高一英语开学摸底考（译林版2020）（原卷版）

2024届高一下学期开学摸底考（译林版2020）英语（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15. B.£9.18. C.£9.15.答案是C。1．Whatwillthemandotonight?A．Stayathome. B．Gotoaclub. C．Attendameeting.2．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inabank. B．Inarestaurant. C．Inastore.3．Whydoesthemanwanttomove?A．Toliveinabiggerhouse.B．Togotoagoodschool.C．Tobenearhisoffice.4．Whoisingtovisittheman?A．Sara. B．Sam. C．Antonio.5．Whoarethespeakers?A．Classmates. B．Professorandstudent. C．Interviewerandinterviewee.第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6．Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A．Adoctor. B．Anassistant. C．Aprofessor.7．Whenwillthemangotoseethedoctor?A．OnWednesday. B．OnThursday. C．OnFriday.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8．Whatdoesthewomancongratulatethemanon?A．Gainingajobinterview. B．Standingoutinhisclass. C．Gettinghisdreamjob.9．Whatkeepsthemangoing?A．Hisloveforbridges. B．Hisambitiontogethighsalary. C．Hisdesiretograduatefromuniversity.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Listeningtomusic.B．Seeingafilm.C．Writingaletter.11．HowlongwillthewomanstayinJapan?A．Fortwoyears. B．Foramonth. C．Forayear.12．WhatwillthewomandobeforesheleavesforJapan?A．ReadmoreJapanesenovels.B．Attendalanguageclass.C．Applyforanewprogram.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13．WhodoesJamesbuyagiftfor?A．Hisroommate. B．Hissister. C．Hisfather.14．WhatdoesJamessayaboutchoosingagift?A．It’sinteresting. B．It’sdifficult. C．It’seasy.15．WhatdoesLindathinkistheperfectgift?A．Somethingimpressive. B．Somethingdecorative. C．Somethinguseful.16．WhatisLinda’ssuggestionattheendoftheconversation?A．Refertothereceiver’slastbackpack.B．Choosethemostpopularcolor.C．Askthereceiver’sadvice.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17．Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A．Somewaystokeephealthy.B．Someofhisfavouritesports.C．Thewaytosolveproblems.18．Wheredoesthespeakerprobablylive?A．Inthecountryside. B．Inabigcity. C．Bythesea.19．Whatdidthespeakerdotenyearsago?A．HeclimbedtheAlps.B．HetookpartinLondonMarathon.C．Hefinishedacourseiniceclimbing.20．Whydoesthespeaker’swifeseldomgoclimbing?A．Shehasnotime. B．Sheisn’tstrongenough. C．Sheisafraidofclimbing.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AmunityCelebrationsTheStoryofArtistJohnBiggersAsthe100thbirthdayofthelate(已故)JohnBiggersisingnearin2024,theMFAHcelebrateshislegacy(遗产).Thesevideospresentaconversationwithartistsheencouraged,andalookatthewallpaintinghewasinvitedtopaint,describingBlacklongshoremenofHouston.AMosaicofArtandmunityMeettheJubileeQuiltCircle,createdinthe1990stoprotectthelegacyofAfricanAmericanquilting(被子)whileencouragingpersonalgrowthopportunitiesandexperiencesinHouston.Inthistwopartvideoseries,hearfromJubileemembersandlearnaboutthecentralmunityspiritthatgoesintotheartofquiltmaking.IToo,WeTwo!Virtual(虚拟的)experiences—dance,music,spokenwordperformances,interviewsandmore—payhonourtotheAfricanAmericanartistswhoseworkisonviewintheMuseum’sNancyandRichKinderBuilding.Theheading“IToo,WeTwo!”recognizestheteamspiritbetweentheEnsembleTheatreandtheMFAHandalsoincludestheEnsembleTheatre’svirtualworkI,Too,AmAmerica.MyJourneywithFlamencoSeethedifferentstylesofflamenco,aformofSpanishsonganddancebasedonthemusictraditionsofsouthernSpainfromthe9thto14thcenturies.Thesevideos’leadingroleisAnaMaríaBarcelóandthefoundersofHoustonflamencoperformancepanySoleroFlamenco:JeremíasGarcíaandIrmaLaPaloma.TheshowGloryofSpain:TreasuresfromtheHispanicSocietyMuseum&Libraryprovidestheinspiration(启发).21．WhatisthepurposeofTheStoryofArtistJohnBiggers?A．Tocelebrateafestival. B．Tohonoralateartist.C．Tointroduceatradition. D．ToshowthelifeoftheBlack.22．WhatcanbelearnedatAMosaicofArtandmunity?A．Worldfamouspaintings. B．Onlineartperformances.C．Spanishsongsanddance. D．Artofmakingbedclothes.23．Whichofthefollowingmentionsteamwork?A．IToo,WeTwo! B．MyJourneywithFlamenco.C．AMosaicofArtandmunity. D．TheStoryofArtistJohnBiggers.BFiveyearsago,ChineseskaterWuDajingintroducedhimselftotheskatingworldbywinningasilvermedalattheSochiOlympicWinterGames.AtPyeongChangOlympics,Wunotonlyreturned,butalsomadehistory.OnFeb22th,2018,Wuwonthegoldmedalinthemen’sshorttrack500metrerace.Hesetanewworldrecordwithatimeof39.584seconds.HealsobecamethefirstChinesemantotakehomeanOlympicshorttrackgoldmedal.BBCsaidWu’swinwas“flawless”,becausehewasmuchfasterthanalloftheotherskaters.“Ididn’tgivethemachanceandIkeptmyspeedfromthestart,”hetoldthemediaafterthematch.ButChina’sshorttrackteamsdidn’tdowellingeneralattheGames.Chineseskatersinthewomen’s500metres,3000metrerelayandmen’s1500metresallfailedtotakehomethegold.WuwasChina’sbiggesthope,whichputalotofpressureonhim.Butheprovedhimselfwithhisgreatperformance.Wuisnowknownasahighlytalentedskater.Butthingswerenotalwaysthatway.WhenWujoinedthenationalteamin2010,hewasseenasalmost“nothing”paredtogiftedskaterslikeZhouYangandFanKexin,ashiscoachessaidatthetime.Theirmentsmadehimquiteupset.Butasthesayinggoes.“Winnersneverquit(放弃)andquittersneverwin”.Wudidn’twanttogiveupandworkedashardashecould.Hepracticedskatingallyearround.Heevendidn’treturntohishometownfortheholidaysfor10years.“Ibelieveinmyself.”hetoldthemediaafterhismatchattheOlympics.24．PeoplebegantoknowWuDajingbythetimehe.A．wonthesecondplaceattheSochiOlympicWinterGamesB．wonagoldmedalattheSochiOlympicWinterGamesC．wonagoldmedalatPycongChangOlympicWinterGamesD．enteredthePycongChangOlympicWinterGames25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flawless”mean?A．mon B．valuable C．perfect D．difficult26．Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisRIGHT?A．WuwonagoldmedalattheSochiOlympicWinterGamesfouryearsago.B．Wubroketheworldrecordwithatimeof39.584secondsandmadehistory.C．Wu’scoachesplacedgreathopeonhimwhenhejoinedthenationalteam.D．Chineseskatersinwomen’s500metres,3000metrerelaytookhomethegold.27．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?A．ThenationalteamandcoachesthoughtWuasatalentedskateralltheway.B．Wukeptonpracticingskatingallyearroundevenintheholidaysfor10years.C．ZhouYangandFanKexinweremorehardworkingonskatingthanWuDajing.D．Itisthehardwork,confidenceandstrongwillthathavemadeWuawinner.CTsunamisareoneofthemostterrifyingnaturalphenomenathattheworldsuffers.Theseriesofwavesgeneratedbythedisplacement(位移)ofalargevolumeofwatercanbecausedbyseveralevents,includingearthquakes,underwaterexplosionsandlandslides.Oncetriggered(引发),atsunamicanhitthecoastwithinminutesanditsdestructivepowercanbeenormous.Atpresent,earlywarningsystemsrelyonmeasuringthemovementofdartbuoys(浮标),whichrecordchangesinthesealevel,orassessingthebottomwaterpressureofthedevelopingtsunami.Buttheyrequirethetsunamitophysicallyreachthemeasurementlocation.Thebuoyscouldbefixedinthedeepocean,butthisrequiresanunrealisticallybignumberofbuoys.Orpeoplecanfixthebuoysalongtheshoreline,butduetothehighspeedofthetsunami,thismethodmayleavenowarningtimeforpeopleontheland.Instead,thereisanewsystem—usingsoundwavestopredicttsunamis.Soundwavescausedbyanearthquakecantravelmuchfasterthanthetsunamithathasbeentriggered.Usingstandardunderwatermicrophones,wecanrecordthesesoundwaveslongbeforethetsunamiarrivesregardlessofthedirectioninwhichthetsunamiwilltravel.Thesoundsignalsefromchangesinpressure,sowhatweactuallyanalyzeisaseriesofdataonhowthepressureischangingovertime.Thoughbuoysalsoshowchangesinpressure,thetsunamifrontmustactuallyreachthebuoystoinformusthatthereisanincreaseinthewatersurface.Byusingunderwatermicrophones,however,weonlyneedtocatchthesoundsignals.Thoughtheideaofusingsoundwavestopredicttsunamishasbeenputforwardpreviously,thekeytoourideaisanewmathematicalmethodthatcanbeusedtoanalyzetheserecordedsoundsignalsinnearrealtime.Oncethisisworkedout,wecannotonlywarnpeopleofatsunamibutalsomoreaccuratelyestimateitssizelongbeforeitreachestheshoreline.28．FromParagraph1,weknow______.A．whatcantriggerofftsunamisB．howtopredicttsunamiseffectivelyC．whytsunamisaretheworstnaturaldisasterD．howtoprotectthecoastalareasfromtsunamis29．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”inParagraph2referto?A．Thedartbuoys. B．Thechangesinthesealevel.C．Thechangesinwaterpressure. D．Thepresentearlywarningsystems.30．WhatcanweinferaboutthenewwarningsystemfromParagraph3?A．Ithashighaccuracy. B．Itcanincreasewarningtime.C．Itcanmonitorchangeablesealevels. D．Itcanadapttovariouswaterwaveconditions.31．Inwhichcolumnofanewspapermaythepassageappear?A．SurvivalStories. B．DisasterRescue.C．ScientificInvention. D．NaturalEnvironment.DNaturaldisasterstakemanydifferentformsandcanhappenwithoutwarning.Earthquakes,floods,volcanoes,droughts,typhoons,andhurricanesareallnaturaldisasters.Theearthquakeof26December2004resultedinoneoftheworstnaturaldisastersinlivingmemory.Itwasamassive(大规模的)underwaterquakeandoccurredintheIndianOcean.ThiscausedahugetsunamitocrosstheIndianOcean.Itdestroyedcoastlinesandmunitiesandbroughtdeathanddestruction(破坏)tomanypeople.Thesurvivorsneededfreshwater,foodandshelteraswellasmedicalhelp.Peoplefromallovertheworldcollectmoneytohelpthem.ThesurfaceoftheEarthhasnotalwayslookedasitdoestoday;itismovingcontinuouslyalthoughveryslowlyandhasdonesoforbillionsofyears.Thisisonecauseofearthquakes,whenonesectionoftheEarthcrasheswithanother.Scientistscanpredict(预测)wherethismighthappenandtheareabetweenplatesiscalledafaultline.However,earthquakesdonotalwayshappenonfaultlines,whichiswhytheyaresodangerousandunpredictable.Allthedisastersareverydangerousandcontinuetokillthousandsofpeopleeachyear,buttheyarenowherenearthemostdangerousdisastertoeverhappenonearth.Onetypeofeventintheearth’shistoryhasregularlykilledmillionsofbeings:asteroidimpacts(小行星撞击).AboutonceeverymillionyearstheEarthishitbyapieceofrockandicefromspacelargeenoughtocausemassivedestruction(includingearthquakes,volcanoesandiceages)andsometimestokillentirespecies.Sixtyfivemillionyearsagomorethanhalftheearth’sspecieswerekilledbysuchadisaster,includingallthedinosaurs.DisastersontheEarthmayseemdangerous,butthebiggestthreattohumansislikelytoefromspace.32．WhatdidtheIndianOceanearthquakecause?A．Ahurricane. B．Atyphoon. C．Avolcaniceruption. D．Atsunami.33．Whatcanscientistspredictaboutearthquakes?A．Thepossibletime. B．Thepossibleplace.C．Thepossibledamage. D．Thepossiblefrequency.34．Wherewillthemostdangerousnaturaldisasterefromaccordingtotheauthor?A．Theocean. B．Thepoles.C．Outerspace. D．Deepunderthesurface.35．Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．HownaturaldisastershappenedB．WherenaturaldisastershappenedmostC．WhenpeopleshouldavoidnaturaldisastersD．Whatkindofnaturaldisastersaremostdestructive第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Personaldevelopmentisawayforapersontosetgoalsandimprovehislife.36Howshouldweproperlymakethoseplans?Andwhatshouldweknowwhencarryingouttheplans?Manypeopleagreethatthefirststeptodevelopingaproperpersonaldevelopmentplanistomakeanhonestselfevaluation(自我评价).Duringthistime,apersonshouldtrytogetabetterunderstandingofhimself.37Whenmakingselfdevelopmentplans,apersonshouldknoweverypersonaldevelopment

planisdifferent.Everyonehasdifferentabilitiesandwaystoachievethesegoals,anditisahighlypersonalprocess.38Achievingbiggoalshardlyeverhappensinashorttime.Itcantakeyearsorevenalifetimetohappen.Carryingoutselfdevelopmentplansrequiresefforts.Apersonmustbewillingtospendhis

timeandenergymakingselfdevelopmentplansworkproperly.39Soapersonhadbettergetthesupportofanypeoplewho’dliketoputinsomeeffortstohelphimfollowhispersonaldevelopmentplan.40Whenyoudoso,it’simportanttochooseoneyoufeelfortablewith,whocanhelpyoufollowyourpersonaldevelopmentplan.Bepatientbeforeyoufindtheperfectmatch.Afterall,acoachnotfitforyouwillmakeyoubothunhappy.Afteryouchoosealifecoachthatyoulike,bereadytoworkwithhim。A．Somemaysetshorttermgoals.B．Somepeoplemayprefertofindalifecoach.C．Doingitalonecanbeaverychallengingtask.D．Toreachpersonaldevelopmentrequiresplans.E．Itincludespersonalweakpoints,valuesandsoon.F．Peoplemayfailtofollowtheirpersonaldevelopmentplans.G．However,almosteveryselfdevelopmentplanrequirespatience.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihaveadegreeinbusiness.Butitwasmyfather’s41formetoseekabusinessmajor.Hethoughtthathavingabusinessmajorwould42memoreavailablechoicesandmakememorepetitiveinenteringagloballabormarket.I43hisadvice.However,eventhoughmycollegeexperienceswere44,Ihadnointerestinany45ofmerce(商业),letalonehavingalongtermcareerasabusinesswoman.AfterIgraduated,Iworkedasamarketingplannerataputerpany.My46andworkingenvironmentweregreat;yetI47didn’tfeelhappydoingsomethingthatheldlittleattractionforme.Aftertwomonthsofworkingthere,Imadeupmymindto48anddecidedtodowhatIlove,namely49history.Ihavenowbeendoingthisjobforovertwentyyears.Iamfondofbeingwithmystudents.Ifyouareina50whereyoudon’tlovewhatyouarelearningordoing,pleaseaskyourselfwhatyouarereally51byandwhatyoutrulywantforyourlife.Don’t52togetyourselfaquickanswer.Takesometimetothinkaboutwhatcareercouldbring53toyou.Ilikethismotto“Successisnotthekeytohappiness.54,happinessisthekeytosuccess.”Happiness55theinsideofyou,nottheoutside.Ifyoulovewhatyouaredoing,youwillbesuccessful.41．A．ambition B．task C．decision D．response42．A．ensure B．save C．leave D．pass43．A．argued B．valued C．took D．oppose44．A．fantastic B．awkward C．painful D．plain45．A．paper B．field C．college D．person46．A．view B．dream C．campus D．pay47．A．only B．still C．also D．even48．A．quit B．continue C．consider D．wait49．A．promoting B．writing C．teaching D．studying50．A．firm B．game C．story D．place51．A．anxious B．specific C．fascinated D．familiar52．A．rush B．panic C．intend D．stop53．A．love B．joy C．confidence D．knowledge54．A．Besides B．Meanwhile C．Therefore D．However55．A．appliesto B．spreadsto C．differsfrom D．esfrom第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Arecentsurveyhasfoundthatmanypeoplesufferfromsleepproblems.Someare56(able)tofallasleep,somewakeupinthemiddleofthenight,andothers57(simple)donotgetenoughsleep.Oneofthereasonswhypeoplefailtogetagoodnight’ssleep58(be)pressurefromschoolorwork.Noisepollutionandlightpollutioninbigcitiesmayalsocontribute59sleepproblems.In60shortterm,peoplewithsleepproblemsoftenfeeltiredandhavetroubleconcentrating.Inthelongterm,theymaybeatincreasedriskofhavingapoormemory,beingoverweightand61(suffer)aheartattack.Sleepproblemsareespeciallydangerousfor62(teenager).Theyarestillgrowingandnightisthetimewhen63(they)bodiesgrowfaster.Teenagers64donotsleepwellmayexperiencesituationswherebodydevelopmentslowsdown,andtheirhealthsuffers.So,ifyouhavetroublegettingagoodnight’ssleep,itmightbetime65(make)somechangesinyourlifestyle.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）你校将举办主题为“用英语讲述中国故事”的中外交流活动，请写一篇稿件，为外国朋友们介绍一位对社会做出过贡献的中国伟人，内容包括：1.人物基本情况介绍；2.人物成就及影响。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。ApersonIadmiremost___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Catherinewasthecoolestkidinherclass.Whenevershewent,shewasinthespotlight,withabunchofkidsfollowingheranddoingeverythingshedid.Herdeskmate,Landy,however,wasnotinthecoolkids’group.Beingthetallestkidinherclass,shewasteasedbyherclassmates,whowerealwayschanting“Landy,Landy,longasspaghetti(意大利面)”.EverytimeLandyheardthosesillychants,shecouldfeelherfaceburstintoflames.Godknewhowshewishedthegroundtocrackandswallowher!Catherinedidn’treallylikeitwhenthekidschanted“Landy,Landy,longasspaghetti”.Butshenevertoldthemtostopeither,andnordidsheevertalktoher.Shelikedbeingpopular.Oneweekend,CatherinewentovertohergrandfatherforThanksgiving.Hergrandfatherlivesonafarmattheoppositeendoftown,wherehekeepschickens.Whilehelpingtofeedthechickens,Catherinenoticedapeculiarone.Curlinginthecorner,itlookedsmallerthantheothersandwasalmosthalfbare!“What’sthematterwithit?”Sheaskedher