高中英语人教版高二期末监测金卷（八）

20232024学年第二学期高中英语人教版（2019）期末复习监测金卷（八）考生注意：1.本试卷由四个部分组成。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhatwillSallydonextweek?A.Deliversomepaper.B.Giveaspeech.C.Borrowsomebooks.2.Whichofthefollowingwillthemanpick?A.Onemonthmembership.B.Threemonthmembership.C.Sixmonthmembership.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Headmasterandteacher.B.Employerandemployee.C.Doctorandpatient.4.Whendidthewomansendthepackage?A.OnWednesday.B.OnMonday.C.OnSunday.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theweather.B.Adepartmentstore.C.Anewshirt.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.Whatteadoesgoodtoyourlungs?A.Greentea.B.Darktea.C.Blacktea.7.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.200yuan.B.250yuan.C.300yuan.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Howoldwasthewomanwhentheyplayedthegamelasttime?A.5.B.12.C.17.9.Whichballisworththemostpoints?A.Theredone.B.Thegreenone.C.Theblueone.10.Whowasbestatplayingthegame?A.Alice.B.Dennis.C.George.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whereisthenewgym?A.Inashoppingmall.B.Inahotel.C.Nearabridge.12.Howmuchdidthemanprobablypaypermonthathisoldgym?A.$30.B.$24.C.$22.13.Whatisabenefitofthenewgym?A.Freefruit.B.Viewsoftheoutside.C.Discountedhotelrooms.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.Whydoesthewomanmakethecall?A.Toplain.B.Toapologize.C.Topraise.15.Whatdoesthewomanlikeabouttheshirt?A.Itssize.B.Itsstyle.C.Itscolor.16.Whatwillthewomandothisweekend?A.Gotravelling.B.Goclimbing.C.Godancing.17.Howwillthewomanprobablyfeelabouttheresult?A.Embarrassed.B.Worried.C.Satisfied.听下面一段独白，回答以下对话。18.Wherecanyoufindphysicsorchemistrybooksinthelibrary?A.Onlevel1.B.Onlevel2.C.Onlevel3.19.Howmuchisthedailyfeeforoverduebooks?A.15cents.B.25cents.C.50cents.20:WhendoesthelibrarycloseonFridaynights?A.At10:30pm.B.At10:00pm.C.At11:00pm第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。ATailoryourexperience,andmastertheEnglishlanguageinourexcitingandprehensivelanguageprogrammes.Chooseyourpreferredcity,andyou’llstudywithandbefriendotherinternationalstudents.OurEnglishLearningProgrammes·LearnEnglishinUniversitiesCourseshavebeendevelopedinpartnershipwithfamousuniversitiesinAustraliatoimproveyourEnglishlanguageskills.Youwillgettoexperiencecampuslifeabroad.·SmallGroupEnglishProgrammeTheseintensiveEnglishclassesarehostedindifferentlanguageschoolsalongtheeastcoast.Talktoourprogrammeadviserstochoosethebestlocation.·OneonOneTutoringOurprogrammeorganizestailoredlearningexperiencesbasedonyourEnglishlearninggoals.YouwillliveinlocalfamiliesandhavechancestopractiseyouroralEnglish.·HighSchoolStudyAbroadTherearefewthingsinlifewhichcanmakeyoufeelmoregrownuplikelivingandlearninginanothercountry.Packthiswithmanyfunculturalactivities.AndyouwillalsohaveopportunitiestoexperiencesciencesubjectstaughtinEnglish,suchaslessonsaboutrocksandminerals,plantsandanimals,andengineeringpractices.FourstepstogetintoourEnglishlearningprogrammesStepOne:Reviewtheprogrammeinformationandpleteouronlineapplicationformtogettheballrolling.StepTwo:Youwillhavea15mininterviewwithyourprogrammeadvisertodiscussyourinterests,needs,destinationandduration.Withinthreedaysaftertheinterview,theadviserwillbeintouchbyemailtoletyouknowifyourapplicationhasbeensuccessful.Ifso,we’llsendyouaformaloffer.StepThree:Toconfirmyourplaceinourprogramme,you’llneedtoreplytoourletterofofferandmakepaymentonlineaccordingtotheinstruction.Oncethishasbeendone,we’llsendyouthedocumentscontainingalltheinformationyou’llneedregardingyourstudytrip.StepFour:Onceyourflightshavebeenbooked,letusknowyourarrivaldetailssothatwecanorganizeairportpickup.We’llbeexcitedtoweleyoutoourprogrammeinperson!21.IfHenrywantstotryabiologyclasstaughtinEnglish,hemayjoinin________.A.LearnEnglishinUniversities B.SmallGroupEnglishProgrammeC.OneonOneTutoring D.HighSchoolStudyAbroad22Whatshouldapplicantsdoafterreceivingaformaloffer?A.Replytotheletterandpaythecostforthestudytrip.B.Getintouchwiththeorganizertoconfirmthedestination.CReviewprogrammeinformationtoprepareforaninterview.D.Providetheprogrammeadviserwithpersonalneedsandgoals.23.Whoaretheintendedreadersofthispassage?A.PeopleplanningtoimprovetheirEnglish.B.PeoplewillingtoapplyforEnglishteachingjobs.C.Peopleaimingtohelplearnersgoabroad.D.PeoplelovingtoshareEnglishlearningexperiences.【答案】21D22A23A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个英语学习项目及申请流程。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据“HighSchoolStudyAbroad”项目中第三句“AndyouwillalsohaveopportunitiestoexperiencesciencesubjectstaughtinEnglish,suchaslessonsaboutrocksandminerals,plantsandanimals,andengineeringpractices.(你将有机会体验用英语教授的科学课程，比如有关岩石和矿石，动植物和工程实践的课程)”可知，如果亨利想尝试英语授课的生物课，他可能会参加HighSchoolStudyAbroad。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据“StepThree”的第一句“Toconfirmyourplaceinourprogramme,you’llneedtoreplytoourletterofofferandmakepaymentonlineaccordingtotheinstruction.(为了确认你在项目中要去的地方，你需要回复收到的通知书并根据说明完成在线付款)”可知，在收到正式录取通知书后，申请人应回复函件并支付费用。故选A项。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Tailoryourexperience,andmastertheEnglishlanguageinourexcitingandprehensivelanguageprogrammes.(定制你的体验，并且在令人兴奋的全面的语言课程中掌握英语)”可推知，这篇文章的目标读者是打算提高英语水平的人。故选A项。BOnemorning,myfouryearolddaughterandIweregettingreadytoleavethehousewhenshesuddenlyyelled“Idiot!”rightatme.AsIprocessedtheword,Inoticedshewasupset.Tearsstreameddownherfaceasshehalfwhisperedandhalfyelled“youareanIDIOTMama.”Totalsilencefollowedaswelookedateachother.Wewerestaringateachotherforsolong,andInearlyforgottobreatheout,andinagain.Idiot.Howcouldmydaughtercallmeanidiot?Therearemanybehaviorsthatreallypushparents’buttons.Disrespectful,rudewordstendtotopthelist.Thewrongresponsetosuchruderemarksisoftenaseriouswarning.ButIdidn’tofferanyseriousremarks.Irealizedthatmydaughter’sintentionwasn’ttodisrespectme.Shewasexpressingthedisconnection.Andpunishmentdoesn’tsolvedisconnection.Itcreatesmoreofit.Herchoiceofwordsaiditall.Shewasannoyed.Shesensedthestress.Ineededtohearher.Iwasbeingcareless.Iwastheonebeingrudetoher.So,whypunishourchildrenwhentheyneedguidance?Wemustknowthewordsweusematter,andbeeourchildren’swordstoo.Thewordsincludethoseweusetohandleemotionaloverload.IdiotisawordIregretfullymustadmittousingwhenI’mextremelyannoyed.Notatmychildren,butyes,theyhaveheardmesayit.So,insteadofpunishingmydaughterformisbehavior,Ichosetofocusonherrealmessage:Idiotmeansthat“Mom,youarestressingmeout!”.Noblame.Nopunishmentforhonestfeelings.Nocriticizingherchoiceofwords.Justfocusonourrelationship.Iadmittedmyignoringher,andwehuggedandkissedeachother.Iwalkedintoherplayschoolwithinterestandwasreadytoseeallhercurrentprojects.Don’tbeafraidtofocusonyourrelationship,toshowkindness,andtomodelforgiveness.Don’tbeafraidtolookbeyondmisbehavior,findthetruemessageandtrustthepowerofconnection.24.Afterhearingherdaughter’swords,theauthor________.A.losthertemper B.gaveherawarningC.couldn’tbelieveit D.hadatalkwithher25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrasepushparents’buttonsinParagraph2mean?A.Cheerparentsup. B.Makeparentsannoyed.C.Followparents’advice. D.Distractparents’attention.26.Fromthetextwecanconcludethatthemotheris________.A.calmandconsiderate B.braveandtolerantC.sensitivebutoverprotective D.intelligentbutbadtempered27.What’sthepurposeofthistext?A.Tosettleconflictsbetweenparentsandchildren.B.Toexplainwhychildrendisrespecttheirparents.C.Toencouragereaderstoexpresstheirtruefeelings.D.Tosuggestapositiveresponsetochildren’smisbehavior.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过讲述作者对女儿的不当行为的分析和回应表明对儿童的不当行为要作出积极的回应。【24题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段最后三句“Wewerestaringateachotherforsolong,andInearlyforgottobreatheout,andinagain.Idiot.Howcouldmydaughtercallmeanidiot?(我们对视了很长时间，我差点忘了呼气，然后再吸气。白痴。我女儿怎么能叫我白痴？)”可知，听了女儿的话，作者简直不敢相信。故选C。【25题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句“Disrespectful,rudewordstendtotopthelist.(不尊重、粗鲁的话往往排在首位。)”可知，pushparents’buttons的意思是“惹恼父母”。故选B。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Irealizedthatmydaughter’sintentionwasn’ttodisrespectme.Shewasexpressingthedisconnection.Andpunishmentdoesn’tsolvedisconnection.Itcreatesmoreofit.Herchoiceofwordsaiditall.Shewasannoyed.Shesensedthestress.Ineededtohearher.Iwasbeingcareless.Iwastheonebeingrudetoher.(我意识到我女儿的意图并不是不尊重我。她在表达这种脱节。而惩罚并不能解决疏离。它会产生更多的能量。她的措辞说明了一切。她很生气。她感觉到了压力。我需要听到她的声音。我太粗心了。是我对她无礼。)”可知，从文章中我们可以得出结论，这位母亲是冷静和体贴的。故选A。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Don’tbeafraidtofocusonyourrelationship,toshowkindness,andtomodelforgiveness.Don’tbeafraidtolookbeyondmisbehavior,findthetruemessageandtrustthepowerofconnection.(不要害怕关注你们的关系，表现出善意，做出宽恕的榜样。不要害怕超越不良行为，找到真正的信息，并相信联系的力量。)”可知，这篇文章的目的是对儿童的不当行为提出积极的回应。故选D。CInthepast,musicrecordingwasprimitive.Arecordingengineerplacedmicrophonesinfrontofinstruments.Theproducerpressedrecordandsignaledthebandtoplay.Therewasahumantouchtorecordings,andthiswayofrecordinggaverockmusicitsrawedge.Butherewearetoday.plexandadvancedaudiosoftwaresitsineveryrecordingstudio.Thehighercostandgreaterpracticalitymakecreatingdigitalmusicmon.However,themodernrecordingsaren’tbeneficialtoarockrecord.Let’snotforget,beinginabandislaborious.Youneedlikemindedmusicianstorehearseforhoursonend.Nowadays,thisisn’tanecessity.Programmingdrumsonaputerisassimpleasfillingcellsonaspreadsheet,andthereyouhaveit,adrumbeat.Onlyafewprofessionalsareawarethattheyaren’tlisteningtotruelivedrums.Suchtechisevenaccessibleonyoursmartphone.Whetheronatrainorinabedroom,youcancreateafullbandtrackwithoutaliveband.Whathappenedtorockmusic?Withpopandhiphopdominatingthecharts,itfeelslikethetimeforbandsisover.Isrockmusicreallydyingout?Isitreallyonitslastlegs,orarewejustnottryinghardenough?Artists,inspiredbythegreatrockbands,seektoputtheirownspinonthisclassicgenre.Thespiritofrockmusicstillremains.Onesingermixedsoulandrockwhileonebandbinedindierockwithelementsoftechno,bothwithunderlyingrockcharacteristics.Thetruthisthatfreshrockbandsareoutthereandyoujustneedtodigdeeper.Asearchthroughonlinemusicblogsshowsagrowingnumberofnewrockbands.Whilerockbandsarenownotaspopularasbeforeandnotreceivingmainstreamexposure,theflamestillburnsbrightly.28.Whichwordscanbestdescribethepastmusicrecording?A.Underdevelopedandlowcost. B.Easyandtimesaving.C.Demandingandplex. D.Digitalandcreative.29.Whatmakesprogrammingdrumseasyinmodernrecordingprocess?A.Lowdemandsformusic. B.Advancedaudiosoftware.C.Deepunderstandingofmusic. D.Helpfromprofessionalmusicians.30.Whyareonesingerandonebandmentionedinparagraph5?A.Totellrockmusichaslostitsoriginalattraction.B.Toshowrockmusicmaybepresentedinnewstyles.C.Tostressrockmusicisnolongermainstreammusic.D.Toparerockmusicwithsomeotherkindsofmusic.31.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.IsRockMusicGoingDead? B.WhyIsRockMusicDisappearing?C.ANewKindofMusicIsEmerging D.AWayofRecordingMusicIsGettingAccepted【答案】28.A29.B30.B31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。尽管摇滚乐队在主流音乐中不再像以前那样受欢迎，但是摇滚音乐通过引进其他的音乐风格或融入一些科技元素，从而以新的风格呈现，有许多新摇滚乐队正在涌现。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“Inthepast,musicrecordingwasprimitive.Arecordingengineerplacedmicrophonesinfrontofinstruments.Theproducerpressedrecordandsignaledthebandtoplay.(在过去，音乐录制是原始的。录音工程师把麦克风放在乐器前面。制作人按下录音键，示意乐队开始演奏。)”可知，过去音乐录制技术落后且成本低廉。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Programmingdrumsonaputerisassimpleasfillingcellsonaspreadsheet,andthereyouhaveit,adrumbeat.Onlyafewprofessionalsareawarethattheyaren’tlisteningtotruelivedrums.Suchtechisevenaccessibleonyoursmartphone.Whetheronatrainorinabedroom,youcancreateafullbandtrackwithoutaliveband.(在电脑上编排鼓点就像在电子表格上填满单元格一样简单，这样你就有了一个鼓点。只有少数专业人士意识到他们听的不是真正的现场鼓。这种技术甚至可以在你的智能上使用。无论是在火车上还是在卧室里，你都可以在没有现场乐队的情况下创建一个完整的乐轨。)

”可知，在现代录音过程中，编排鼓点之所以变得简单是因为有先进的音频软件，在上都可以操作。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的“Whathappenedtorockmusic?Withpopandhiphopdominatingthecharts,itfeelslikethetimeforbandsisover.Isrockmusicreallydyingout?Isitreallyonitslastlegs,orarewejustnottryinghardenough?(摇滚乐怎么了？随着流行音乐和嘻哈音乐在排行榜上占据主导地位，乐队的时代似乎结束了。摇滚乐真的在消亡吗？是它真的快不行了，还是我们还不够努力？)”和第五段的“Artists,inspiredbythegreatrockbands,seektoputtheirownspinonthisclassicgenre.Thespiritofrockmusicstillremains.Onesingermixedsoulandrockwhileonebandbinedindierockwithelementsoftechno,bothwithunderlyingrockcharacteristics.(艺术家们受到伟大的摇滚乐队的启发，试图在这一经典流派中融入自己的风格。摇滚乐的精神依然存在。一位歌手将灵魂乐和摇滚混合在一起，而一支乐队将独立摇滚与科技元素结合在一起，两者都具有潜在的摇滚特征。)”可知，本段提到一个歌手和一个乐队是为了展示摇滚音乐可以引进其他的音乐风格或融入一些科技元素，从而以新的风格呈现。故选B。【31题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第四段的“Whathappenedtorockmusic?Withpopandhiphopdominatingthecharts,itfeelslikethetimeforbandsisover.Isrockmusicreallydyingout?Isitreallyonitslastlegs,orarewejustnottryinghardenough?(摇滚乐怎么了？随着流行音乐和嘻哈音乐在排行榜上占据主导地位，乐队的时代似乎结束了。摇滚乐真的在消亡吗？是它真的快不行了，还是我们还不够努力？)”和第五段的“Artists,inspiredbythegreatrockbands,seektoputtheirownspinonthisclassicgenre.Thespiritofrockmusicstillremains.Onesingermixedsoulandrockwhileonebandbinedindierockwithelementsoftechno,bothwithunderlyingrockcharacteristics.(艺术家们受到伟大的摇滚乐队的启发，试图在这一经典流派中融入自己的风格。摇滚乐的精神依然存在。一位歌手将灵魂乐和摇滚混合在一起，而一支乐队将独立摇滚与科技元素结合在一起，两者都具有潜在的摇滚特征。)”以及最后一段的“Thetruthisthatfreshrockbandsareoutthereandyoujustneedtodigdeeper.Asearchthroughonlinemusicblogsshowsagrowingnumberofnewrockbands.Whilerockbandsarenownotaspopularasbeforeandnotreceivingmainstreamexposure,theflamestillburnsbrightly.(事实是，新鲜的摇滚乐队就在那里，你只需要深入挖掘。通过在线音乐博客搜索，可以发现越来越多的新摇滚乐队。虽然摇滚乐队现在不像以前那么受欢迎，也没有得到主流媒体的关注，但火焰仍然燃烧得很亮。)”可知，尽管摇滚乐队在主流音乐中不再像以前那样受欢迎，但是摇滚音乐通过引进其他的音乐风格或融入一些科技元素，从而以新的风格呈现，有许多新摇滚乐队正在涌现。因此，标题“ANewKindofMusicIsEmerging”突出了新兴摇滚音乐的产生。故选C。DChinesematerialscientistshavefoundthesoilonthemoonmaypotentiallybeabletogenerateoxygenandfuel,afindingthatmeansmorepossibilitiesofhumanstouselunarresourcestofurtherexplorationofthemoonandbeyond.TheresearchersatNanjingUniversityshowedthatthelunarsamplebroughtbackbyChina’sChang’e5containsactivepounds(化合物)thatcanchangecarbondioxideintooxygenandfuel.Initially,theyhopedtodesignasystemthattookadvantageoflunarsoilandsolarradiation,thetworichresourcesonthemoon,accordingtoastudypublishedonThursdayinthejournalJoule.AfteranalyzingtheChang’e5’slunarsoiltheteamfoundthesamplecontainedmetalrichsubstances,whichcouldworkasacatalyst(催化剂)tomakeoxygenusingsunlightandcarbondioxide.Theteamproposedastrategyusinglunarsoiltoelectrolyzewaterfromthemoonandtheastronauts’lifesupportsystemintooxygenandhydrogen.Theprocesswaspoweredbysunlight.Thecarbondioxidebreathedoutbymooninhabitantscanbecollectedandbinedwithhydrogentoproducethefuel,alsocatalyzedbythelunarsoil,accordingtothestudy.Theresearcherssaidwiththismethod,noexternalenergyapartfromsunlightwouldbeusedtoproduceoxygenandfueltosupportlifeonamoonbase.“Weusetheenvironmentalresourcestominimizerocketpayload,andourstrategyprovidesascenarioforasustainableandaffordablelivingenvironmentforlifeoutoftheEarth,”saidthepaper’sfirstauthorYaoYingfangfromNanjingUniversity,expressinghisassumption.“ThechallengeliesinthefactthatcatalyticefficiencyoflunarsoilislowerthancatalystsontheEarth,”saidtheresearchers.Theyaretestingdifferentapproachesinordertoimprovethedesign.TheteamislookingforanopportunitytotestthesysteminspacewithChina’sfuturemannedlunarmissions.32.WhatisthemainimplicationofChinesescientists’discoveryofthemoon’ssoil?A.Themoonisrichinrareelements. B.Lunarsoilcanbeusedforexploringspace.C.Themooncanbelivedonbyhumanbeings. D.Lunarsoilisanewrenewableenergysource.33.Whatdidtheresearchersworkonaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Theprocessofthesunproducinglight.B.TheanalysisofChina’sChang’e5’swork.C.Thesupportivemethodproducingmetalrichsubstances.D.Thesustainablelivingstrategyemployinglunarresources.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scenario”inparagraph4probablymean?A.Profession. B.Contract. C.Vision. D.Sponsor.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?AThediscoveryofactivepoundsonthemoon.B.Thetestingapproachestoimprovingthelunarsoil.C.Theresearchontheenvironmentalsystemofthemoon.D.Thestudyofusinglunarsoilforoxygenandfuelproduction.【答案】32.B33.D34.C35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国科学家发现月球土壤可能具有生成氧气和燃料的潜力，这一发现意味着人类可以利用月球资源进一步探索月球及其它星球。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Chinesematerialscientistshavefoundthesoilonthemoonmaypotentiallybeabletogenerateoxygenandfuel,afindingthatmeansmorepossibilitiesofhumanstouselunarresourcestofurtherexplorationofthemoonandbeyond.(中国材料科学家发现，月球上的土壤可能能够产生氧气和燃料，这一发现意味着人类利用月球资源进一步探索月球及其他地方的可能性更大。)”可知，中国科学家发现月球土壤能够产生氧气和燃料，这意味着可以利用月球土壤进一步探索太空。故选B。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的“AfteranalyzingtheChang’e5’slunarsoil,theteamfoundthesamplecontainedmetalrichsubstances,whichcouldworkasacatalysttomakeoxygenusingsunlightandcarbondioxide.Theteamproposedastrategyusinglunarsoiltoelectrolyzewaterfromthemoonandtheastronauts’lifesupportsystemintooxygenandhydrogen.Theprocesswaspoweredbysunlight.Thecarbondioxidebreathedoutbymooninhabitantscanbecollectedandbinedwithhydrogentoproducethefuel,alsocatalyzedbythelunarsoil,accordingtothestudy.Theresearcherssaidwiththismethod,noexternalenergyapartfromsunlightwouldbeusedtoproduceoxygenandfueltosupportlifeonamoonbase.(在分析了嫦娥五号的月球土壤后，研究小组发现样本中含有富含金属的物质，可以作为催化剂，利用阳光和二氧化碳制造氧气。该团队提出了一种策略，利用月球土壤将月球和宇航员生命维持系统中的水电解成氧气和氢气。这个过程是由阳光驱动的。根据这项研究，月球居民呼出的二氧化碳可以被收集起来，并与氢结合来生产燃料，也可以由月球土壤催化。研究人员表示，通过这种方法，除了阳光之外，没有任何外部能量可以用来产生氧气和燃料，以支持月球基地的生命。)

”可知，研究人员利用月球资源进行可持续生存策略的研究。故选D。【34题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Theresearcherssaidwiththismethod,noexternalenergyapartfromsunlightwouldbeusedtoproduceoxygenandfueltosupportlifeonamoonbase.(研究人员表示，通过这种方法，除了阳光之外，不需要任何外部能量被用来产生氧气和燃料，以支持月球基地的生命。)”可知，目前人类在月球上不能像在地球上一样生存，再由第四段的““Weusetheenvironmentalresourcestominimizerocketpayload,andourstrategyprovidesa

scenarioforasustainableandaffordablelivingenvironmentforlifeoutoftheEarth,”saidthepaper’sfirstauthorYaoYingfangfromNanjingUniversity,expressinghisassumption.(该论文的第一作者、来自南京大学的姚英芳表示：“我们利用环境资源来最小化火箭的有效载荷，我们的战略为地球以外的生命提供了一个可持续的、负担得起的生活环境的愿景。”)”可知，通过对月球土壤资源的研究利用，人类有望在月球上得以生存，因此划线词意为“愿景，构想”。故选C。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“Chinesematerialscientistshavefoundthesoilonthemoonmaypotentiallybeabletogenerateoxygenandfuel,afindingthatmeansmorepossibilitiesofhumanstouselunarresourcestofurtherexplorationofthemoonandbeyond.(中国材料科学家发现，月球上的土壤可能能够产生氧气和燃料，这一发现意味着人类利用月球资源进一步探索月球及其他地方的可能性更大。)”和第二段的“TheresearchersatNanjingUniversityshowedthatthelunarsamplebroughtbackbyChina’sChang’e5containsactivepoundsthatcanchangecarbondioxideintooxygenandfuel.Initially,theyhopedtodesignasystemthattookadvantageoflunarsoilandsolarradiation,thetworichresourcesonthemoon,accordingtoastudypublishedonThursdayinthejournalJoule.(南京大学的研究人员表明，中国嫦娥五号带回的月球样本含有活性化合物，可以将二氧化碳转化为氧气和燃料。根据周四发表在《焦耳》杂志上的一项研究，最初，他们希望设计一个利用月球土壤和太阳辐射的系统，这是月球上两种丰富的资源。)”可知，这篇文章讲述了中国科学家发现月球土壤可以用于生产氧气和燃料，这意味着可以利用月球土壤进一步探索太空。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thevoicewithincanbeyourinsideguidancesystemtowarddevelopmentandoptimism.Butsometimes,thatinnerdialoguealsopresentsacriticalvoicethatpointsoutshortings,limitsandconcerns.____36____●Identifynegativethoughts.____37____Soyoumustfirstlearnhowtoidentifythesethoughtstobreakthebadcycleofnegativethoughtpatterns.Itisimportantforyoutowritedownanynegativethoughtthatmaybeingtoyourmind.Youmayreplacenegativethoughtswithhealthyonesasyoubegintochangeyourwayofthinking.●____38____Ifyouwanttoliveahappyandfulfillinglife,it’svitaltosurroundyourselfwithpeoplewhowanttoseeyoudogoodandsupportyourhighestself.Spendalotoftimetogetherwithfriendswhoexpresshealthythoughtsandapositivemindset,andthenyourownthoughtpatterncanbepositivelyinfluenced.●Shiftyourmindsettowardgrowth.Agrowthmindsetisabeliefthatyourtalentswilldevelopovertime.Apersonwithagrowthmindsettendstobelesslikelytosuffermentalhealthproblemsthansomeonewithafixedmindset.Peoplewithafixedmindsettendtobeestuckintheirways,withrepetitivethoughtscirclingaroundtheirheads.____39____Itcanguidethemtowardhappinessandsuccess.●Choosetorespondratherthanreact.Often,whenpeoplefeeltouched,theyreactwithoutthinking.____40____However,bychoosingtorespondmindfullyratherthanreact,youarecontrollingyourthoughtsinahealthyway.Sonexttimeyounoticeapowerfulthoughtingup,takeamomenttoreflectbeforereacting.A.Chooseyourfriendcirclewisely.B.Spendmuchtimewithallkindsoffriends.C.Herearesomewaystotrainyourinnervoice.D.Itiseasytochangeyourwayofthinkingandmindset.E.Thisusuallyendswithsayingsomethingtheymayregret.F.Peoplewholackconfidencecanallownegativethoughtstoguidethem.G.However,thosewhodevelopagrowthmindsetoftenexpressdetermination.【答案】36.C37.F38.A39.G40.E【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了一些训练内心声音的方法，包括识别消极思想、明智地选择朋友圈、转变成长心态以及选择回应而非反应等。【36题详解】根据下文第二、四、五段首句“Identifynegativethoughts.Shiftyourmindsettowardgrowth.Choosetorespondratherthanreact.(识别消极的想法；转变你的心态，向着成长前进；选择回应而不是反应)”可知是在介绍一些方法，与C项“Herearesomewaystotrainyourinnervoice.(这里有一些训练你内心声音的方法。)”表达的意思一致，起到引出下文的作用，故选C。【37题详解】根据下文“Soyoumustfirstlearnhowtoidentifythesethoughtstobreakthebadcycleofnegativethoughtpatterns.(所以你必须首先学习如何识别这些想法，以打破消极思维模式的恶性循环。)”可知此处应该是说明为什么要识别消极想法，F项“Peoplewholackconfidencecanallownegativethoughtstoguidethem.(缺乏自信的人可能会让消极的想法引导他们。)”符合语境，故选F。【38题详解】根据下文“Ifyouwanttoliveahappyandfulfillinglife,it’svitaltosurroundyourselfwithpeoplewhowanttoseeyoudogoodandsupportyourhighestself.(如果你想过幸福和充实的生活，与那些希望看到你做得好并支持你做到最好的自己的人在一起是至关重要的。)”可知此处强调要与那些希望看到你做得好并支持你做到最好的自己的人在一起，A项“Chooseyourfriendcirclewisely.(明智地选择你的朋友圈。)”符合语境，故选A。【39题详解】根据上文“Apersonwithagrowthmindsettendstobelesslikelytosuffermentalhealthproblemsthansomeonewithafixedmindset(具有成长型思维模式的人比具有固定型思维模式的人患心理健康问题的可能性要小)”可知此处说的是成长型思维模式的人的特点，G项“However,thosewhodevelopagrowthmindsetoftenexpressdetermination.(然而，那些发展成长型思维模式的人通常表现出决心。)”符合语境，故选G。【40题详解】根据上文“Often,whenpeoplefeeltouched,theyreactwithoutthinking.(通常，当人们感到被触动时，他们会不假思索地做出反应。)”可知此处应该是说明这种不假思索的反应带来的后果，E项“Thisusuallyendswithsayingsomethingtheymayregret.(这通常以说一些他们可能会后悔的话而告终。)”符合语境，故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Oneevening,amanwasinjuredinanaccidentandrushedtoahospital.Alreadyinshock,hewasfoundwithmultipleinjuries,____41____acriticalheadinjury.Immediate____42____wasneededtostopthelifethreateningsituation.At9:00pm,theoperationstartedandwassupposedtobe____43____inabouttwohours.Whenthedoctorswereabouttosewupthepatient’sheadatabout10:30pm,a(n)____44____thinghappened.Thenursewatchingthemonitorsensedthe____45____firstandcalledout,“Anearthquake.”Yet,thedoctorsweretoo____46____tonoticethesituation.Afterthenurse____47____,thedoctorsfinallyliftedtheirheadsandnoticedthedanger.Everythingintheoperationroomwas____48____.Yet,iftheoperationwasstoppedandthepatient’sheadwasleft____49____,hislifewouldbeendangered.“Calmdown!Calmdown!”themedicalstaff_____50_____eachother.Atthesametime,after_____51_____allrelatedequipment,theydecidedtocontinue.However,itwasgettingworseastheoperationproceeded,andthenurseshadtoholdtheoperationtabletightlyto_____52_____it.Byvirtueoftheteam’s_____53_____andexcellentprofessionalskills,theypletedthehighriskoperation_____54_____beforeaworseconditionmayhappen.Thepatientrecoveredwelllater.Manypeopleare_____55_____bythegreatloveandselflessnessoftheangelsinwhiteandshowthumbsupforthem.41.A.seemingly B.especially C.actually D.extremely42.A.surgery B.relief C.explanation D.delivery43.A.arranged B.reported C.pleted D.improved44.A.irreplaceable B.familiar C.confusing D.unexpected45.A.mistake B.abnormality C.behavior D.failure46.A.scared B.tired C.concentrated D.curious47.A.repeated B.recalled C.returned D.withdrew48.A.shaking B.piling C.sinking D.disappearing49.A.lifted B.open C.covered D.bare50.A.believed B.forted C.respected D.promised51.A.updating B.obta