大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷29（共220题）

大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷29（共9套）（共220题）大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷第1套一、词汇理解(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。)Passionisanimportantfactortoconsiderwhenchoosingajob,butit'snottheonlyfactor.Let'sconsiderthequestion:Shouldyoumakeyourcareeryourpassion,orfindajobthat【C1】________youtospendtimeonitoutsideofwork?First,thelatteroptioncanbeless【C2】________,Beforemakingitafull-timejob,youcandipyourtoesinthewaterbyjoiningaclubortakingaclasstotestoutwhatpursuingyourpassionislike.Takingthisapproachgivesyoumore【C3】________toexploreapassionthatyoumightbenervousaboutcommittingtoasacareer,sinceyou'refreefromthepressuretoturnitintoyour【C4】________.Inaddition,drawingalinebetweenwhatyouloveandwhatyoudocanhelpyoubuildhealthy【C5】________betweenyourworkandpersonallives,andallowyoutobuildandbecomeapartofcommunitieswho【C6】________yourinterests.Youcangettoknowlike-mindedpeoplewhomightgiveyoubetterinsightintowhatyourday-to-daywouldlooklikeifyou【C7】________dodecidetomakeyourpassionyourjob.Thereareotherbenefitstokeepingworkandpassion【C8】________.Someresearchessuggestthattransforminghobbiesintoworkcouldundermineyourenjoymentoftheseactivities,asyourinterestgetsgraduallydestroyedbythepursuitofexternalrewardslikecompensation.Thismaybeparticularlytruefor【C9】________passions,suchaswriting,painting,ormusic.Yourpassion(s)mightalso【C10】________overtime,soyoumaynotwanttolockintoacareerpathbasedsolelyonyourcurrentinterest.Passionscandefineusasindividuals,helpingtomakeourlivessatisfyingandmeaningful.Butpassiondoesn'tnecessarilyhavetodefineourwork.Thosewhopursuepassionoutsideofworkoftenfindthatthosepersonalinterestsenergizethemtogotoworkanddotheirjobswell.A)evolveF)forcesK)occasionallyB)allowsG)creativeL)riskyC)possibleH)boundariesM)ultimatelyD)livelihoodI)separateN)habitE)freedomJ)burdenO)share1、【C1】标准答案：B知识点解析：空格处位于that引导的定语从句中，从句的主语是that，谓语是________，宾语是you，且主句为一般现在时，因此空格处应为动词第三人称单数形式（v-s）。空格所在句意为“让我们考虑一下这个问题：你应该让你的职业成为你的兴趣，还是找一份工作，________你在工作之余花时间在兴趣上面？”。or用于连接两种选择，or之前为“让你的职业成为兴趣”，由此可推断出or之后应为“将工作和兴趣分开”，即在工作之余追求兴趣，因此空格处所填词汇应与“允许，使”意思相近。根据词性归类，动词中只有B项allows“允许，准许”符合句意。故本题选B。2、【C2】标准答案：L知识点解析：空格处位于主系表结构中，主语为thelatteroption，系动词为canbe，表语为less________，less一般修饰形容词或不可数名词，因此空格处应为形容词（a.）或不可数名词（n.）。空格所在句意为“首先，后一种选择风险较________”。由上文可知，thelatteroption“后一种选择”指的是findajobthatallowsyoutospendtimeonitoutsideofwork“找一份工作，允许你在工作之余花时间在兴趣上面”，结合下文Beforemakingitafull-timejob，youcandipyourtoesinthewaterjoiningaclubortakingaclasstowhatpursingyourpassionislike（在把兴趣当成全职工作之前，你可以……加入一个俱乐部或者参加一个课程进行尝试，……追求兴趣的生活是什么样子），可见后一种选择比较稳妥，空格前有less修饰，因此空格处所填词汇应与“不稳妥，危险”意思相近。根据词性归类，名词均不符合句意，形容词中只有L项risky“有风险的，有危险的”符合句意。故本题选L。3、【C3】标准答案：E知识点解析：空格所在句主谓宾结构完整，主语为Takingthisapproach，谓语为gives，间接宾语为you，more________作gives的直接宾语，构成givesb.sth.的结构，因此空格处应为名词（n.）。空格所在句意为“采取这种方法可以给你更多的________，去探索那个你不敢当作职业全身心投入的兴趣”。由上文可知，这种方法允许，人们在把兴趣当成全职工作之前进行尝试，结合下文的you’refreefromthepressure“你摆脱了压力”可知，这种方式给人们更多选择的空间，因此空格处所填词汇应与“自由，空间”意思相近。根据词性归类，名词中只有E项freedom“自由”符合句意。故本题选E。4、【C4】标准答案：D知识点解析：空格处位于since引导的原因状语从句中，从句的主干是you’refreefromthepressure，toturnitintoyour________为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰pressure，且空格处位于turnsth.intosth.“使……变成……”的结构中，因此，空格处应为名词（n.）。空格所在句意为“采取这种方法可以给你更多的自由，去探索那个你不敢当作职业全身心投入的兴趣，因为（这样）你就摆脱将它转变成________的压力”。it指代passion，结合上文，本段探讨的是将工作与兴趣分开，即不靠兴趣赚钱，因此空格处所填词汇应与“工作，谋生，赚钱”意思相近。根据词性归类，名词中只有D项livelihood“生计，赚钱谋生的手段”符合句意。故本题选D。5、【C5】标准答案：H知识点解析：空格所在句主谓宾结构完整，主语为drawingaline，谓语为canhelp，宾语为you，空格处位于helpsb.dosth.的结构中，因此空格处应为名词（n.）。空格所在句意为“把你所热爱的和你的工作区分开来，可以帮助你在工作和个人生活之间划定健康的________”。由本句中drawingaline“（对某事物）加以区别，划清（与某事物的）界线”可推知，空格处应体现将工作与个人生活分开之意，因此空格处所填词汇应与“界限”意思相近。根据词性归类，名词中只有H项boundaries“界限，边界”符合句意。故本题选H。6、【C6】标准答案：O知识点解析：空格处位于who引导的定语从句中，从句的主语为who，谓语为________，宾语为yourinterests，且主句为一般现在时，因此空格处应为动词原形（v.）。空格所在句意为“把你所热爱的和你的工作区分开来……让你建立并成为与你有________兴趣的团体的一分子”。结合下一句Youcangettoknowlike-mindedpeople“你可以结识志同道合的人”可知，大家志趣相投，因此空格处所填词汇应与“共同的，相似的”意思相近。根据词性归类，动词中只有O项share“共有，共享”符合句意。故本题选O。7、【C7】标准答案：M知识点解析：空格处位于if引导的条件状语从句中，从句的主语为you，谓语为dodecidetomake，从句的主谓宾结构完整，空格处应为副词（ad.），修饰谓语。空格所在句意为“你可以结识志同道合的人，他们可能会使你更好地了解如果你________决定把兴趣变成工作，你的日常生活会是什么样子”。结合前文和本句可推知，志同道合的人如果已经把自己的兴趣变成了工作，那么他们的经历可以帮助你了解到“如果你在经过尝试之后最终决定把兴趣变成工作，你的日常生活将会是什么样子”，因此空格处所填词汇应与“最终地，最后地”意思相近。根据词性归类，副词中只有M项ultimately“最终，最后”符合句意。故本题选M。8、【C8】标准答案：I知识点解析：空格所在句主谓宾结构完整，主干为Thereareotherbenefits，tokeepingworkandpassion_________为介词短语作后置定语，修饰benefits，keepsth.adj.表示“使……处于某种状态”，空格后为句号，因此空格处应为形容词（a.）。空格所在句意为“把工作和兴趣________还有其他好处”。第二、三段讲的都是把工作和兴趣分开的好处，由otherbenefits可知，本段仍继续讲把工作和兴趣分开的好处，因此空格处所填词汇应与“分开的”意思相近。根据词性归类，形容词中只有I项separate“分开的；独立的”符合句意。故本题选I。9、【C9】标准答案：G知识点解析：空格所在句主谓宾结构完整，主干为Thismaybeparticularlytrue，空格前为be…truefor“……适用于”，空格后为名词passions，因此空格处应为形容词（a.），修饰passions。空格所在句意为“这对于________兴趣来说尤其如此，比如写作、绘画或音乐”。suchas后接具体例子，空格处应是对“写作、绘画或音乐”的概括，写作、绘画和音乐均为艺术创作，因此空格处所填词汇应与“有创造性的，艺术类的”意思相近。根据词性归类，形容词中只有G项creative“创造性的；创作的”符合句意。故本题选G。10、【C10】标准答案：A知识点解析：空格处位于主谓宾结构中，主语为Yourpassion（s），谓语为mightalso________，overtime为时间状语，空格前有情态动词might，因此空格处应为动词原形（v.）。空格所在句意为“你的兴趣也会随着时间的推移而________，所以你可能不想仅仅根据你当前的兴趣就把自己禁锢在某一条职业道路上”。由so可知，本句前半句为原因，后半句为结果。由后半句可知，兴趣会改变，职业道路也会随着兴趣的变化而变化，因此空格处所填词汇应与“变化”意思相近。根据词性归类，动词中只有A项evolve“逐步发展，逐渐演变”符合句意。故本题选A。二、长篇阅读(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。)France'sBelovedCathedralOnlyMinutesAwayfromCompleteDestruction[A]NotreDameCathedralintheheartofPariswaswithin"15to30minutes"ofcompletedestructionasfirefightersbattledtostopflamesreachingitsbelltowersonMondayevening,Frenchauthoritieshaverevealed.AgreaterdisasterwasavertedbymembersoftheParisfirebrigade,whoriskedtheirlivestoremaininsidetheburningmonumenttocreateawallofwaterbetweentheragingfireandthetwotowersonthewestofthebuilding.[B]TherevelationofhowcloseFrancecametolosingitsmostfamouscathedralemergedaspoliceinvestigatorsquestionedworkersinvolvedintherestorationofthemonumenttotrytoestablishthecauseofthedevastatingblaze.ParisprosecutorRemyHeitzsaidthataninitialfirealertwassoundedat6:20pmonMondayeveningbutnofirewasfound.Thesecondalertwassoundedat6:43pm,andtheblazewasdiscoveredontheroof.[C]Morethan€650millionwasraisedinafewhoursonTuesdayasFrenchbusinessleadersandglobalcorporationsannouncedtheywoulddonatetoarestorationcampaignlaunchedbythepresident,EmmanuelMacron.Butastheemergencyservicespickedthroughtheburntdebris,arowwasresurfacingoveraccusationsthatthebelovedcathedral,immortalisedinVictorHugo'snovel,wasalreadycrumblingbeforethefire.[D]ThecathedralisownedbytheFrenchstateandhasbeenatthecentreofayears-longdisputeoverwhoshouldfinancerestorationworkofthecollapsingstaircases,crumblingstatuesandcrackedwalls.Jean-MichelLeniaud,thepresidentofthescientificcouncilattheNationalHeritageInstitute,said:"Whathappenedwasboundtohappen.Thelackofadequatemaintenanceanddailyattentiontosuchamajesticbuildingisthecauseofthiscatastrophe."Aftertheblazewasdeclaredcompletelyextinguished,15hoursafteritstarted,thejuniorinteriorminister,LaurentNunez,saidthestructurehadbeensavedbutremainedvulnerable.Hepraisedtheactionsofthefirefightersbutadmittedthefateofthecathedralhadbeenuncertain."Theysavedthemainstructure,butitallcamedownto15-30minutes,"Nunezsaid.[E]InasurprisetelevisedaddressonTuesdayevening,Macronsaidhewantedtoseethecathedralrebuiltwithinfiveyears."ThefireatNotreDameremindsusthatwewillalwayshavechallengestoovercome,"Macronsaid,"NotreDameisourhistory,ourliterature,thecentreofourlife.Itisthestandardbywhichwemeasureourdistances.It'ssomanybooks,somanypaintings.It'sthecathedralofeveryFrenchperson,eventhosewhohavenevervisitedit.ThishistoryisoursandsowewillrebuildNotreDame.ItiswhattheFrenchpeopleexpect;itiswhatourhistorydeserves.Itisourdeepdestiny.WewillrebuildNotreDamesoitisevenmorebeautifulthanbefore.Iwantitdoneinthenextfiveyears.Wecandoit.Afterthetimeoftestingcomesatimeofreflectionandthenofaction."[F]Thefire,whichhadstartedatthebaseofthe93-metrespire(尖塔)atabout6:40pmonMonday,spreadthroughthecathedral'sroof,madeupofhundredsofoakbeams,somedatingbacktothe13thcentury.Thesebeams,knownaslaforet(theforest)becauseoftheirdensity,formedthecross-shapedroofthatranthelengthofthecentralpartofthecathedral.AshundredsoftouristsandParisiansstoodandwatchedtheflamesleapingfromtheroof,therewasshockandtearsasthecathedralspirecaughtfire,burnedandthencollapsedintoitself.[G]Acollectionofdramaticvideosandphotosquicklyspreadacrosssocialmedia,showingthehorrifyingdestruction,andattractingemotionalresponsesfrompeopleallovertheworld.Indeed,withinminutesthefireoccupiedheadlinesofeverymajorglobalnewspaperandtelevisionnetwork.ThisisnotsurprisinggivenNotreDameCathedral,meaning"OurLady",isoneofthemostrecognisedsymbolsofthecityofParisattractingmillionsoftouristseveryyear.[H]Whiletheworldlookedon,the500firefightersatthescenethenbattledtopreventtheflamesfromreachingthetwomaintowers,wherethecathedralbellshang.Ifthewoodenframeofthetowershadcaughtfire,itcouldhavesentthebells—thelargestofwhich,theEmmanuelBell,weighs13tons—crashingdown,potentiallycausingthecollapseofbothtowers.Policeandfireserviceswillspendthenext48hoursassessingthe"securityandsafety"ofthe850-year-oldstructure.Nunezsaid:"Wehaveidentifiedvulnerabilitiesthroughoutthestructure,allofwhichstillneedsecuring."Asaresult,residentsoffivebuildingsaroundthenorthernsideofthecathedralwerebeingtemporarilyevacuated,headded.Architectshaveidentifiedthreemainholesinthestructure,inthelocationsofthespire,themainhallandtheupperroomstothenorthofthecentralaisle.Mostofthewoodenroofbeamshavebeenburned,andpartsoftheconcreteholdinguptheroofhavecollapsed.[I]Theinteriorminister,ChristopheCastaner,visitedthecathedralonTuesdayafternoontoseetheextentofthedevastation.Ashcoveredthemarblediamond-patternedfloorandfloatedinlargepoolsofgreywaterfromthefirehoses.Behindaheapofblackenedoakbeamsthatlaypiledupwheretheyhadfallen,daylightfromvastholesinthecathedralrooflitagoldencrossoverastatuebyNicolasCoustou,whichappearedtohaveescapeddamage.Preliminaryinspectionsalsosuggestedthethreeornate(装饰华丽的)stainedglass"rose"windowsappearedtohavesurvivedthefire,officialssaid.However,fireofficershavesaidacompleteinventoryofthedamagewillnotbepossibleuntilthecathedralstructurehasbeendeemedsafe.[J]Thecultureminister,FranckRiester,saidreligiousrelicssavedfromthecathedralwerebeingsecurelyheldattheHoteldeVille,andworksofartthatsustainedsmokedamagewerebeingtakentotheLouvre,theworld'slargestartmuseum,wheretheywouldbedriedout,repairedandstored.Sixteencopperstatuesthatdecoratedthespirehadbeenremovedforrestorationonlyafewdaysbeforethefire.Relicsatthetopofthespirearebelievedlostasthespirewasdestroyed.Aswellasdamagefromtheheat,whichfirefighterssaidreachedmorethan800°C,expertsalsoneedtoassessdamagefromthevastquantitiesofwaterfirefighterspouredintothecathedral.OnecasualtyofthiswasTheGreatOrganconstructedinthe1730s,whichwassaidtohaveescapedtheflamesbutbeensignificantlydamagedbywater.[K]FrenchpoliticalcommentatorsnotedthedevastatingfirehadsucceededwhereMacronhadfailedinunitingthecountry.Butcriticismovertheoriginalstateofthebuildingislikelytointensifyovercomingdays.LeniaudtoldLaCroixnewspaper:"Thisisnotaboutlookingforpeopletoblame.Theresponsibilityiscollectivebecausethisisthemostlovedmonumentinthecountry."AlexandreGady,anarthistorian,agreed."We'vebeensayingforyearsthatthebudgetformaintaininghistoricmonumentsistoolow,"Gadysaid.TheParisprosecutor'sofficehasopenedaninquiryinto"involuntarydestructionbyfire",indicatingtheybelievethecauseoftheblazewasaccidentalratherthancriminal.11、ThetotalamountofdamagetoNotreDameCathedralcanbeassessedonlywhenitsstructureisconsideredsafe.标准答案：I知识点解析：题干：巴黎圣母院的全部损失只有在其主体结构被认定是安全的情况下才能评估。先看题干出现的第一个关键词ThetotalamountofdamagetoNotreDameCathedral，返回文中查找与这一关键词相同或表意相近的词汇；浏览全文，发现I段最后一句出现acompleteinventoryofthedamage，能够和题干的第一个关键词对应；再看题干的第二、三个关键词callbeassessed和onlywhenitsstructureisconsideredsafe，发现I段最后一句指出“然而，消防官员说需要等确认巴黎圣母院的主体结构安全后，才能彻底清点毁坏的物品(acompleteinventoryofthedamagewillnotbepossibleuntilthecathedralstructurehasbeendeemedsafe)”，能够和题干的三个关键词对应，题干是对I段最后一句的同义替换。故本题选I。12、OnceagainpeoplebegantoarguewhetherNotreDameCathedralwasgoingtocollapseevenwithoutthefire.标准答案：C知识点解析：题干：人们再次开始争论，即使没有火灾，巴黎圣母院是否会倒塌。先看题干出现的第一个关键词peoplebegantoargue，返回文中查找与这一关键词相同或表意相近的词汇；浏览全文，发现C段第二句出现accusations，能够和题干的第一个关键词对应；再看题干的第二、三个关键词whetherNotreDameCathedralwasgoingtocollapse和evenwithoutthefire，发现C段第二句指出“但是当应急服务机构人员在火灾现场试图搜寻一些残留的物品时，一场争论再次浮出水面，有人指出，这座在维克多.雨果小说中深受人们喜爱且永垂不朽的大教堂在火灾发生前就已经摇摇欲坠了(accusationsthatthebelovedcathedral,immortalisedinVictorHugo’snovel,wasalreadycrumblingbeforethefire)，能够和题干的三个关键词对应，题干是对C段第二句的同义替换。故本题选C。13、TheNotreDameCathedralcatastrophewassaidtohavehelpedunitetheFrenchnation.标准答案：K知识点解析：题干：巴黎圣母院的火灾事故被认为有助于法国人民的团结。先看题干出现的第一个关键词theNotreDameCathedralcatastrophe，返回文中查找与这一关键词相同或表意相近的词汇；浏览全文，发现K段第一句出现thedevastatingfire，能够与题干的第一个关键词对应；再看题干的第二个关键词havehelpedunitetheFrenchnation，发现K段第一句出现“法国政治评论员指出，这场毁灭性的火灾做到了马克龙未能做到的事——让全法国人民团结起来(hadsucceededwhereMacronhadfailedinunitingthecountry)”，能够和题干的两个关键词对应，题干是对K段第一句的同义替换。故本题选K。14、TheroofofNotreDameCathedralwasbuiltwithlargenumbersofdenselylaid-outwoodbeams.标准答案：F知识点解析：题干：巴黎圣母院的屋顶是由大量紧密排列的木屋梁构成的。先看题干出现的第一个关键词TheroofofNotreDameCathedral，返回文中查找与这一关键词相同或表意相近的词汇；浏览全文，发现F段第一句出现thecathedral’sroof，能够与题干的第一个关键词对应；再看题干的第二、三个关键词wasbuiltwith和largenumbersofdenselylaid-outwoodbeams，发现F段第一句指出“周一下午6点40分左右，大火从93米高的尖塔底部开始，蔓延到大教堂的屋顶，这个屋顶由数百根橡木梁(hundredsofoakbeams)构成(madeupof)，其中有些橡木梁的历史可追溯到13世纪”，能够和题干的三个关键词对应，题干是对F段第一句的同义替换。故本题选F。15、RenovationworkersofNotreDameCathedralwerequestionedtofindoutthecauseoftheaccident.标准答案：B知识点解析：题干：巴黎圣母院大教堂的装修工人受到了调查，以查明事故原因。先看题干出现的第一个关键词RenovationworkersofNotreDameCathedral，返回文中查找与这一关键词相同或表意相近的词汇；浏览全文，发现B段第一句出现workersinvolvedintherestorationofthemonument，能够和第一个关键词对应；再看题干的其他关键词werequestioned和tofindoutthecauseoftheaccident，发现B段第一句指出“在警方调查人员为查实这场极具破坏性的火灾发生的原因(establishthecauseofthedevastatingblaze)而询问(questioned)参与巴黎圣母院修复工作的工人时，法国差点失去其最负盛名的巴黎圣母院的消息被公之于众”，能够和题干的三个关键词对应，题干是对B段第一句的同义替换。故本题选B。16、Hadthebelltowers’woodenframesburneddown,theheavybellswouldhavecrasheddown.标准答案：H知识点解析：题干：如果钟楼的木质结构烧毁了，沉重的钟将会掉落。先看题干出现的第一个关键词thebelltowers’woodenflamesburneddown，返回文中查找与这一关键词相同或表意相近的词汇；浏览全文，发现H段第一句中出现twomaintowers，wherethecathedralbellshang，第二句中出现thewoodenframeofthetowershadcaughtfire，能够和题干的第一个关键词对应；再看题干的第二个关键词theheavybellswouldhavecrasheddown，发现H段第二句指出“如果塔楼的木质结构着火，悬挂在上面的钟就会掉落(itcouldhavesentthebells…crashingdown)，其中‘艾玛纽埃尔’是圣母院最大的钟，重达13吨。它的掉落可能会导致两座塔楼坍塌”，能够和题干的两个关键词对应，题干是对H段的概括总结。故本题选H。17、ThetimelyactionofthefirefighterspreventedthefirefromreachingtheCathedral’sbelltowers.标准答案：A知识点解析：题干：消防队员们及时采取行动，阻止了大火蔓延到巴黎圣母院的钟楼。先看题干出现的第一个关键词firefighters，返回文中查找与这一关键词相同或表意相近的词汇；浏览全文，发现A段第一句、D段第四句、H段第一句、J段第四句均出现firefighters，无法筛选段落；再看题干的其他关键词Thetimelyaction、preventedthefire和reachingtheCathedral’sbelltowers，发现A段第一句“法国政府表示，周一晚上，当消防队员们在奋力阻止火焰烧到钟楼时(battledtostopflamesreachingitsbelltowers)，位于巴黎市中心的巴黎圣母院离完全坍塌只有‘15分钟’了”和第二句“巴黎消防队员避免了一场更大的灾难的发生(Agreaterdisasterwasaverted)”能够和题干的四个关键词对应，题干是对A段的概括总结。故本题选A。18、Apartfromthefire,thewaterusedtoextinguishitalsocausedalotofdamagetoNotreDameCathedral.标准答案：J知识点解析：题干：除了大火，用于灭火的水也对巴黎圣母院造成了严重破坏。先看题干出现的第一个关键词Apartfromthefire，返回文中查找与这一关键词相同或表意相近的词汇；浏览全文，发现J段第四句出现Aswellasdamagefromtheheat，能够与第一个关键词对应；再看题干的第二、三个关键词thewaterusedtoextinguishit和causedalotofdamagetoNotreDameCathedral，发现J段第四句指出“除了火灾带来的高温伤害(Aswellasdamagefromtheheat)，因为消防队员说温度曾一度超过800摄氏度，专家还需要评估消防队员们为了灭火向巴黎圣母院喷射的大量水所造成的伤害(damagefromthevastquantitiesofwaterfirefighterspouredintothecathedral)”，能够和题干的三个关键词对应，题干是对J段第四句的同义替换。故本题选J。19、TherehasbeenargumentovertheyearsastowhoshouldpayfortherestorationofNotreDameCathedral.标准答案：D知识点解析：题干：关于应该由谁来出资修复巴黎圣母院的争议已存在数年之久。先看题干出现的第一个关键词Therehasbeenargument，返回文中查找与这一关键词相同或表意相近的词汇；浏览全文，发现D段第一句出现dispute，能够和题干的第一个关键词对应；再看题干的第二、三个关键词overtheyears和whoshouldpayfortherestorationofNotreDameCathedral，发现D段第一句指出“隶属于法国政府的巴黎圣母院一直是一场持续多年的争论(ayears—longdispute)的焦点，该争议包括应该由谁来出资修复倒塌的楼梯、坍塌的雕像和裂开的墙壁(whoshouldfinancerestorationwork)”，能够和题干的三个关键词对应，题干是对与D段第一句的同义替换。故本题选D。20、NewsoftheNotreDameCathedralcatastropheinstantlycaughtmediaattentionthroughouttheworld.标准答案：G知识点解析：题干：巴黎圣母院火灾事故的消.g-迅速引起了世界各地媒体的关注。先看题干出现的第一个关键词NewsoftheNotreDameCathedralcatastrophe，返回文中查找与这一关键词相同或表意相近的词汇；浏览全文，发现G段第一句出现Acollectionofdramaticvideosandphotosquicklyspreadacrosssocialmedia，能够与题干的第一个关键词对应；再看题干的第二个关键词instantlycaughtmediaattentionthroughouttheworld，发现G段第二句出现“实际上，几分钟之内这场火灾已经占据了全世界各主流报纸和电视网络的头条(occupiedheadlinesofeverymajorglobalnewspaperandtelevisionnetwork)”，能够和题干的两个关键词对应，题干是对G段第一、二句的概括总结。故本题选G。三、仔细阅读(本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10分。)It'sbeendubbedtheGreatResignation:Nearly20millionAmericanslefttheirjobsin2021,andthetrendisspreadingtoWesternEurope,Asia,andbeyond.Yetevenasemployersscrambletofillopenpositions,millionsofcapablecandidatesstrugglemerelytobeconsidered.Whysuchadisconnect—andhowcancompaniesbridgeit?AstudybyHarvardBusinessSchool(HBS)andAccenturefindsamajorreasonforthegap:thenear-ubiquitoususeofautomatedhiringplatforms,whichsystematicallyscreenoutlargenumbersofjobseekerswhomightwellfitthebill.Applicantswithunconventionalbackgrounds—suchascaregivers,veterans,immigrantsandpeoplewithphysicalandmentalchallenges—areespeciallypronetobeing"hidden"fromprospectiveemployersbytheplatforms.Thereportestimatesthattherearemorethan27millionhiddenworkersintheUnitedStatesalone.Somemaybeunderemployedorworkingonaverypart-timebasis,whileothershavebeenlockedoutofthelabormarketaltogether.Manyofthoseexcludedcouldbehighlyproductiveworkers,theresearchersargue,includinginmiddle-andhigh-skilledpositions.Analgorithmmightweedoutanyonelackingacollegedegree,havingagapinemployment,ordeficientinjustoneofseveralveryspecificskills—but"noneofthoseareparticularlygoodindicatorsformeasuringaptitude,workethic,andself-efficacy,"saysHBS'sManjariRaman,acoauthorofthestudy.Sheaddsthat"credentialinflation"exacerbatestheproblem,asfirmspileonrequirementsovertime.Thehiddenworkerssheandhercolleaguessurveyedhadappliedtoanaverageof25jobseachinthepreviousfiveyears,oftenwithoutasingleresponse.Today'stightlabormarketgivesemployersaonce-in-a-generationchancetorethinktheirrecruitingstrategies,anothercoauthorJosephB.Fullersays.Companiesshouldscrapshort-termmeasuresofhiringsuccess,suchascostandtimetofillvacancies,infavoroflonger-termones,suchashowlongittakesnewemployeestogetuptospeed,howlongtheystay,andtheirratesofpromotion.Inaddition,employersshouldrewritejobdescriptions,beingespeciallycautiousabouteliminatingirrelevantskillsandonesthatcanbetaughtonthejobandensurethatcandidatesarescreenedandrankedaccordingtothenewcriteria."Thepracticesthathelppavethewayforre-entryforhiddenworkersareneitherextremelyexpensivenorextraordinary,"theresearchersconclude."Theyarecommonsensepracticesthathelpattractanyworker."Byimprovingpractices,companiesarebetterabletoattractalltypesoftalentquicklyandintelligently.21、Whatcanwelearnaboutthejobseekersfromparagraph1?A、Theyhavealwaysaimedhigh.B、Theylackbasicskillsandexperience.C、Theycan’tfindopenpositions.D、Theyarehavingahardtimefindingjobs.标准答案：D知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词jobseekers和paragraphl定位至第一段第二句，其中jobseekers对应millionsof…candidates。由第二句中的millionsofcapablecandidatesstrugglemerelytobeconsidered(数百万有能力的求职者仍在努力争取，只希望能被考虑)可推知，众多求职者找工作难。D项“他们找工作存在困难”是对第二句中strugglemerelytobeconsidered的适度推断。故本题选D。A项“他们一直目标高远”和B项“他们缺少基本的技能和经验”均属于无中生有。C项“他们找不到空缺职位”将第一段第二句中的“雇主争先恐后地填补空缺职位”改写为“众多求职者找不到空缺职位”，属于偷换概念。22、Whatdoesthestudyfindabouttheautomatedhiringplatformsaccordingtoparagraph2?A、Theyhaveboostedtheefficiencyofhiringmanagers.B、Theyhavehiddensomeapplicantsfrompotentialemployers.C、Theysetnostandardsforjobseekers’background.D、Theycanselectthemostsuitablecandidates.标准答案：B知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词thestudy，automatedhiringplatforms，paragraph2定位至第二段第一、二句，第二句中的theplatforms指代automatedhiringplatforms，第二句指出.Applicantswithunconventionalbackgrounds…areespeciallypronetobeing“hidden”fromprospectiveemployers(具有非常规背景的求职者——如护理人员、退伍军人、外来移民和有身心障碍的人——特别容易被平台“隐藏”，无法被潜在雇主看到)，B项“它们将一些求职者隐藏起来不被潜在雇主看到”是对第二句的同义替换。故本题选B。A项“它们提高了招聘经理的效率”属于无中生有。C项“它们未对求职者的背景设定标准”与第二段第二句所体现的事实“具有非常规背景的求职者特别容易被平台‘隐藏”’相悖，属于正反混淆。D项“它们能够筛选出最适合的求职者”与原文表述不符。23、WhatwouldManjariRamanmostlikelyagree?A、Thehiddenworkersshouldimprovethemselves.B、Acollegedegreeisthetickettoadecentjob.C、High-skilledworkersareinurgentdemand.D、Algorithmscannotproperlyevaluatecandidates.标准答案：D知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词ManjariRamun定位至第三段第二句。该句指出Analgorithmmightweedout…saysHBS’sManjariRaman,acoauthorofthestudy(该研究的合著者、哈佛大学商学院的曼加里.拉曼说，算法可能会剔除那些没有大学学位、有就业空档期或者在几个非常具体的技能中只是缺少某个技能的人，但“这些都不是衡量能力、职业道德和自我效能感的恰当指标”)。由此可推知，曼加里.拉曼可能认为算法无法正确评估求职者。题干和D项“算法无法正确评估求职者”是对第二句的适度推断。故本题选D。A项“被隐藏的工人应当提升自己”、B项“大学学位能带来一份体面的工作”和C项“社会急需高级技工”均属于无中生有。24、Whatdoestheauthoradviseemployerstodoaccordingtoparagraph4?A、Theyshouldworkoutnewshort-termhiringstrategies.B、Theyshouldfillthejobvacancieswiththeunderemployed.C、Theyshouldmodifyrecruitmentcriteriaforbetterscreening.D、Theyshouldputmoreemphasisoncuttingthecostofhiring.标准答案：C知识点解析：细节题。根据题干关键词employers，paragraph4定位至第四段第三句。该句指出Inaddition，employersshouldrewrite…tothenewcriteria(此外，雇主应该重写职位描述，尤其要谨慎地剔除不相关的技能和可以在工作中学习的技能，并确保根据新标准对候选人进行筛选和排名)，由此可知，雇主应修改招聘标准以便更好地筛选候选人。C项“他们应该修改招聘标准以便更好地进行筛选”是对第四段第三句的概括总结。故本题选C。A项“他们应该制定新的短期招聘策略”与第四段第二句中的“公司应该放弃衡量招聘成功与否的短期标准……而采用更长期的标准”表述相反，属于正反混淆。B项“他们应该聘用未充分就业者以填补职位空缺”和D项“他们应该更加重视削减招聘成本”均属于无中生有。25、Whatdoestheauthormainlydiscussinthepassage?A、Equipyourselfwithmoreskillsinthedigitalage.B、Discoverthetalentshiddenbythehiringalgorithms.C、Thinktwicebeforeyouresignyourposition.D、Restoreofflinerecruitmentassoonaspossible.标准答案：B知识点解析：主旨题。根据题干关键词mainlydiscuss.mthepassage定位到全文。本文第一段指出问题，即招聘和求职之间存在脱节；第二段指出脱节的原因，即自动化招聘平台隐藏了大量可能符合要求的求职者；第三段分析自动化招聘算法存在的问题；第四段提出解决措施；第五段指出解决方法并不难做到，改善招聘方式能吸引各类人才。综上所述，本文分析了自动化招聘平台带来的不利影响，呼吁公司采取措施调整招聘策略，发掘被招聘算法隐藏的人才。B项“发掘被招聘算法隐藏的人才”是对文章内容的概括总结。故本题选B。A项“在数字时代让自己掌握更多技能”、C项“离职前请三思”和D项“尽快恢复线下招聘”均属于无中生有。Therearegenerationaldifferencesinattitudeswhenitcomestoworkingfromhome.ForolderMillennialswhoare10or15yearsintotheircareers,withkidsandahouseanhourawayfromtheoffice,losingthecommutemaybeahugerelief,andcompaniesthatofferthemthatarrangementareinhotdemand.Thesamegoesperhapsfortheboomerswhoareapproachingretirementandwanttodotheirworkwithouthavingtodealwithofficepolitics.Youngerworkers,though,aremorelikelytowantmentoringandthechancetohangoutwiththeirpeers,sojobsthatdoofferthatoptionmayseemlessattractive.AstudyreleasedbyMicrosoftinMarchbearsouttheideathatworkingfromhomeismoredifficultforGenerationZ(thosebornsince1997)thanforothergenerations.Aftersurveying31,000workers,thecompanyfoundthatalthoughGenZworkerswereslightlymorelikelytoapplyforajobwithsomeremoteoptions,ratherthanonethatwascompletelyoffice-based,asagrouptheyhadmanymisgivingsaboutworkingfromhome.Manyweremorestressedthanolderpeersandsaidtheyfeltisolatedworkingalone.Theyoftenlackedthespaceormoneytocreategoodworkspacesforremotework.Asagroup,theyhaddifficultyfeelingengagedorexcitedaboutworkandfounditdifficulttogetinawordduringmeetingsorbringnewideastothetable.Thatyoungerworkersfeelmoreburntoutanddisengagedaboutworkthantheiroldercolleaguesdoesnotbodewellforthepostpandemicworkforce.Attheveryleast,itsuggestscompaniesneedtobepro-activeinputtinginplacepoliciesthatallowworkerstonetworkcontinually,evenifvirtually,andmeetinpersonfromtimetotime.Organizationsthatcannotfigureouthowtoengageworkersriskhavingapoolofyoungemployeeswhoseproductivityislowerthanexpectedandwhoperhapswillcarrynegativeattitudeswiththemastheyadvance.Theotherpossibility,ofcourse,isthatunhappyandisolatedyoungworkerswillleavecompaniesthatdonotofferthatin-personinteraction.Itisanissueinmanycountries,withBritain'sChancelloroftheExchequerrecentlywarningcompaniestherethatyoungpeoplewill"votewiththeirfeet"andquitthoseorganizationsthatdonotofferthemthechancetoworkalongsidemoreexperiencedcolleagues.Andit'sanissuethatwillbecomeincreasinglyimportantastheeconomyheatsupafterthepandemic.Inall,balancinggenerationalneedshighlightswhatacrucialtimethisisfororganizationscraftinghuman-resourcesplansforthepostpandemicfuture.Thepandemichasdemonstratedthatworkcangetdoneinmanyways,butitwouldclearlybefoolhardytothinkthatarrangementspatchedtogetherduringatimeofcrisiscancontinuewithoutadjustmentsforever.26、Whoaremoreunlikelytowelcomeworkingfromhome?A、Youngerworkersinneedofmentoring.B、Youngerworkersafraidofofficepolitics.C、Olderworkerswithchild-careresponsibility.D、Olderworkersapproachingretirement.标准答案：A知识点解析：细节题