2025届内蒙古呼和浩特市高三上学期第一次质量监测英语试卷（解析版）

2025届高三年级第一次质量监测英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号写在答题卡上。2.选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话仅读一遍。例:Excuseme,canyoutellmehowmuchtheshirtis?A.£19.15B.£9.18C.£9.15答案是C。1.HowwillthespeakersgobacktoLondon?A.Byair.B.Bytrain.C.Bycar.2.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.OnMonday.B.OnTuesday.C.OnWednesday.3.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Attendameeting.B.Stayathome.C.Gotoaclub.4.Whatwilltheweatherbelikethisweekend?A.Snowy.B.Stormy.C.Fine.5.Whatiswrongwiththeman?AHisfeethurt.B.Hisshoesdon'tfithim.C.Hemissedalongwalkyesterday.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A，B，C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6，7题。6.Whereistheaccountingoffice?A.Onthe4thfloor.B.Onthe5thfloor.C.Onthe6thfloor.7.Wherewillthewomangofirst?A.TheThairestaurant.B.Theaccountingoffice.C.Theshippingdepartment.听下面一段对话，回答第8，9题。8.Whenistheman'sflightleaving?A.NextFriday.B.NextSaturday.C.NextSunday.9.Howmuchwillthemanhavetopayforalltickets?A.$580.B.$1,160.C.$1,740.听下面一段对话，回答第10至12题。10.HowlongwillittakeJennytowriteherpaperaltogether?A.Twoweeks.B.Threeweeks.C.Oneweek.11.WhichpartisthemostdifficultforJenny?A.Writingthepaper.B.Preparinganoutline.C.Doingtheresearch.12.WhatdoesStanthinkJennyshoulddo?A.Copyhisoutline.B.Makeanoutlinebeforewriting.C.Useheroutlinefromlastsemester.听下面一段对话，回答第13至16题。13.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Driverandpassenger.B.Clubownerandcustomer.C.Interviewerandinterviewee.14.Whatcantheguestsdoonthebus?A.Drivethebus.B.Havecolddrinks.C.Cookfood.15.Whatareguestsexpectedtodoforparties?A.Getdressedsmartly.B.BringtheirVIPcards.C.Bookclubsinadvance.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestguestsdobeforeafancy-dressparty?A.Controlthenumberofpeople.B.Informhimofthebookingtime.C.Avoidwearingjeansandsportsshoes.听下面一段独白，回答第17至20题。17.Wheredoesthespeakercomefrom?A.Australia.B.England.C.America.18.WhatdoEnglishpeoplethinkofAmericans?A.Self-centered.B.Humorous.C.Cool.19.WhatdidthespeakerliketodointheafternooninEngland?A.Haveacupoftea.B.Watchcomedyshows.C.Playwithhisfriends.20.WhatdidthespeakerfindamazinginEngland?A.TheTVprogram.B.Theteashop.C.Theoldbuildings.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节阅读(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AWhichfruitpersonalityareyou?Intheworkplace,wehavetobeabletodealwithpeoplewhoaren’tlikeus.Noonewillchangeforyou,soyoujusthavetorespecttheirdifferences.Whenidentifyingpersonalitytypes,Iliketotalkintermsoffruit.Nobodyisjustonefruit,butweallhaveapreference.Andwetendtoemphasizeourtoptwo,especiallyunderpressure.Herearesomefruitpersonalitiesandhowbesttodealwiththem.TypesIntroduction&ManagementApple:HardCoreAppletypesaredirectanddon’tsufferfools.Theyarefast,logicalthinkerswholovetowinandhatetolosecontrol.They’llgetaresultatanycost,butseeconflictassport.1.Alwaysstanduptothem.2.Gettothepoint.3.Don’ttakeitpersonally.4.Watchandlearnfromthem.Mango:JuicyandMessyMangotypeslovelifeandcan’taffordtomissaminute.Theylovevarietybecausetheytendtobeeasilydistractedandnaturallyrulebreakers.1.Talkbigpicture,avoiddetails.2.Givethemfalsedeadlines.3.Don’tmicro-manage.Lemon:ConcentratedLemontypeslovestructureandorder.Theyareworrierswholikesecurityandpredictability.Theyexcelatspottinggapsinaplan.Buttoomanyrulescanalsobefrustrating.1.Respecttheirneedforspace.2.Don’tsurprisethem.3.Listenwithrespect.4.Showyourpace.Banana:SweetandGentleBananatypesenjoypeaceandshyawayfromconflicts.Theyarekindtoreacttoothers’requests.However,whentheyaretooaccommodating,theycanbeseenasindecisive.1.Don’tpressurethem,motivate.2.Createapositiveenvironment.3.Encourageregularfeedback.4.Benicetothem.1.WhatdopeopleofMangoandLemonpersonalitieshaveincommon?A.Theybothpreferprivatespaceandspecificdeadlines.B.Theybothdislikebeingrestrictedbyexcessiverules.C.Theybothserveasgoodice-breakersoftheworkplace.D.Theybothneedregularfeedbackandbeingmotivated.2.WhoprobablyfavorstheBananaPersonality?A.Jack,aninnovativethinkerwhoiswillingtofacechallenges.B.Adam,abrilliantplannerwhoalwaysstickstohisdailyroutines.C.Nancy,apatientworkerwhoprioritizesharmoniousrelationships.D.Robin,anopen-mindedleaderwhoadvocatesthevalueofdiversity.3.Wherecanthepassageprobablybefound?A.Inanacademicpaper. B.Inanentertainmentbook.C.Inabookreview. D.Inapsychologymagazine.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种水果类型的人格的特点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Mango部分中“Theylovevarietybecausetheytendtobeeasilydistractedandnaturallyrulebreakers.(他们喜欢变化，因为他们很容易分心，天生就会打破常规)”以及Lemon部分中“Buttoomanyrulescanalsobefrustrating.(但是太多的规则也会让其沮丧)”可知，芒果型人格和柠檬型人格的人都不喜欢被过多的规定所限制。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Banana部分中“Bananatypesenjoypeaceandshyawayfromconflicts.(香蕉型的人喜欢和平，回避冲突)”可知，南希，一个耐心的员工，优先考虑和谐的关系是香蕉型人格。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Whenidentifyingpersonalitytypes,Iliketotalkintermsoffruit.Nobodyisjustonefruit,butweallhaveapreference.Andwetendtoemphasizeourtoptwo,especiallyunderpressure.Herearesomefruitpersonalitiesandhowbesttodealwiththem.(在识别人格类型时，我喜欢用水果来描述。没有人只是一种水果，但我们都有自己的偏好。我们倾向于强调我们的前两个，尤其是在压力下。以下是一些水果的个性，以及如何最好地处理它们)”结合文章主要介绍了四种水果类型的人格的特点。可知，这篇文章可能出现在心理学杂志上。故选D。BIarrivedhomefromwork,mymindracing.Iwasscheduledtoperformanexperimentusingapriceypieceofequipment,butIhadspentthewholedayworryingabouttheexperimentwhichwasonthetopofmyagenda(日程),andIamazinglylongedtoshutoffmyanxiousthoughts.Soafterdinner,Imadeacupofhotchocolate,stretchedmyselfonmysofa,andopenedapage.Almostinstantly,mymindleftbehindthedetailsofexperimentaldesignandsteppedintoalandofmonsters,magicdust,andman-likebearscomprisingawonderfulworlddistinct(不同的)frommydailylife.ItwasexactlywhatIneeded.Growingup,Iwasvirtuallyneverabigfanofnovels.MyclassmateswouldbecrazyaboutthelatestHarryPotterbook,whilemycopysatcollectingdustonashelf.Instead,Iwouldchoosetoreadthroughthereferencebooksrelatedtomyacademicfieldsforbettergrades.AfterIstartedgraduateschool,extracurricularreadingdidn’tappealtomeatallbutIspentmostofmytimeoncampusdigestingresearchpapersandtextbooksandmymindcouldn’thandleprocessingfact-fillednonfictionbooksathome,too.SoIknewthatIneededtofindawaytoenjoyreadingagain.Tohelpmestickwithit,ImadeaNewYear’sresolution:Iwouldreadtwofictionbookspermonthfortheentireyear.Theresultwasanalmostinstantappreciationoffiction,alongwithmanyunexpectedresultsincludingonesthathavebenefitedmyschoolwork.WhatsurprisedmethemostwashowmuchIlearned.SomeofthebestbooksIreadwerehistoricalfictionalstorieshappeninginarealistichistoricalsetting.Ilearnedaboutlifeindifferentcountries,aswellasstrugglespeopletherefacedduringdifficultperiodsintheirhistories.Thebookshavehelpedmebuildsympathyandunderstanding,withanunexpectedbenefit:I’vestartedtothinkmoredeeplyaboutthediversityofissuesinthescientificcommunityandcouldserveit,heartandsoul.4.Whatdidtheauthordotowipeouttheanxiety?A.Hedrowneditinchocolate. B.Heconductedanexperiment.C.Hesleptonthesofaleisurely. D.Heescapedintoafantasyworld.5.Whatdoestheauthormeanbytheunderlinedpartinparagraph2?A.Readingnovelswasawasteoftime.B.Readingagoodbookwastimewellspent.CHewastoobusytotakegoodcareofhisbooks.D.TheHarryPotterbookwasn’tasgoodasexpected.6.HowdidtheNewYear’sresolutionbenefittheauthor?A.Moresympathywentouttohim.B.Hismoralvalueswerestrengthened.CHelearnedmuchaboutreligiousdiversity.D.Hegainednewinsightintohisacademicfields.7.What’sthebesttitleofthetext?A.Reading:ALifelongHobby B.ThePowerofResearchPapersC.Novels:LoveatSecondSight D.TheBenefitsofHistoryReading【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是作者的阅读之旅，随着作者对阅读的投入，作者也真正爱上了阅读。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Soafterdinner,Imadeacupofhotchocolate,stretchedmyselfonmysofa,andopenedapage.Almostinstantly,mymindleftbehindthedetailsofexperimentaldesignandsteppedintoalandofmonsters,magicdust,andman-likebearscomprisingawonderfulworlddistinct(不同的)frommydailylife.ItwasexactlywhatIneeded.(晚饭后，我泡了一杯热巧克力，躺在沙发上伸伸懒腰，打开了一页书。顷刻之间，我的思绪离开了实验设计的细节，进入了一个充满怪物、魔尘和像人一样的熊的世界，这是一个与我日常生活截然不同的奇妙世界。这正是我所需要的。)”可知，作者消除自己焦虑的方法就是打开一本书，沉浸到一个幻想的世界之中。故选D项。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线句子下一句“Instead,Iwouldchoosetoreadthroughthereferencebooksrelatedtomyacademicfieldsforbettergrades.(相反，我会选择阅读与我的学科相关的参考书，以获得更好的成绩。)”可知，作者不是不阅读，而是只会阅读与自己学科相关的参考书。由此可知，作者是觉得阅读诸如《哈利波特》这样的小说浪费时间。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Thebookshavehelpedmebuildsympathyandunderstanding,withanunexpectedbenefit:I’vestartedtothinkmoredeeplyaboutthediversityofissuesinthescientificcommunityandcouldserveit,heartandsoul.(这些书帮助我建立了同情和理解，带来了一个意想不到的好处：我开始更深入地思考科学界问题的多样性，并可以全心全意地为之服务。)”可推知，作者所阅读的书让他对自己的学科有了新的见解和看法。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段和第二段可知，作者只会阅读和自己学科相关的书籍，希望自己能取得更好的成绩。根据文章第三段“Tohelpmestickwithit,ImadeaNewYear’sresolution:Iwouldreadtwofictionbookspermonthfortheentireyear.Theresultwasanalmostinstantappreciationoffiction,alongwithmanyunexpectedresultsincludingonesthathavebenefitedmyschoolwork.(为了帮助我坚持下去，我制定了一个新年计划：一整年每个月读两本小说。结果是，我几乎立刻就对小说产生了欣赏，还有许多意想不到的结果，包括一些对我的学业有益的结果。)”可知，作者开始阅读小说之后有了许多意想不到的结果。由此可知，C项Novels:LoveatSecondSight(小说：一见钟情)适合作本文最佳标题。故选C项。CWhydowefinduglyanimalssoappealing?Andwhatmakesodd-lookingcreaturessocute?Evolution(进化)playsarole.AccordingtoAustrianzoologistKonradLorenz,humanattractiontochildishfeatures,suchasbigeyes,largeheadsandsoftbodies,isanevolutionaryadaptationthathelpsensurethatadultscarefortheiryoung,guaranteeingthesurvivaloftheirspecies.Odd-lookinganimalssuchasblobfish,pugs,andbulldogsallsharethesechildishqualitiesthatinitiateanaffectionateresponseamonghumans.Andthesechildishcharacteristicsincreaseaperson’s“protectivebehavior,attentionandwillingnesstocare”fortheindividualandreducethe“likelihoodofattackstowardsachild”,saysMartaBorgi,aresearcher.Uglyanimalsoftenhaveothervalue—some,liketheblobfishorthenakedmolerat,liveinextremeenvironmentsthattheyhaveadaptedtoinremarkableways.Scientistsarekeentostudytheseanimalstounderstandwhethertheirbiologymightprovidefreshinsightsthatcouldleadtotreatmentsforhumanhealthconditionssuchascancer,heartdiseaseandotherdeadlydiseases.Ourfascinationwithugly-cuteanimalscanalsobetracedbacktoculturally-basedcauses.“Theugly-cutethingisveryfashionable,”saysRowenaPacker,alecturerofanimalbehavior.“Thisispartlydrivenbysocialmedia,withmanyinfluentialpeopleshowingoffpetpugsandFrenchbulldogsontheInternet,”shesays.Buttherearesomeseriouswelfareconcernsaroundthistrend.Vetsareurgingpeoplenottochooseaflat-faceddog,becausetheysufferfromserioushealthproblems.PugsandFrenchbulldogswhichhavebeenselectivelyproducedexperiencebreathingdifficulties,repeatedskininfectionsandeyediseases.Wemaywanttorethinkourlovefor“ugly-cute”animalsbecauseoftheirsillyfeatureslikeprotruding(鼓出的)eyesandwrinklyfaces.8.WhydopeoplelikeuglyanimalsaccordingtoKonradLorenz?A.Peopleappriciatetheireffortstosurvive. B.Peopleappreciatetheirsuperadaptability.C.Peopleareattractedbytheirchildishlooks. D.Peoplearefondoftheirfastresponsespeed.9.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Whatmediaarechangingpeople. B.Howpublicpracticesinfluencepeople.C.Whethersocialmediaisworthbelieving. D.Whycelebritiesshowofftheirpetanimals.10.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardspeople’sloveforuglyanimals?A.Opposed. B.Supportive. C.Indifferent. D.Cautious.11.HowdoestheauthormainlyanswerthequestionsraisedinParagraph1?A.Byquotingdifferentresearchers’findings. B.Byshowingsomeexamplesofkeepingpets.C.Byobservingpeople’sbehaviortowardsanimals. D.Byreferringtoauthoritativeevolutionarytheory.【答案】8.C9.B10.D11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了我们觉得又丑又可爱的动物如此有吸引力的原因以及又丑又可爱的动物的其他价值。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“AccordingtoAustrianzoologistKonradLorenz,humanattractiontochildishfeatures,suchasbigeyes,largeheadsandsoftbodies,isanevolutionaryadaptationthathelpsensurethatadultscarefortheiryoung,guaranteeingthesurvivaloftheirspecies.Odd-lookinganimalssuchasblobfish,pugs,andbulldogsallsharethesechildishqualitiesthatinitiateanaffectionateresponseamonghumans..(根据奥地利动物学家KonradLorenz说法，人类对大眼睛、大头和柔软身体等幼稚特征的吸引力是一种进化适应，有助于确保成年人照顾他们的幼崽，保证他们物种的生存。长相古怪的动物，如斑点鱼、哈巴狗和斗牛犬，都有这些幼稚的品质，这些品质会在人类中引发深情的反应。)”可知，人们喜欢丑陋的动物是因为被它们幼稚的外表所吸引。故选C。【9题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Ourfascinationwithugly-cuteanimalscanalsobetracedbacktoculturally-basedcauses.“Theugly-cutethingisveryfashionable,”saysRowenaPacker,alecturerofanimalbehavior.“Thisispartlydrivenbysocialmedia,withmanyinfluentialpeopleshowingoffpetpugsandFrenchbulldogsontheInternet,”shesays.(我们对又丑又可爱的动物的迷恋也可以追溯到基于文化的原因。动物行为学讲师罗威娜·帕克说：“这种丑与可爱的结合非常流行。”她说：“这在一定程度上是由社交媒体推动的，许多有影响力的人在互联网上展示宠物哈巴狗和法国斗牛犬。”)”可知，第四段主要讲的是公共行为如何影响人们。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Buttherearesomeseriouswelfareconcernsaroundthistrend.Vetsareurgingpeoplenottochooseaflat-faceddog,becausetheysufferfromserioushealthproblems.PugsandFrenchbulldogswhichhavebeenselectivelyproducedexperiencebreathingdifficulties,repeatedskininfectionsandeyediseases.(但这一趋势引发了一些严重的福利担忧。兽医敦促人们不要选择平脸狗，因为它们有严重的健康问题。选择性饲养的巴哥犬和法国斗牛犬会出现呼吸困难、反复皮肤感染和眼疾)”以及最后一段“Wemaywanttorethinkourlovefor“ugly-cute”animalsbecauseoftheirsillyfeatureslikeprotruding(鼓出的)eyesandwrinklyfaces.(我们可能需要重新考虑我们对“又丑又可爱”的动物的爱，因为它们有突出的眼睛和皱纹的脸等愚蠢的特征)”可推知，作者对人们对丑陋动物的喜爱持谨慎态度。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“AccordingtoAustrianzoologistKonradLorenz,humanattractiontochildishfeatures,suchasbigeyes,largeheadsandsoftbodies,isanevolutionaryadaptationthathelpsensurethatadultscarefortheiryoung,guaranteeingthesurvivaloftheirspecies.(根据奥地利动物学家KonradLorenz的说法，人类对大眼睛、大头和柔软身体等幼稚特征的吸引力是一种进化适应，有助于确保成年人照顾他们的幼崽，保证他们物种的生存)”以及“Andthesechildishcharacteristicsincreaseaperson’s“protectivebehavior,attentionandwillingnesstocare”fortheindividualandreducethe“likelihoodofattackstowardsachild”,saysMartaBorgi,aresearcher.(研究人员MartaBorgi说，这些孩子气的特征增加了一个人对个人的“保护行为、关注和关心意愿”，减少了“攻击孩子的可能性”)”可推知，作者主要通过引用不同研究人员的发现回答第1段提出的问题。故选A。DWhenweencounteratroublesomeproblem,weoftengatheragrouptobrainstorm.However,substantialevidencehasshownthatwhenwegenerateideastogether,wefailtomaximizecollectiveintelligence.Tounearththehiddenpotentialinteams,we’rebetteroffshiftingtoaprocesscalled“brainwriting”.Youstartbyaskinggroupmemberstowritedownwhatisgoingonintheirbrainsseparately.Next,youpoolthemandsharethemamongthegroupwithouttellingtheauthors.Then,eachmemberevaluatesthemonhisorherown,onlyafterwhichdotheteammemberscometogethertoselectandimprovethemostpromisingoptions.Bydevelopingandassessingideasindividuallybeforechoosingandexpandingon

them,theteamcansurfaceandadvancepossibilitiesthatmightnotgetattentionotherwise.Anexampleofgreatbrainwritingwasin2010when33minersweretrappedundergroundinChile.Giventheurgencyofthesituation,therescueteamdidn’tholdbrainstormingsessions.Rather,theyestablishedaglobalbrainwritingsystemtogenerateindividualideas.A24-year-oldengineercameupwithatinyplastictelephone.Thisspecializedtoolendedupbecomingtheonlymeansofcommunicatingwiththeminers,makingitpossibletosavethem.ResearchbyorganizationalbehaviorscholarAnitaWoolleyandhercolleagueshelpstoexplainwhythismethodworks.Theyfindthatthekeytocollectiveintelligenceisbalancedparticipation.Inbrainstormingmeetings,it’stooeasyforparticipationtobecomeone-sidedinfavoroftheloudestvoices.Thebrainwritingprocessensuresthatallideasarebroughttothetableandallvoicesarebroughtintoconversation.Thegoalisn’t

tobethesmartestpersonintheroom.It’stomaketheroomsmarter.Collectiveintelligencebeginswithindividualcreativity,butitdoesn’tendthere.Individualsproduceagreatervolumeandvarietyofnovelideaswhentheyworkalone.Thatmeanstheynotonlycomeupwithmorebrilliantideasthangroupsbutalsomoreterribleideas.Therefore,ittakescollectivejudgmenttofindthesignalinthenoiseand

bringoutthebestideas.12.Whatisspecialaboutbrainwritingcomparedwithbrainstorming?A.Ithighlightsindependentwork. B.Itencouragesgroupcooperation.C.Itprioritizesqualityoverquantity. D.Itpreferswritingtooralexchanges.13.WhydoestheauthormentiontheChileminingaccidentinparagraph3?A.Tointroduceatooldevelopedduringbrainwriting.B.Topraiseayoungmanwithbrainwritingtechnique.C.Toillustrateasuccessfulapplicationofbrainwriting.D.Toexplaintheroleofbrainwritingincommunication.14.Howdoesbrainwritingpromotecollectiveintelligenceaccordingtoparagraph4?A.Byblockingtheloudestvoices. B.Byallowingequalinvolvement.C.Byimprovingindividualwisdom. D.Bygeneratingmorecreativeideas.15.Whichstepofbrainwritingdoestheauthorstressinthelastparagraph?A.Individual

writing. B.Groupsharing.C.Personalevaluation. D.Jointdiscussion.【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。大量证据表明，当我们运用头脑风暴共同产生想法时，我们无法最大限度地提高集体智慧。为了挖掘团队中隐藏的潜力，我们最好进行“书面头脑风暴法”。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Youstartbyaskinggroupmemberstowritedownwhatisgoingonintheirbrainsseparately.Next,youpoolthemandsharethemamongthegroupwithouttellingtheauthors.Then,eachmemberevaluatesthemonhisorherown,onlyafterwhichdotheteammemberscometogethertoselectandimprovethemostpromisingoptions.(你首先要求小组成员分别写下他们大脑中发生的事情。接下来，你将它们汇集在一起，并在不告诉作者的情况下在小组中共享。然后，每个成员自己对其进行评估，只有在评估之后，团队成员才会聚集在一起，选择并改进最有希望的选项。)”可知，与头脑风暴相比，书面头脑风暴法的特别之处在于它强调独立工作。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的首句“Anexampleofgreatbrainwritingwasin2010when33minersweretrappedundergroundinChile.(2010年，智利有33名矿工被困井下，这就是一个伟大的脑力写作的例子。)”可推知，作者在本段提到智利的采矿事故是为了说明书面头脑风暴法的成功应用。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Thebrainwritingprocessensuresthatallideasarebroughttothetableandallvoicesarebroughtintoconversation.Thegoalisn’t

tobethesmartestpersonintheroom.(书面头脑风暴法确保所有的想法都能被带到桌面上，所有的声音都能被带入对话。我们的目标不是成为房间里最聪明的人。)”可知，书面头脑风暴法要求每个人都参与，贡献自己的智慧。因此，通过允许平等参与促进集体智力。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Collectiveintelligencebeginswithindividualcreativity,butitdoesn’tendthere.Individualsproduceagreatervolumeandvarietyofnovelideaswhentheyworkalone.Thatmeanstheynotonlycomeupwithmorebrilliantideasthangroupsbutalsomoreterribleideas.Therefore,ittakescollectivejudgmenttofindthesignalinthenoiseand

bringoutthebestideas.(集体智慧始于个人创造力，但它并没有就此结束。当个人独自工作时，他们会产生更多的新颖想法。这意味着他们不仅提出了比团体更聪明的想法，而且提出了更可怕的想法。因此，需要集体判断才能在噪声中找到信号并提出最佳想法。)”可知，集体智慧始于个人创造力，但是在个人产生想法后，要有集体判断才能得到最佳想法。因此本段强调了共同讨论的重要性。故选D。第二节七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tiredoftraditionalchlorinated(含氯的)pools?Considerasaltwaterpool,apopulartrendinrecentyears.Asaltwaterpoolisatypeofswimmingpoolthatusesasaltchlorinegeneratortoproduceitsownsupplyofchlorine.Thismeansinsteadofmanuallyaddingharsh(刺激性的)chemicalstoapool,thegeneratorchangessaltintochlorineandreleasesitintothewaterasneeded.___16___Theystillcontainlevelsofchlorineandotherminerals,buttheamountissignificantlylow.Whatsetssaltwaterpoolsapartfromtheirtraditionalcounterparts?Withtraditionalchlorinepools,ownersmustmonitorandadjustchemicallevelsregularlytomaintainproperbalance-toomuchortoolittlecancausemajorproblemsforswimmers.___17___Withasaltwatersystemsetupinthepool,onedoesn’thavetospendasmuchtimetestingandadjustingchemicallevels.Thegeneratorautomaticallyproducesenoughchlorinebasedonthepool’ssize.___18___Haveyoueverbeeninatraditionalchlorinepoolanyhomeoutwithred,irritated(刺痒的)skinorburningeyes?___19___Saltwaterpools,however,useasaltwaterchlorinationsystemthatproducesnaturalchlorinetotreatthewater,whichiskindertotheskinandeyes.Plus,mineralslikemagnesiumandpotassiuminsaltwaterpoolscanbenefittheskin.___20___Saltwaterpoolsrequirefewerchemicaladditionsandresultinlowerchlorinebyproductemissions.Sincethere’snoneedforchemicalstorage,there’slessriskofaccidentsorspills.A.You’llleaveasaltwaterpoolfeelingrefreshed.B.Switchingtosaltwaterpoolsisalsoeco-friendly.C.Thiscanbequiteexhaustingandtime-consuming.D.It’snosecretthatchlorinecanbeharshonthebody.E.However,saltwaterpoolsarenotcompletelychemical-free.F.Soonedoesn’thavetoworryaboutthestrongsmellofchlorine.G.It’slikehavinganassistantmanagetheaffairswhileyoujustenjoyyourself!【答案】16.E17.C18.G19.D20.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了盐水泳池及其相对于传统的含氯泳池的优点。【16题详解】根据后文“Theystillcontainlevelsofchlorineandotherminerals,buttheamountissignificantlylow.(它们仍然含有氯和其他矿物质，但含量很低)”可知，空后一句盐水泳池仍然含有氯和其他矿物质，可知此处需要一个句子表示转折，提供了一个重要的澄清，即盐水泳池并不是完全不含化学物质。故E选项“然而，盐水池并非完全没有化学物质”符合语境，故选E。【17题详解】根据上文“Whatsetssaltwaterpoolsapartfromtheirtraditionalcounterparts?Withtraditionalchlorinepools,ownersmustmonitorandadjustchemicallevelsregularlytomaintainproperbalance-toomuchortoolittlecancausemajorproblemsforswimmers.(是什么让盐水池与传统的同类水池区别开来？对于传统的含氯泳池，业主必须定期监测和调整化学物质的含量，以保持适当的平衡——过多或过少都会给游泳者带来严重的问题)”可知，空前一句提到传统氯池需要定期监测和调整化学水平，故本句承接上文说明这一做法的利弊。故C选项“这很累人，也很耗时”符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】根据上文“Withasaltwatersystemsetupinthepool,onedoesn’thavetospendasmuchtimetestingandadjustingchemicallevels.Thegeneratorautomaticallyproducesenoughchlorinebasedonthepool’ssize.(在游泳池里安装了盐水系统，人们就不必花那么多时间测试和调整化学物质的含量。发生器根据池的大小自动产生足够的氯)”可知，上文提到盐水池系统安装后，人们不必花费同样多的时间测试和调整化学水平，发生器会根据泳池大小自动产生足够的氯，此处需要一个句子来说明盐水池系统的好处。故G选项“这就像让一个助理处理事务，而你只管尽情享受！”符合语境，故选G。【19题详解】根据上文“Haveyoueverbeeninatraditionalchlorinepoolanyhomeoutwithred,irritated(刺痒的)skinorburningeyes?(你是否曾经在传统的氯池中，或者在家里发现皮肤发红、过敏或眼睛灼热？)”可知，空前一句提到在传统氯池中游泳后，人们可能会感到皮肤发红、刺痛或眼睛灼痛，因此可以推断氯对人体有刺激作用。又根据后文“Saltwaterpools,however,useasaltwaterchlorinationsystemthatproducesnaturalchlorinetotreatthewater,whichiskindertotheskinandeyes.Plus,mineralslikemagnesiumandpotassiuminsaltwaterpoolscanbenefittheskin.(然而，盐水池使用的是一种能产生天然氯的盐水氯化系统来处理水，这对皮肤和眼睛更友好。此外，盐水池中的镁和钾等矿物质对皮肤有益)”提到盐水泳池使用的是盐水加氯系统，该系统产生天然氯来消毒水质，这对皮肤和眼睛更为温和，前后形成对比，故D选项“氯对身体有害已经不是什么秘密了”符合语境，故选D。【20题详解】根据本段内容“Saltwaterpoolsrequirefewerchemicaladditionsandresultinlowerchlorinebyproductemissions.Sincethere’snoneedforchemicalstorage,there’slessriskofaccidentsorspills.(咸水池需要较少的化学添加剂，导致较少的氯副产品排放。由于不需要化学储存，事故或泄漏的风险就会降低)”可知，本段主要说明了盐水泳池对环境友好，故B选项“改用咸水池也是环保的”符合语境，故选B。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。HaveyoueverheardofandseenCanadiangeese?Doyouknowthatthey___21___freshgrassandseeds?Canadiangeesehaveagood___22___fortheirpoliteness.Theyalwaysbowdowntoyouwheneveryouwalkby.However,Ihaverecentlyfoundthattheycansometimesbe___23___totheirpeers,especiallyonoccasionswhentheyquarrelforfood——yes,these___24___gentlemendoquarrel,justforsomethingtoeatYesterdayIwitnessedtwoCanadianGeesearguing___25___foraclump(草丛)ofbeautifulfreshgrass.Theclumpwas___26___rightinthemiddleofthem,whilethetwowereshoutingnoisily,stretchingtheirnecksaslongastheycouldtolookaggressivelyateachother.It’s___27___towitnessthe“impolite”sideofCanadiangeese.Hence,Icouldn’thelp___28___mymorningwalk,standingstilltowatchthese“gentlemen”quarreling.Interestingly,afterashortwhile,atruckroaredpasttheirfeast,disturbingtheir___29___conversation.Thetwogeesewereequally___30___bythemassive“monster”,thusgivinguptheirconversation.Wouldtheystartquarrelingagain?Istoodstill,___31___theridiculousquestionandwaited.Beyondmyexpectation,rightafterthetruck’spassingby,thetwogeeseimmediatelylosttheir___32___forquarrelingasiftheyhadforgottenallaboutwhathadhappened.Eventhetwoturnedaroundandleftthe___33___inoppositedirectionsasifnothinghadhappened.Theyleftonlymethere,imaginingwhatmighthavehappenedwithoutthe___34___.Theygotalongharmoniouslyagain.Sometimesit’snotthatbadtobe___35___.21.A.drawon B.focuson C.feedon D.tryon22.A.desire B.reputation C.affection D.appetite23.A.generous B.faithful C.weird D.rude24.A.well-informed B.well-dressed C.well-behaved D.well-balanced25.A.fiercely B.blindly C.cautiously D.gently26.A.deserted B.located C.fixed D.laid27.A.frequent B.rare C.common D.constant28.A.restricting B.changing C.pausing D.speeding29.A.desperate B.simple C.serious D.disharmonious30.A.frightened B.annoyed C.crashed D.injured31.A.findingout B.dealingwith C.lookinginto D.wonderingabout32.A.passion B.reason C.talent D.anxiety33.A.scene B.destination C.landscape D.park34.A.looker-on B.passer-by C.truck D.clump35.A.upset B.forgetful C.mean D.greedy【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.C25.A26.B27.B28.C29.D30.A31.D