专题42 完形填空满分策略（练案）解析版

1/52高考一轮复习知识清单专题42完形填空满分策略（练案）解析版（高考考情+思维导图+真题演练+名校模拟）目录一、完形填空高考考情P1二、完形填空思维导图P2三、完形填空真题演练（4组）P3【真题演练：2023题组】P3【真题演练：2022题组】P11【真题演练：2021题组】P16【真题演练：2020题组】P20四、完形填空名校模拟（15篇）P22【名校模拟一：人与自我类完形填空】P22【名校模拟二：人与社会类完形填空】P32【名校模拟三：人与自然类完形填空】P42一、完形填空高考考情2020-2024年高考英语完形填空考情分析卷别体裁题材词数动词名词形容词副词介词2024新课标I卷记叙文凡是要有自己主见23485112024新课标II卷记叙文友善行为美食力量2279512024全国甲卷记叙文厨房里的祖母聊天276783112023新课标I卷记叙文越野赛的善行义举2257712023新课标II卷记叙文帮狗狗与主人团聚20973412023全国甲卷记叙文学会不要以貌取物24994612023全国乙卷记叙文体操奥运冠军故事244123412022新课标I卷记叙文家庭野营趣味经历218553112022新课标II卷记叙文环球旅行免费住宿2095642022全国甲卷记叙文因狗结缘爱情故事27787132022全国乙卷说明文孩子捉迷藏的研究26177422021新课标I卷记叙文暑期短暂打工体验2309422021新课标II卷记叙文中国警察无畏事迹1927712021全国甲卷记叙文致歉酒店终获原谅242105412021全国乙卷夹叙夹议女患巧妙感谢医护261107122020新课标卷记叙文海岛植树保护环境22556312020全国卷I记叙文请不要对孩子说谎251683212020全国卷II记叙文竞拍名画竟是真迹287114322020全国卷III记叙文应对难对付的顾客26583612二、完形填空思维导图三、完形填空真题演练〖2023年高考真题题组〗【2023▪新高考I卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。OnOct.11,hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryraceinMinnesota.MelanieBaileyshouldhave21thecourseearlierthanshedid.Her22camebecauseshewascarryinga23acrossthefinishline.Asreportedbyalocalnewspaper,Baileywasmorethantwo-thirdsofthewaythroughher24whenarunnerinfrontofherbegancryinginpain.She25tohelpherfellowrunner,DanielleLenoue.Baileytookherarmtoseeifshecouldwalkforwardwith26.Shecouldn’t.Baileythen27toletLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget28attention.Oncethere,Lenouewas29andlatertakentoahospital,whereshelearnedthatshehadseriousinjuriesinoneofherknees.Shewouldhavestruggledwithextreme30tomakeittothataidcheckpointwithoutBailey’shelp.AsforBailey,sheismore31aboutwhyheractisconsideredabig32.“Shewasjustcrying.Icouldn’t33her,”Baileytoldthereporter.“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing.”Althoughthetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbeforethe34,they’vesincebecomefriends.Neitherwontherace,butthe35ofhumankindnesswontheday.21.A.designed B.followed C.changed D.finished22.A.delay B.chance C.trouble D.excuse23.A.judge B.volunteer C.classmate D.competitor24.A.race B.school C.town D.training25.A.agreed B.returned C.stopped D.promised26.A.courage B.aid C.patience D.advice27.A.wentaway B.stoodup C.steppedaside D.bentdown28.A.medical B.public C.constant D.equal29.A.interrupted B.assessed C.identified D.appreciated30.A.hunger B.pain C.cold D.tiredness31.A.worried B.ashamed C.confused D.discouraged32.A.game B.problem C.lesson D.deal33.A.leave B.cure C.bother D.understand34.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show35.A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange【答案】21.D22.A23.D24.A25.C26.B27.D28.A29.B30.B31.C32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，MelanieBailey背着另一个参赛者DanielleLenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：MelanieBailey应该更早完成比赛。A.designed设计；B.followed跟随；C.changed改变；D.finished完成。根据下一段的“carriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget____28____attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“MelanieBailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A.delay延误；B.chance机会；C.trouble麻烦；D.excuse借口。根据上文“MelanieBaileyshouldhave____21____thecourseearlierthanshedid”和上一题的解析可知，MelanieBailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。23.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A.judge裁判；B.volunteer志愿者；C.classmate同学；D.competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。故选D。24.考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A.race比赛；B.school学校；C.town城镇；D.training训练。根据第一段的“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。故选A。25，考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的同伴DanielleLenoue。A.agreed同意；B.returned回来；C.stopped停止；D.promised答应。根据下文“tohelpherfellowrunner”可知，她停下来帮助她的同伴DanielleLenoue。故选C。26，考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否帮助下向前走。A.courage勇气；B.aid帮助；C.patience耐心；D.advice建议。根据上文“Baileytookherarm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。故选B。27.考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A.wentaway离开；B.stoodup站起来；C.steppedaside让路；D.bentdown弯腰。根据下文“letLenoueclimbontoherback”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让勒诺爬到她的背上。故选D。28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A.medical医疗的；B.public公众的；C.constant持续不断的；D.equal平等的。根据上文“begancryinginpain”可知，DanielleLenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medicalattention意为“医疗救助”。故选A。29.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A.interrupted打断；B.assessed评估；C.identified识别；D.appreciated感激。根据下文“latertakentoahospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。故选B。30.考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A.hunger饥饿；B.pain疼痛；C.cold感冒；D.tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“begancryinginpain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。故选B。31.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.worried担心的；B.ashamed惭愧的；C.confused困惑的；D.discouraged泄气的。根据下文“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。故选C。32.考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.game游戏；B.problem问题；C.lesson课；D.deal交易，局面。根据下文“IfeellikeIwasjustdoingtherightthing”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，abigdeal意为“非常重要的事”。故选D。33.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A.leave离开；B.cure治愈；C.bother打扰；D.understand理解。根据上文“Shewasjustcrying”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。故选A。34.考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A.ride短途旅程；B.test测试；C.meet体育比赛；D.show展示。根据第一段“hundredsofrunnerscompetedinacross-countryrace”及空前的“thetwoyoungwomenwerestrangersbefore”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。35.考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A.secret秘密；B.display展示；C.benefit利益；D.exchange交换。根据第二段的“letLenoueclimbontoherbackandcarriedherallthewaytothefinishline,thenanother300feettowhereLenouecouldget____28____attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良，故选B。【2023▪新高考II卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。InAprillastyear,IsawapostonthePNP(PilotsNPaws)websitefromafamilyinTopeka.TheyhadtomovetoVirginiabuttheywereonaverytight21.Theycouldnotaffordtopayfor22fortheirdog,Tiffy,and23wantedtotakeherwiththem.Itjust24thatIwasplanninganotherPNPflightwithanotherpilot,Karen,who25totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.WhatIwastodowasflytoTopekato26Tiffy.WhenImetTiffy’sowners,theyseemedvery27.George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm,butIcouldtellthiswas28forhim,havingtoleavehisdogtoa29andtrustthateverythingwould30.Aftersomegoodbyes,IaskedGeorgeandhiswifetohelpme31Tiffyintotheplane.IpromisedtotakecareofTiffyand32themassoonaswegottoKansasCity.Theflightwas33,andTiffywasagreatpassenger.Thenextday,she34withKarenandmadeitbacktoGeorgeinVirginiawithinafewdays.Hewasso35andsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures.ItfeltgreattoknowthatIhadhelpedbringthisfamilytogetheragain.21.A.turn B.budget C.schedule D.connection22.A.food B.shelter C.medicine D.transportation23.A.desperately B.temporarily C.secretly D.originally24.A.appeared B.proved C.happened D.showed25.A.waited B.offered C.hurried D.failed26.A.seeoff B.lookfor C.handover D.pickup27.A.confused B.nervous C.annoyed D.curious28.A.hard B.fine C.common D.lucky29.A.coworker B.passenger C.stranger D.neighbor30.A.speedup B.workout C.comeback D.takeoff31.A.feed B.follow C.change D.load32.A.call B.join C.leave D.serve33.A.unnecessary B.unexpected C.unavoidable D.uneventful34.A.returned B.fought C.flew D.agreed35.A.thankful B.generous C.proud D.sympathetic【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.B28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.D34.C35.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过PilotsNPaws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。21.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A.turn转折点；B.budget预算；C.schedule时间表；D.connection联系。根据“Theycouldnotaffordtopayfor___22___fortheirdog,Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。故选B。22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A.food食物；B.shelter庇护；C.medicine药；D.transportation交通。根据“TheyhadtomovetoVirginiabuttheywereonaverytight___21___.”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。故选D。23.考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A.desperately非常、拼命地；B.temporarily暂时地；C.secretly秘密地；D.originally起初。根据“wantedtotakeherwiththem.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。故选A。24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A.appeared出现；B.proved证明；C.happened碰巧；D.showed展示。根据“IwasplanninganotherPNPflightwithanotherpilot,Karen,”可知，碰巧是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。故选C。25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A.waited等待；B.offered提供、主动提出；C.hurried匆忙；D.failed失败。根据“totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。故选B。26.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A.seeoff为……送行；B.lookfor寻找；C.handover移交；D.pickup接载。根据“WhatIwastodowasflytoTopeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。故选D。27.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A.confused困惑的；B.nervous紧张的；C.annoyed恼怒的；D.curious好奇的。根据“George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm,butIcouldtellthiswas___28___forhim,havingtoleavehisdogtoa___29___andtrustthateverythingwould___10___.”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。故选B。28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A.hard困难的；B.fine好的；C.common常见的；D.lucky幸运的。根据上文“wastryingtobecalm”以及下文“havingtoleavehisdogtoa___29___andtrustthateverythingwould___10___.”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。故选A。29.考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A.coworker合作者；B.passenger乘客；C.stranger陌生人；D.neighbor邻居。根据“George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm,butIcouldtellthiswas___28___forhim,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。故选C。30.考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会解决的。A.speedup加速；B.workout解决；C.comeback回来；D.takeoff起飞。根据“George,thehusband,wastryingtobecalm,butIcouldtellthiswas___28___forhim,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会解决好，对他来说很难。故选B。31.考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A.feed喂养；B.follow跟随；C.change改变；D.load装载。loadinto装入。根据“Tiffyintotheplane.”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。故选D。32.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A.call打电话；B.join加入；C.leave离开；D.serve服务。根据“assoonaswegottoKansasCity.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。故选A。33.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A.unnecessary没有必要的；B.unexpected意想不到的；C.unavoidable不可避免的；D.uneventful太平无事的。根据“andTiffywasagreatpassenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。故选D。34.考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。A.returned返回；B.fought打仗；C.flew飞；D.agreed同意。根据“Itjust___4___thatIwasplanninganotherPNPflightwithanotherpilot,Karen,who___5___totakeTiffyfromKansasCitytoVirginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。故选C。35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A.thankful感激的；B.generous慷慨的；C.proud骄傲的；D.sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据“andsentmeanicee-mailwithpictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。故选A。【2023▪浙江1月卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ThesunwasbeginningtosinkasIsetoffintotheHarennaForest.Iwasonmywayto____41____auniquehoneyharvest.Here,insouth-eastEthiopia,hand-carvedbeehives(蜂箱)areplacedinthe____42____.Reachingthemtogetthehoneyisdifficult—andoften____43____.I____44____beekeeperZiyadoverawidestretchofgrasslandbeforeenteringathickjungle.Ziyadbeganpreparations.He____45____handfulsofdamptreeleaves,wrappedthemwithstring,and____46____thebunchtocreateatorch(火把).Then,withoneendofaropetiedtohiswaistandtheotherendaroundthetrunkofatree,Ziyadbegan____47____.Hestoppedeveryfewminutestomovethe____48____higherupthetreetrunk.____49____,Ziyadgotclosetothehivewhichwasaround20metresabovetheground.Sittingonabranch,he_____50_____towardsitandblewsmokefromhistorchintoatinyholeinthehive.Suddenly,Ziyadletoutasharpcry.Withinseconds,he’d_____51_____thetrunkandwasbackontheground.Itwastoo_____52_____tocollectthehoney.Acoolsummerhaddelayed_____53_____.Babybeeswerestillinthehoneycombs(蜂巢).Theadultbeeswere_____54_____andkeptattackingasZiyadescapedfromthetree.Hehadtowaitfortheright_____55_____togobackup.41.A.share B.collect C.celebrate D.witness42.A.courtyards B.fields C.treetops D.caves43.A.urgent B.dangerous C.expensive D.pointless44.A.searched B.recognised C.followed D.invited45.A.gathered B.cleaned C.dropped D.checked46.A.shook B.lit C.measured D.decorated47.A.jumping B.talking C.testing D.climbing48.A.hives B.leaves C.rope D.honey49.A.Finally B.Surprisingly C.Naturally D.Immediately50.A.backed B.dived C.shouted D.inched51.A.cutoff B.goneup C.sliddown D.heldonto52.A.high B.early C.fast D.close53.A.hatching B.training C.sowing D.trading54.A.curious B.hungry C.bored D.angry55.A.moment B.equipment C.person D.order【答案】41.D42.C43.B44.C45.A46.B47.D48.C49.A50.D51.C52.B53.A54.D55.A【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A.share分享；B.collect收集；C.celebrate庆祝；D.witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I____41____beekeeperZiyadoverawidestretchofgrasslandbeforeenteringathickjungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A.courtyards庭院；B.fields田野；领域；C.treetops树顶；D.caves洞穴。根据下文“higherupthetreetrunk.”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A.urgent紧急的；B.dangerous危险的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.pointless毫无意义的。根据“Theadultbeeswere____44____andkeptattackingasZiyadescapedfromthetree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A.searched搜索；B.recognised认出；C.followed跟随；D.invited邀请。根据前文“Iwasonmywayto____41____auniquehoneyharvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A.gathered聚集、采集；B.cleaned清除；C.dropped掉落；D.checked检查。根据下文“handfulsofdamptreeleaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A.shook摇晃；B.lit点燃；点亮；C.measured测量；D.decorated装饰。根据后文“tocreateatorch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A.jumping跳；B.talking谈话；C.testing测试；D.climbing攀爬。根据“higherupthetreetrunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A.hives蜂房；B.leaves树叶；C.rope绳索；D.honey蜂蜜。根据“Then,withoneendofaropetiedtohiswaistandtheotherendaroundthetrunkofatree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C项。49.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A.Finally最终；B.Surprisingly令人意外地；C.Naturally自然地；D.Immediately立刻。根据上文“Hestoppedeveryfewminutestomovethe____48____higherupthetreetrunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A.backed支持；B.dived跳水；C.shouted对……大声喊叫；D.inched缓慢移动。根据上文“Reachingthemtogetthehoneyisdifficult—andoften____43____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A.cutoff切除；B.goneup上升；C.sliddown滑下；D.heldonto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyadgotclosetothehivewhichwasaround20metresabovetheground.”和后文“wasbackontheground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C项。52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A.high高的；B.early早的；C.fast快速的；D.close亲近的。根据下文“Acoolsummerhaddelayed____53____.Babybeeswerestillinthehoneycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A.hatching孵化；B.training培训；C.sowing播种；D.trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Babybeeswerestillinthehoneycombs(蜂巢).”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A.curious好奇的；B.hungry饥饿的；C.bored无聊的；D.angry生气的。根据下文“keptattackingasZiyadescapedfromthetree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A.moment时刻；B.equipment设备；C.person个人；D.order点餐；命令。根据上文“Acoolsummerhaddelayed____53____.Babybeeswerestillinthehoneycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。【2023▪浙江1月卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ThesunwasbeginningtosinkasIsetoffintotheHarennaForest.Iwasonmywayto____41____auniquehoneyharvest.Here,insouth-eastEthiopia,hand-carvedbeehives(蜂箱)areplacedinthe____42____.Reachingthemtogetthehoneyisdifficult—andoften____43____.I____44____beekeeperZiyadoverawidestretchofgrasslandbeforeenteringathickjungle.Ziyadbeganpreparations.He____45____handfulsofdamptreeleaves,wrappedthemwithstring,and____46____thebunchtocreateatorch(火把).Then,withoneendofaropetiedtohiswaistandtheotherendaroundthetrunkofatree,Ziyadbegan____47____.Hestoppedeveryfewminutestomovethe____48____higherupthetreetrunk.____49____,Ziyadgotclosetothehivewhichwasaround20metresabovetheground.Sittingonabranch,he_____50_____towardsitandblewsmokefromhistorchintoatinyholeinthehive.Suddenly,Ziyadletoutasharpcry.Withinseconds,he’d_____51_____thetrunkandwasbackontheground.Itwastoo_____52_____tocollectthehoney.Acoolsummerhaddelayed_____53_____.Babybeeswerestillinthehoneycombs(蜂巢).Theadultbeeswere_____54_____andkeptattackingasZiyadescapedfromthetree.Hehadtowaitfortheright_____55_____togobackup.41.A.share B.collect C.celebrate D.witness42.A.courtyards B.fields C.treetops D.caves43.A.urgent B.dangerous C.expensive D.pointless44.A.searched B.recognised C.followed D.invited45.A.gathered B.cleaned C.dropped D.checked46.A.shook B.lit C.measured D.decorated47.A.jumping B.talking C.testing D.climbing48.A.hives B.leaves C.rope D.honey49.A.Finally B.Surprisingly C.Naturally D.Immediately50.A.backed B.dived C.shouted D.inched51.A.cutoff B.goneup C.sliddown D.heldonto52.A.high B.early C.fast D.close53.A.hatching B.training C.sowing D.trading54.A.curious B.hungry C.bored D.angry55.A.moment B.equipment C.person D.order【答案】41.D42.C43.B44.C45.A46.B47.D48.C49.A50.D51.C52.B53.A54.D55.A【分析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者跟随埃塞俄比亚坚持传统养蜂技艺的Ziyad，进行的一次独特的采蜜经历。41.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我此行是见证一次独特的采蜜行动。A.share分享；B.collect收集；C.celebrate庆祝；D.witness见证；目睹。根据下文“I____41____beekeeperZiyadoverawidestretchofgrasslandbeforeenteringathickjungle.”可知，作者是跟随经验丰富的养蜂人Ziyad见证埃塞俄比亚传统的采蜜方式。故选D项。42.考查名词词义辨析。句意：在埃塞俄比亚东南部，手工制作的蜂箱被放在树顶。A.courtyards庭院；B.fields田野；领域；C.treetops树顶；D.caves洞穴。根据下文“higherupthetreetrunk.”可知，手工制作的蜂箱是放在树顶高处。故选C项。43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：靠近树顶的蜂箱采蜜是很困难的，而且相当危险。A.urgent紧急的；B.dangerous危险的；C.expensive昂贵的；D.pointless毫无意义的。根据“Theadultbeeswere____44____andkeptattackingasZiyadescapedfromthetree.”可知，采摘蜂蜜可能会招致蜂群持续不断的攻击，这是很危险的。故选B项。44.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我跟随着养蜂人走过一片广阔的草地，进入茂密的丛林。A.searched搜索；B.recognised认出；C.followed跟随；D.invited邀请。根据前文“Iwasonmywayto____41____auniquehoneyharvest.”可知，作者此行是为了跟随经验丰富的养蜂人，近距离观察Ziyad如何采蜜。故选C项。45.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用细绳把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A.gathered聚集、采集；B.cleaned清除；C.dropped掉落；D.checked检查。根据下文“handfulsofdamptreeleaves”可知，此处指Ziyad从丛林各处，收集一些潮湿的树叶。故选A项。46.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他采集了几捧潮湿的树叶，用线把它们包裹起来，最后点燃这捆树叶当火把。A.shook摇晃；B.lit点燃；点亮；C.measured测量；D.decorated装饰。根据后文“tocreateatorch”可知，此空格处指点燃用细绳捆扎的树叶当火把。故选B项。47.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，将绳子的一头拴在腰间，另一头则缠绕在一棵大树的树干上。然后Ziyad开始向上攀爬。A.jumping跳；B.talking谈话；C.testing测试；D.climbing攀爬。根据“higherupthetreetrunk”可知，Ziyad要向上爬到树顶，才能采集到蜂蜜。故选D项。48.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每过一会儿就停下调整绳索位置，继续向上攀爬。A.hives蜂房；B.leaves树叶；C.rope绳索；D.honey蜂蜜。根据“Then,withoneendofaropetiedtohiswaistandtheotherendaroundthetrunkofatree,”可知，Ziyad是通过不断调整绳索的位置，保证自己安全灵活地向上攀爬。故选C项。49.考查副词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad最终到达了蜂巢。那儿距离地面大概有20米高。A.Finally最终；B.Surprisingly令人意外地；C.Naturally自然地；D.Immediately立刻。根据上文“Hestoppedeveryfewminutestomovethe____48____higherupthetreetrunk.”可知，身手矫健的Ziyad借助绳索不断向上攀爬，终于到达树顶放置蜂巢的位置。故选A项。50.考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad坐在一节树枝上，小心翼翼地将火把靠近蜂巢，对准火把，将烟吹入蜂巢的一个小孔里。A.backed支持；B.dived跳水；C.shouted对……大声喊叫；D.inched缓慢移动。根据上文“Reachingthemtogetthehoneyisdifficult—andoften____43____”可知，采集蜂蜜是困难且危险的工作，这要求采蜜的人经验丰富，动作快慢节奏快慢结合，此处指Ziyad小心翼翼地将火把凑近蜂巢，将烟吹入蜂巢中。故选D项。51.考查动词短语辨析。句意：几秒钟过后，他就从树干滑下，重新回到地面。A.cutoff切除；B.goneup上升；C.sliddown滑下；D.heldonto抓牢。根据前文“Ziyadgotclosetothehivewhichwasaround20metresabovetheground.”和后文“wasbackontheground”可知，Ziyad是从树顶滑下，回到地面。故选C项。52.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在采集蜂蜜还为时尚早。A.high高的；B.early早的；C.fast快速的；D.close亲近的。根据下文“Acoolsummerhaddelayed____53____.Babybeeswerestillinthehoneycombs(蜂巢).”可知，现在蜜蜂幼虫尚未成年，蜂蜜酿造完成还需要一段时日。故选B项。53.考查动词词义辨析。句意：夏天凉爽的温度延误了幼虫孵化。A.hatching孵化；B.training培训；C.sowing播种；D.trading与……作交易；交换。根据“Babybeeswerestillinthehoneycombs(蜂巢).”可知，此时蜜蜂宝宝较以往孵化时间更晚，尚未成年。故选A项。54.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ziyad从树上逃离之时，成年蜂群被激怒了，持续不断地攻击他。A.curious好奇的；B.hungry饥饿的；C.bored无聊的；D.angry生气的。根据下文“keptattackingasZiyadescapedfromthetree”可知，蜜蜂被外来侵入者激怒，不停地攻击Ziyad。故选D项。55.考查名词词义辨析。句意：他需要等待合适的时刻，再次爬上树顶采摘蜂蜜。A.moment时刻；B.equipment设备；C.person个人；D.order点餐；命令。根据上文“Acoolsummerhaddelayed____53____.Babybeeswerestillinthehoneycombs(蜂巢).”可知，蜂蜜尚未形成，Ziyad只好另待时机，等幼虫变成成年蜂后，再来采蜜。故选A项。〖2022年高考真题题组〗【2022▪新高考I卷】阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.Someofour41arefunny,especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle.Once,we42alongChalkCreek.Iwas43thatour15-month-oldboywouldfallintothecreek(小溪).Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.Thatlastedabouttenminutes.Hewas44,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.So45tyinghimup,Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim.It46—hedidn’tendupinthecreek.Mythree-year-old,however,did.Anothertime,werentedaboatinVallecitoLake.Theskywasclearwhenwe47,butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly48ourpeacefulmorningtrip.The49pickedupandthunderrolled.Myhusbandstoppedfishingto50themotor.Nothing.Hetriedagain.No51.Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.Asweallsatthere52,afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowed(拖)usback.Wewere53.Now,everyyearwhenmyhusbandpullsourcamperoutofthegarage,wearefilledwithasenseof54,wonderingwhatcampingfunand55wewillexperiencenext.41.A.ideas B.jokes C.memories D.discoveries42.A.camped B.drove C.walked D.cycled43.A.annoyed B.surprised C.disappointed D.worried44.A.unhurt B.unfortunate C.uncomfortable D.unafraid45.A.dueto B.insteadof C.apartfrom D.asfor46.A.worked B.happened C.mattered D.changed47.A.signedup B.calmeddown C.checkedout D.headedoff48.A.arranged B.interrupted C.completed D.recorded49.A.wind B.noise C.temperature D.speed50.A.find B.hide C.start D.fix51.A.luck B.answer C.wonder D.signal52.A.patiently B.tirelessly C.doubtfully D.helplessly53.A.sorry B.brave C.safe D.right54.A.relief B.duty C.pride D.excitement55.A.failure B.adventure C.performance D.conflict【答案】41.C42.A43.D44.C45.B46.A47.D48.B49.A50.C51.A52.D53.C54.D55.B【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。41.C。考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A.ideas想法；B.jokes笑话；C.memories记忆；D.discoveries发现。根据上文“havehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears”以及下文“especiallyfromtheearlyyearswhenourchildrenwerelittle”可推知，此处指作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C。42.A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A.camped露营；B.drove开车；C.walked散步；D.cycled骑自行车。根据上文“Myhusband,ourchildrenandIhavehadwonderfulcampingexperiencesoverthepasttenyears.”可知，此处指作者与家人一起在溪边露营。故选A。43.D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A.annoyed恼怒的；B.surprised惊讶的C.disappointed失望的；D.worried担心的。根据下文“Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.”可推知，此处指作者担心自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以才在他的腰上系了一根绳子。故选D。44.C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A.unhurt未受伤的；B.unfortunate不幸的；C.uncomfortable不舒服的；D.unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“Itiedaropearoundhiswaisttokeephimneartoourspot.”以及下文“hiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以才会哭。故选C。45.B。考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A.dueto由于；B.insteadof代替、而不是；C.apartfrom除了；D.asfor至于。根据上文“Hewasuncomfortable,andhiscryingletthewholecampgroundknowit.”以及下文“Ijustkeptacloseeyeonhim”可推知，此处指孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者放弃在他身上绑绳子，而是密切关注着他。故选B。46.A。考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A.worked起作用；B.happened发生；C.mattered事关紧要；D.changed改变。根据下文“hedidn’tendupinthecreek.”可推知，此处指作者的密切关注起作用了，孩子没有掉进小溪里。故选A。47.D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A.signedup注册、报名；B.calmeddown冷静下来；C.checkedout退房、结账离开；D.headedoff启程、出发。根据上文“Theskywasclear”以及下文“butstormsmoveinfastinthemountains”可推知，此处指天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D。48.B。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A.arranged安排；B.interrupted中断；C.completed完成；D.recorded记录。根据上文“stormsmoveinfastinthemountains,andthisonequickly”以及下文“ourpeacefulmorningtrips”可推知，此处指风暴来临，作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B。49.A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A.wind风；B.noise噪音；C.temperature温度；D.speed速度。根据上文“stormsmoveinfastinthemountains”可推知，此处指大风刮了起来。故选A。50.C。考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A.find找到；B.hide隐藏；C.start启动；D.fix修理。根据下文“Nothing.Hetriedagain.”以及“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C。51.A。考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A.luck好运；B.answer回答；C.wonder惊奇；D.signal信号。根据下文“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.”可推知，此处指作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，也没有获得好运，船依然无法启动。故选A。52.D。考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来。A.patiently耐心地；B.tirelessly不知疲倦地；C.doubtfully怀疑地；D.helplessly无助地。根据上文“Wewerestuckinthemiddleofthelakewithadeadmotor.”可推知，此处指在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D。53.C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A.sorry抱歉的；B.brave勇敢的；C.safe安全的；D.right正确的。根据上文“afishermanpulledup,threwusaropeandtowedusback”可推知，此处指得到了渔夫的帮助，作者和