新教材英语专题14 连词（一）

小升初语法第14讲：连词（一）连词（Conjunction）是用来连接词与词、词组与词组或句子与句子，表示某种逻辑关系的虚词。连词表示并列、转折、选择、因果等关系。如：“Youandme.你和我。”“和”就是连词，表示并列。“Youorme.你或者我。”“或者”也是连词，表示选择。连词是一种虚词，不能独立担任句子成分，起前后连接作用，类似桥梁。连词主要分为并列连词和从属连词。【知识点1】连词分类【知识点2】并列连词并列连词连接有着“并列的，同等语法地位的”单词、词组或句子。根据其在句中所起的作用，可将其分为：并列、转折、选择及因果四类。表示并列（两个共同概念）and表示“和，与”或者“然后，接着”Let’ssitdownandhavearest.让我们坐下休息一会儿。LisaandSaraharegoodfriends.丽萨和莎拉是好朋友。★如连接三个或三个以上的单词和词组，and

一般放在最后一个单词或词组前。如：Tom,JimandIareplayingfootballnow.both...and...表示“两者都......”BothLisaandSarahlikedancing.丽萨和莎拉都喜欢跳舞。Amanshouldhavebothcourageandperseverance.一个人既要有勇气又要有毅力。★由both…and…

构成的词组作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。notonly...butalso...表示“不仅......而且”Sheisnotonlygood-lookingbutalsowarm-hearted.她不仅长的好看，也非常热心。aswellas表示“和....一样”Ihavereadhisnovelsaswellashisplays.我读过他的小说和剧本。Thehotelprovidesbreakfastaswellasafternoontea.酒店不仅提供早餐还提供下午茶。nor表示“也不”Davidhasn’tfinishedthehomework,norhaveI.大卫没有完成作业，我也没有。or用在否定句中，表示“也不”Hecan’tsingordance.他既不会唱歌也不会跳舞。neither...nor...表示“既不...也不...”It;sneithercoldnorhothere.这里既不冷也不热。表示转折but表示“但是；然而”Thedressisexpensivebutbeautiful.这件裙子很贵但是很漂亮。yet表示“可是；然而”Shesaidshewouldcomeinadvance,yetshecamelate.她说她会提前来，但是却迟到了。Thecarwasold,yetitwasinexcellentcondition.这辆车子很旧，但仍处于良好的状态。or表示“否则，要不然”Hurryuporyouwillbelate.快点！要不然你要迟到了。表示选择or表示“或者；还是”Doyoulikeorangejuiceorstrawberryjuice?你想喝橙汁还是草莓汁？either...or...表示“要么...要么...”Youcanchooseeitherorangesorapples.你可选橘子或苹果。表示因果for表示“因为....的缘故”You’dbetterputonyoursweater,forit’sverycoldoutside.你最好把毛衣穿上，外面很冷。so表示“因此，所以”It’sverycoldoutside,soIhavetoputonacoat.外面很冷，所以我需要穿一件外套。★对于使用连词的句子来说，连词前后的语法必须统一。Therunnergotweakerandweaker.(and前后都是形容词比较级)Doyoulikeorangejuiceorapplejuice?(or前后都是名词词组)Thedressisexpensivebutbeautiful.(but前后都是形容词)Iwenttotheparkandplayfootball（）I

went

totheparkand

played

football.（）★在一般情况下，and多用于肯定句，而or多用于否定或一般疑问句。I

have

brothers

and

sisters.我有兄弟姐妹。I

don’thave

brothers

or

sisters.我没有兄弟姐妹。Do

youhavebrothers

or

sisters？你有兄弟姐妹吗？★for是并列连词，不能置于句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。Iwasabsentyesterday

for

Iwasill.我昨天没来是因为我生病了。★就近原则也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。连词中，or（或者）either...or（或者...或者）neither...nor（既不...也不）notonly...butalso（不仅...而且）not...but（不是...而是）等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数与靠近它的主语一致。如：HeorI

am

goingtocleantheroom.他或者我将要打扫房间Iorhe

is

goingtocleantheroom.我或者他将要打扫房间EitherLucyorhersisters

go

shoppingeveryweek.露西或她的姐妹们每周都去购物。EitherLucy’ssistersorshe

goes

shoppingeveryweek.不是露西的姐妹，就是她每周去购物。Neitherthebooksnorthepen

is

her.那些书和那只钢笔都不是她的

Neitherthepennorthebooks

are

hers.那支笔和那些书都不是她的NotonlyTombutalsohisparents

are

goodatspeakingEnglish.不仅是汤姆，他的父母都很会说英语。NotonlyTom’sparentsbutalsohe

is

goodatspeakingEnglish.不仅是汤姆的父母，而且他还很擅长会说英语。

NotLucyandLilybuttheirbrother

has

adog.不是露西和莉莉，但她们的哥哥有一只狗。NottheirbotherbutLucyandLily

have

adog.不是她们哥哥的，露西和莉莉有一只狗。【考题精练】一、单项选择。()1.It’ssuchaninterestingstory________everybodylikesit.A.asB.thatC.sothatD.which()2.Idon’tlikehim.I’drather________inthan________toplaywithhim.A.toplay,togoB.stay,goC.toplay,goD.stay,togo()3.Heisveryold,________hestillworksveryhard.A.ifB.whenC.andD.but()4.Mrs.Smithlikesmusic________herhusbandlikessport.A.whileB.orC.forD.so()5.________Tom________Maryisfree.You’dbetterplaywithothers.A.Both,andB.Notonly,butalsoC.Neither,norD.Either,or()6.Theydidn’tstarttowork________thebossarrived.A.soB.assoonasC.whileD.until()7.________you’reallhere,wecanworkoutasolution.A.BecauseB.ThoughC.SinceDFor()8.Thechildisclever________healthy.A.assoonasB.asgoodasC.aswellasD.astallas()9.Wemustsetoffnow,________we’llmissthelasttrain.A.andB.whileC.thenD.or()10.Canyounamethreecountries________Chineseisusedasoneoftheirlanguages?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.there()11.Weweregettingreadytogoout______itbegantorain.A.whereB.whenC.sinceD.if()12.Welovespring______there’rebeautifulflowerseverywhere.A.butB.ifC.thoughD.because()13.Theworkwas_______difficult_______ittookusquitealongtimetodoit.A.such,thatB.so,thatC.too,thatD.too,to()14.I’lltellhimtogiveyouacall______hecomesback.A.becauseB.sinceC.assoonasD.but()15.--WhydidLiLeiuseapencil?--_______hispenwasbroken.A.BecauseB.WhenC.UntilD.If()16.IthinkChineseismorepopular______anyothersubject.A.thanB.forC.asD.then()17.WhatdoIhavetodo______Iwanttobethinner?A.ifB.becauseC.sinceD.for()18.Iwon’tturnoffthelight______you’vefinishedreading.A.whenB.afterC.assoonasD.until()19.I’llstudyEnglishandotherobjects_______Ican.A.sohardasB.ashardasC.sohardlyasD.ashardlyas()20.Thoughitrainedheavily,_______werestillplayingontheplayground.A.theyB.sotheyC.buttheyD.andthey()21.Youshouldfinishyourexercises______yougotobed.A.afterB.beforeC.becauseD.if()22.--ArewegoingtoWestHillFarmbybike?--No.Bybus,_______itisquitefarfromhere.A.ifB.whenC.thoughD.because()23.Mr.Readhastaughtinthatsmalltown______heleftCanadain1988.A.whenB.afterC.forD.since()24.I’m______busygettingreadyforChristmas_______Ihavenotimetowritetoyou.A.not,untilB.too,toC.so,thatD.neither,nor()25.You’lldobetterinEnglish______youworkharder.A.orB.thanC.ifD.before()26.Tomdidn’tgotoschoolyesterday______hewasill.A.butB.untilC.ifD.because()27.LiHua______inthefactorysincesheleftschooltenyearsago.A.worksB.workedC.hasworkedD.hadworked()28.--I’mgoingtoHangzhouforaholidaythisweekend.--________youarethere,canyoubuymesomegreentea?A.BecauseB.IfC.WhileD.After()29.Whatshallwedo______itrainstomorrow?A.soB.ifC.butD.because()30.Ifyou______himtomorrow,pleaseaskhimifhe_______toworkonthefarmwithus.A.see,goesB.willsee,goesC.willsee,willgoD.see,willgo()31.Theroomis______dirty______wedon’twanttostayhere.A.so,thatB.such,thatC.either,orD.as,as()32._______he’sveryyoung,_______heknowsseverallanguages.A.Though,butB.Because,soC.Though,/D.Because,/()33.Theywillhaveasportsmeetingifit______tomorrow.A.won’trainB.willrainC.doesn’trainD.rains()34.Myparentswillgooutforanoutingwithmeifthey______freenextSunday.A.willbeB.areC.haveD.willhave()35.We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.A.knowB.had