtodosth.害怕做某事bescaredthat...害怕……bescaredtodeath 吓得要死◆Sheisscaredofwalkingaloneatnight.她害怕晚上一个人走路。◆Theymanagedtoscarethebearsaway.他们设法把熊吓跑了。◆Shewasscaredtogointotheyardbecauseshewasscaredofbeingbittenbythebigdoglyingatthegate.【拓展延伸】（1）scaren.惊吓vt.惊吓；使害怕vi.受惊吓Itscaressb.todosth.做某事使某人感到害怕。scare...away/off吓走/吓跑……scaresb.intodoingsth.威胁/恐吓某人做某事scaresb.todeath把某人吓得要死（2）scaryadj.恐怖的，吓人的ascarymovie恐怖电影【学以致用】①There’snothinginschoolthatcanmakeyou____________(scare).Cheeryourselfup.在学校里没有什么能让你害怕。鼓起勇气吧。②Theatmospherewasandwefeltstayingintheroom.（scare）③Heisscared(tell)hisparentstheresult.15.sharp（1）adj.（增长、下跌等）急剧的；锋利的；明显的；鲜明的；敏锐的；（语言）尖刻的；剧烈的；急转的（2）adv.（用于时间后表示准时）整sharp-eyed目光敏锐的asharptongue说话刻薄asharpsenseofhumour很强的幽默感asharpincrease急剧增加besharpwith对……说话刻薄/严厉asharpbend/turn急转弯◆Thebosscanbeverysharpwithpeoplewhenhe’sbusy.老板忙起来会对人很严厉。◆Therehasbeenasharpincreaseinthepriceofstainlesssteelrecently.近来，不锈钢价格急剧上涨。【拓展延伸】（1）sharplyadv.急剧地，大幅度地；严厉地，毫不客气地fallsharply急剧下降（2）sharpenvt.（使）变得锋利【学以致用】写出下列句中sharp的含义=1\*GB3①Unfortunately,Icutmyfootonasharpstoneandcaughtmyhaironabranch...=2\*GB3②Asweallknow,aneaglehassharpeyesight...=3\*GB3③Suddenly,hefeltasharppaininthestomach...=4\*GB3④Hefaintedwhenridingtowork.Thebikemadeasharpturntotheleft...=5\*GB3⑤Hewassharphiscolleagueswhentheywerelate.=6\*GB3⑥Thepriceofpetrolhasrisen（sharp）sincelastmonth.=7\*GB3⑦Thepencildoesn’twritewell；Ishould（sharp）itbeforeIdrawthegreatfigure.16.energeticadj.精力充沛的；充满活力的beenergeticindoing积极地做◆Heisenergeticinallkindsofafter-classactivities.他积极参加各种课外活动。【拓展延伸】energyn.活力，精力；能源，能量befullofenergy精力充沛havetheenergytodosth.有精力做某事apply/devoteone’senergiesto...把某人的精力花……上【学以致用】=1\*GB3①heteenagershavemanyvirtues,whoarelivelyand.（energy）.=2\*GB3②Heworkssohardthathedoesn’thavetheenergy（exercise）.=3\*GB3③Youarealways（精力充沛的）.Canyoutellmethesecret?

17.replacevt.接替；取代；更换replaceAwithB用B代替Areplacesth.

＝taketheplaceofsth.

代替……◆Ireplacedthecupcarefullyinthesaucer.我小心翼翼地将杯子放回茶碟。◆Thesenewfacilitieswilltaketheplaceoftheoldones.这些新设备将代替那些旧的。◆Iwillnolongeruseone-offthingsandreplaceplasticbagswithpaperbags.我将不会再使用一次性物品,并且用纸袋替换塑料袋。【拓展延伸】replacementn.替换；更换；接替者areplacementfor……的替代品/替补【词汇辨析】“代替”的表达法：replace，inplaceof，taketheplaceof，inone’splace，takeone’splace，insteadof【学以致用】=1\*GB3①Hereplacedthepuddingmashedpotatoes.=2\*GB3②Itisstillunderdiscussionwhethertheoldbusstationshould.（replace）withamodernhotelornot.=3\*GB3③Ifyourpassportisstolen,youshouldapplyfora.（replace）immediately.beeagertodosth.渴望做某事【典型例句】Allthestudentsinherclassareeagertolearn.她班上的学生都渴望学习。Ourcompanyiseagertoexpandintonewmarkets.我们公司急欲开辟新的市场。【思维拓展】beeagerforsth.渴求某事物beeagerin热衷于eagerlyadv.急切地；渴望地；热心地lookatsb.eagerly急切地看着某人(3)eagernessn．渴望；热心witheagerness急切地单句语法填空①Facedwiththegoodchance,theyareeager__________(take)advantageofit.②Theywerecrowdedinthechurch,eager_______anynews.③Sheiseager___________(dress)upfortheceremony.④His_____________(eager)tofindajobiscleartoeveryone.⑤Thechildren___________(eager)learnsomethingnewfromtheteachereveryday.⑥Thelittlegirl,whoishelpedbytheProjectHope,iseager_______knowledgeandeager__________(make)progress,sosheiseager______herstudyandisalwayspraisedbyherteachers.befacedwith面临；面对

【典型例句】Wearefacedwithaseriousproblem.我们面临着一个严重的问题。Shewasfacedwithanewjob,inunfamiliarsurroundingswithstrangepeople.她面对着一份全新工作，周围是陌生的环境和陌生的人。【思维拓展】inthefaceofsth.面对(问题、困难等)facetoface面对面地loseface丢脸，失面子saveface保全面子makefaces/aface做鬼脸facethemusic勇于承担后果；接受惩罚facethesea面朝大海facenorth/east朝北/朝东lookintheface正视(某人)Let’sfaceit!面对现实吧！【误区警示】befacedwith不表示被动意义，仅表示主语的一种状态。作状语、定语或补语时，要用过去分词短语facedwith。现在分词facing作状语时，表示“面对，面临”，其后直接跟宾语，不与介词with连用。单句语法填空①Tohisjoy,theproblemhewasfaced_______wasnotsochallenging.②_________(face)withthesepressures,youcanwatchacomedytorelax.③__________(face)arangeofchoices,hewasataloss.④Theydidn’tgiveup______thefaceofdifficulties.⑤EversincethenI’vebeenlongingtomeethimface______face.单句写作⑥Talkingwithfriends______________(面对面地)isagoodwaytoreducethepressurefromworkandlife.⑦When_____________(面对)theunexpectedaccident,hekeptcalmandsavedhissonfromtheburningbuilding.⑧Dressedupinhisbestclothes,theboy______________________(做鬼脸)atthecustomers.一句多译⑨面对这一重大变化，大家都深受鼓舞。______________________________thesignificantchange,everyonefeltgreatlyencouraged.insteadof而不是；代替【典型例句】NowIcanwalktoworkinsteadofgoingbycar.现在我可以步行去上班，而不必开车了。Ifyoucannotgo,he’llgoinsteadofyou.如果你不能去，他将替你去。【易混辨析】instead，insteadofinstead为副词，意为“(不是……)而是/反而……”，可单独使用，置于句首或句末；insteadof意为“代替；而不是”，后接名词、代词、动名词、介词短语等。Insteadofgoingtothecinema,hewentshopping.他没有去看电影，而是去买东西了。Sheneverstudies.Instead,sheplaysallday.她从来不学习。相反，她成天玩。单句语法填空①I’llattendthemeetinginstead______him.②Heworriedthatinstead______makingmoney,hewouldendupowningit.inneedof需要……【典型例句】Ifeltlonelyandwasinneedofsomeoneforcompanionship.我觉得孤独，需要有人做伴。Manyofthebuildingsareinneedofrepair.许多建筑需要整修。【思维拓展】inneed缺(食物或钱)；在危难中；急需There'snoneed(forsb.)todosth.(某人)不必做某事meet/answer/satisfy/fillaneed满足需要单句语法填空①Theministersaidthattheirchurchwasbadly______needofrepairs.完成句子②______________________________ifyoudon’twantto.如果你不想来，就不必来了。③Afriend__________isafriendindeed.患难之交才是真正的朋友。④ThedoctortoldmeIwas____________agoodrest.医生对我说，我需要好好休息。carefor照看；照料；喜欢【典型例句】Shemovedbackhometocareforherelderlyparents.她搬回家住，好照料年迈的双亲。Idon’tcareforheratall.我一点也不喜欢她。【思维拓展】(1)careabout关心；在乎(2)takecare小心；注意(3)takecareof照顾；照料单句语法填空①Hecares_______playingchess.②Mydearfather，youbroughtmeintothisworld,cared_______meandlovedme.③Youshouldn’tcaretoomuch_________yourtestscore.beresponsiblefor对……负责；作为原因，成为起因【典型例句】Mikeisresponsiblefordesigningtheentireproject.迈克负责设计全部工程。Cigarettesmokingisresponsibleforabout90%ofdeathsfromlungcancer.因患肺癌而死亡的人，大约90%是吸烟所致。【思维拓展】responsibilityn.责任;负责astrongsenseofresponsibility很强的责任感haveresponsibilityfor负责takeresponsibilityfor对……负责It'ssb'sresponsibilitytodosth.干某事是某人的职责。单句语法填空①Whoisresponsible_______thetrafficaccidentthathappenedyesterday?②Humanactivityisnotresponsible_______allwatershortages.完成句子③Weneedto_________________________lookingafterourownhealth.我们必须对自己的健康负责。④Eachmanager________________________justunder600properties.每位经理负责近600处房产。Part2核心句型Toapersonnothingismorepreciousthantheirlife...对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更珍贵了……句式分析：这是一个简单句，主语是nothing，is是系动词，precious是表语。“否定词＋比较级”表示最高级意义该结构的具体用法如下：①构成：否定词＋形容词或副词的比较级，有时其后加than②常用的否定词：nothing，no，not，never，nobody③含义：没有比……更……，再……不过了—Whatdoyouthinkofthefilmlastnight?—你觉得昨晚的电影怎么样？—Itcouldn’tbeworse.—没有比它更糟糕的了。Nothingismorepreciousthantime.没有什么比时间更宝贵。Inmyopinion,noexperienceismorevaluablethantheexperiencegainedfromone’sownsweat.在我看来，没有什么经验比自己通过艰苦努力得来的经验更宝贵。【思维拓展】

比较级形式表达最高级含义的其他结构：比较级＋than＋alltheothers(alltheother＋可数名词复数)都……(比其他……)他比他们班上其他任何同学都要高。Heistallerthananyotherstudentinhisclass.Heistallerthananyoneelseinhisclass.Heistallerthanalltheotherstudentsinhisclass.Nooneinhisclassistallerthanhim.【误区警示】上面的other，others，else是学习中很容易忽略的地方，稍不注意就容易出错。有一个原则是必须遵守的，即同一范围内的比较，比较的对象不能相互包含，需要排除主语本身。Heisclevererthananyotherstudentinhisclass.他比他班里任何别的学生都聪明。(如果没有other，句子就错了，因为“他”也是班里学生中的一员)单句语法填空①—Howisyournewbabysitter?—Wecouldn’tfinda__________(good)one.Allourkidslovehersomuch.②—HowwasyourrecenttriptoSichuan?—I’veneverhada________________(pleasant)onebefore.③Asweknow,Tokyois__________(large)thananyother________(city)inJapan.翻译句子 ④(2020·广东深圳期中)Hownicethemusicsounds!Ihaveneverheardabetterpiece.____________________________________________⑤NothinggivesmemorepleasurethanlisteningtoMozart.____________________________________________句型转换Heisthemosthelpfulstudentinhisclass.⑥Youcan’tfind________________studentinhisclass.⑦Heismorehelpfulthan____________studentinhisclass.⑧Heismorehelpfulthan_______________studentsinhisclass.Sheresponded，“I’dratherstaysingletostudyallmylife！”她回答说：“我宁愿保持单身，终生学习！”句式分析：这是一个主从复合句。主句是Sheresponded，后面的直接引语充当宾语从句。wouldrather意为“宁愿；宁可；还是……为好”。IsaidIcouldn'tstanditoneminutelonger.

Iwouldratherbeinprison!我说了我一分钟也忍受不了了，我宁愿待在监狱里！【思维拓展】wouldratherdo...thando...宁愿做……而不愿做……＝woulddo...ratherthando...prefertodo...ratherthando...wouldrather(not)do/havedone...宁愿(不)做……wouldrather＋从句I'drathernotgoclimbingthisweekend.

Also,I'dratheryoustayedhomeandreadnovelswithme.这周末我不愿意去爬山。而且，我想让你和我一起待在家中看小说。【误区警示】wouldrather后接从句时，若表示与现在或将来情况相反，从句用一般过去时；若表示与过去情况相反，从句用过去完成时。【学以致用】①Shewouldrather________(move)toanothercityimmediately.②Janewouldrather____________(be)morecarefulatthattime.③I’dratheryou_______(meet)herattheairporttomorrowmorning.④Hecomplainedthathe’dratherhe___________(be)morestrictwithusthen.⑤Tomwouldratherliveanindependentlife________relyonhisparents.单句写作⑥Iwouldwalkthedogaftersupper______________(而不是)athome.⑦______________(而不是)takeabustoschool,Iprefertogoonfoot.句型转换⑧I’dratherhaveatrythanwaitdoingnothing.

→I_________haveatryratherthanwaitdoingnothing.⑨Iwouldratherhavehiredhimasmysecretarylastyear.

→IwouldratherI____________himasmysecretarylastyear.SheimmediatelybecamethefirstwomanevertobehiredasaresidentphysicianintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.她立即成为第一个被聘为PUMC医院妇产科住院医师的女性。句式分析：这是一个简单句。主语是She，became是系动词，thefirstwoman是表语，不定式tobehired作后置定语，修饰woman。LiMingisoftenthefirststudenttoarriveatschoolinthemorning.李明经常是早晨第一个到校的学生。不定式(短语)作后置定语的情况：①被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时；②不定代词something，nothing，little等后常用不定式作定语；③抽象名词time，way，reason，chance，ability，courage，opport