江苏省盐城市盐城八校2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题（原卷版）

2024~2025学年第一学期高三年级考试英语全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.请按题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡上把所选答案的标号涂黑；非选择题用黑色签字笔在答题卡上作答；字体工整，笔迹清楚。4.考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并上交。5.本卷主要考查内容：至拓展创新学程二。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Writerandreader.B.Doctorandpatient.C.Teacherandstudent.2.Whydoesthemanmakethephonecall?A.Toplaceanorder.B.Toapplyforajob.C.Tomakeacomplaint.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inapostoffice.C.Inaclassroom.4Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Anewstore.B.Italiandishes.C.Theirsupper.5.Whyhasthemancomeback?A.Tostudyhere.B.Totravelaround.C.Totakeajob.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatwillthespeakersdotogether?A.Havedinner.B.Attendaparty.C.Seeamovie.7.Whenwillthemanpickupthewoman?A.At5:00p.m.B.At6:30p.m.C.At7:00p.m.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.What'sthewoman'sjobinEngland?A.Importingwines.B.Buildinghouses.C.Guidingtravellers.9.Howdoesthewomanusuallygotowork?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Onfoot.10.Whatistheman'sattitudetowardhiswork?A.Negative.B.Favourable.C.Unclear.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WheredidMonicausuallyhaveherlunchinhighschool?A.Atschool.B.Athome.C.Inarestaurant.12.Whowouldbringlunchboxestoschool?A.Eric’sfriends.B.Monica'sfriends.C.Arthur'sfriends.13.HowlongdidArthurstayinschooleveryday?A.About5hours.B.About4hours.C.About2hours.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whendidthemanbuyhispresentcomputer?A.Twoyearsago.B.Fouryearsago.C.Tenyearsago.15.Whatdoesthemanmainlyusethecomputertodoatpresent?A.Playonlinegames.B.Collectinformation.C.Receivee-mails.16.Whatdoesthemanusuallybuyonline?A.Food.B.Clothes.C.Digitalproducts.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.WhydidEdwardswalk14mileseveryday?A.Tokeephealthy.B.Toloseweight.C.Togettowork.18.WhatgiftdidEdwardsreceivefromthecouple?A.Anicecream.B.Acar.C.Acomputer.19.HowdidEdwardsfeelaboutthecouple'shelp?A.Guilty.B.Moved.C.Embarrassed.20.WhatdidthecouplewishEdwardstodo?AGotocollege.B.Payforthegift.C.Offerhelptoothers.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhySubscribetoReader’sDigest?Theworld’sbest-lovedgeneral-interestpublicationcontainssomethingforeveryone.Reader’sDigestmagazineisburstingwithstories,articles,advice,recipes,reviews,tips,jokesandanecdotes.Eachissueissmallenoughtofitinyourhandbagorpocket,butbigenoughtokeepyouentertainedforweeksonend.Fromregularcolumnspackedwithinformationtogripping(扣人心弦的)human-intereststoriesandhelpfulhow-tos,ourmagazineoffersknowledge,positivityandhumour.Inthismonth’sissueyou’llfind...AninterviewwithHughDancyThenewestadditiontothecastofDowntonAbbeyonNewYork,Law&Order,andthenostalgia(怀旧)ofplayinganEnglishgentleman.SavingthesoundoftheStradivaiusMeettheexpertsfightingtosavetheunbeatablesoundofhistory’sgreatestviolins,meetingtheloveofherlife.CommunityPowerAcrosstheUK,communitiesarecomingtogethertosavetheirpubs,shops,andmore.IfGraceDentruledtheworldTherestaurantcriticshareshermanifesto(宣言)forworlddomination.SUBSCRIBETODAYFROMASLITTLEAS£22.99Ourbestpriceyet—It’sonly£22.99forafullone-yearsubscription—ASavingofover50%OFFtheusual£47.88retailprice—andwhat’smore,wewilldeliveritdirecttoyourdoorforfree!Ifyoudon’twanttocommittoafullyear,wehavetheperfecttasterpackage.TRIALNOWwith3IssuesforONLY£3!Plus,makesureyoualwayskeepuptodatewithallofthetopstories,newsandpromotionsfromReader’sDigestbysubscribingtoourweeklynewsletter.1.Ifreaderswanttoknowaboutanactor,whichoneshouldtheyread?A.IfGraceDentruledtheworld. B.CommunityPower.C.SavingthesoundoftheStradivaius. D.AninterviewwithHughDancy.2Howmuchwillyousaveifyoutakeoutafullone-yearsubscriptiontoday?A.£3. B.£22.99. C.£24.89. D.£47.88.3.Whatkindofwritingisthepassage?A.Anintroduction. B.Apartofafiction.C.Aresearchreport. D.Anadvertisement.BForthe70percentoftheworld'spopulationwithoutanychanceofusingelectricwashingmachines,keepingupwithlaundrytakesupalotoftime.Anditisoftenapainfulphysicaltask.Thetaskfallsunreasonablytowomenandgirls,whocanspend20hoursaweekwashingclothes,oftenwithoutelectricityorrunningwater.LondonengineerNavjotSawhney,however,hascomeupwithanidea:aportableandlightweightwashingmachinethatissimilartoaplasticdrum.Italsodoesdoubledutyasadryer,andcostsaround$60.31-year-oldSawhneycallsittheDivya,afterthewomanwhoinspiredtheproject—hisformernext-doorneighbourinSouthIndia,wherehespentayearvolunteeringafterleavinghisjobasanengineerathigh-endvacuum(真空吸尘器)makerDyson.“WhenIgottoknowDivya,Iwassosadaboutalltheunpaidworksheneededtodo—cleaningclothes,”saysSawhney.In2018,hereturnedtotheUnitedKingdomtofound“TheWashingMachineProject”,whichisdevelopingawashingsolutionthatwillbeaffordable,portableandaccessibleforeveryone,everywhere.Afterafewmonthsofdevelopingamodel,hereceivedsomemoneyfromOxfam'sIraqResponseInnovationLab.SinceMarch2019,morethan150DivyashavebeengivenouttorefugeesinIraqthroughnon-profitpartners.“Theresponsewasgreat,”Sawhneysays.Hisgoalistodeliver8,000machinesin10countriesoverthenextthreeyears.Bysaving75percentofthetimeand50percentofthewaterrequiredtowashclothes,hesays,womenandgirlswillbefreertoaccepteducation.AsidefromtheDivya,Sawhneyhasalsoworkedonmakingfuel-efficientcookstoves,andplanstodeveloprefrigerators,conditioners,andlighting.Sawhneyseestheworld'sgrowingrefugeecrisisasacallforinnovation:“Thereisahugeneedforappliancesthatmakelifebetterforpeople.”4.WhatdidNavjotSawhneydotohelpthewomeninIndia?A.Hevolunteeredtowashclothesforthem.B.Heprovidedthemwithfreeaccesstoeducation.C.Hecalledonpeopleinhiscommunitytodonateclothes.D.Heworkedoutasolutionbyinventingawashingmachine.5.WhatinspiredNavjotSawhneytofoundtheproject?A.Hisneighbour'sexperience. B.HispreviousworkinDyson.C.Thesupportofasciencelab. D.TherequestofrefugeesinIraq.6.WhatcanweinferabouttheprojectinParagraph3?A.Itishighlypraised. B.Itfocusesoneducation.C.Ithascreatedmanyjobs. D.Ithasearnedalotofmoney.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeNavjotSawhney?A.Selflessandhonest. B.Helpfulandserious.C.Caringandcreative. D.Thoughtfulandstrict.COurbrainshavean“auto-correct”featurethatweusewhenre-interpretingambiguous(含混不清的)sounds,accordingtonewresearch.Thestudyshedslightonhowthebrainusesinformationgatheredafterthediscoveringofaninitialsoundtoaidspeechcomprehension.Thefindingspointtonewwaysweuseinformationandcontexttoaidinspeechcomprehension.“Whatapersonthinkstheyheardoesnotalwaysmatchtheactualsignalsthatreachtheear,”explainsleadauthorLauraGwilliams.“Thisisbecausethebrainre-evaluatestheinterpretationofaspeechsoundatthemomenteachfollowingspeechsoundisheardinordertoupdateinterpretationsasnecessary,”Gwilliamssays.It’swellknownthattheperceptionofaspeechsoundisdeterminedbyitssurroundingcontext—intheformofwords,sentencesandotherspeechsounds.Thisplaysoutineverydaylife—whenwetalk,theactualspeechweproduceisoftenambiguous.Forexample,whenafriendsaysshehasa“dent(凹痕)”inhercar,youmayhear“tent”.Althoughthiskindofambiguityhappensregularly,we,aslisteners,arehardlyawareofit.“Thisisbecausethebrainautomaticallyresolvestheambiguityforus—itpicksaninterpretationandthat’swhatweperceivetohear,”explainsGwilliams.“Thewaythebraindoesthisisbyusingthesurroundingcontexttonarrowdownthepossibilitiesofwhatthespeakermaymean.”Inthestudy,theresearcherssoughttounderstandhowthebrainusesthisfollowinginformationtoadjustourperceptionofwhatweinitiallyheard.Todothis,theyconductedaseriesofexperimentsinwhichthesubjectslistenedtoisolatedsyllablesandsimilarlysoundingwords.Theirresultsproducedthreeprimaryfindings:Thebrain’sprimaryauditorycortex(听觉皮层)issensitivetohowambiguousaspeechsoundisatjust50millisecondsafterthesound’sappearance.Thebrain“replays”previousspeechsoundswhileinterpretingthefollowingones,suggestingre-evaluationastherestofthewordunfolds.Thebrainmakescommitmentstoits“bestguess”ofhowtointerpretthesignalafterabouthalfasecond.8.Whatisthestudymainlyabout?A.Whysomepeopleprocessinformationfaster. B.Howbrainstellapartusefulinformation.C.Howbrainsunderstandunclearwords. D.Whypeoplemakeunclearsounds.9.WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbygivingtheexampleinParagraph3?A.Peoplearelikelytomistakeawordforsomethingfamiliar.B.Peoplecanunderstandotherseveniftheymishearaword.C.Peoplearemorelikelytomisheartheirfriends.D.Itisnormalforpeopletomakeunclearsounds.10.Whatdoweknowabouttheunclearwordsintheexperiments?ATheystoppedusthinkingfurther. B.Theyledtomisunderstanding.C.Theywerenoticedinstantly. D.Theyseemedtobeuseless.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thesignal”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Thefollowingspeechsound. B.Theunclearlysoundingword.C.Thesimilarlysoundingword. D.Theisolatedsyllable.DOnInaccessibleIsland,youhearthesoundoftheInaccessibleIslandrails(秧鸡)everywhere.Thesmallflightlessbirdsmovearound,feedingonwormsandberries.Duringatripin2011,ittookdaysforStervander,thenadoctoralstudent,tospotone.“Eventhen,youseesomethinglittleanddark,runningforasecond,andthat’saboutit,”hesays.Catchingone,though,provedeasy.Whenscientistsplayedarecordingofthebird’scall,amaleandfemaleranintothenetafewminuteslater.InaccessibleIslandrailsliveonlyonInaccessibleIsland.“Nooneknewthehistory,”saysStervander,nowaresearchfellowattheUniversityofOregon.Heaimedtoanswerthequestionaboutthesebirds:HowdidtheygettoInaccessibleIslandtobeginwith?ThefirstscientisttodescribetherailwasPercyLowe.HethoughtthebirdwasfromAfricaandhadalwaysbeenflightless.Inhisview,ithadarrivedattheislandbywalkingoverlandbridges.Butnowthescienceofplatetectonics(板块构造论)suggeststhat’snotthecase.Inarecentpaper,Stervanderandhiscolleaguesgiveevidenceforadifferentversion.Afterstudyingthegenome(基因组)oftherails,scientistsfoundtheInaccessibleIslandrail’sclosestrelative—thecrakeinUruguay.BothbirdsarerelatedtotheblackrailinAmerica.Thefindingsuggeststheancestorsofthesebirdscouldfly.ThatmeansInaccessibleIslandrailsflewtotheirpresenthome,andlikemanybirdslivingonislandswithnopredators(捕食者),theygraduallylosttheabilitytofly.Flyingtakesenergy,soifthere’snoreasontofly,it’smorepracticalnotto.Onthisisland,there’sagrowingpopulationofrails,butthey’refragile.Shouldapredatorreachtheisland,itcouldmakequickworkofthebirds.PeopleonnearbyislandsarecarefultoavoidintroducinganypredatorstoInaccessibleIsland,andtheriskislow,givenhowharditistogetthere.Fornow,therailslivepeacefullyinaplacewherefewhumansareeagertogo.12.WhatcanwelearnabouttheInaccessibleIslandrails?A.Theyarehardtotrap. B.Theycanbeseeneverywhere.C.Theymovearoundquickly. D.Theyarenotafraidofhumans.13.WhatcausedtheInaccessibleIslandrailstobecomeflightless?A.Theirlackofenergy. B.Theirlivingenvironment.C.Theirwaytosearchforfood. D.Theirconnectionwiththeirancestors.14.WhichbestdescribesthepresentsituationoftheInaccessibleIslandrails?A.Safe. B.Tough. C.Unexpected. D.Dangerous.15.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDevelopmentofRailsonInaccessibleIslandB.TheNeedtoProtectFlightlessInaccessibleIslandRailsC.HowDidtheFlightlessBirdGettoInaccessibleIsland?D.WhyareInaccessibleIslandRailsLimitedontheIsland?第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Arewormstheheroeswedidn’tknowweneeded?Silent,slimyandwriggling(扭动),youmightthinkthatwormsaregoodfornothingexceptbait(诱饵)ontheendofafishingpole.____16____TheBritishnaturalistCharlesDarwinsaidthatnootheranimalhas“playedsuchanimportantpartinthehistoryoftheworldastheselowlyorganisedcreatures”.TheyhavelivedonEarthfor600millionyearsandhaveevensurvivedfivemassextinctions.____17____Earthwormsliterallymovetheearthandthisiswhyfarmerslovethem.Astheytravel,theyaerate(使透气)thesoilbyloosening,mixingandoxygenatingit.____18____Theyareeffectivelyasmallbutveryefficientplough(犁).Butit’snotjustearthwormsthatdeservepraise.In2022,agroupofscientistsattheMargaritaSalasCentreforBiologicalResearchisolatedenzymes(酶)foundinwaxwormsaliva(唾液)whichareplastic-eating._____19_____It’shopedthatbyproducingtheseenzymesonanindustry-levelscale,wewillhaveamoreenvironmentallyfriendlywaytoreduceplasticpollution._____20_____Bloodwormsaresmallseacreatureswhichpressthemselvesintothemudoftheoceanfloor.ScientistsattheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbarahavebeenstudyingtheirjaws,whicharemadeupof10%copperproteins(铜蛋白)andaresostrongthattheylasttheworm’sentirefive-yearlifespan.Becauseofthisresearch,engineersmaystartusingthejawsasinspirationforthedesignandmanufactureofmaterialslikeconcrete.So,nexttimeyouseeaworm,showitalittlerespect.Theyreallyarechangingtheworld!A.So,whatdowormsdothatissogreat?B.Wormshavealifespanofafewmonths.C.Andwormsareeveninspiringthebuildingindustry.D.Itincreasestheground’scapacitytoholdandemptywater.E.However,thereismoretothehumblewormthanmeetstheeye.F.Humansproducemorethan300milliontonsofplasticeveryyear.G.Thesecanbreakdownaverycommonplasticthatnormallybreaksdownovermanyyears.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Afewmonthsago,Iwasdownwithaterriblecoldwhichendedinabadcough.NomatterhowmanydifferentmedicinesItried,I___21___couldn’tgetridofthecough.Notonlydidit___22___myteachingbutalsomylifeasawhole.Thenonedayafterclass,astudentcameuptomeand___23___traditionalChinesemedicine.Fromherdescription,Chinesemedicinesoundedasifithadmagicpowerthat___24___.Iwas___25___becauseIknewsolittleaboutitandhavenevertrieditbefore.___26___,mycoughgotsomuchworsethatIcouldn’tsleepatnight,soIdecidedtogiveita___27___.TheChinesedoctortookmypulseandaskedtoseemytongue,bothofwhichwerenewexperiencetomebecausetheyareboth___28___inWesternmedicine,wherediagnosisreliesheavilyon___29___.Thenthedoctorgavemeascraping(刮)treatmentknownas“GuaSha”.Iwasalittle___30___atfirstbecauseheusedasmoothedgedtooltoscrapetheskinonmyneckandshoulders.Afewminuteslater,thetreatmentstartedtoproducea___31___effectandmybodyandmindbegantosinkdeeperinto___32___.Ididn’tfeelanyimprovementinmy___33___inthefirstcoupleofdays,butafterafewmoreregularvisitstothedoctor,mycoughstartedto___34___.Thenwithinamatterofweeks,itwascompletely___35___!21.A.still B.even C.currently D.certainly22.A.facilitate B.benefit C.inconvenience D.change23.A.recommended B.sold C.prescribed D.adopted24.A.settrends B.broughtrewards C.changedrules D.workedwonders25.A.excited B.hesitant C.optimistic D.nervous26.A.Consequently B.Eventually C.Admittedly D.Surprisingly27.A.break B.look C.shot D.miss28.A.frequently-used B.nonexistent C.highly-recommended D.noneffective29.A.doctors B.hospitals C.symptoms D.machines30.A.unsatisfied B.tired C.disappointed D.scared31.A.relieving B.damaging C.stimulating D.cooling32.A.relaxation B.pain C.uneasiness D.depression33.A.capability B.strength C.condition D.circumstance34.A.worsen B.lessen C.lengthen D.quicken35.A.unexpected B.fine C.different D.gone第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Spendingtimeinthegreatoutdoorsisafull-onsensoryexperiencewithendlessskies,beautifulforests,thesoundsofthewindandthewarmfeelingofsunrays_____36_____(rest)onyourface.Inadditiontonature’s_____37_____(enjoy)sights,soundsandsensations,thefamiliarsmellsofnaturecanbejustasappealing.Infact,arecentstudyfoundthatnaturedoesn’tjustsmellgood,butitsfragrancesmakepeoplefeelgoodaswell.TheresearchersfromtheUniversityofKentintheUK_____38_____(send)194participantstorelaxinthewoodlandsthroughoutthefourseasons.Theparticipantsreportedfeelingrelaxedwhentheysmelled_____39_____theydescribedas“freshair”or“earthy”smells.Accordingtothestudy,thesesmellsbroughtbackfunmemoriesoftheirchildhoods.____40____instance,pinetreesmadesomeparticipantsthinkaboutChristmas.“Wefoundthatsmellsaffectedmultiplefieldsofwell-beingwithphysicalwell-beingdiscussedmost_____41_____(frequent),particularlyinrelationtorelaxation,comfortandrejuvenation(恢复活力),”wrotetheresearchersinthestudy.Theyalsofoundthatpeoplefeelmoresettledinasmell-freezone,withthisresultpossibly_____42_____(link)totheabsenceofbad-smellingurbansmells,likepollution.DrJessicaFisher,studyco-author,pointedouttheseresultscould_____43_____(apply)infuturepractice.Inhisopinion,when_____44_____comestoenjoyingahikeinthewoodsorapicnicundertheopenskies,itpays_____45_____(keep)notonlyone’seyesandears,butalsoone’snose,open.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，你校广播站将增加15分钟的英语节目(SpecialEnglish)。请你给负责的外教Bob写一个邮件，内容包括：1.对该举措的态度；2.对内容的建议。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearBob,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。JackieOelfke,aretiredbankmanager.paysgreatattentiontodevelopingchildren’sindependentfinancialawarenessfromanearlyage.Sheboughtapiggybank(存钱罐)foreverychild.Sheevenpassedonthegoodtraditiontohergranddaughter.SunshineOelfke.WhenSunshinewasjustborn,JackieOelfkeboughtheralargepiggybank.Theyusedthepiggybankasatoy.Later,whenSunshinegrewolder,theywouldpouroutcoinsandplaygames.Whentheyhadsmallchange,theytookthecoinsbackandputtheminthemoneystoragetank.enjoyingittirelessly.Whattheylackisnotmoney,butagoodhabit.Thelittlegirlhasalwaysbelievedinthisconcept:evenifyouarerich,youshouldbecarefulwithyourmoney.Twoweeksago,the7-year-oldgirlemptiedherpiggybankontothelivingroomfloorafterschoolandimmediatelysta