2023-2024学年辽宁省部分学校高二下学期5月期中英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1辽宁省部分学校2023-2024学年高二下学期5月期中英语试题第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whydoesthemanmakethisenquiry?A.Toknowtheopeninghours.B.Tobuyanewproduct.C.Tohavehisproductrepaired.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Workexperiences.B.Part-timeworkpreferences.C.Languagecapabilities.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atateahouse.B.Attheman’shouse.C.Atafurnitureshop.4.Whatisthewomantryingtodo?A.Makeanexplanation.B.Getthephoneback.C.ComplainaboutMr.White.5.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Atravelagent.B.Abusinesswoman.C.Acustomsofficer.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。6.WhatwillAmadadoat2:00tomorrowafternoon?A.Meetaclient.B.Seeadentist.C.Attendaconcert.7.WhatkindofmusicdoesAmadaprefer?A.Jazzmusic.B.Rockmusic.C.Classicalmusic.听第7段对话，回答第8至第9两个小题。8.Whatispuzzlingthewomannow?A.Achievingacademicprogress.B.HavingaholidayinBeijing.C.Decidingonacareer.9.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.LandthejobinBeijing.B.Workinherhometown.C.Seetheworldoccasionally.听第8段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。10.Whatisthewoman’sproblem?A.Sherefusestomakefriendsthere.B.She’sdonepoorinsellingproducts.C.Sheislateforwork.11.Whatcausesthewoman’sproblem?A.Sherarelymakesapologies.B.Shehasn’tfitinwellrecently.C.Shelikesfeelingpityforherself.12.Whatistheman’ssuggestion?A.Refreshandrestart.B.Pullfriendstogether.C.Takeupanotheropportunity.听第9段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。13.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Reporterandmanager.C.Salesmanandcustomer.14.Howcanpeopleopenthefrontdoorinthenewhouse?A.Withakey.B.Byfingertouch.C.Byhavingalookatit.15.Whatistherobotprogrammedtodo?A.Shoppingandguarding.B.Checkingandrepairing.C.Cleaningandwashing.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthenewhouse?A.It’stooexpensive.B.It’sworthbuying.C.It’sfarfromsatisfactory.听第10段独白，回答第17至第20四个小题。17.Whydoestheauthormakethisspeech?A.Toexplainwhylisteningandcaringareimportant.B.Tointroducehowtoorganizeasurprisingpicnic.C.Totellhowtobondwithfamilymembers.18.Whatwasthekids’responsetotheupcomingpicnic?A.Excited.B.Worried.C.Calm.19.Whatcanbeknownaboutthespeaker?A.HeorganizespicnicseveryWednesday.B.Heenjoyssittingoutsidethefrontstepsofthehouse.C.HewillhaveapicniconthecomingWednesday.20.Whatwouldthespeakerprobablyagreewith?A.Apicnicissuretohelpformgoodfamilyrelationships.B.Spendingtimetogethermakeslittledifferencetotheirkids.C.It’sworthwhiletodosmallyetspecialthingswiththeirkids.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AInterlibraryLoanistheservicethattheOsterhoutFreeLibraryoffersforfreetoourpatrons(顾客).YoucanuseInterlibraryLoantoborrowanitem(books,DVDs,musicCDs,etc.)fromwithinthecontinental48statesifitisunavailableintheLuzerneCountyLibrarySystem.HowtorequestanInterlibraryLoanitem·TorequestanInterlibraryLoanitem,youmusteithercalltheOsterhoutFreeLibrary,orcometoourInformationServicesDesk.·Youmustknowexactlywhatitem(s)youwouldlike.Wedonotacceptrequestsforgeneraltopics,forinstance,“Iwouldlikebooksonantiquecars.”·BesuretochecktheLuzerneCountyLibrarySystem’scatalogbeforeaskingInterlibraryLoanforanitem.InterlibraryLoanProcessing·WhenapatronrequestsInterlibraryLoanitems,theyareallowedtorequestmorethanoneitem,butthereisamaximumof5requestsinthesystemperpatron.·Whentheitemcomesin,thepatronwillbecontactedviaphonetoaskhim/hertopickitup.Iftheitemisnotabletobeobtained,thepatronwillbenotifiedviae-mail.·IfyouwishtorenewyourInterlibraryLoanitem,youmustcallusatleastoneweekbeforetheduedate.InterlibraryLoanPenalties(处罚)·InterlibraryLoanoverduefeesare$0.50/dayperitem.·Thefollowingactionswillresultinanadditional$3.00peritemfine:(1)ReturninganInterlibraryLoanitemtoanylibraryotherthantheOsterhoutFreeLibrary.(2)ReturninganInterlibraryLoanitemwithoutthepaperworkwiththeduedate.1.WhatisamustwhenyouborrowabookfromInterlibraryLoan?A.Renewingthebook3daysinadvance. B.Specifyingyourdesiredbook.C.VisitingtheOsterhoutFreeLibrary. D.GivingprioritytoInterlibraryLoan.2.What’saprivilegeforpatronsoftheOsterhoutFreeLibrary?A.Beingremindedofanunavailableitembye-mail.B.Borrowingatleast5itemsatatime.C.Beinggivenunlimitedrenewalofanitem.D.Havingafreedeliveryservice.3.Howmuchfinewillyoupayforjustanitem’sdelayedreturnfor2weeks?A.$4. B.$6.5.C.$7. D.$3.5.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了OsterhoutFreeLibrary为顾客提供的一项馆际借阅服务。——★参考答案★——1.B2.A3.C【1题详析】细节理解题。根据HowtorequestanInterlibraryLoanitem部分中“Youmustknowexactlywhatitem(s)youwouldlike.(你必须确切地知道你想要什么东西)”可知，你需要明确自己想要借阅的书籍。故选B。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据InterlibraryLoanProcessing部分中“Iftheitemisnotabletobeobtained,thepatronwillbenotifiedviae-mail.(如果无法获得该项目，将通过电子邮件通知用户)”可知，如果图书馆工作人员没有找到你需要的物品，会通过电子邮件通知你。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据InterlibraryLoanPenalties部分中“·InterlibraryLoanoverduefeesare$0.50/dayperitem.(·馆际互借逾期费为每件物品每天0.50美元)”可推知，如果你逾期14天没有将所借的物品归还，则需缴纳$0.5*14=7美元的罚款。故选C。BOneearlymorning,Iwascleaningthebathroomshowercurtainanditsliner(衬布)whenithitme.Ihadtocleanatwo-dollarplasticlinerbecauseIdidn’thaveafewextradollarstobuyanewone.Icouldn’tbelieveit!Complainingwasn’thowIwouldstarttheday,especiallywhenthesunwasshining.Tocontinuethedayoptimistically,Ileftthecleaningformydailywalkatthebeach.Alongthewaythroughthedowntownarea,somethingonthesidewalkcaughtmyattention.Iwalkedoverandpickeditup.Itwasasmallpaperbagwithnomarkings,soitwasn’tpossibletofigureoutwhoitbelongedto.Iassumedsomeonemusthavedroppedit,perhapswhileloadingotherbagsintohis/hercar.Iturneditoverforanyidentification.Nostorename,butthebrandmarkingonthefrontclearlyspecifieditwasashowercurtainliner!Speechless,Iturneditovermanytimesinmyhands.Believeitornot,itwasreallyanunopenedshowercurtainliner.Ijusthappenedtobethepersonwhowalkedbyandfounditonthesidewalk.Ittookmeafewminutestodecidewhattodonext,notwantingtoclaimsomethingthatwasn’tmine.IfIbroughtittothepolicestationacrossthestreet,thepolicemightjustshareagoodlaughoveratwo-dollarshowercurtainliner.Idecidedtokeepitformyself.ButIwasstillsurprisedbecausetheworthlessplasticlinerthathadneededcleaninginspiredmycomplaintandanearlymorningwalkhadsuddenlytransformeditselfintoagiftonthesidewalkforme.Howthatmomentbrightenedmyday!Athome,myfocuswasonmyself,myanxieties,andmylimitsinbeingabletofixtheproblem.Onceoutside,Irelaxedintheperspectiveofamuchbiggerpicture.Mypersonalcomplaintchangedtothankfulnessforthebeautythatextendedbeforemyeyesintheformofabrand-newshowercurtainliner,whichmatchedperfectlywithmybathroom!4Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorgoingforawalkonthebeach?A.Toseekareplacementfortheliner.B.Tostartherdayinanoptimisticway.C.Togetenergeticfortheday’swork.D.Togetrelaxedaftertheheavycleaning.5.Whatstoppedtheauthorfromreportingthebagtothepolice?A.Thecuriosityofopeningthebag.B.Theurgetokeepittoherself.C.Thechancetofindtheowner.D.Thefearofbeinglaughedat.6.Whydidtheauthorfeelsurprised?A.Itwasstrangethatafreelinershouldmakeherday.B.Theworthlesslinerturnedoutagiftfromfriends.C.Therewasaspecialwayforherfinancialsupport.D.Achancemeetinggaveherconfidenceinlife.7.Whatdidtheauthortrytoconveyinthelastparagraph?A.Learntobegrateful. B.Fixtheproblemtimely.CAvoidcomplaints. D.Broadenyourperspective.【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为一件琐事感到焦虑，于是她来到海边散步，因此有了意外的收获并让她重新感受到快乐的故事。——★参考答案★——4.B5.D6.A7.D【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Tocontinuethedayoptimistically,Ileftthecleaningformydailywalkatthebeach.(为了乐观地继续这一天，我放下清洁工作，每天去海滩散步。)”可知，作者为了让自己的一天能乐观地开始，决定放下手头的事去海滩散步。故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段“thepolicemightjustshareagoodlaughoveratwo-dollarshower-curtainliner.Idecidedtokeepitformyself.(警察可能只是对两美元的浴帘衬垫一笑了之。我决定自己留着。)”可知，作者因为害怕被嘲笑，所以没有把这个包裹交给警察。故选D。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“ButIwasstillsurprisedbecausetheworthlessplasticlinerthathadneededcleaninginspiredmycomplaintandanearlymorningwalkhadsuddenlytransformeditselfintoagiftonthesidewalkforme.Howthatmomentbrightenedmyday!(但我仍然感到惊讶，因为那个需要清洗的毫无价值的塑料衬垫激发了我的抱怨，而清晨的散步突然变成了人行道上给我的礼物。那一刻使我这一天多么愉快啊！)”可知，作者惊讶于自己因为一个需要清理的不值钱的衬布而开始抱怨，结果在外出散步时竟在人行道上得到了一个免费的衬布，这使自己感到很快乐。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Onceoutside,Irelaxedintheperspectiveofamuchbiggerpicture.(一旦走出室外，置身于更广阔的视野中，我放松了下来。)”可推知，作者认为拓宽视野可以使自己摆脱烦心事。故选D。CFoodpollutedwithfungi(真菌)canbeaninconvenienceatbestandlife-threateningatworst.Butnewresearchshowsthatremovingjustoneproteincanleavesomefungaltoxins(毒素)highanddry,andthat’spotentiallygoodnewsforfoodsafety.Somefungiproducetoxicchemicalscalledmycotoxinsthatnotonlyruinfoodsuchasgrainsbutcanalsomakeussick.“Itisasilentenemy,”saidfungalresearcherOzgurBayramofMaynoothUniversityinIreland,asmostpeopledon’tnoticewhenfoodslikecornorwheatareruined.Foryears,researchershaveknownthatsomefungiproducethesetoxins,butdidn’tknowallthedetail.Now,Bayramandhiscolleagueshaveidentifiedagroupofproteinsresponsibleforturningontheproductionofmycotoxins.Geneticallyengineeringthefungustoremoveevenjustoneoftheproteinspreventsthetoxinsfrombeingmade,theresearchersreportedintheSeptember23issueofNucleicAcidsResearch.“Thenewlyidentifiedproteinsactlikeakeystartingacar,”Bayramsaid.“Theresearcherswantedtofigureouthowtoremovethekeyandpreventthestartingsignalfromgoingthrough,meaningthatnotoxinswouldbemadeinthefirstplace.”BayramandhisteamidentifiedtheproteinsinakindoffungusnamedA.nidulans,revealingthatfourproteinscometogethertomakethekey.Theresearchersgeneticallyengineeredthefungustodeleteeachproteininturn.Whenanyofthefourproteinsaremissing,thekeydoesnotstartmycotoxinignition(点火装置),theteamfound.Fungiandfungi-likeorganismsareestimatedtoruinathirdoftheworld’sfoodcropseachyear.Ifthatcontaminationcouldbeprevented,Bayramestimatesthesavedfoodwouldbeenoughtofeed800millionpeoplein2024.Thenewresearchisagoodstart,butitwillstillbeachallengetotrytounderstandhowthiscanbeoperationalizedforagriculturalpurposes.“It’sdifficulttoapplythetechnique,andgettingUSregulatoryagenciestoapprovetheuseofageneticallymodifiedfungusonkeyfoodcropsmightbedifficult,”saidFeliciaWuafoodsafetyexpert.8.Whyisthemycotoxincalled“asilentenemy”?A.Itishardtobeproved. B.Ittendstobeunnoticed.C.Itsproteinisharmful. D.Itsdamageisincurable.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contamination”inparagraph6mean?A.Pollution B.Increase C.Spread D.Control10.WhatisonedifficultyaccordingtoFeliciaWu?A.Changingthegenesoffungus. B.Puttingthetechniquetopracticaluse.C.Enlargingthesizeoffarmland. D.Usinggeneticallymodifiedfood.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Manycropsareruinedbyfungieachyear. B.Fungibringgreatharmtopeople’shealth.C.Deletingaproteincanstoptoxinproduction. D.Researchersfoundnewproteinsproducingtoxins.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究发现，通过对某种真菌进行基因改造，将其中的某种蛋白质删除，可阻止霉菌毒素的产生，使一些食物不被真菌污染。——★参考答案★——8.B9.A10.B11.C【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段““Itisasilentenemy,”saidfungalresearcherOzgurBayramofMaynoothUniversityinIreland,asmostpeopledon’tnoticewhenfoodslikecornorwheatareruined.(“这是一个安静的敌人，”爱尔兰梅努斯大学的真菌研究员OzgurBayram说，因为大多数人不会注意到玉米或小麦等食物坏了)”可知，霉菌毒素之所以被叫作“安静的敌人”，是因为大多数人不会注意到玉米或小麦等食物何时变质。故选B。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“savedfoodwouldbeenoughtofeed800millionpeoplein2024.”以及第一段“Foodpollutedwithfungicanbeaninconvenienceatbestandlife-threateningatworst.(被真菌污染的食物在最好的情况下会给人们带来不便，在最坏的情况下会危及生命)”可知，此处指真菌污染如果能被阻止，那保存下来的食物足以在2022年养活8亿人。故选A。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thenewresearchisagoodstart,butitwillstillbeachallengetotrytounderstandhowthiscanbeoperationalizedforagriculturalpurposes.“It’sdifficulttoapplythetechnique,andgettingUSregulatoryagenciestoapprovetheuseofageneticallymodifiedfungusonkeyfoodcropsmightbedifficult,”saidFeliciaWuafoodsafetyexpert.(这项新研究是一个良好的开端，但试图理解如何将其用于农业目的仍将是一个挑战。食品安全专家FeliciaWu表示：“这项技术很难应用，而且让美国监管机构批准在主要粮食作物上使用转基因真菌可能也很困难。”)”可知，如何将这项研究应用于实践是研究人员所面临的一个难题。故选B。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Foodpollutedwithfungi(真菌)canbeaninconvenienceatbestandlife-threateningatworst.Butnewresearchshowsthatremovingjustoneproteincanleavesomefungaltoxins(毒素)highanddry,andthat’spotentiallygoodnewsforfoodsafety.(被真菌污染的食物往好了说会带来不便，往坏了说会危及生命。但新的研究表明，去除一种蛋白质可以使一些真菌毒素处于干燥状态，这对食品安全来说可能是个好消息)”结合本文介绍了一项研究发现，通过对某种真菌进行基因改造，将其中的某种蛋白质删除，可阻止霉菌毒素的产生。故C项“删除一种蛋白质可以阻止毒素的产生”最能概括本文的主旨大意。故选C。DSharondownsizedherparents’homeandthenclearedoutherfather’sstuffafterhedied.“Somuchofithadn’tbeenusedinyears.SoIdecidedthatwewouldn’tdothesamethingtoourchildren.”Sharonspentsixmonthslookingovereachobjectinherhome.Eachday,shesold,donatedorthrewoneaway.“Itwasliberating,”shesaid.“Now,lifeismuchsimplerandtheclutter(杂乱)isgone.”ThisprocesshasitsownrealityTVshow,TheGentleArtofSwedishDeathCleaning.Inspiredbyabest-sellingbookbyMagnusson,89,threeSwedestravelacrosstheAtlantictohelpAmericanscleanhouseandfacedeath.“Alovedonewishestoinherit(继承)nicethingsfromyou,”mentionsMagnussoninherbook,“notallthingsfromyou.”Ifyou’reluckyenoughtomeetyourmaterialneeds,thenlettinggoofsomeofyourstuff,ornotbuyingitinthefirstplace,canbringimmediatebenefits.Theclutterislinkedtostressandanxiety,evendepression.Prioritizingrelationshipsandexperienceoverpossessionshasbeenproventoboostourhappiness.WhatisSwedishdeathcleaning?Itisn’taboutclearingoutclosets.It’saboutrethinkingyourrelationshipwiththings.Ratherthanmakingdowithless,it’saboutgettingmorefromthethingsthatmakeyouhappy.Deathcleaninghappenstoagreewithscientists’understandingofourrelationshipwiththingsandwhywe’reunwillingtopartwiththem.Decadesofresearchhasshownthatwesubconsciouslyseeourpossessionsasphysicalextensionsofourselves.Formostofus,ofcourse,adegreeofattachmentishealthy,butit’snotthenumberofthingsorthequalitythatmatters.It’saboutthesymbolicmeaningofit.Thatcanbringalotofhappiness.Thingstakeupspaceinourminds,wellbeyondwhatourstoreroomsandgarageshold.Byclarifyingwhat’simportantandwhat’snot,youmakeroom.Yourlovedonescanreceivewhattheymightlikebeforeyougo,relievingthemselvesoftheburdenofcleaninguponceyou’regone.12.WhydoestheauthormentionSharon’sexperienceinparagraph1?A.Toleadtothetopic. B.Tomakeacomparison.C.Tosupportanargument. D.Toreachaconclusion.13WhatisthepurposeofSwedishdeathcleaning?A.Toreducethewaste. B.Toremembertheirlovedones.C.Toboosttheirhappiness. D.TomaketherealityTVshow.14.Whatshouldonefocusonwhencleaninguptheoldthings?A.Thequantity. B.Thepopularity.C.Thesignificance. D.Thedegreeofattachments.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.OldStuff:aHeavyBurdenoraSweetMemory.B.Everyone’sStuff:PhysicalExtensionsofHimself.CTheWaytoDealwithYourBelongings:GiveAway.D.Swedes’SecrettoHappiness:YouAren’tYourStuff.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了瑞典死亡清理这一理念，强调通过重新思考人与物品的关系来提高生活质量和幸福感。——★参考答案★——12.A13.C14.C15.D【12题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Sharondownsizedherparents’homeandthenclearedoutherfather’sstuffafterhedied.“Somuchofithadn’tbeenusedinyears.SoIdecidedthatwewouldn’tdothesamethingtoourchildren.”Sharonspentsixmonthslookingovereachobjectinherhome.Eachday,shesold,donatedorthrewoneaway.“Itwasliberating,”shesaid.“Now,lifeismuchsimplerandtheclutter(杂乱)isgone.”(莎伦缩小了她父母的房子，然后在她父亲去世后清理了他的东西。“其中有很多很多年都没用过了。所以我决定我们不会对我们的孩子做同样的事情。”莎伦花了六个月的时间仔细检查家里的每件物品。每天，她都会卖掉、捐赠或扔掉一个。“这是一种解脱，”她说。“现在，生活简单多了，杂物也没有了。”)”和文章第二段“ThisprocesshasitsownrealityTVshow,TheGentleArtofSwedishDeathCleaning.(这个过程有自己的真人秀节目，瑞典死亡清理的温柔艺术。)”以及文章第三段“WhatisSwedishdeathcleaning?(什么是瑞典式死亡清理？)”可知，作者在第一段介绍Sharon的经历的目的是引出本文的主题。故选A。【13题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Prioritizingrelationshipsandexperienceoverpossessionshasbeenproventoboostourhappiness.(事实证明，将人际关系和体验置于财产之上能提高我们的幸福感。)”和文章第三段“Thatcanbringalotofhappiness.(这会带来很多快乐。)”可推知，瑞典人进行死亡清理的目的是提升人们的幸福感。故选C。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“It’saboutthesymbolicmeaningofit.Thatcanbringalotofhappiness.(这是关于它的象征意义。这会带来很多快乐。)”可知，在清理物品时，人们应该关注物品的象征意义。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕瑞典死亡清理的概念展开，强调通过重新思考人与物品的关系，将重点放在人际关系和经历上，从而提高幸福感。D项：Swedes’SecrettoHappiness:YouAren’tYourStuff.（瑞典人幸福的秘诀：你不是你的东西。）为合适的标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题,每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。“Manisbynatureasocialanimal,”thefamousGreekphilosopherAristotlewrotemorethan2,000yearsago.Fromthetimeyouenterthisworld,youstartcommunicating.Yourfirstcryisyourfirstattemptatverbal(口头的)communication.Andasyoustartgrowing,youfindnewerwaysofcommunication.Youlearntoformwordsandsentencestocommunicate.____16____Verbalcommunicationmeanseffectivelypresentingyourthoughtsverbally.____17____Beitaweeklymeetingorapresentationtostakeholders(股东),theimportanceofverbalcommunicationisunparalleled.Peoplealwaysrememberapersonwhospeaksclearly,effectively,andconfidently.Forinstance,Appleco-founderSteveJobs’sspeechattheiPhonelaunchingceremonyisaclassicexampleofbrilliantverbalcommunicationthatpeopleremembereventoday.____18____Interpersonalcommunicationoftenhappensbetweentwoindividuals.Reactionsandresponsesfromtheotherpersonwillhelpyouunderstandifyou’regettingyourthoughtsacrossclearly.Publiccommunicationisalsoknownas“publicspeaking”.Speeches,electioncampaignsandpresentationsareafewexamplesofthistype.Verbalcommunicationisabroadtopic.Therearevariouselementsthathelpusorganizeourthoughtsaroundit.Theyincludethetone,speed,andvolumeofyourspeech.____19____Eachoftheseelementsmattersinanykindofverbalcommunication.Avarietyofchallengesmayariseinverbalcommunication.Althoughdifficultieswithverbalcommunicationcan’tbeentirelyavoided,itispossibletoincreaseyourchancesofcommunicatingsuccessfully.Considerthemessageyouwishtocommunicatebeforespeakingandcommunicatewithrespectfortherecipient’spointofview.____20____Pronounceyourwordsclearlyandbeconsciousofnonverbalaspectssuchaseyecontact,postureandfacialexpressions.A.Payattentiontowhatyousayandhowyousayit.B.Itsrelevantskillsareessentialintheworldofbusiness.C.Verbalcommunicationcanbeclassifiedintotwomaintypes.D.Thisisthebeginningoftherealsenseofverbalcommunication.E.Languagebarriersareamajorcauseofconfusioninverbalcommunication.F.Everyonehasauniquestyleofcommunicatingandunderstandingmessages.G.Additionally,grammarandvocabularyarecriticalaspectsofverbalcommunication.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了口头交际的概念、分类及应对口头交际中存在的挑战的方法。——★参考答案★——16.D17.B18.C19.G20.A【16题详析】根据上文““Manisbynatureasocialanimal,”thefamousGreekphilosopherAristotlewrotemorethan2,000yearsago.Fromthetimeyouenterthisworld,youstartcommunicating.Yourfirstcryisyourfirstattemptatverbal(口头的)communication.Andasyoustartgrowing,youfindnewerwaysofcommunication.Youlearntoformwordsandsentencestocommunicate.(2000多年前，希腊著名哲学家亚里士多德写道：“人是天生的社会性动物。”从你进入这个世界的那一刻起，你就开始交流了。你的第一次哭泣是你第一次尝试用语言交流。当你开始成长时，你会发现新的交流方式。你学会组织单词和句子来交流)”可知，此空设于段尾，起到承接上文作用，该项中的This指代上一句内容，该项说明了“人们学习组词造句来交流，这是真正意义上的口头交际的开始”。故D选项“这是真正意义上的语言交流的开始”符合语境，故选D。【17题详析】根据上文“Verbalcommunicationmeanseffectivelypresentingyourthoughtsverbally.(口头交流是指用语言有效地表达你的想法)”以及下文“Beitaweeklymeetingorapresentationtostakeholders(股东),theimportanceofverbalcommunicationisunparalleled.Peoplealwaysrememberapersonwhospeaksclearly,effectively,andconfidently.Forinstance,Appleco-founderSteveJobs’sspeechattheiPhonelaunchingceremonyisaclassicexampleofbrilliantverbalcommunicationthatpeopleremembereventoday.(无论是每周一次的会议还是对利益相关者的演讲，口头沟通的重要性都是无与伦比的。人们总是记得说话清晰、有效、自信的人。例如，苹果公司联合创始人史蒂夫·乔布斯在iPhone发布仪式上的演讲就是一个经典的口头交流的例子，即使在今天人们也记得)”可知，此空设于段中，与上文存在指代关系，该项中的Itsrelevantskills指代“口头交际相关的技能”，且与下文存在解释关系，无论是每周一次的会议还是面向参与方的演讲都反映了“口头交际技能在商业领域是必不可少的”。故B选项“它的相关技能在商业世界中是必不可少的”符合语境，故选B。【18题详析】根据后文“Interpersonalcommunicationoftenhappensbetweentwoindividuals.Reactionsandresponsesfromtheotherpersonwillhelpyouunderstandifyou’regettingyourthoughtsacrossclearly.Publiccommunicationisalsoknownas“publicspeaking”.Speeches,electioncampaignsandpresentationsareafewexamplesofthistype.(人际交往经常发生在两个人之间。对方的反应和回应会帮助你理解你是否清楚地表达了自己的想法。公共沟通也被称为“公共演讲”。演讲、竞选活动和演讲就是这种类型的几个例子)”可知，此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。该段介绍了“人际沟通”和“公众沟通”两种类型的口头交际。故C选项“语言交际可以分为两种主要类型”符合语境，故选C。【19题详析】根据上文“Verbalcommunicationisabroadtopic.Therearevariouselementsthathelpusorganizeourthoughtsaroundit.Theyincludethetone,speed,andvolumeofyourspeech.(口头交流是一个广泛的话题。有各种各样的因素可以帮助我们围绕它组织我们的思想。它们包括你讲话的语气、语速和音量)”可知，此空设于段中，与上文存在递进关系，上文说明了影响口头交际的因素，包括语气、语速和音量。该项介绍了另外两个因素，即语法和词汇。故G选项“此外，语法和词汇是语言交际的关键方面”符合语境，故选G。【20题详析】根据上文“Avarietyofchallengesmayariseinverbalcommunication.Althoughdifficultieswithverbalcommunicationcan’tbeentirelyavoided,itispossibletoincreaseyourchancesofcommunicatingsuccessfully.Considerthemessageyouwishtocommunicatebeforespeakingandcommunicatewithrespectfortherecipient’spointofview.(语言交际中可能会出现各种各样的挑战。虽然语言交流的困难不能完全避免，但增加成功沟通的机会是可能的。说话前要考虑你想要传达的信息，并尊重对方的观点)”以及后文“Pronounceyourwordsclearlyandbeconsciousofnonverbalaspectssuchaseyecontact,postureandfacialexpressions.(发音清晰，注意眼神交流、姿势和面部表情等非语言方面)”可知，此空设于段中，与上下文存在并列关系，该句说明了增加沟通成功率的一种方法，即注意所说的内容及说话的方式。故A选项“注意你说的话和说话的方式”符合语境，故选A。第三部分语言应用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题，每题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Igrewupplayingsports.Myhusband,Kenny,wasworkingasabasketballcoach.Weweren’tsurprisedwhenourdaughterKennedishowedearly____21____excellence.Watchingheroutrunotherkids,weknewshewasdestined(注定的)for____22____onthetrack.Bythetimesheturned13yearsold,ourfamilylifewasfullofpracticesandtrackmeets.Ihad____23____ofcollegescholarshipsandeventheOlympicsinmymind.Certainly,Ididnotexpectitwhenthedoctor____24____Kennedi’srightanklewasseriouslytorn.Icouldn’thelp____25____thedayswhenIwasatrackmom.WhenKennediwasonlysixyearsold,wemadetrackourhousehold____26____.Thatmeantafullscheduleoftrainingandcompetitions.Slowlybutsurely,track____27____ourlives.ToensureKennediwouldn’tmissany____28____,wecanceledfamilygatherings.Ieven____29____thetimeKennedicouldspendwithherfriends.____30____theroleIplayedinKennedi’slife,IrealizedthatIprobablycaredtoomuchaboutthemedalsbutIwas____31____ofKennedi’struefeelings.SoIdecidedtomakea____32____.Forthefirsttimeinyears,wetriedsomething____33____:anactualfamilyvacation.Itwasthebesttimewe’dhadtogether.ThegoodnewswasthatKennedi____34____verywellaftersomesurgery.We’rebacktoabusyfamilylife.Butwe____35____missfamilyvacations,asweknownothingismoreimportantthanmakingourbelovedoneshealthyandhappy.21.A.musical B.academic C.technical D.athletic22.A.greatness B.fairness C.humbleness D.vividness23.A.choices B.comment C.visions D.experience24.A.promised B.denied C.admitted D.announced25.A.starting B.spending C.recognizing D.recalling26.A.priority B.principle C.wisdom D.standard27.A.dependedon B.tookover C.gavewayto D.putupwith28.A.appointment B.vacation C.practice D.target29.A.appreciated B.restricted C.offered D.stretched30.A.Reflectingon B.Identifyingwith C.Lookingupto D.Breakingup31A.ignorant B.afraid C.proud D.ashamed32.A.distinction B.reservation C.change D.suggestion33.A.traditional B.similar C.different D.healthy34.A.played B.recovered C.remembered D.knew35.A.originally B.completely C.consequently D.barely【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者曾经过于在意Kenny的运动训练和比赛，忽视了女儿的感受，女儿受伤以后，作者也做出了改变。——★参考答案★——21.D22.A23.C24.D25.D26.A27.B28.C29.B30.A31.A32.C33.C34.B35.D【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们的女儿肯尼迪表现出早期的运动天赋时，我们并不感到惊讶。A.musical音乐的；B.academic学术的；C.technical技术的；D.athletic运动的。根据上文“Igrewupplayingsports.Myhusband,Kenny,wasworkingasabasketballcoach.(我是在运动中长大的。我的丈夫肯尼是一名篮球教练。)”以及后文“Bythetimesheturned13yearsold,ourfamilylifewasfullofpracticesandtrackmeets.(到她13岁的时候，我们的家庭生活充满了训练和田径比赛。)”指女儿有运动天赋。故选D。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：看着她跑得比其他孩子快，我们知道她注定会在跑道上取得伟大的成就。A.greatness伟大；B.fairness公平；C.humbleness谦虚；D.vividness生动。根据上文“Watchingheroutrunotherkids”可知，女儿比其他孩子跑得快，注定会在跑道上取得伟大的成就。故选A。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我的脑海里有大学奖学金甚至奥运会的远景。A.choices选择；B.comment评论；C.visions愿景；D.experience经历。根据后文“ofcollegescholarshipsandeventheOlympicsinmymind”可知，女儿现在只有13岁，作者就开始有了大学奖学金甚至奥运会的愿景。故选C。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，当医生宣布肯尼迪的右脚踝严重撕裂时，我没有预料到这一点。A.promised承诺；B.denied否认；C.admitted承认；D.announced宣布。根据后文“Kennedi’srightanklewasseriouslytorn”指医生宣布女儿受了重伤。故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我禁不住回忆起我当田径妈妈的日子。A.startin