暑假作业08阅读理解（原卷版）

完成时间：月日天气：作业08阅读理解一、为什么要扩充词汇量词汇是语言的基本单位，没有词汇，就没有理解，更谈不上意义的表达。当然，这里的词汇不仅仅是指一个单词，它包括单词和由单词组成的固定短语、习惯用语、谚语、俗语、流行用语等，但有时一些词汇的意思在不同的语境中意思迥异。因此，生词的含义只有在阅读中，即上下文语境中才能完全展现出来，并易于被识记、理解和掌握。换句话说，是上下文给某个词以特定含义，而这个特定含义有时是词典无法提供的。多读是扩大词汇量的好方法，不仅要读不同体裁的文章，而且要多读不同题材的文章，才能有效扩大词汇量，让备考更高效。怎样扩充词汇量(一)利用词缀法记单词 (二)利用词根记单词(三)利用逆序归类记单词 (四)利用一词多用记单词(五)利用熟词僻义记单词 (六)利用易错比较记单词(七)“4角度”区分完形填空易错词汇1．比较形近词和义近词，如：live;living;alive;lively。2．比对高频易混短语的意义，如carryout;carryon等。(八)利用语境记忆词汇 (九)通过阅读记忆词汇(十)积极应用加强记忆做到“词不离句，句不离文”。这样，我们在不知不觉中就能巩固自己的词汇。做到“词不离句，句不离文”。这样，我们在不知不觉中就能巩固自己的词汇一江苏昆山发生爆炸事故题材体裁难度词汇建议用时实际用时正确率新闻热点记叙文★★★★1776分钟AnexplosionfromafactoryinKunshankilledatleast69peopleandmorethan120peoplegothurt.ChinasuffereditsworstindustrialaccidentinayearonSaturday.TheaccidenthappenedinKunshancity,JiangsuProvinceinChina.AndtheblastwasfromZhongrongMetalProductspany,whomakescarwheelsfortheU.S.TheKunshangovernmenttoldus264workersweretherewhentheexplosionhappenedand44diedimmediately.“Weheardareallyloudblastatabout7a.m.thismorningsowerushedoutofourrooms,”saidZhouXu,a26yearoldworkeratthatpany.Anotherworkersaid,“Firsttheambulancecameandthenmanywivesrushedtothefactorytoseeiftheirhusbandswereokay.”Now,ShanghaigovernmentissendingdoctorstoKunshantosavetheinjured.Andthedoctorsaidthenumberofthedeadmayincrease.Chinesegovernmentislookingintothecauseofthedisaster.AndPresidentXiattachesgreatimportancetoit.Hesaid,“Thosefoundresponsiblemustbepunished”.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。()1.Howmanypeoplediedintheindustrialaccident?A.69. B.120. C.189. D.Morethan69.()2.Wheredidthisaccidenthappen?A.KunshangcityinHunanprovince. B.KunshangcityinJiangsuprovince.C.ShanghaicityinChina.D.KunshanginShanghaicity.()3.WhoisZhonXu?A.TheleaderinZhongrongMetalProductspany.B.AworkerinZhongrongMetalProductspany.C.SomeoneworksforKungshanggovernment.D.Thewifeofoneoftheinjured.()4.Whathappenedwhentheaccidenthappen?A.Workersrushedoutoftheirrooms。B.Ambulancecame.C.Wivesrushedtothefactorytomakesurethesafetyoftheirhusband。D.Alloftheabove.()5.Wecanknowfromthedoctorthat________.A.therewillbemoredeadsB.therewillbelessdeadsC.manyinjuredcanbesavedD.doctorscan’tdoanythingfortheinjured二美国接其伊波拉病毒患者回国治疗题材体裁难度词汇建议用时实际用时正确率新闻热点记叙文★★★★2106分钟 Peoplewillhaveasenseoffearwhentheyhearabout“Ebolavirus”.Ebolavirusisakindofhorribledisease.Itmaycausedeath,andwhat’sworse?Itishighlyinfectious.Ifapersonhasthisvirus,heorshewillpassittoothersaroundthem.Sofar,therehasnotbeenanyeffectivetreatmenttokillthisvirus.Theonlywaytoavoiditistoisolatethepatientsfromthepublic. Hereisapieceofsurprisingnewsthatcanfortbothpatientsandthepublic.ThereisanAmericandoctorcalledKentBrantly,infectedwiththeEbolavirus.HeisoneofthetwoseriouslyillAmericans.HeissupposedtobeisolatedinWestAfricawherehecaughtEbolavirus.Butnow,aidsofficialssayaplaneistakingDr.KenttotheU.S.HewillreceivetreatmentsinAtlanta'sEmoryUniversityHospital.Andlater,thesecondpatientwillalsobethere. ItwillbethefirsttimethatAmericanbringanyoneinfectedwiththatdiseasebackintothecountry.AndU.S.officialsarefullofconfidence.Theyaresurethatthepatientscanbetreatedandthepublicwillnotworrysomuchaboutthatviruslikebefore.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。()1.Howdopeoplefeelwhentheyhearabout“Ebolavirus”? A.Happy. B.Afraid. C.Surprised. D.Excited.()2.WhatdoestheunderlinesentenceinParagraph2mean? A.Itisverysafe. B.Itcanbecuredeasily. C.Itcanbepassedaroundeasilytoothers. D.Itishardtobecured.()3.WhyisEbolavirushorrible?A.Becauseittakespeoplelotsofmoney.B.Becausepeoplewillneverbehealthyagainiftheycatchthisvirus.C.Becauseitcanmakepeopledieandthisviruscanbespreadeasily.D.Becauseanyonewiththisviruswilldie.()4.WhoisKentBrantly? A.HeisanAmericandoctorinfectedwithEbolavirus. B.HeisanAfricandoctorinfectedwithEbolavirus. C.HeisanAmericandoctorlookingfortreatmentsofEbolavirus. D.Heisanaidsofficial.()5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout? A.Ebolavirusishorrible. B.ManypeoplearesufferingEbolavirus. C.PeopleareafraidofEbolavirus. D.TheU.S.isbringingitsEbolaviruspatientsbacktothecountrytoreceivetreatments.三云南发生6.3级地震题材体裁难度词汇建议用时实际用时正确率新闻记叙文★★★★2206分钟AstrongearthquakeinthemountainsofsouthwestChinaonSundaydestroyed12,000houses,buriedroadsandkilledatleast367people.Themagnitude6.1quakehappenedat4:30p.montheborderbetweenYunnanandSichuanprovinces.MaLiya,alocal,saidthestreetslookedlikea“battlefieldafterbombardment”aftertheearthquake.Peoplerushedout,housesweredestroyed,androads,electricityandmunicationswereallcutoff.Governmentsattachgreatimportancetothisdisaster.Theyaresparingnoefforttohelpthepeoplethere.Morethan2,500armieshavebeensenttothearea.TheRedCrossSocietyofChinahaveprovidedmanyquilts,jacketsandtentsforthosepeoplewhoweremadehomelessbythequake.WhileRedCrossbranchesinHongKong,MacauandneighboringSichuanprovincehavealsosentlotsofusefulthingsthere.Rescueteamsarethere.“Therearecountlesspeoplewaitingtoberescuedandrescueteamswereclearingtheroadswiththeirhands"saidMaoLihui,avolunteerononeoftherescueteams.TheWhiteHouseisalsoreadytohelp.ChinesestatebroadcasterCCTVsaiditwasthestrongestquakefor14yearsinthere.In1970,amagnitude7.7quakeinYunnankilledatleast15,000people.AquakeinSichuanin2008killedalmost70,000people.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。()1.Wheredidtheearthquakehappen?A.InthemountainsofnorthwestChina.B.OntheborderbetweenYunnanandSichuanprovinces.C.InLijiang,YunnanProvince.D.InWengchuan,SichuanProvince.()2.WhatdidMaLiyasuggestwhenshesaidthestreetslookedlikea"battlefieldafterbombardment?A.Therewasawarinthestreet.B.Thestreetwasveryquiet.C.Thestreetwasinahorridmess.D.Thereweresomanypeopleinthestreet.()3.Whatdidn’tpeopledoaftertheearthquake?A.Governmentsentarmiesthere.B.TheRedCrosstooklotsofthingsthere.C.WhileRedCrossbranchesinHongKong,MacauandneighboringSichuanprovinceofferedmanythings.D.TheWhiteHousewasthereforhelp.()4.Accordingtothepassage,thereisn’tanyearthquakeinChinain_________.A.1970 B.1990 C.2008 D.2014()5.Whichisthethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Astrong

earthquakehitChina’sYunnanProvinceB.China’sstrongestearthquakeC.ThestrongestearthquakeintheworldD.PeopleweremadehomelessbyaearthquakeinChina四孙梅艳培训将去沙特阿拉伯工作的护士题材体裁难度词汇建议用时实际用时正确率人物记叙文★★★2465分钟Livinginaforeigncountryisnotsoeasy,especiallyforthoseworkingoversea.Peoplemaymeetmanydifficultiesasthingsinanothercountryarequitedifferentfromthoseintheirowncountries.Theymayhavemoneyproblem,cultureproblem,transportationproblem,foodproblem,andlanguageproblemsandsoon. SunMeiyanisa33yearoldChinesenurse.ShemajoredinforeignnursingcareandshetookathreemonthlanguagecourseattheWeihaitrainingcenter.Thensheworkedinanoverseashospital,theAlmanaGeneralHospital.Withthisworkingexperience,wheninterviewersfromSaudiGermanHospitalcametoWeihaitohirenurses,theychoseSunwithouthesitation.Shewentthereandworkedasanurseforsevenyears.NowsheistrainingChinesenurseswhowanttoworkinSaudiArabiaattheShandongInternationalNurseTrainingCenterinWeihai,Shandongprovince. Suesharesknowledgeonlocallawsandculturewithherstudents."ThankstothesevenyearworkingexperienceinSaudiArabia,Iunderstandthecountry'slaws,cultureandlifestyleverywell,"Sunsaid.Ontheotherhand,aslanguageisthebiggestobstacletoforeignemployment,Sunalwaystellsherstudentstopaymoreattentiontolanguage.ShetellsthemthatbesidesEnglish,nurseswhowanttoworkinSaudiArabianeedtolearnsomeArabic.What’smore?InSaudiArabia,anurse'simageisasimportantasherprofessionalskills,soSuninstructsherstudentstowashandirontheiruniformeveryday.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。()1.HowmanydifficultiesdoesthewritermentioninParagraph2?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.()2.TherightorderofSun’sworkis___________.① workasanurseinAlmanaGeneralHospital② takeathreemonthlanguagetrainingcourse③ trainnurseswhowanttoworkinSaudiArabiainShandongprovince④ workinAlmanaGeneralHospitalA.②④①③ B.①③②④ C.②①④③ D.④③①②()3.What’sthemainideaofthelastparagraph?Workingoverseaisgood. B.Don’tworkoversea.C.SueistrainingthenurseswhowanttoworkinSaudiArabia.D.SuethinksiteasytoworkinSaudiArabia.()4.WhatlanguagesshouldthenurseslearninordertoworkinSaudiArabia?A.EnglishandFrench. B.FrenchandArabic.C.GermanyandArabic. D.EnglishandArabic.()5.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?A.Sunmajoredinforeignnursingcare.B.SunworkedinSaudiArabiaforsevenyears.C.Culturedifferenceisthebiggestproblemtoforeignemployment.D.NurseimageisasimportantastheirprofessionalskillsinSaudiArabia.五世界男女人口比例失衡题材体裁难度词汇建议用时实际用时正确率文化说明文★★★2425分钟 Boysorgirls?Thatistoday’ssensitiveandhottopicallovertheworld. AccordingtoChina’scensus,118babyboyswerebornforevery100girlsin2010.Becauseofthisratio,manymeninChinawillfailtomarryawife.ThisserioussocialproblemisduetoChinesetraditionalopiniontowardsboysandgirls. Chinesefavorboysmuchmorethangirls.Theythinkthatmancandomorehardlaboroutsideandtheyareabletoearnmoremoney,whilewomenaresupposedtostayathome,doinghousework.Theotherreasonisthatboyscarryonthefamilynamewhentheygetmarried,whilegirlsdonotcarryonthebloodlinewhichisofgreatimportancetoChinesefamily.So,inthecountryside,manybabygirlsarekilledbeforetheyaregivenbirth. ThesameissueisalsogettingpopularinAmerica.Iftheywereonlyallowedtohaveonechild,moreAmericanswouldpreferitbeaboyratherthanagirl,anewsurveyfinds.TheGalluppollingagencytellusinthesurvey,fortypercentsaidtheywouldpickaboy,28percentsaidtheywouldwantagirl,andtherestdidn'tcarethebaby’sgenderortheywerenotsure. There’snowaytoknowhowmanysexselectiveabortionarethereintheworldeveryyear.Allweknowisthatwearelosingthegenderbalanceandsomemeasuresshouldbetaken.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。()1.AccordingtoChina'scensus_______________________.A.in2010,thenumberofbabyboysisthesamewiththatofbabygirlsB.in2010,therearemorebabyboysthanbabygirlsC.in2010,therearelessbabyboysthanbabygirlsD.in2010,therearemorebabygirlsthanbabyboys()2.WhydoChineselikeboysmuchmorethangirls?A.Becausemencandomorelaboroutside.B.Becausemencanearnmoremoney.C.Becausemencancarrythefamilyname.D.Alloftheabove.()3.AccordingtoParagraph4,whatdoesGalluppollingagencyimply?A.Americansdon’tcarebaby’ssex.B.PeopleinChinalikebabyboysbetter.C.PeopleinAmericanlikebabyboysbetter.D.Peopleintheworldlikebabyboysbetter.()4.Inthesurvey,howmanypeopledon’tcarethebaby’sgenderorarenotsure?A.28%. B.40%. C.Morethan50%. D.32%.()5.What’stheauthor’sattitudeaboutsexselectiveabortion?A.Don’tagree. B.Support. C.Remainneutral. D.Wedon’tknow.一（2023·江苏·无锡外国语学校一模）In2018,Sciencemagazineaskedsomeyoungscientistswhatschoolsshouldteachstudents.Mostsaidstudentsshouldspendlesstimerememberingfactsandhavemorespaceforcreativeactivities.AstheInternetgrowsmorepowerful,studentscangetknowledgeeasily.Whyshouldtheyberequiredtocarrysomuchofitaroundintheirheads?Civilizations(文明)developthroughforgettinglifeskillsthatwereoncenecessary.IntheAgriculturalAge,afarmercouldaffordtoforgethuntingskills.Whensocietiesindustrialized,theknowledgeoffarmingcouldbesafetoforget.Nowadays,smartmachineshelpustogetmosthumanknowledge.Itseemsthatwenolongerneedtoremembermostthings.Doesitmatter?Researchershaverealizedseveralproblemsthatmayhappen.Forone,humanbeingshavebiases(偏见),andsmartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiases.Manypeoplebelievesmartmachinesarenecessarilycorrectandobjective(客观的),butmachinesaretrainedthrougharepeatedtestingandscoringprocess.Intheprocess,humanbeingsstilldecideonthecorrectanswers.Anotherproblemrelatestotheease(容易)ofgettinginformation.Whentherewerenoputers,effortswererequiredtogetknowledgefromotherpeople,orgotothelibrary.Weknowwhatknowledgeliesinotherbrainsorbooks,andwhatliesinourheads.Buttoday,theInternetgivesustheinformationweneedquickly.Thiscanleadtothemistakenbelief—theknowledgewefoundwaspartofwhatweknewallalong.Inanewcivilizationrichinmachineintelligence(智慧),wecaneasilygettosmartmemorynetworkswhereinformationisstored.Butdependencyonanetworksuggestspossibilitiesofbeingharmedeasily.Thecollapseofanyofthenetworksofrelationsourhealthdependsupon,suchasfoodandenergy,wouldproduceterribleresults.Withoutfoodwegethungry;withoutenergywefeelcold.Anditisthroughwidespreadlossofmemorythatcivilizationsareatriskoffallingintoadarkage.Weforgetoldwaystofreeuptimeandspacefornewskills.Aslongastheolderformsofknowledgearestoredsomewhereinournetworks,andcanbefoundwhenweneedthem,perhapsthey’renotreallyforgotten.Still,astimegoeson,weslowlybutunquestionablybeestrangerstofuturepeople.1．Smartmachinesarelikelytoincreaseourbiasesbecause________.A．theygooffcourseintestingandscoring B．wecontrolthetrainingprocessonthemC．weofferthemtoomuchinformation D．theyoverusetheprovidedanswers2．TheeaseofgettinginformationfromtheInternet________.A．freesusfrommakingeffortstolearnnewskills B．preventscivilizationsfrombeinglostatahighspeedC．misleadsusintothinkingwealreadyknewtheknowledge D．separatesthefactswehavefromthoseinthesmartmachines3．Accordingtothispassage,thefollowingaretrueexcept________.A．MostyoungscientistsrepliedtoSciencethatstudentsshouldhavemorecreativeactivities.B．Nowadays,withsmartmachines,peoplenolongerneedtoremembermostthings.C．Theuseofsmartmachinescausessomeproblemstopeople. D．Itisthroughwidespreadlossofmemorythatcivilizationsareatriskoffallingintoadarkage.4．Thewriter’smainpurposeinwritingthispassageisto________.A．questionaboutthestandardsofinformationstorage B．discussourproblemsofmunicationwithmachinesC．stresstheimportanceofimprovingourrememberingability D．remindusoftheriskofdependingonmachinestoremember二（2023·江苏·无锡外国语学校一模）AteamofUSpsychologist(心理学家)havefoundthattalkingtoanotherpersonfortenminutesadayhelpswithmemory.“Socializingisjustasusefulasmoretraditionalkindsofmental(脑力的)exercisesinboostingmemoryandintellectualperformance,”OscarYbarra,apsychologistattheUniversityofMichiganInstituteforSocialResearch,saidinastatement.Inoneinvestigation(调查),theyanalyzeddataon3610people,aged24to96.Theyfindthatthehighertheirlevelofsocialinteraction(交流),thebettertheircognitive(认知的)functioning.Socialinteractionincludesgettingtogetherorhavingphonechatswithrelatives,friendsandneighbors.Inanotherexperiment,theresearchersconductedlaboratorytestson76collegestudents,aged18to21,toevaluate(评估)howsocialinteractionsandmentalexercisesinfluencedtheresultsofmemoryandintellectualperformancetests.Thestudentsweredividedintothreegroups:thesocialinteractiongrouphadadiscussionofasocialissuefor10minutesbeforetakingthetests;thementalactivitiesgrouppletedthreetasks(includingareadingprehensionexerciseandacrosswordpuzzle)beforethetests;andacontrolgroupwatcheda10minutefilmoftheSeinfeldtelevisionshow.“Wefoundthatshorttermsocialinteractionlastingforjust10minutesimprovedthestudents’intellectualperformanceasmuchasworkingonsocalled‘mental’activitiesforthesameamountoftime,”Ybarrasaid.ThestudywasexpectedtobepublishedintheFebruaryissueofthejournalPersonalityandSocialPsychologyBulletin.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“boosting”inthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A．Improving. B．Reducing. C．Preventing. D．Training.2．Theresearchersconductedlaboratorytestson76collegestudentsto________.A．judgetheinfluenceofsocialinteractiononmemoryandintelligence B．findoutwhatisrealsocialinteractionC．learnhowmuchtimeisneededforsocialinteraction D．showthefunctionofpeople’scognition3．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Mentalexercisesmakeyourmemorybetter. B．DifferentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofmunicationC．municatingwithotherskeepsyouhealthy. D．Socialinteractionmakesyousmart.三（2022·江苏镇江·模拟预测）Onenightwewerewalkingdownonelong,dirtystreet.Suddenly,Dupinspoke,“You’reright,”hesaid.“Heisaverysmallman.”AtfirstIsawnothingstrangeinthis.Thenithitme.Dupinhadagreeddirectlywithmythoughts.Ihadnotspokenaword!Dupinhadreadmymind.Istoppedwalking.“Dupin,”Isaid,“howcouldyouknowthatIwasthinkingof?”Here,Istoppedspeaking.________Andhedid.Hesaid,“HowdidIknowyouwerethinkingofChantillyandthinkingheistoosmall?Itwasthefruitseller.”“Fruitseller!?”“Imeanthemanwhobumpedintoyoufifteenminutesago.”“Oh,yes…Iremember,now.Thatfruitseller.Butwhatd