2021-2022学年江西省九校高二上学期期中联考英语试卷（解析版）

2021-2022学年江西省九校高二上学期期中联考英语试卷总分：150分考试时间：120分钟第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoesthemanwanttogo?A.TheDonghuPark.B.TheHistory2.Whatistheman'sproblem?A.Hehastoleavehisfriends.B.Hehastomeetmanypeople.C.Hehastomovetoanewcity.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Aplaceofinterest.B.Atrip.C.Akindoffood.4.Whatiswrongwiththeman?A.Hehasafever.B.Hehasaheadache.C.Hehasacough.5.Whatcolordresswillthewomanbuy?A.Purple.B.WhiteC.Red.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatmakesthewomangoodatplayingtennis?A.Shehasbeenplayingtennisforsixyears.B.Shestartedplayingtennisatanearlyage.C.Shepracticesinafamoustrainingcenter.7.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Makeextramoneyasatrainer.B.Findanexperiencedteacher.C.Havearestfromatightschedule.听第7段材料，回答第8-10题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Teacherandstudent.C.Fatheranddaughter.9.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthesingingcompetition?A.Confident.B.Nervous.C.Excited.10.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Goforawalk.B.WatchTV.C.Practicesinging.听第8段材料，回答第11-13题。11.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inanoffice.C.Inacar.12.Whydidthemanwalkupthestairstheotherday?A.Hewasonadiet.B.Hewantedtoexercise.C.Theliftbrokedown.13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofdeliveryfoods?A.Delicious.B.Unhealthy.C.Expensive.听第9段材料，回答第14-17题。14.Inwhichyeardidthemanstarttovolunteer?A.2014.B.2020.C.2015.15.Whatisthereasonforthemantochoosetovolunteerafterretirement?A.Findingagoodwaytokilltime.B.Puttinghisexperienceandknowledgetouse.C.Developinganewhobby.16.Whatvolunteerjobisthemandoingnow?A.Beingaguide.B.Offeringfoodtothehomeless.C.Teachinginlocalschools.17.Whatdoesthemangainfromvolunteering?A.Freeeducation.B.Asenseofpurpose.C.Loveforlife.听第10段材料，回答第18-20题。18.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Theplanfortheday.B.Thecoursesfortheterm.C.Thehistoryoftheschool.19.Whenarethevisitorsexpectedtobeseatedintheschoolhall?A.At9:30.B.At9:00.C.At8:45.20.Whatcanthevisitorslearnaboutthesciencelabs?A.Thelabscovertechnicalworkshops.B.Thelabsarewellequipped.C.Thelabsareonthe2ndfloor.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ABecauseofthespreadofCOVID-19,manystudentsareforcedtostudyathome.Butparentsareworriedabouthowtheirchildrencanlearnmoreefficiently.Thefollowingwebsitesmightgiveyouaclue.ScratchWithScratch,youcanprogramyourowninteractivestories,games,andanimations—andshareyourcreationswithothersintheonlinecommunity.Scratchcanbedownloadedfreeofcharge.Scratchisdesignedespeciallyforages8to16,butisusedbypeopleofallages.Scratchisusedinmorethan150differentcountriesandavailableinmorethan40languages.Mr.BobMr.Bobisascienceteacher,author,maker,andpresenterthatknowshowtosharetheworldofscience.BobencouragesparentsandteacherstopracticeRandomActsofSciencebyprovidinginstructionsandvideosforinteractivescienceexperimentsonhiswebsite.Bobhasalsocoauthoredaverypopularseriesofscienceadventurebooksforkids.OxfordOwlforSchoolOxfordOwlforSchoolishometoonlineteaching,learningandassessmentresourcesandexpertsupportforprimaryschools.Freeteaching,learningandassessmentresourcesareprovided,includingbookrecommendations,storytellingvideos,activitysheetsandteachingnotes.Withalibraryoffree,tablet-friendlyeBooks,you’llfindtheperfecteBookforeverypupil.TheNationalGeographicSocietyTheNationalGeographicSocietyisaglobalnonprofitorganizationtoexploreandprotectourplanet.Wefundhundredsofresearchandconservationprojectsaroundtheworldeachyearandinspirenewgenerations.OuryellowborderservestoexplorethefarthestreachesoftheEarthandbeyond.Wereachmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld,withourtelevisionnetworksin172countriesandourpublicationsavailablein41languages.1.Whichwebsiteismostsuitableforsciencelovers?A.Scratch. B.Mr.Bob.C.OxfordOwlforSchool. D.TheNationalGeographicSociety.2.WhatisspecialaboutOxfordOwlforSchool?A.ItownsalibraryinAmerica. B.Itoffersmaterialsforstudentsonly.C.Itprovidesonlinebooksforfree. D.Itissuitableforstudentsofallages.3.WhatdoScratchandtheNationalGeographicSocietyhaveincommon?A.Theyhaveusersworldwide. B.Theychoosebooksforkidstoread.C.Theyaredesignedespeciallyforkids. D.Theyarebothnonprofitorganizations.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。由于COVID-19的传播，许多学生被迫在家学习。但家长们担心他们的孩子如何才能更有效地学习。文章主要介绍了四个可以网上学习的网站。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段Mr.Bobisascienceteacher,author,maker,andpresenterthatknowshowtosharetheworldofscience.BobencouragesparentsandteacherstopracticeRandomActsofSciencebyprovidinginstructionsandvideosforinteractivescienceexperimentsonhiswebsite.Bobhasalsocoauthoredaverypopularseriesofscienceadventurebooksforkids.可知鲍勃先生是一位科学教师、作家、创造者和演讲者，他知道如何分享科学世界。Bob通过在他的网站上提供互动科学实验的指导和视频，鼓励家长和老师实践“RandomActsofScience”。鲍勃还与人合著了一本非常受欢迎的儿童科学冒险丛书。由此可知，Mr.Bob最适合科学爱好者。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中Freeteaching,learningandassessmentresourcesareprovided,includingbookrecommendations,storytellingvideos,activitysheetsandteachingnotes.可知提供免费的教学、学习和评估资源，包括书籍推荐、讲故事视频、活动表和教学笔记。由此可知，OxfordOwlforSchool的特别之处在于免费提供在线图书。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Scratchisusedinmorethan150differentcountriesandavailableinmorethan40languages.(Scratch在150多个不同的国家使用，并有40多种语言版本)以及最后一段中Wereachmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld,withourtelevisionnetworksin172countriesandourpublicationsavailablein41languages.(我们的电视网络遍布172个国家，我们的出版物以41种语言出版，我们的受众遍及全球数百万人)由此可知，Scratch和TheNationalGeographicSociety的共同之处在于他们的用户遍布全球。故选A。BAreyoutheonlychildinyourfamily?Ifso,doyouenjoyitordoyouwantmoresiblings（兄弟姐妹）?OnMay31,akeymeetingoftheCommunistPartyofChinaunveiledapolicythatwouldallowallcouplestohaveuptothreechildren.Themoveisexpectedtomaximizethepopulation'sroleindrivingeconomicandsocialgrowth,sincethisisacriticaltimeforChinatotransformtheworld'smostpopulouscountryintoapowerhouse（强国）withaqualityworkforce,accordingtotheNationalHealthCommission.Thethree-childpolicyisalsoexpectedtopreventthedeclineinthenation'sbirthrateandaddressthechallengeofarapidlyagingpopulation,ChinaDailyreported.China'sannualnumberofnewbornshasfallenforfouryearsinarow.Thecountry'stotalbirthrate—theaveragenumberofchildrenborntoeachwoman—stoodat1.3in2020.Thenumberisbelowtherateof2.1thatwouldmaintainastablepopulation,accordingtotheNationalBureauofStatistics.Thedecliningbirthratehasalsobroughtasharpincreaseintheproportionofthepopulationaged60orabove,risingfrom10.3percentto18.7percentinthepastdecade.Anincreasinglyelderlypopulationwillincreasethecostoflaborandthepressureonthesocialsecuritynet.Italsomeanstherewillbealackofyounglaborforce.Therefore,it'snotgoodforeconomicgrowth,accordingtoChenYouhua,aprofessoratNanjingInfact,thenewbirthpolicyisasteptofurtherrelaxthefamilyplanningpolicy.Theone-childpolicywasintroducedinthe1970sandaimedtocontrolthefast-growingpopulation.Thenin2013,Chinaallowedcouplestohaveasecondchildifeitherparentwasanonlychild,andin2016,allcoupleswereallowedtohavetwochildren.However,notallpeoplehaveshowntheirsupportforthislatestpolicy.Manycouplescomplainedabouttherisingcostsofraisingachild.AnetizennamedQinfengcommented,"Highcostofeducationandboththephysicalandmentalexhaustionstoppedmefromhavingmorethanonechild."Also,manywomenarereluctant（不情愿的）togivebirthbecausethatcouldmeansacrificingtheircareerprospects,accordingtoMuGuangzong,aprofessoratPekingUniversity.Inthatcase,Munotedthatitisbettertoimplementsupportingmeasureswiththethree-childpolicy,suchasmorepreferential（优惠）policiesforcouplesthatwouldeasetheirparentalburden.4.WhatmightNOTbethemaincauseforthenewpolicy?A.Toincreasethepopulation'srole.B.Tostopthedecliningbirthrate.C.Toimprovethechild-careservicesystem.D.Toaddressthechallengeoftheagingpopulation.5.Whatcanbeknownfromthetext?A.China'sannualnumberofnewbornshasfallenfordecades.B.Thegovernmentwillprotectthelegalrightsofwomeninemployment.C.Measureswillbetakentoimprovethehigh-qualityeducation.D.Thenewpolicyallowscouplestohaveuptothreechildren.6.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"implement"?A.Tocarryout. B.Togetalongwith.C.Tomakeuseof. D.Tohaveacommandof.7.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toshowhisloveofchildrenhealthcare.B.Tointroducethenewfamilysizepolicy.CTosharehisconcernsaboutbirthrate.D.Toemphasizethephysicalandmentalexhaustion.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了即将实施的“三孩”政策。【4题详解】细节理解题。由第三段“Themoveisexpectedtomaximizethepopulation'sroleindrivingeconomicandsocialgrowth,sincethisisacriticaltimeforChinatotransformtheworld'smostpopulouscountryintoapowerhouse（强国）withaqualityworkforce,accordingtotheNationalHealthCommission.(国家卫生健康委员会表示，此举预计将最大限度地发挥人口在推动经济和社会增长中的作用，因为目前是中国将世界上人口最多的国家转变为拥有高素质劳动力的强国的关键时刻。)”、第四段“Thethree-childpolicyisalsoexpectedtopreventthedeclineinthenation'sbirthrateandaddressthechallengeofarapidlyagingpopulation,ChinaDailyreported.(据《中国日报》报道，三孩政策还有望防止中国出生率的下降，并应对人口快速老龄化的挑战。)”可知，选择项A、B、D在文中都提到过。选择项C“完善托儿服务体系”不是新政策的主要原因。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“OnMay31,akeymeetingoftheCommunistPartyofChinaunveiledapolicythatwouldallowallcouplestohaveuptothreechildren.(5月31日，中共中央召开重要会议，公布了一项政策，允许所有夫妇最多生育三个孩子。)可知，政府即将采取新政策，允许一对夫妻生育第三胎。故选D。【6题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后半句“suchasmorepreferential（优惠的）policiesforcouplesthatwouldeasetheirparentalburden.(比如为夫妇提供更多的优惠政策，以减轻他们的负担。)”可知，为了实施三孩政策，需要配套相应的措施。所以implement应为“实施”之意。故选A。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了即将实施的“三孩”政策。所以可以推断，作者的写作意图是介绍一项（家庭规模）新政策。故选B。CNothingfeelsmorelikesummerthananeighborhoodbarbecue.Buttheannoyanceofsummergatheringsremains:thebuzzing(嗡嗡声)ofmosquitoesaroundourears.“Thebuzzinginyourearismostlyjustasideeffectofthemosquito'swingsbeating,”saidMichaelRiehle,aprofessorattheUniversityof“Fromadistance,mosquitoestrackcarbondioxidethatwegiveout.”RiehletoldLiveScience.“Theyflybackandforthtofollowthatconcentrationlevelbacktothesource.”Butinfact,thatbuzzingyouhearislikelyfromafemalemosquito.That'sbecausemaleandfemalemosquitoesleadverydifferentlives.Themalestypicallyhangoutandfeedonthesweetestpartofflowers;theycouldn'tcarelessaboutthehumanswanderingabout.Thefemales,however,needtofindabloodmealinordertohaveenoughenergytoproduceeggs.Assheapproaches,thefemalemosquitozerosinonbodyheatandthecarbondioxidetolandonthevictim.Thefemalemosquitousestastesensorsonherfeettodeterminewhetherthehuman,oranyblood-bearinganimal,isadequatetotapforhernextmeal.Butwhilewefeelmosquitoesbuzzingaroundourears,Riehlenotedthatmostmosquitoesarenotattractedtoourheads.Rather,thesebloodsuckersmaybemorelikelytoseekoutourfeet,whichhavebacteriathatgiveoffattractivesmelltomosquitoes.However,mostpeopleprobablydon'tnoticeamosquitobuzzingaroundtheirankles,hesaid.Anotherstudyfoundthatfemalemosquitoesweremoreattractedtomenwhohadlessdiversebacteriaontheirskinthantomenwithmorediverseskinbacteria;thesebloodsuckersalsopreferthosewhoweardarkcolors,suchasblack.8.Whatattractsmosquitoestoourhead?A.Thereismostcarbondioxide. B.Thefaceskiniseasytostickin.C.Thereexiststheirfavoritesmell. D.Theycansuckmostbloodthere.9.Whatdofemalemosquitoesusetodetermineameal?A.Hernose. B.Hersensors. C.Hereyes. D.Herears.10.Whatcolormighthelpavoidmosquitoesmostaccordingtothetext?A.Black. B.Blue. C.White. D.Red.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Whydomosquitoesbuzzinourears?B.Howcanweavoidthebuzzingofmosquitoes?C.Howaremaleandfemalemosquitoesdifferent?D.Whateffectdoesthebuzzingofmosquitoeshave?【答案】8.A9.B10.C11.A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了蚊子为什么会在人们耳边嗡嗡以及教授MichaelRiehle的一些看法。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段““Fromadistance,mosquitoestrackcarbondioxidethatwegiveout.”RiehletoldLiveScience.“Theyflybackandforthtofollowthatconcentrationlevelbacktothesource.”(“从远处看，蚊子会追踪我们排出的二氧化碳。”瑞艾尔告诉生活科学网。“它们来回飞行，跟随浓度水平回到源头。”)”可知，蚊子在人们头部盘旋是因为它们追踪我们释放的二氧化碳，根据浓度水平找到二氧化碳的源头，也就是说头部的二氧化碳多。故选A。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Thefemalemosquitousestastesensorsonherfeettodeterminewhetherthehuman,oranyblood-bearinganimal,isadequatetotapforhernextmeal.(雌性蚊子利用脚上的味觉传感器来确定人类或任何带血的动物是否足以作为它的下一顿饭)”可知，蚊子利用脚上的味觉传感器来判断它们的美味。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Anotherstudyfoundthatfemalemosquitoesweremoreattractedtomenwhohadlessdiversebacteriaontheirskinthantomenwithmorediverseskinbacteria;thesebloodsuckersalsopreferthosewhoweardarkcolors,suchasblack.(另一项研究发现，与皮肤细菌种类繁多的男性相比，雌性蚊子更容易被皮肤细菌种类较少的男性吸引；这些吸血鬼也喜欢穿深色衣服的人，比如黑色)”可知，蚊子喜欢深色的衣服，所以为了避蚊最好是穿浅色衣服。故选C。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Buttheannoyanceofsummergatheringsremains:thebuzzing(嗡嗡声)ofmosquitoesaroundourears.(但夏季聚会的烦恼依然存在：蚊子在我们耳边嗡嗡作响)”以及第二段““Thebuzzinginyourearismostlyjustasideeffectofthemosquito'swingsbeating,”saidMichaelRiehle,aprofessorattheUniversityofArizona.“Thesounddoesn'thavealongrange,soyounoticeitmostwhentheyareflyingaroundyourears.”(“你耳朵里的嗡嗡声主要是蚊子拍打翅膀的副作用，”亚利桑那大学教授MichaelRiehle说，“这种声音的范围不长，所以当它们在你耳边飞舞时，你会注意到它。”)”结合文章开头提出惹人烦的蚊子的嗡嗡声，然后对此进行了揭示并且指出虽然我们听到蚊子在耳朵边嗡嗡，但是它们更倾向于的是人们的脚。可知A选项“为什么蚊子会在我们的耳朵里嗡嗡叫？”最符合文章标题。故选A。DWhydoesHaitisotendtohavefatalearthquakes?EarthquakeshavebeencausinghugedamageinHaitisinceatleastthe18thcentury.Thecapitalcityhasbeendestroyedtwicein19years.The21stcenturyhasbeennomorekind.TheEarth’soutershellismadetipoftectonicplates(构造板块)thatmove.HaitisitsnearthecrossingoftwotectonicplaitsthatmakeuptheEarth’soutershell.Earthquakescanoccurwhenthoseplatesmoveagainsteachotherandcreatefriction(摩擦力).Haitiisalsooverpopulated.Plus,manyofitsbuildingsaredesignedtoresisthurricanesbutnotearthquakes.Thosebuildingscansurvivestrongwindsbatareeasytofaildownwhenthegroundshrikes.Poorbuildingpracticescanalsoplayarole.“Ithinkit’simportanttorecognizethatthere’snosuchthingasanaturaldisaster,”saidWendyBohon,ageologist.“Whatyouhaveisanaturaldisasterthatcomeswithaweakarchitecturesystem.Wedoknowthatearthquakeslikethiscancausehugedamagebecauseofthefault,”saidWendy.“Andit’squiteasignificantriskinplacesthatdon’thavetheconstructionpracticestoresisttheshaking.”Constructionofmoreearthquake-resistantbuildingsremainsachallengeinHaiti,whichisthepoorestnationintheWesternHemisphere.“WhiletherehavebeensomesuccessstoriesofHaitiansbuildingmoreearthquake-resistantstructures,thecountryhaslackedacentralizedefforttodoso,”saidMarkSchuller,aprofessorofanthropologyandnonprofitandNGOstudiesatNorthernIllinois“ThereistechnicalknowledgeinHaiti,Therearetrainedarchitects.Therearecityplanners.That’snottheproblem,”Schullersaid.“Theproblemisalackoffundingforcoordination(协调),andlackofpoliticalwillfromdonorstoorganizationsprovidingaid.”12.Whichfactorcausingthehugedamageishighlighted?A.Itsoverpopulation. B.Itsweakgovernment.C.Itsgeographicallocation. D.Itsweakarchitecturesystem.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thefault”inparagraph4referto?A.Lackingpoliticalwilltoprovideaid.B.Lackinghurricane-resistant;buildings.C.Lackingearthquake-resistantbuildings.D.Sittingonthecrossingoftwotectonicplates.14.What’sSchuller’sattitudetowardsHaiti’sgovernment?A.Supportive. B.Critical.C.Indifferent. D.Interested.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbeaproblemaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Fundandwill. B.Skilledarchitects.C.Urbandesigners. D.Technologyandmoney.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海地频繁爆发毁灭性地震的原因。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Plus,manyofitsbuildingsaredesignedtoresisthurricanesbutnotearthquakes.(此外，它的许多建筑设计用于抵御飓风，但不能抵御地震)”以及第四段“earthquakeslikethiscancausehugedamagebecauseofthefault,”saidWendy.“Andit’squiteasignificantriskinplacesthatdon’thavetheconstructionpracticestoresisttheshaking.”(“由于缺少抗震的建筑，像这样的地震会造成巨大的破坏，”Wendy说。“在那些没有建筑措施来抵御地震的地方，风险相当大)”可知，海地造成巨大损失的因素之一是其建筑体系非常脆弱。故选D项。【13题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线部分上文“Whatyouhaveisanaturaldisasterthatcomeswithaweakarchitecturesystem.(你所遇到的自然灾害遇到了脆弱的建筑体系)”以及“earthquakeslikethiscancausehugedamage(这样的地震会造成巨大的破坏)”以及下文“it’squiteasignificantriskinplacesthatdon’thavetheconstructionpracticestoresisttheshaking(在那些没有建筑措施来抵御地震的地方，风险相当大)”可推知，此处指当一场自然灾难碰上一个脆弱的建筑系统，才是真的灾难。正是因为这个错误（缺少抗震的建筑）才导致地震产生如此巨大的破坏。所以画线部分“thefault”指代的是“缺少抗震的建筑”。故选C项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Haiti’sgovernmenthasbecomeincreasinglyweak,whilenon-governmentalorganizationsonlyfocusontheirownprojects.(海地政府越来越弱，而非政府组织只专注于自己的项目)”可知，政府在提高建筑系统抗震方面不作为，非政府组织又各行其是。从而推知，作者对政府是持批判态度的。故选B项。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Theproblemisalackoffundingforcoordination,andlackofpoliticalwillfromdonorstoorganizationsprovidingaid.(问题在于缺乏协调资金，以及捐助者对提供援助的组织缺乏政治意愿)”可知，海地要建造抗震建筑，资金和决心可能是问题。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyouoftengooutforshopping?Howtoavoidgermswhenshoppinginthegrocerystore?____16____.Firstly,gotothegrocerystorebrightandearlywhenthey’rejustopening.Thismightbeyourbestoption.Byavoidinglargegroupsofpeople,____17____,asthevirusismainlyspreadthroughclosecontactwithotherpeople.Oneoftheeasiestwaystospreadthevirusisbytouchingacontaminatedsurfaceandthentouchingyourface,eyes,nose,ormouth.____18____.Thisisalotharderthanitsounds,becausepeopletouchtheirfacesmorethan20timesinasinglehour.Whileamaskcanhelppreventyoufromtouchingyourmouthandnose,itisstronglyrecommendedtowearone.____19____.Thismaybeassimpleasavoidingacrowdedaisleandcirclingbackafewminuteslater.Sinceothershoppersmightnotbeasmindfulasyouareaboutmaintainingsocialdistance,bepoliteinyourrequestthattheykeeptheirdistancewithapolite“excuseme.”Justasyou’rebeingthoughtfulaboutyourownhealth,bethoughtfulaboutthehealthofothers,suggestsDr.Larkin.“____20____,seeifyoucanshopforthemorteachthemtouseanonlineanddeliveryoption,”shesays.“Bepatientandkindwithoneanother,especiallytheworkerskeepingthestoresopenandfunctioning—andofcourse,ifyouareill,pleasestayhomeanddon’texposeothers.”A.youdecreaseyourriskofbecominginfectedB.IfyouhaveanelderlyneighborwhoneedshelpC.youhadbetterstayathomeinsteadofgoingoutD.Asaresult,avoidtouchingyourfacewhileshoppingE.Asaresult,youshouldwearamaskwhenyougoshoppingF.Moreover,trytomaintainasafe,six-footdistancefromothershoppersG.Beforeyouheadouttoone,youneedsomeguidelinestoensureyoursafety【答案】16.G17.A18.D19.F20.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了出去购物时避免感染病毒的几个建议。【16题详解】空前提出问题“在杂货店购物时如何避免细菌呢？”，下文是具体的方法，所以G项“在你出去进一个杂货店之前，你需要一些指导来确保你的安全”承上启下，符合语境，故选G项。【17题详解】空后as引导一个原因状语从句，“因为病毒主要通过近距离接触别人传染”，结合空前“通过避免接触人群”可知，A项“你就能减少感染的风险”切题，故选A项。【18题详解】空前提到“病毒传播最容易的一种方法就是通过接触被污染的表面，然后摸你的脸，眼睛，鼻子或者嘴巴”，所以要避免感染就不要在购物时摸脸，D项符合语境，D项中“touchingyourface”与上下文呼应，且空后的This指代D项内容，故选D项。【19题详解】空处位于句首，是段落主题句，根据本段最后一句“因为别人可能不会像你一样保持社交距离，用‘不好意思’礼貌地要求他们保持距离”可知，本段主要讲要保持距离，F项“此外，尽量与别的购物者保持安全的六英尺距离”切题，故选F项。【20题详解】空前一句提到在关心自己健康的同时，还要关心别人的健康，结合空后“看看你是否能帮他们购物，或者教他们使用网上配送选择”可推知，B项“如果你有年迈的邻居需要帮助”切题，故选B项。【点睛】第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sometimes,lifeasabigsisterjustdoesn'tseemfair.Iwasfiveyearsold,andmysisterLisawas___21___.Everytimewedosomethingthatwearenot___22___todo,Igetintomoretrouble.Ican't___23___itanymore!So,Ipackmythingsanddecidetoleaveforever.Mymotherasks___24___IamrunningawayandItellheryes.She'snotnearlyas___25___bythisasIfeelsheshouldbe.Shelooksatmeandsays,"AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?"Ican't___26___shecanfigurethisout.Without___27___her,Igoout.I'mso___28___thatIdon'trealizethatmymotherisabout20metresbehindme,followingand___29___concernedcitizensaway.___30___，IgettoGrandma'sapartment.BeforeIevenknock,thedooropens.MyGrandmawelcomesmebutsaysI'mcertainlynot___31___thereforever.AndIrealizemymotherhascalled___32___andIhavebeenbetrayed.WhenmyGrandmagoestogetmesomejuice,mymother___33___andkindlyaskswhyIhaverunaway.Afterlisteningtomy___34___,mymothersaystome,“Sweetheart,ifit's___35___foryoutolivewithLisa,tomorrowmorningIwillcalltheorphanage(孤儿院)andwewillsendheraway."I___36___whatanorphanageis.Istarttocry,andI___37___her,“Don'tsendmysisterawaytoanorphanage!"Mymotherreluctantly___38___thatwewillallgohomeandgiveitanothertry.Andinthoseyearstocome,LisaandIwillsharelaughterandtears.Sometimes,wewill___39___.Andtothisday,whenIturntomymother,shealwaysanswersinthesameway,“Youhadyour___40___,sweetheart."21.A.stronger B.younger C.cleverer D.calmer22.A.qualified B.prepared C.trained D.supposed23.A.hide B.stand C.afford D.use24.A.when B.how C.if D.why25.A.excited B.bored C.moved D.upset26.A.expect B.promise C.believe D.pretend27.A.answering B.greeting C.informing D.noticing28.A.proud B.focused C.busy D.popular29.A.putting B.taking C.scaring D.waving30.A.Clearly B.Suddenly C.Finally D.Naturally31.A.living B.learning C.working D.sitting32.A.back B.again C.instead D.ahead33.A.finishes B.arrives C.stops D.changes34.A.complaints B.speech C.songs D.report35.A.convenient B.hard C.safe D.dangerous36.A.ask B.forget C.know D.explain37.A.blame B.comfort C.remind D.beg38.A.admits B.agrees C.recognizes D.claims39.A.fight B.fear C.apologize D.chat40.A.chance B.point C.dream D.plan【答案】21.B22.D23.B24.C25.D26.C27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.D33.B34.A35.B36.C37.D38.B39.A40.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。作者五岁时因为妈妈总让她为妹妹背黑锅，因此离家出走。母亲的一席话打消了作者的念头，从此即使与妹妹有小矛盾也能处理好。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，做姐姐似乎并不公平。当时我五岁，我妹妹丽莎比我小。每次我们做不该做的事，我就会陷入更多的麻烦。A.stronger强壮的；B.younger年轻的；C.cleverer更聪明的；D.calmer更平静的。根据上句“Sometimes,lifeasabigsisterjustdoesn'tseemfair.”(有时候，做姐姐似乎并不公平)可知妹妹比我小，故选B。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.qualified资格；B.prepared准备；C.trained训练；D.supposed认为。根据后句“Igetintomoretrouble.”（我陷入了更多的麻烦）可知是作者和妹妹做了不应该做的事情。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我再也受不了了。A.hide隐藏；B.stand忍受；C.afford负担；D.use使用。根据后句“So,Ipackmythingsanddecidetoleaveforever.”（所以，我收拾好我的东西，决定永远离开）可知作者再也受不了，决定离家出走。故选B。【24题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈问我是不是在逃跑。A.when当…时候；B.how如何；C.if如果；D.why为什么。根据后文“Itellheryes.”（我告诉她是的）可知上文是妈妈问作者是不是打算跑走。故选C。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她并没有像我认为的那样为此心烦意乱A.excited兴奋的；B.bored无聊的；C.moved感动；D.upset不安。根据后文“Shelooksatmeandsays,"AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?”（她看着我说，你要去西尔维亚奶奶家吗?）可知妈妈并没有心烦意乱，而是猜出作者的去向。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不相信她能搞清楚这件事。A.expect期望；B.promise承诺；C.believe相信；D.pretend假装。根据上句“Shelooksatmeandsays,"AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?”（她看着我说，你要去西尔维亚奶奶家吗?）可知是妈妈猜出了作者想法。作者难以相信。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有回答她，就出去了。A.answering回答；B.greeting问候；C.informing通知；D.noticing注意。根据上文“AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?”（你要去西尔维亚奶奶家吗?）可知作者并没有回答妈妈的问题，就走了。故选A。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我太专注了，以至于我没有意识到我的母亲就在我身后大约20米的地方，她跟在我后面，挥手让关心我的市民离开。A.proud自豪的；B.focused专注的；C.busy忙的；D.popular流行的。根据后文“Idon'trealizethatmymotherisabout20metresbehindme”（我没有意识到我的母亲在我后面大约20米）可知作者是太专注了而没有意识到母亲在后面。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.putting放置；B.taking带走；C.scaring恐吓；D.waving挥手。根据后文“concernedcitizensaway.”（让关心我的市民离开）因为妈妈在悄悄跟着我，所以妈妈挥手让关心的人离开。故选D。【30题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我到了奶奶公寓。A.Clearly清楚的；B.Suddenly突然的；C.Finally最后的；D.Naturally自然的。根据上文“AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?Ican't___6___shecanfigurethisout.”（你要去西尔维亚奶奶家吗?我不敢相信她能搞清楚我要去哪里）可知作者最终到了奶奶家。故选C。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我奶奶欢迎我，但说我肯定不会永远住在那里A.living生活；B.learning学习；C.working工作；D.sitting坐。根据上文“MyGrandmawelcomesmebut…”(我奶奶欢迎我，但说…)由but可知前后为转折关系，奶奶欢迎我，但说我肯定不会永远住在那里。故选A。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我意识到我母亲提前打电话了，我被背叛了。A.back返回；B.again再一次；C.instead相反；D.ahead向前。根据上句“So,Ipackmythingsanddecidetoleaveforever.”（所以，我收拾好我的东西，决定永远离开）以及“Shelooksatmeandsays,"AreyougoingtoGrandmaSylvia's?"Ican't___6___shecanfigurethisout.”（她看着我说，“你要去西尔维亚奶奶家吗?”真不敢相信她能知道）可知妈妈料到作者会前往奶奶家，所以提前给奶奶打了电话。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我奶奶去给我拿果汁时，我妈妈来了，亲切地问我为什么逃跑。A.finishes结束；B.arrives到达；C.stops停止；D.changes改变。根据后句“mymother…kindlyaskswhyIhaverunaway”(母亲亲切地问我为什么要离家出走)可知是妈妈到了奶奶家。故选B。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：听了我的抱怨后，妈妈对我说:“亲爱的，如果你和丽莎住在一起很难的话。A.complaints投诉；B.speech演说；C.songs歌曲；D.report报道。根据后文“ifit's___15___foryoutolivewithLisa,tomorrowmorningIwillcalltheorphanage(孤儿院)andwewillsendheraway.”（如果你和丽莎住在一起很困难，明天早上我会打电话给孤儿院，我们会把她送走）可知是作者的抱怨和妹妹生活在一起的不开心。故选A。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意见上题解析。A.convenient方便的；B.hard辛苦的；C.safe安全的；D.dangerous危险的。根据后句“Iwillcal