广东省阳江市高新区高一上学期1月期末英语试题（原卷版）

20232024学年度第一学期高一期末监测题英语本试卷共10页。考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项:1.答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写,字体工整、笔迹清楚。3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4.作图可先使用铅笔画出,确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5.保持卡面清洁,不要折叠,不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABEIJING—ChinesePresidentXiJinpingannouncedthatChinawilllaunchtheGlobalArtificialIntelligence(AI)GovernanceInitiative,whichpresentsaconstructiveapproachtoaddressinguniversalconcernsoverAIdevelopmentandgovernanceanddrewupblueprintsforrelevantinternationaldiscussionsandrulemaking,aforeignministryspokespersonsaidonWednesday.XimadetheannouncementinhiskeynotespeechattheopeningceremonyofthethirdBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation(BRF)inBeijingonWednesday.“ItispartofChina’sactiveefforttoadvancethevisionofamunitywithasharedfutureformankindandtheGlobalDevelopmentInitiative,theGlobalSecurityInitiativeandtheGlobalCivilizationInitiative,”thespokespersonsaid.AIisanewfrontierofhumandevelopment,anditeswithmajoropportunitiesandhardtopredictrisksandchallengesthatrequireglobalresponse,thespokespersonsaid.ThespokespersonsaidtheInitiativesystematicallyoutlinesChina’sproposalsonAIgovernancefromthreeaspects,namely,thedevelopment,securityandgovernanceofAI.ThecoreponentsoftheInitiativeare:WeshouldupholdapeoplecenteredapproachindevelopingAIandadheretotheprincipleofdevelopingAIforthegoodofhumanity,sothatAIisdevelopedinawaythatisbeneficialtohumanprogress;Weshouldupholdtheprinciplesofmutualrespect,equalityandmutualbenefitinAIdevelopment,andopposedrawingideologicallinesorformingexclusivegroupstoobstructothercountriesfromdevelopingAI;WeshouldpromotetheestablishmentofatestingandassessmentsystembasedonAIrisklevels,soastomakeAItechnologiesmoresecure,reliable,controllableandequitable;WesupporteffortstodevelopAIgovernanceframeworks,normsandstandardsbasedonbroadconsensusandwithfullrespectforpoliciesandpracticesamongcountries,andsupportdiscussionswithintheUnitedNationsframeworktoestablishaninternationalinstitutiontogovernAI;Effortsshouldbemadetoconductinternationalcooperationwithandprovideassistancetodevelopingcountries,tobridgethegapinAIanditsgovernancecapacity.“ChinastandsreadytohaveexchangesandpracticalcooperationwithallsidesonglobalAIgovernanceanddeliverbenefitforallhumanbeingsthroughAItechnology,”thespokespersonadded.1.WhatannouncementwasmadeaccordingtoParagraph1?A.RulesaboutAIcontrolinChina.B.AinitiativeaboutgoverningAIglobally.C.UniversalconcernsaboutAIdevelopment.D.DomesticplansforAIrulemaking.2.Wecanlearnfromthespokesmanthat__________.A.AIdevelopmentneedsglobalconcernsB.ChinahasmadeeveryefforttodevelopAIC.TheinitiativewaslaunchedrelatedtofouraspectsD.AIshouldadvancebasedontheneedsofrobots3.What’sChina’sattitudetowardsAIdevelopmentaccordingtothetext?A.Supportiveifit’sforhumankind.B.Indifferentifit’sforsomepeople’sbenefit.C.Disapprovedifitisnotforeducation.D.Neutralwhateveritis.BIwascuttinguplettuce(生菜)inthekitchenwhenIsuddenlyrememberedwatchingavideoaboutputtingthelettucestub(残余部分)inwatertogrowawholenewvegetable.SoItookoutawidemouthedmug(大杯)andplacedthestubintoitgaveitalittlewater,andplaceditbythewindow.Onasnowymorning,Inoticedthefirstsign.Afirstsmallleaffromitsheartspreadout.Atinygreenflagofhope.Beaten,butnotdefeated.Withindays,itwasimpossibletoseethecutswhereIhadremovedtheleaves.Thegrowthwasexplosive.AndwhenIliftedtheblossomingheadoutofthemug,tinyrootthreadsfelldown,seekingfortheearth.Whatisgrowinghere?Lettuceorhope?IfIwerealettuceinasimilarcondition,I’dwanttodoubtfullyassesswhereIfoundmyselfbeforebeingdevotedtofullgrowth.Yetforthislettuce,myinadequateofferingofwaterandaplacebyawindowwasenoughforittodecidetoreclaimitselfagain.Itgrewinamugofwater,infaith.Thisistheheartofthislettuce:alive,strongandfearless.Itdeservedaname.IdecidedtocallitMonty.Montywantedtogrow,aswealldo.IthinkIgavehimalittleloveandfreedom.Thosetwoingredientswereallheneededtoreturntohimself.Iseejoyinthislettuce.Thereturntoselfisalwaysanexpressionofjoy,whichislifeitself.Withtherightingredients,thisisthetendencyofalllivingthings.Montystilllivesinamug,butI’mgoingtotransplanthimoutside.Hedeservestobeehisfullself.TheonlyproblemIseenowismycapacitytosupportMonty.IhopeIhaveenoughofagreenfinger.I’msurprisedtofindmyselfwhereIam.MaybeMontyis,too.Ihavethesamechoiceashedoes:givein,orstartagain.Theprospectofstartingagainisdiscouraging.Butmylettucefriend,Monty,leadstheway.Icanonlyhopetobeasbrave.4.Whydidtheauthorputthestubinwater?A.Tohopethatitwouldgrow. B.Todecoratethenicemug.C.Toplayagame. D.Toremovehisbadmood.5.Whatisthefirstsignoflifeintheauthor’seyes?A.Theremainingstub. B.Thesmallleaf.C.Thedisappearingcuts. D.Thetinyrootthreads.6.Howwouldtheauthorfeelifinthelettuce’ssituation?A.Hesitant. B.Fearless. C.Confident. D.Annoyed.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Enjoyyourownlifetothefullest B.BelieveinyourselfwhenintroubleC.Neverbeafraidtorestartyourself D.GivefreedomtotheheartinawayCAntibiotics,whichcandestroyorpreventthegrowthofbacteriaandcureinfections,arevitaltomodernmedicine.Theirabilitytokillbacteriawithoutharmingthepatienthassavedbillionsoflivesandmadesurgicalproceduresmuchsafer.Butafterdecadesofoveruse,theirpowersarefading.Somebacteriahaveevolvedresistance,creatingagrowingarmyofsuperbugs,againstwhichthereislittleeffectivetreatment.Antimicrobial(抗菌的)resistance,expectedtokill10millionpeopleayearby2050upfromaround1millionin2019,hasbeenseenasacrisisbymany.Itwouldbeunwisetorelyonnewantibioticstosolvetheproblem.Therateatwhichresistanceemergesisincreasing.Somenewdrugslastonlytwoyearsbeforebacteriadevelopresistance.Whennewantibioticsdoarrive,doctorsoftenstorethem,usingthemonlyreluctantlyandforshortperiodswhenfacedwiththemostpersistentinfections.Thatlimitssales,makingnewantibioticsanunappealingideaformostdrugfirms.Governmentshavebeentryingtofixtheproblembychannelingcashintoresearchindrugfirms.Thathasproducedonlylimitedimprovements.Butthereisaphenomenonworthalook.Microbiologistshaveknownfordecadesthatdiseasecausingbacteriacansufferfromillnessesoftheirown.Theyaresupersensitivetoattacksbyphages,specializedvirusesthatinfectbacteriaandoftenkillthem.Phagesareconsideredapromisingalternativetoantibiotics.Usingonediseasecausingvirustofightbacteriahasseveraladvantages.Likeantibiotics,phagesonlytendtochooseparticulartargets,leavinghumancellsaloneastheyinfectanddestroybacterialones.Unlikeantibiotics,phagescanevolvejustasreadilyasbacteriacan,meaningthatevenifbacteriadodevelopresistance,phagesmaybeabletoevolvearoundtheminturn.That,atleast,isthetheory.Thetroublewithphagesisthatparativelylittleisknownaboutthem.Afterthediscoveryofpenicillin,thefirstantibiotic,in1928,theywerelargelyignoredintheWest.Giventheseverityoftheantibioticresistanceproblem,itwouldbeagoodideatofindoutmoreaboutthem.Thefirststepistorunmoreclinicaltrials.InterestfromWesternfirmsisgrowing.Butitisbeingheldbackbythefactthatphagesareanevenlessappealinginvestmentthanantibiotics.Sincetheyarenaturallivingthings,theremaybetroublepatentingthem,makingithardtorecoveranyinvestment.Governmentscanhelpfundbasicresearchintophagetreatmentandclarifythelawaroundexactlywhatisandisnotpatentable.Intimetheycansetupphagebankssoastomakeproductioncheaper.Andtheycanspreadawarenessoftherisksofoverusingantibiotics,andthepotentialbenefitsofphages.8.Wecanlearnfromparagraphs1and2that.A.doctorstendtousenewantibioticswhenthepatientsaskforthemB.antimicrobialresistanceisdevelopingmorerapidlythanpredictedC.newantibioticsfailtoattractdrugfirmsduetolimiteduseofthemD.previousantibioticsareeffectiveinsolvingmodernhealthproblems9.Whatisphages’advantageoverantibiotics?A.Theycanincreasehumancellswhenfightingbacteria.B.Theyarenotparticularaboutwhichcellstoinfectandkill.C.Theycanevolveaccordinglywhenbacteriadevelopresistance.D.Theyaretoosensitivetobeinfectedbydiseasecausingbacteria.10.Accordingtothepassage,theobstacletophagetreatmentisthat.A.thereislittlechanceofpatentingphagesinthefutureB.governmentsprovidefinancialsupportforotherresearchC.theemergenceofsuperbugsholdsbackdrugfirms’interestD.overdependenceonantibioticsdistractsattentionfromphages11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Governmentsfailtostoptheuseofantibiotics.B.Phagescouldhelppreventanantibioticscrisis.C.Developmentofantibioticsislimitedbyphages.D.Antimicrobialresistancecallsfornewantibiotics.DTonallanguagesusepitch(音调)todistinguishwordsthatotherwisemightsoundthesame.InMandarin,forinstance,mămeanshorsewhereasmãmeansmother.NontonallanguageslikeSpanishsometimesincludepitchchangestosuggestemotion,forexample,butnottochangeaword’smeaning.AsaMandarinspeakerandmusician,JingxuanLiuwonderedaboutthecrossover(融合)betweenlanguageandmusic.WhilestudyingatDukeUniversity,Liuhelpedanalyzethemusicalabilitiesofnearlyhalfamillionpeoplefrom203countries.Hercolleagueshadlaunchedanonlinegameinwhichparticipantspletedseveralmusicaltasks,includingidentifyingmatchingmelodiesatdifferentpitchesandfindingbeattracksthatfitsongs’rhythms.Onaverage,nativespeakersofthe19representedtonallanguageswerebetteratthemelodytaskparedwithspeakersof29nontonallanguages.Andtheeffectwasn’tsmallatonalfirstlanguagestrengthenedmelodicunderstandingbyabouthalftheamountthatmusiclessonsdid,whichwasalsosurveyed.Buttonallanguagesspeakerstendedtobeworseattherhythmtask.Humansmustbechoosyaboutwhattheypayattentionto.Pitchpatternsarequiteimportantintonallanguages,whichmightexplainthebalancingactinmusic.“You’vegotafiniteresourceofattention,andyou’vegottodivideupthatsomehow,”saysstudycoauthorCourtneyHilton,ascientistattheUniversityofAucklandinNewZealand.Priorresearchonlanguageandmusicoftenparedjusttwotongues,usuallyEnglishandMandarin.Butotherculturalinfluences,suchasEasternandWesternmusicstyles,couldhaveaffectedresults.Byexaminingawiderangeofpeople,thenewstudyincludedlanguagesneverestimatedinthiswayandreachedmoregeneralizableconclusion.“Ourresulthereisshowingthatthelanguagesomeonespeakswhichisanimportantpartofculture—alsoshapescognition,”Hiltonsays.12.WhydidLiu’scolleagueslaunchtheonlinegame?A.Toattractmorestudentstodotheresearch.B.Tolearnaboutdifferentpeople’smusicalabilities.C.Toconfirmtheroleofmusicinpeople’slanguagelearning.D.Tofindthedifferencebetweentonallanguagesandnontonalones.13.Whatwerenativespeakersoftonallanguagesbetteratthanthoseofnontonallanguages?A.Findingbeattracks. B.Suggestingemotion.C.Distinguishingwordmeanings. D.Figuringoutmatchingmelodies.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“finite”inparagraph4mean?A.Valued. B.Limited. C.Special. D.Potential.15.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLiu’sstudy?A.Groundbreaking. B.Brainwashing. C.Inefficient. D.Unreliable.第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。LifelonglearningandtheFutureofWork:ChallengesandOpportunitiesOurworldisundergoingdramaticandtransformativechangetechnological,organizational,andclimaticpresentingnewchallengestothefutureofwork.Theseglobaltrendsarehavingasignificantimpactonskills.____16____.Thatisbecauseskillsacquiredtodaymayquicklybeeobsolete(淘汰的).TheconceptoflifelonglearninghasbeenaroundfordecadesandtheILO(InternationalLabourOrganization)hasadoptednumerousnormativeinstrumentsandpoliciesrelatedtolifelonglearning.____17____.Intheolddays,wecouldsaylet’sgotoschool,getqualifiedforajob,enterthelabourmarketandthat’sthejoboflearningdone.Now,peopleneedtolearnhowtolearnbecauselearningisgoingtobeafeatureofthetransitionstheyaregoingtogothroughthroughouttheirlives.Lifelonglearningaffectsusall.____18____,fromearlychildhoodandbasiceducationtoadultlearningandupskillingtotakeadvantageofchange.Itisaglobalconceptapplyingtodevelopedanddevelopingeconomies.Anditrequirestheactiveengagementandsupportofgovernments,employersandworkers.____19____?There’snoonesizefitsallstrategy.Buttherearethingswecando.Developfoundationalandcoreworkskills.Improvevocationalguidanceandlabourmarketdata.Recognizebothformalandinformalskillslearning.Improvecoordinationandensureequitable(公平的)accesstolearning.Ultimately,lifelonglearningisthekeyforpeopletobeabletobenefitfromnewwaysofworking.____20____.A.DoIneedtobeactiveinlifelonglearningB.Manyoftoday’sskillswon’tmatchtomorrow’sjobsC.HowdoweadaptlifelonglearningtoournewrealityD.ItiscentraltomanagingthetransitionswefaceoverthelifecycleE.AnditwilllightthepathonourjourneytoabrighterfutureatworkF.ItiseasytosaythatpeopleneedtokeeplearningthroughouttheircareersG.Butthetransformativechangehappeningnowisreshapingitsdefinitionsandgivingitnewimportance第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Thecallersaidshewasintroubleandthathecouldhelp.Mom____21____itandlostthousandsofdollars.Ittookusmonthstorecoverhermoneyandher____22____.OneAprilmorningmymother’sphonerang.Themanthatgreetedhersounded____23____“Someonehas___24___toyourbankaccountsandcantakeallyourmoney.”Thewarmvoicewasexactlywhatshebadly____25____duringherisolationfromthemunityduetoCOVID19.Themansaidheneededinformationtoensurethemoneywassafeandshetriedtofollowhis____26____thoughherbraininjurymadeitratherhard.Heexplainedslowlywhattodoandhourslater,shesaidshehadtorelieveherself.“OK,butStayontheline____27____wewillloseourprogress.”Thenshe____28____thephoneontheshelfinthebathroom.Suddenlythephonebuzzedwithatextitwasmyfather,checkingin.Shetypedbacktherewasaproblem,butshewas____29____it.Thenshe____30____outherworn,printedoutpacketofpasswordsfromapileofbooksandenteredthem.MyMomthoughtshehadlaboredforhoursprotectingherfamily.____31____,thescammer(诈骗犯)hadtakenawayherpersonalinformationandmoney.Afterlearningthetruth,mymothersoughtto____32____theconversationswiththescammerbutjustsaid,“Ican’tremember.Idon’tknowwhattodo.Thiswassostupid.”Itrieddifferentmeansand____33____gotthemoneyback.Wedidn’tblameherastheinternalshamemymomfeltcouldturnintosomethingmore____34____depressionandevensuicide.Theotherdaymydadmentioned,“Youknow,anotherscammercalledyourmama.Shedidtherightthing,though.Shehunguponhimandcalledme.”MymomwassmilingatmeandIknewshewas____35____.21.A.brokeoff B.tookin C.referredto D.fellfor22.A.guilt B.dignity C.awareness D.memory23.A.angry B.concerned C.incredible D.doubtful24.A.access B.relation C.approaches D.entrances25.A.denied B.requested C.missed D.ignored26.A.movements B.footsteps C.inquiries D.instructions27.A.so B.and C.while D.or28.A.passed B.parked C.posed D.paused29.A.following B.challenging C.fixing D.finishing30.A.dug B.figured C.worked D.left31.A.Hence B.Instead C.Moreover D.Afterwards32.A.recall B.remind C.memorize D.maintain33.A.initially B.particularly C.eventually D.obviously34.A.mon B.reasonable C.tolerable D.damaging35A.off B.down C.back D.away第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DuringtheHangzhou2023AsianGames,athletesfromaroundtheworldhavebeenexploringacupuncture(针灸),____36____ponentofTraditionalChineseMedicine(TCM).ThispracticehasbeenanimportantpartofChinesehealthcaresystemforcenturies.TCMwhichincludesacupuncture,herbaltherapy,massage,TaiChi,andQigong____37____(remain)anessentialponentofChina’smedicalsystem,gainingincreasing____38____(recognize)onaglobalscale.NotonlyisitpopularamongtheChinesepopulation,butitisalsogaininginterestinWesternsocieties,____39____hasledtoincreasedinvestmentsinprofessionalTCMservices.WhileChinaplacessignificantemphasisontheintegrationofTCMwithmodernbiomedicine,itisalsobeingmorepopularworldwide.Althoughsomemedicalprofessionalsare____40____(doubt)aboutthefarreachingeffectsofTCM,thepractice____41____(accept)asafundamentalaspectofglobalhealthcaretodate.TCMhasbeenrecognizedforthepotentialbenefits,particularlywhen____42____(use)alongsidewithmodernmedicine,whichhasresultedinitsincreasingintegrationintomodernhealthcaresystems.____43____itsancientChineseorigins,TCM’sprinciplesandpracticeshaveaglobalinfluencecurrently,withexperts____44____(offer)theirspecialskillsacrosstheworld.AsresearchintoTCMcontinuestoadvanceandmoreindividualsembraceitfor_____45_____theirhealthcareneeds,thefieldisdefinitetogrow.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假设你是李华，你的美国笔友David最近给你发邮件说他喜欢上了一个机器人，他觉得这是不合伦理的，但是他控制不住自己，他很苦恼，不知道怎么办，因此给你写邮件寻求帮助，请你给他一些建议，回邮主要内容包括：1.理解和安慰。2.你的建议和理由。3.希望和祝福。注意事项：词数在80左右。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节(满分25分)47.读后续写HonestyWon’tLetYouDownAsadwasa13yearoldboywhowasveryhonestandhardworking.Recently,hehadenteredanewschoolsohehadnofriendsyet.OnMondaymorning,hewasnearlylateforschool.Thenightbefore,hisfamilyattendedhiscousin’sweddingandreachedhomelate,whichwaswhyhecouldn’tgetupontimeasusual.Atschool,Asadcouldnotpayattentiontoanythingandwantedthebelltoringsothathecouldbuysomethingtoeat.Afterafewhours,whenthebellrang,Asadquicklyopenedhisschoolbagtofindhismoney,butjustthenherememberedthathehadleftforschoolinahurryinthemorningandforgottentotakethemoney.Helookedunderhisbooks,hopingtofindsomemoneybuttherewasn