广东省部分市高二下学期期末英语汇编阅读理解

广东省部分市20232024学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题汇编阅读理解广东省茂名市20232024学年高二下学期期末英语试题一、阅读理解ANowit’stimetotakethelearningoutdoorswithourexcitingsummercampsessions.Let’shavealookatwhat’singupforsummercamps.EvergreenExplorersJoinusaswetravelthroughtheecosystemsofWashingtonStateinsearchofadventureanddiscovery.Camperswillplantminigardens,createusefulitemsfromrecycledmaterials,andlearntofilterwaterusingthepowerofnature.(Grades23)GreenbyDesignExplorethesciencebehindsustainabilityandecofriendlydesigninthishandsoncampsession.Camperswillworktogethertofindwaystoleadagreenerlife,fromanalyzingrenewableenergysourcestodesigningsustainablesolutionsforeverydaychallenges.(Grades68)GreenerFutureEmpoweryourchildtomakeapositiveimpactontheplanetinourGreenerFuturecampsession.Camperswilldiscoverhowtoreduceenvironmentalimpacts,explorerenewableenergysources,andcreatesustainablesolutionsfortheirmunities.(Grades68)Registerforoursustainabilitycamp!Don’tmissoutontheopportunityforyourchildtobeeanecoleaderandmakeadifferencefortheplanet!RegisternowforourCampsforCuriousMindssustainabilitysessionsandsetoutonajourneytowardsagreener,moresustainablefuture.Together,let’scultivateagenerationofenvironmentalprotectorswhoarereadytochangetheworld!1．Whichsessioncanathirdgraderjoin?A．EvergreenExplorers. B．GreenbyDesign. C．GreenerFuture. D．RecyclingCamp.2．WhatdoparticipantslearntodoinGreenerFuturecampsession?A．Growplantsinminigardens. B．Makeuseofthepowerofnature.C．Createwaysfortheirdailychallenges. D．Helpmunitiesdevelopsustainably.3．Whoistheadvertisementintendedfor?A．Campers. B．Leaders. C．Teachers. D．Parents.BShecameintomylifewhenIwaseightyearsold.Mydadfoundher.Shewasgettinglostandstarving.Hetookonelookather,openedthedoorandshejumpedin.MomandDadfedherandgaveherabath.Asagirl,Ihadalwayswantedadog.MyparentstoldmewhenIwasoldenoughandresponsible,Icouldhaveone.WhenIgothome,Iwasgreetedwithmanypuppykisses.Averyspecialfriendshipwasbornthatday.Nowsheneededaname.Myolderbrotherlaughedatherandsaidhertailwasdeformed.Itdidn’twagitstailbackandforth,instead,itwentinacircle.Hesaid,“She’ssquirrely.”Thusmypuppy,Squirrelygothername.Squirrelywasasmartdog.Itaughthertoplayhideandseek.Wewouldplayforhours,spendingourdayslearningandgrowingtogether.Elevenyearsweweretogether,bestoffriends.Arthritis(关节炎)andoldagesetinonher.Myparentsknewwhathadtobedone,buttheystoodbackandletmemakethedecisionmyself.Shewassufferingsomuchandthemedicinedidn’thelp.Shecouldbarelywalk.Ilookedintothosedeepbrowneyesandrealizeditwastimetolethergo.Icarriedherintothepetdoctor’sofficeandplacedheronthetable.Squirrelyleanedherheadforwardandgavealicktomyhand,asiftosaysheunderstood.Hertailwaswagginginthatcircleasitalwaysdid.Whenthepetdoctorsaid“It’sover”,Iwrappedherupinherfavoriteblanket,andcarriedherout.Iburiedherinthefarm,whereshelovedplayingandchasingrabbits.Iknowthatspecialfriendwillbewithmealways.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“squirrely”inparagraph3mean?A．Strange. B．Cute. C．Active. D．Energetic.5．Whatcanweinferfromthefirstthreeparagraphs?A．Theauthor’sparentsdidn’tlikethepuppy.B．Theauthorwasn’tresponsiblewhenshewasyoung.C．Theauthor’sbrothergavethepuppyanameonpurpose.D．Theauthorandthepuppylovedeachotheratfirstsight.6．Whydidtheauthorrealizeitwastimetoletherpetgo?A．Herdogdidn’teatanythinganymore. B．Herdoghadseriousillnessandsuffered.C．Herdogdidn’tplayhideandseekwithher. D．Herparentsaskedhertomakethedecision.7．What’stheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowhowshetrainedherdog. B．Toexplainhowshegotasmartdog.C．Totellherdeepfriendshipwithherdog. D．Todescribethefinaldaysshespentwithherdog.CSpendingtimeoutdoors,especiallyingreenspaces,isoneofthefastestwaystoimproveyourhealthandhappiness.Itcanlowerstress,bloodpressureandheartrate.Doctorsareincreasinglytakingthesefindingsseriouslyandusingthemtotheirpatients.Now,anewstudypublishedintheInternationalJournalofEnvironmentalHealthResearchaddstotheevidenceandshowsjusthowlittletimeittakestogetthebenefitsofbeingoutside.Spendingjust20minutesinapark—evenifyoudon’texercisewhileyou’rethere—isenoughtoimprovewellbeing,accordingtotheresearch.Forthestudy,researcherssurveyed94adultswhovisitedoneofthreeurbanparksoverthesummerandfall.Theyweregivenfitnesstrackerstomeasurephysicalactivitybutwerenottoldwhattodointheparkorhowlongtostay.Eachpersonalsoansweredquestionsabouttheirlifesatisfactionandmood—whichwereusedtocalculateasubjectivewellbeingscore,withamaximumvalueof55—beforeandaftertheirparkvisit.Theaverageparkvisitlasted32minutes,and30%ofpeopleengagedinatleastmoderateintensity(中等强度)physicalactivitywhilethere.Wellbeingscoresroseduringtheparkvisitin60%ofpeople,withanaverageincreaseofabout1.5points(fromabout37to39).Formanypeopleinthestudy,simplybeingingreenspaceseemedtobeenoughtomakeachange.Themedicalmunityisincreasinglyviewinggreenspaceasaplacefortheirpatientstogainphysicalandmentalhealthbenefits.Somephysicians,likeDr.RobertZarr,areevenwritingprescriptions(处方)forit.Bywritingnatureprescriptions,physiciansareencouragingtheirpatientstogetoutdoorsandtakeadvantageofwhatmanyviewtobefreemedicine.8．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph1referto?A．Health. B．Happiness. C．Stayingoutdoors. D．Takingexercise.9．Whatdidthenewstudyfind?A．Beingoutsidecostsalot.B．A20minutebreakinnatureisbeneficial.C．Exerciseisenoughtoimprovewellbeing.D．Spendingtimeoutdoorsisthefastestwaytoimprovehappiness.10．Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A．Theparticipantswererecordedsubjectively.B．Theparticipantswererecordedalltheyearround.C．Theparticipantshadtostayintheparkforatleast20minutes.D．Theparticipants’moodwascalculatedbytheiransweringquestions.11．WhatdoesDr.RobertZarrthinkofspendingtimeoutdoors?A．Doubtful. B．Supportive. C．Unconcerned. D．Unclear.DTimespeedsupwhenyouarehavingfun.Butitslowsdown,itturnsout,whenonelooksatsomethingworthremembering.Accordingtoaresearch,people’ssenseofhowfasttimepassescanbeinfluencedbythememorabilityoftheimagesinfrontofthem.AteamledbyMartinWiener,acognitive(认知)neuroscientistatGeorgeMasonUniversityinAmerica,testedhowvisualstimulichangepeople’sexperienceoftime.Theyshowedseveraldozenparticipantsimagesofdifferentscenes—fromemptyboxroomstofilledstadiums—forbetween300and900milliseconds.Aftereachonetheparticipantshadtosayifthetimespentlookingattheimagewasshortorlong.Theirresponsesshowedthat,whentheimagesfeaturedlargescenes,suchasanemptywarehouse,moretimeseemedtohavepassed.Theoppositehappenedwhentheimageswereofspacesjammedwithobjects,suchasanoverfullgarage.Thatwasstrange.Previousresearchhasfoundthattheexperienceofstretchedtimeincreaseswithsize;forinstance,ifpeopleareflashedimagesofdifferentnumbersforequallengthsoftime,theythinkthehighernumbersareshownforlonger.Butthejammedscenesseemedtocontradictthattrend.Toseeifsomethingelsewasatplay,theresearchersrananotherexperimentusingpicturesthatdifferedinmemorability.Humansbetterrememberedpicturesfocusedonpeople,actionsandcentrallyplacedobjects.Dr.Wiener’steamusedimagesfroma60,000imagedataset,whereeachimagehadbeenjudgedonitsmemorability(amanwithflowersinhisbeard:memorable).Themorememorabletheimage,themoreitseemedtostretchtime.Exactlyhowprocessingspeedleadstodifferenttimeperception(理解)isstillunclear,buttheresearchersbelievetheconnectionliesinhowthebrainprioritisesininginformation.12．Whathasagreateffectonpeople’ssenseoftime?A．Time’sspeedingup. B．Time’sslowingdown.C．Ininginformation. D．Memorabilityoftheimages.13．Whenyoulookata(n)______,itseemsmoretimehaspassed.A．filledstadium B．overfullgarageC．emptywarehouse D．treeinthecorner14．Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?A．Aresearchpaper. B．Atravelbrochure.C．Ahealthmagazine. D．Abiologytextbook.15．Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A．Howtimeflieswithdifferentimages.B．Theexperienceoftimeincreaseswithsize.C．Memorableimagesmaketimepassmoreslowly.D．Processingspeedleadstodifferenttimeperception.广东省梅州市20232024学年高二下学期期末英语试题一、阅读理解AOurschoolislookingforpaidmemberstositontheStudentAdvisoryBoardforVolunteering.TheBoardplaysanimportantroleininfluencingthedevelopmentanddeliveryofthevolunteeringservice.Itsaimistofindvolunteeringopportunitiesforstudents,teachersatschool.Volunteering,whichhasthepotentialtocreatepositivesocialimpact,iskeytoschool.TheBoardwillensurethatstudents’needsareatthecoreoftheservicesothatallKing’sstudentscanmakeadifference.Thisyear,theStudentAdvisoryBoardforVolunteering’stopicsinclude:●Volunteeringopportunitiesforthedisabled.●PromotionoftheBoard’sservice.●Howtorecognizeandrewardvolunteers.●mentontheBoard’swork.Thisisauniqueandexcitingopportunityopentoallstudyingatschool,nomatterhowmuchorhowlittleyouhavevolunteered.TheBoardwillberunbothonlineandinperson,andboardmemberswillbepaidtheLondonLivingWage(£11.95perhour)viaKing’sTalentBank.Theapplicationdeadlineis23:59onFriday,31stMarch2023.Applyviatheformbelow,usingyourschoolemailaddress.1．WhatdoestheBoardaimtodoforthoseatschool?A．Performvoluntarywork. B．Discovervolunteeringchances.C．Providelearningopportunities. D．Meettheiracademicneeds.2．Whichofthefollowingisapossibletopicforthisyear’sarrangement?A．mentontheBoard’sperformance. B．Trainingvoluntaryworkers.C．RunningtheBoardonline. D．Takingcareofpeoplewithdisabilities.3．WhocanapplytobeamemberoftheBoardatKing’s?A．Theteachers. B．Thestudents.C．Thegraduates. D．Theworkingstaff.BMyBiggestChallengeAsawriteronanadventuresportsmagazine,I’dalwaysfoughtshyofdoingtheadventurousstuffmyself,preferringinsteadtoobservetheexpertsfromasafedistanceandrelaytheirexperiencestoreadersintheformofwrittenlanguage.Thus,whenIwaschallengedtotakepartinamountainclimbinaidofraisingmoneyforcharity—andtowriteaboutitafterwards—Iwasunwilling,tosaytheleast.IwasluckyenoughtohaveabrilliantclimbingcoachcalledKeith,whoputmethroughmypacesaftermydailywork.Hegavemeknowledgeabouteverythingfromtheimportanceofbuildingmusclegroupstohowtoavoidtirednessthroughnutrition.ItquicklybecameapparentthatthemechanicsofclimbingweremoreplexthanIhadimagined.TherewastheequipmentandtechniquesI’dneverevenheardof,allofwhichwouldeinhandyonthesnowcappedpeakI’dbeclimbing.Awareofthechallenge,KeithmadeadetailedactionplanandIforcedmyselftosticktoit,doingadailyworkoutatthegymandgoingonhikeswithaheavypack.Iperfectedmytechniqueontheclimbingwallandevenwenttoclimbthemountainstogetvitalexperience.MyselfbeliefincreasedalongsidemymusclepowerandIbecameconfidentaboutfinishingtheclimb.AlltoosoonIwasonaplanetomydestination.Onthatday,whenIlookedupatthemountain,Ithoughtofabandoningit.ButthenIrememberedallthehardworkI’ddoneandhowdisappointedKeithwouldbeifIgaveupatthelastminutenottomentionlettingdownthecharityandthesenseoffailureI’dexperiencemyself.WithadeepbreathIgatheredmyequipmentandheadedoutintothesunshinetomeettherestofthegroup.AndasIsitherenow,tappingawayonmylaptop,I’mamazedatthedetailsinwhichIcanrecalleverysecondoftheclimb:theburningmuscles,thetiredness,theminorproblemsalongtheway.CouldIhavebeenbetterprepared?Possibly.WouldIbebackforanothergo?Thankfullynot.ThefeelingofbeingexcitedwhenIstoodontopoftheworldisanevertoberepeatedexperiencebutoneIwillenjoyforevernevertheless.4．Atthebeginningoftheactivity,theauthorrevealedhis______.A．disappointmentintheingadventure.B．expectationofwritingabouthisexperience.C．lackofenthusiasmforthechallengehe’dbeenoffered.D．curiosityabouttakingpartinthemountainclimbforcharity.5．Whatdidtheauthorrealiseduringhisclimbtraining?A．Theknowledgeaboutclimbingwasreallyconfusing.B．Theequipmentwasthekeyfactortoreachthepeak.C．Climbingwasmuchmoreplicatedthanexpected.D．Hardtrainingwasfarmoreimportantthanmakingplans.6．Howdidtheauthorfeelafterhesucceededinclimbingthemountain?A．Hewasrelievedthathewouldn’thavetodoitagain.B．Hewaswellsatisfiedthathehaddonehisbestforit.C．Hewassurprisedthathehadmanagedtopleteit.D．Hewasregretfulthatitwasn’tassmoothasimagined.CAccordingtonewstudies,manybirdsintheAmazonrainforesthavebeesmallerastemperatureshaveincreased.Thedifferencehasn’tbeenobvious,butithasbeensignificantenoughthatsomescientistshavesuggestedit’sauniversalresponsetoclimatechange.Butnewresearchfindsthatthebodysizereductionsaren’thappeningacrosstheboardwithsomelarge­brainedbirdshavingmuchlesssignificantchanges.Forthestudy,researchersstudiedsomedataonabout70,000birdsthathaddiedwhentheycrashedintobuildingsinChicagofrom1978to2016.Theyaddeddataonbrainvolumeandlifespan(寿命)for49ofthe52speciesofmigratorybirds(候鸟)intheoriginalstudy.Theyfoundthatbirdswithverylargebrainshadreductionsinoverallbodysizethatwereaboutone­thirdofthereductionsnotedinbirdswithsmallerbrains.Theythoughtthatinbirds,thespecieswithbigbrainsaretheonesthatbuildtools,managetosurviveintoughenvironments,livelonger,investmoretimeandenergyintoraisingbabies,andendupsurvivingbetterinthewild.Researchersaren’tcertainexactlyhowwarmertemperaturesmightleadtodecreasingbodysizeinbirds,buttheyareconsideringtwopossibleexplanations,whichcouldevenbehappeningatthesametime.First,naturalselectionmightbefavoringbirdsthatcandissipateheatbetter.Thisisbecausesmallerbirdshavehigherratios(比例)ofsurfaceareatovolume,sobeingsmallcanhelpbirdsstaycool.Second,warmersummersmighthavelessfoodavailableforbirdsatthetimewhentheyarefeedingtheirbabies.Inthatcase,birdsmightbegettingsmallerbecauseofdecreasedfoodovertheyears.Thefindingsdon’tsuggestthatclimatechangeishavingzeroimpactonbigger­brainedbirds,butresearchersbelievethesefindingscaninformusofclimatechangeandhelpsetconservationpriorities.7．Howdoesclimatechangeaffectbirds?A．Theirbodysizeshrinks. B．Theirlifespanshortens.C．Theirbodytemperaturerises. D．Theirbrainsizeexpands.8．Howdidthescientistsdotheresearch?A．Byanalyzingthebirddata. B．Byobservingthebirdsdying.C．Bystudyingthebirddeathrate. D．Byclarifyingthebirdspecies.9．Whichwordcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“dissipate”inparagraph5?A．use B．hold C．absorb D．lose10．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Birds’BodySizesVary B．BrainSizeMattersforBirdsC．ClimatechangesSharply D．TemperatureRisesGlobally广东省清远市20232024学年高二下学期期末英语试题一、阅读理解AIncontrasttorushingpastovercrowdedtouristlandmarks,thenewtrendofcitywalkhasemergedasapopularalternativetoexploringbustlingmarkets,ancientstreets,andcharmingalleysataleisurelypace.HerearesomegoodremendationsforcitywalkinChina.ShanghaiShanghaihasundertakenextensiverenovations(修复)inmanyhistoricandculturalneighborhoods.Forinstance,theWukangBuilding,whichwasbuiltin1924,underwenttwoconservationrenovationsin2009and2019.In2020,italsounderwenta“microupdate”.GuangzhouYongqingfang,ahistoricalplexinGuangzhou,issituatedonEnningRoadandisconsideredthecoreareaofoldGuangzhou,aswellasthecity’smostbeautifularcade.Startingin2009,aseriesofmicrotransformationsbeganinYongqingfangandhavecontinuedtothepresentday.Today,therevitalizedYongqingfanghasemergedasanewculturallandmark,wheretraditionalandmodernculturesmixharmoniouslyintheoldcity.FuzhouCurrently,Fuzhouhasatotallengthof131kilometersofmountaintrails,connectingwith501.7kilometersofwaterfrontgreenwaysandover200traditionalstreetsandalleys.TheFuzhouurbanforesttrail,whichwindsthroughnumerousparks,facilitatesacloseconnectionbetweenmountains,water,people,andthecity.NanjingYoucanexperiencehistoryandmodernityinNanjing.WalkandtastefromPingshiStreettoShengzhouRoad,getaroastducktakeoutandtwoliang(100grams)ofbeefpotstickersbeforeyousitdownforabowlofsoupnoodlestoppedwithporkrindsandribs.Treatyourselftosomerichtraditionalfoods.1．HowmanytimeshastheWukangBuildingbeenrenovatedinthepast20years?A．2. B．3. C．4. D．5.2．Whichcitysuitsanatureloveraccordingtothetext?A．Shanghai. B．Guangzhou. C．Fuzhòu. D．Nanjing.3．WhatdoGuangzhouandNanjinghaveinmon?A．Theyhaveahistoryofrenovations. B．Theyhavemanyworldfamousbuildings.C．Theyofferwaterfrontgreenwaysfortourists. D．Theybinetraditionalandmoderncultures.BCandaceLeslieCimaisa75yearoldfashionandlifestyleinfluencerworkingtochangetheattitudesregardingagingforbothhergenerationandtheonesfollowinghers.Candace’svideo,sharingamentonherstylethatsays“You’re60.Youshouldn’twearthat”,got7.4millionviewsonsocialmedia.Sheisansweringmentsabouthersleevelessshirtstylechoiceswith“Iam75,actually.”Inhermind,thereisnostigmaattachedtobeingaging.“Irememberbeingonthecheckoutlineatasupermarketandlookingattheheadlinesonthosemagazines.TheywouldalwayshaveheadlineslikeHowtolookyourbestat20,30,and40.Neverdidtheymention50,60,and70,”sherecallsinavideo.Inadditiontohervideos,Candacealsohasablogwhereshespeaksatlengthaboutagingandfashion.Candaceexplainsthatshewearsalotofsleevelesstops,andthereisalwayssomeonewhowritestoherthatwomenover60shouldnotbaretheirarms.Shehasawholearticleonherblogdevotedtothissleevelessshirtstyleelement,whichiscalledWoman’sRighttoBareArms.“So...youhavesomelooseskinonyourarmsorsomeveinsonyourlegsoragespotsonyourhand...Whyisthatabadthing?”Shemakesapoint,sayingthatitiswewhodecidewhetheritisabadthingandwhetherweareashamedofournaturalagingprocessandletothersmakeusfeellessthanweare.Afterall,everyoneages,soweallasasocietyshouldnormalizethesechangesandlearntoseethempositively.Forher,ageisnotjustanumber.It’sabadgeofhonortowearproudly.“Theonlywaytochangethatviewisthatwe,asolderwomen,showthemthatagingisagift,somethingtobeembraced,valuedandshared,”shewrites.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stigma”inparagraph2mean?A．Trouble. B．Worry. C．Shame. D．Difficulty.5．HowdoesCandacerespondtomentsaboutherage?A．Sheusestheopportunitytopromotepositiveaging.B．Sheignoresthemanddoesnotaddressthempublicly.C．Shegetsupsetanddefendsherselfinanaggressivemanner.D．Sheavoidswearingclothesthatmightdrawattentiontoherage.6．WhichwordscanbestdescribeCandace?A．Caringandgenerous. B．Concernedandhelpful.C．Confidentandbrave. D．Strangeandfashionable.7．WhatmessagedoesCandacewanttoconvey?A．Agingshouldbefearedandhidden.B．Agingisanaturalprocesstobecelebrated.C．Fashiontrendsaremoreimportantthanpersonalstyle.D．Ageshoulddefineaperson’slifestyleandappearance.CThesummerof2023wasthehottesteverrecordedonEarth.Carbondioxide(CO2)emissionsfromburningfossilfuelsarethemaincausesbehindclimatechange,andscientistssaytheymustbecontrolled.Butthere’sanothergreenhousegastodealwith:methane.Tacklingitmaybethebestbetforputtingthebrakesonrisingtemperaturesintheshortterm.That’sbecauseit’srelativelyshortlivedintheatmosphere—methanelastsabout12years,whileCO2canstickaroundforhundredsofyears.Wealreadyhavestrategiesforcuttingmethaneemissions—fixingnaturalgasleaks(methaneisthemainponentofnaturalgas),removingcoalgradually(miningoperationsreleasemethane),eatinglessmeatanddairyproducts(cowsburplotsofmethane)andelectrifyingtransportationandappliances.Implementingallexistingstrategiescouldslowglobalwarmingby30percentoverthenextdecade,researchhasshown.Butsomeclimatescientists,includingJackson,sayweneedtogofurther.Scientistswanttodevelopwaystoremovemethanedirectlyfromtheair.Mostideasarestillinearlyresearchstages.TheNationalAcademiesofSciences,EngineeringandMedicineiscurrentlystudyingthesepotentialtechnologies,theirstateofreadinessandpossiblerisks,andwhatfurtherresearchandfundingareneeded.Someoftheapproachesincludereengineeringbacteriathatarealreadygoodateatingmethaneanddevelopingreactorsinmethanerichplacestochemicallytransformthegas.“Methaneisasprint(短跑)andCO2isamarathon,”saysDesiréePlata,acivilandenvironmentalengineeratMIT.“Whilemethaneemissionsareasignificantcontributortoclimatechange,carbondioxideemissionsremaintheprimarydriver.Therefore,wemustcontinuetopursuestrategiestoreduceCO2emissionswhilealsotargetingmethanereduction.”Forscientistsfocusedonremovinggreenhousegases,it’sofftotheraces.8．Whatisthebestwaytostoprisingtemperaturesintheshortterm?A．Quittingburningfossilfuels. B．Dealingwithmethaneemissions.C．Improvingcurrentresearchmethods. D．Controllingcarbondioxideemissions.9．Whatisthepossibleresultofcarryingoutexistingstrategies?A．Reducingtherateofglobalwarming. B．Fixingnaturalgasleaks.C．Trappingmethaneintheatmosphere. D．Increasingtheuseofenergy.10．Whatdoestheauthorimplyinparagraph3?A．Theapproachesarenotfullydeveloped. B．Thecurrentresearchprogressissufficient.C．Someapproacheshavebeenappliedwidely. D．Methaneemissionscanberemovedpletely.11．WhatisDesiréePlata’sattitudetowardstheideaofremovingmethane?A．Indifferent. B．Negative. C．Neutral. D．Supportive.DAdvancesingenerativeartificialintelligence(AI)haveenabledauthenticsoundingspeechsynthesis(语音合成)tothepointthatapersoncannolongerdistinguishwhethertheyaretalkingtoanotherhumanoradeepfake(深度伪造).Ifaperson’sownvoiceis“cloned”byathirdpartywithouttheiragreement,badguyscanuseittosendanymessagetheywant.puterscientistandengineerNingZhanghasdevelopedanewmethodtopreventunauthorizedspeechsynthesisbeforeittakesplace:atoolcalledAntiFake.Traditionaldeepfakedetectionmethodsonlyworkafterthedamageisdone.However,AntiFakepreventsvoicedatafrombeingsynthesizedintoanaudiodeepfakebeforehand.Thistoolturnsthetablesoncybercriminals(网络罪犯)byusingsimilarvoicecloningtechniquestheyemploy,butforvoiceprotection.Thesoftwareplicatesvoicedataextractionandfeatureidentificationcrucialforvoicesynthesis.“We’reusinganoppositeAItechniqueoriginallyusedbycybercriminals,butnowwe’reusingitagainstthem,”Zhangexplained.“Weslightlychangetherecordedaudio,justenoughtomakeitunusableforvoiceclonetrainingwhilestillsoundingnaturaltohumans.”BenZhao,aprofessorofputerscienceatUniversityofChicago,saysthatthesoftware,likealldigitalsecuritysystems,willneverprovidepleteprotection.But,headdsthatitcanraisethebarandlimittheattacktoasmallergroupofindividualswithsignificantresources.AntiFakecanalreadyprotectshortervoicerecordingsagainstcloning.Thecreatorsofthetoolbelievethatitcouldbeextendedtoprotectlargeraudiodocumentsormusicfrommisuse.Butthemethodsandtoolsthataredevelopedmustbecontinuouslyadaptedbecausecybercriminalswilllearnandgrowwiththem.12．WhatistheprimarypurposeofAntiFake?A．Toimprovethequalityofsyntheticspeech. B．Toclonevoiceswithouttheowner’sapproval.C．Todetectdeepfakesaftertheyhavebeencreated. D．Tostopunapprovedspeechgenerationfromhappening.13．HowdoesAntiFakedifferfromthesetraditionalmethods?A．Itpreventsaudiodeepfakesinadvance. B．Itcannotdetectdeepfakesuntilcreated.C．Itonlyworksonshortvoicerecordings. D．Itreliesonhumanlistenerstoidentifydeepfakes.14．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Developersshouldfocusonshortvoicerecordings.B．Thebattleagainstdeepfakesrequiresongoingefforts.C．AntiFakeisineffectiveagainstadvancedcloningtechniques.D．AntiFakeprovidespermanentsolutionstothedeepfakethreat.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TheFutureofVoiceTechnology. B．AMethodforDetectingAIDeepfakes.C．TheChallengeofTellingHumanVoices. D．ATooltoKeepAIfromStealingYourVoice.广东省佛山市20232024学年高二下学期期末英语试题一、阅读理解AInthe40yearsafterEdmundHilaryandTenzingNorgayfirstreachedthetopofMountEverest(珠穆朗玛)in1953,anaverageof12peopleayearfollowedintheirfootsteps.In2023,morethan1,200peopleattemptedtheclimb.Hightechequipmentandbetterunderstandingofthephysicalimpactofhighaltitudes(海拔)havebroughtnewhopefulstoEverest.ButWillCockrell,inhisnewbookEverest.Inc,arguesthattheprimaryreasonistheestablishmentofaprofessionalguidingindustry.TheguidingindustryexistsmainlybecauseofDickBas.Bas,whomadeafortuneinoil,boughthiswayontothreedifferentEverestexpeditions(探险)and,in1985,aged55,hebecameboththeoldestandleastexperiencedclimbertoreachthetop.Thesightofanordinarypersonontopoftheworldgeneratedtheestablishmentofpaniestomeetthenewdemandfortours.Theearlyyearsofguided