高中英语人教版知识清单

Unit1FestivalsandCelebrations1．Overthenextweek，asmybankaccount(银行账户)grewsmaller，Icrazilyappliedfor(申请)jobs，butIwasdefeated.2．Inoticedawomanwithshortwhitehairstruggling(notice的复合结构：notice＋宾语＋宾补)toopenhercardooragainstthewind.3．Shewasfired(熟词生义：v.解雇)unexpectedly.4．TheFestivalwasmittedto(致力于)presentingawidemixofworldartistsaswellasofferinga“passporttotheworld”programofevents,manyofwhichwerefree(adj.不收费的)toall.5．Adefinite(adj.确定的)highlight(n.亮点)willbethespectacular(adj.壮观的，令人惊叹的)audiovisualshowHotelKiev，anighttimevisualmontageprojected(熟词生义：vt.投射)ontothefrontwalloftheRoyalMarineHotel.6．Withadiverseworldmusiclineup(n.阵容，节目安排)，foodfairs，artexhibitions，workshopsandculturaldemonstrationsaswellasaFestivalnewspaperandnightlyFestivalClubwhereIrishartistsjam(熟词生义：v.即兴演奏)withworldmusicians，thisfamilyfriendlycelebrationisaroundtripticket(往返票)toaworldofculture.7．Andearlierthisyear，Abdullahlaunched(v.发动，发起；上市，发行)aneweffort(熟词生义：n.有组织的活动)tobuildtheworld’slargestcoralnurseryintheRedSea.8．Whileoffering(状语从句的省略)sacrificetotheZaowangye，peopleplacecandy，water，beansandhayonthetableinfrontoftheZaowangyeimage.9．Aboveall(最重要的是；尤其是)，itsuggestsanewyearwithanewimageandexpressesthegoodwishesofChinesepeopletoringouttheOldYearandringintheNewYear.Unit2MoralsandVirtues1．Thisisagreatadditiontoayoungkid’scollection，asaremindertoholdtighttodreams(紧握梦想)andnevergiveup.2．Kidswilllovereadinghisstoryabouthowhefacedchallengesandadvancedahead(取得进步)，andhealsoincludesDIYexperimentsforkidstotry，andasectionoffullcolorphotographs.3．Wequicklycreatedanaccount(账号)onapetsittingwebsiteandbegansearchingforoptions.accountn．账户；网络账号；描述，报告；说明，解释v．认为是；视为Iopenedabankaccount(银行账户)afterImade$10,000bydoingaparttimejobduringthesummervacation.Whilethisbooktellsthestoriesoffamouspeopleinhistory，italsogivesanaccountof(讲述/描写)themonindividuals.短语：onaccountof因为，由于onnoaccount决不takeaccountof/oaccount把……考虑在内；顾及accountfor解释，说明；是……的原因；占(一定数量或比例)Theriseofhousepricescanaccountfor(解释)thefactthatmanyyoungpeoplecannotaffordtobuyahouse.Bodylanguageaccountsfor(占)55%ofafirstimpressionwhilewhatyousayjust7%.4.Therewereonlyacoupleofsitsavailableinthatpartoftheworld，butwetriedourluck，sentarequest，andtooursurprise(toone’ssurprise令某人惊讶的是)landed(熟词生义，此处为动词，意为“成功得到，赢得”)athreemonthjobinGrenada，soouryearwasgoingtobetakenupwith(专心于，致力于)Caribbeanpetsits.5．Themorewelookedintoplasticpollution，themorewerealizedtheseverityoftheglobalplasticpollution.(“the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..”结构)6．Weloveconnectingwith(与……联系，沟通)likeminded(志趣相投的)people.7．It’sbeenamazingfewyearsthatwassparked(引发，触发)byaconversationaboutpetsitting.8．Formuchofhumanhistory，ethicalbehaviorhasbeenguidedbytheGoldenRule：dotoothersas(引导方式状语从句)youwouldhavethemdotoyou.9．Thecaredoctor，afterseeinghertwisted(扭曲的)body，wasweighing(认真考虑，权衡)whethertoinsertabreathingtubewhenheaskedChochinovastrangequestion：DidEllenreadmagazines?10．Ellenreadwidelyandenjoyedmanysimplepleasuresoflife，butthegapbetweenherlifeasapersonwhousesawheelchairandthedoctor’ssenseofwhathewouldwantinhersituationwastoovasttobebridged(熟词生义，此处为动词，意为“弥合，消除”)bytheGoldenRule.11．Timeisalimitedresourceinthehealthcaresystem，andthere’snodenyingthat(不可否认的是)gettingtoknowapatientasanindividualmeansinvesting(meandoingsth意味着做某事)additionalminutesorhours.12．Thetermwascoined[熟词生义：v.创造(新词语)]byJudithRamaleywhileadirectoratNationalScienceFoundationin2001.13．Oneofthelatestphilosophies(n.思想体系；人生哲学，生活或工作准则)gainingsteam(迅猛增长)isaddinganartsponent(n.组成部分，成分)totheSTEMeducationalfocus，thus，creatingtheSTEMvs.STEAMdebate.14．ThebelieversinSTEMeducationwantthefocustoremainonthecore(adj.核心的，最重要的)STEMprinciples(n.原则；道义；基本法则)．Unit3DiverseCultures1．ItisprobablynotallthatsurprisingtofindoutthattheBigApple(俚语，指的是“纽约城”)isoneofthemostglobalcitiesintheworld.2．Youcanhearover800languagesinNewYorkCitybeingspoken(hear的复合结构：hear＋宾语＋宾补)onadailybasis(每天)．3．So，youaresuretomeetlargemunitiesofpermanent(adj.永久的，长期的)residentswhoareforeignborn.4．Ifyou’veeveremerged(从……出现)fromtheshowerorreturnedfromyourwalkwithacleverideaorasolutiontoaproblemyouhadbeenstrugglingwith(省略关系代词的定语从句)，itmaynotbeasurprise.5．“Peoplealwaysgetsurprisedwhentheyrealizetheygetinteresting，novel(熟词生义：新颖的)ideasatunexpectedtimes，”saysKalinaChristoff，ascientistattheUniversityofBritishColumbiainVancouver，“becauseourculturetellsusthatweshoulddoitthroughhardwork.”6．“Simplyput(简单来说，简言之)，itisastatethat(引导定语从句)yourbrainreturnstowhenyou’rerelaxed，”explainsChristoff.7．“Bycontrast(相比之下)，whenyou’reworkingonademanding(adj.费时费力的)task，thebrain’sexecutivecontrol(EC)systemskeepyourthinkingfocused，analytical，andlogical(keep＋宾语＋宾补的复合结构)．”demandingadj.费时费力的，要求高的Thepickingactivityisphysicallydemanding，butweallfeltexcited.demandv．强烈要求；需要，需求demandtodosth要求做某事；demand＋that宾语从句(常用should表虚拟，should可省略)。Idemandedtoseeherimmediately，butgotturneddown.Ourteacherdemandedthatalltheentries(should)besubmittedbyFriday.n．要求；需求，需求量demandandsupply需求与供应；beindemand需求大的；ondemand一经要求meet/satisfyone’sdemands满足某人的要求8.“Acautionarynote：While(引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”)theDMnetworkplaysakeyrolein(在……中起着关键作用)thecreativeprocess，itistheECsystemsthat(强调句：Itis＋被强调部分＋that/who...)helpyoutoevaluateandapplythecreativeideaseffectivelyto(将……运用到)yourproblemsintherealworld，”Christoffsays.9．Icouldn’tnottip(v.付小费)him，soIwasstuckbetweenarockandahardplace(进退两难的境地)．10．Ihandedinthenoteatlast，controllingtheurge(n.冲动)toaskforchange(n.零钱)．11．Andnobodycanworkout(解决，想出)thereasonsforthisdifference.12．WuLirenhasbeenmaintaining(现在完成进行时)sucha“diary”oftheGrandCanalsince1978.(“since＋时间点”作状语，主句谓语常用现在完成时或现在完成进行时)Unit4SpaceExploration1．Theycameupwith(提出，想出)theideaofrunningmangrovesafaris(观光游)fortouristsinVengurla’sMandaviRiver.2．Strikewhiletheironishot.(趁热打铁)3．Killtwobirdswithonestone.(一举两得；一石二鸟)4．Biteoffmorethanyoucanchew.(想一口吃成胖子；不自量力)5．Thegoalofthestationsistorun(熟词生义：v.经营，运行)aspacebusinessparkthatcanserveas(充当，担任)ahomeawayfromhomewithroomforofficesandtourists.6．Bothstationslooklikeawheelandwillfeature(v.以……为特色)artificialgravity(人造重力)thatallowsgueststomovefortablyoneachstation.7．Eachstationisfurnishedlikeluxury(adj.奢侈的，豪华的)hotelsonEarth.8．ThefoodthatwehavehereonISShastomeetmanydifferentrequirements(满足许多不同的需求)．9．Topensate(v.赔偿，偿付；弥补)thecrews，weareallowedtopickone“preference”containerwhichconsistsof(由……组成)ourpickofanythingontheU．S.menulist.10．The24yearoldfemalemanderZhouChengyuhasbeenaheated(adj.热议的，激烈的)topiconWeibosincetheChinesestatemediahighlighted(v.突出，强调)herasoneofthewomeninvolvedin(参与)thesuccessfullaunchoftheChang’e5lunarprobeon24November.Unit5TheValueofMoney1．ButatUnionStationinLosAngeleslastmonth，aboardwentupwithdollarbillsattachedtoitwithpinsandasignthatread(熟词生义：v.写着)，“GiveWhatYouCan，TakeWhatYouNeed.”2．Peoplequicklycaughton(理解)．3．Thevideoclip(片段)showsonemanwhohadfounda$20billpinning(show的复合结构：show＋宾语＋宾补)ittotheboard.4．Increasingly，peoplesaytheywanttobuyfrombrandsthatgivethemasenseofpurpose(意义感)．5．Surelyayogurtthathelpedtheneedywouldbeappealing(吸引人的)．appealingadj.吸引人的，有感染力的appealv．呼吁，恳求；上诉，申诉；有吸引力，引起兴趣短语：appealto呼吁；吸引Weappealto(呼吁)everyonetodosomethingtohelpprotectourenvironment.Sporthasbeeanimportantformofentertainment，appealingto(吸引)bothmenandwomen.appealn．呼吁；吸引力；申诉Thegovernmenthaslaunchedanappeal(呼吁)tothepublictoraisemoneyforthesickkid.6.ButJuntoswasafailure.(此处failure为可数名词，意为“失败的人或事物”)7．Theyremindedsometofocuson(remindsbtodosth提醒某人做某事)the“purposefulandvaluable”aspectwhileothersweretoldto“enjoythemselves”andfocuson“delightandpleasure”．8．Theyfoundthatparticipantswhoprioritized(优先考虑)meaningpreferredthelessexpensiveproductwhenparedwith(与……相比)peoplewhoputpleasureinthefirstplace.9．Instead，theywereoccupiedwith(忙于)whatelsetheycoulddowiththeirmoney.10．Iamallfor(befor赞成)peoplemakingwiseandstrategicfinancialchoices.11．Inexpensiveoptionsoftendonotlast(熟词生义，此处为动词，意为“持续”)aslongasthehigherendones.12．Plus，thatspendingpat