2022高考英语语法专题复习-课件08《情态动词》

08《情态动词》第一页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。1.--IsJohncomingbytrain?--Heshould,buthe____not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.(2002高考题）

A.mustB.canC.needD.may2.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates(候选人)____remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.(2002上海高考题）

A.canB.willC.mayD.shall3.--Iheardtheywentskiinginthemountainslastwinter.(2002北京高考题）

--It____truebecausetherewaslittlesnowthere.A.maynotbeB.won’tbeC.couldn’tbeD.mustn’tbe第二页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。

情态动词表示推测不表示推测cancouldmaymightshallshouldmustwillwouldoughttohavetodare(daren’t)need(needn’t)usedto第三页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。Idaren’taskherforarise.我不敢请求她加薪.Howdidyoudaretotellherthat?Iwonderwhetherhedarestandupinpublic.Idon’tknowhowshedarestowearthatdress.Doyouneedanyhelp?Iwonderwhetherheneedsenditimmediately.Ineedhardlytellyouthattheworkisdangerous.Thegardendoesn’tneedwateringatthemoment.Youneedn’tfinishthatworktoday.第四页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need、dare

情态动词(+动词原形)行为动词

.needdare

1.无人称和数的变化;2.尤其用于：*否定句及疑问句中;*在if/whether之后;*或与hardly,never,noone,nobody连用;3.常以needn’t

和daren’t

的形式出现;4.dare有其过去时dared.

多用于肯定句;(sb.)needtododaretodo(sth.)needtobedone(sth.)needdoing

第五页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。判断正误:Howdareyousaysuchathing?Howdareyoutosaysuchathing?Hedaren’ttospeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,didhe?Hedaren’tspeakEnglishbeforesuchacrowd,darehe?第六页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。Nobodyneedtobeafraidofcatchingthedisease.Nobodyneedbeafraidofcatchingthedisease.Thesedishesneedbecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedtobecleanedcarefully.Thesedishesneedcleaningcarefully.第七页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。注意对need问句的回答:--NeedIfinishtheworktoday?--Yes,________________.No,________________.No,________________.youmustyouneedn’tyoudon’thaveto第八页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。needn’t对其它情态动词的回答:--ShallItellJohnaboutit?--No,you__________.

--Mustwedoitnow?--No,you__________.

needn’t(don’thaveto)needn’t(don’thaveto)第九页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.1.YoumustbeMrSmith----Iwastoldtoexpectyouhere.2.Hemusthaveknownwhatwewanted.3.Wemayhavereadthesamereport.4.Hecan’thavesleptthroughallthatnoise.5.There’ssomeoneoutside----whocanitbe?6.Whatcantheybedoing?7.Thesepillsmighthelptocureyourdisease.8.Youcouldberight,Isuppose.第十页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。表示推测——情态动词的重要用法.肯定的推测可能的推测否定的推测疑问的推测must/should

对将来

对现在

对过去情态动词may,mightcan’t,couldn’tcan,could+V.

+V.+havedone常见mustbe+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing

可以用not表示“可能不”

+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing+V.+V.+havedone+bedoing第十一页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。

1.Idon'tknowwheresheis,she_______beinWuhan.2.Atthismoment,ourteacher________________ourexampapers.

这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。

3.Theroadiswet.It________________lastnight.(rain)4.Yourmother______________________foryou.你妈妈一定一直在找你。

maymustbemarkingmusthaverainedmusthavebeenlooking第十二页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。5.Philip________________________seriouslyinthecaraccident.菲利普可能在车祸中受了重伤.6.---Lindahasgonetowork,butherbicycleisstillhere.

---She_____________________(go)bybus.7.Mike________________hiscar,forhecametoworkbybusthismorning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。may(might)havebeenhurtmay(might)havegonecan’thavefound第十三页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。高考考题:1.Ithoughtyou_____likesomethingtoread,soIhavebroughtyousomebooks.A.mayB.mightC.wouldD.must2.Whereismypen?I____it.A.mightloseB.wouldhavelostC.shouldhavelostD.musthavelost3.Ididn’thearthephone.I___asleepA.mustbeB.musthavebeenC.shouldbeD.shouldhavebeenB

D

B

第十四页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。4.---Therewerealreadyfivepeopleinthecar,buttheymanagedtotakemeaswell.----It____acomfortablejourneyA.can’tbeB.shouldn’tbeC.mustn’thavebeenD.couldn’thavebeen5.It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack___behereatanymoment.A.mustB.needC.shouldD.couldDC第十五页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。不同的“肯定”程度可按下列层次排列：Heisathome.(事实)Hemustbeathome.（非常肯定的推断）Hecouldbeathome.（很可能）Heoughttobeathome.（很可能）Hemaybeathome.（仅仅可能而已）Hemightbeathome.（或许,非常不确定）Hemightnotbeathome.（也许不在家）Hemaynotbeathome.（比might可能）Hecouldn’tbeathome.（很可能不在家）Hecan’tbeathome.（一定不在家）Heisn'tathome.（事实）

第十六页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。在不表示推测的情态动词中,我们要注意以下考点:1.表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。2.表示否定的情态动词的用法。3.shall和will的多种意义的区别。4.情态动词短语的使用。5.虚拟语气中情态动词的使用。第十七页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。

表示能力:can,could,beableto*beableto

能用于各种时态。

can/could

只能表示现在或过去的能力。*was/wereableto:“设法做成某事”相当于managedtodosth.succeededindoingsth.。1.表示能力、许可的情态动词的用法。第十八页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。1.Acomputer______thinkforitself;itmustbetoldwhattodo.A.can’tB.couldn’tC.maynotD.mightnot2.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone______getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasabletoAD第十九页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。3.Theywill______runthismachineontheirowninthreemonths.A.canB.couldC.mayD.beableto4.Thatbigcinema______seat2,000people.A.canB.shouldC.oughttoD.isabletoDA第二十页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。表示许可:may/might,can/could

*might,could

比较委婉,一般多用于疑问句.*can,may

表达的语言比较随便.*在以could,might

表示征询对方意见或表示请求时，回答应相应使用can,may.第二十一页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。5.—CouldIborrowyourdictionary?—Yes,ofcourseyou_______.A.mightB.willC.canD.should6.—MightIwatchTVaftersupper?—Yes,you________.A.mayB.mustC.mightD.canCA第二十二页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。2.表示否定的情态动词的用法:

部分情态动词的否定式是情态动词中的考点之一。

mustn’t不准,禁止needn’t没必要(=don’thaveto)can’t不能;不可能maynot不可以;可能不shouldn’t不应该(=oughtnotto)第二十三页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。7.You______returnthebooknow.Youcankeepittillnextweekifyoulike.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot8.Johnny,you______playwiththeknife,you______hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’tCB第二十四页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。9.--Willyoustayforlunch?--Sorry,_____.Mybrotheriscomingtoseeme.A.Imustn’tB.Ican’tC.Ineedn’tD.Iwon’t10.--MayIpickaflowerinthegarden?--________.A.No,youneedn’tB.Not,please.C.No,youmustn’tD.No,youwon’tBC第二十五页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。情态动词：shall,will的多种意义:

shall/will+动词原形:

*shall可表示必须、命令、警告或征询意见.

*

will可表示意愿、常出现的动作、在疑问句中表示请求和建议.*均可表示将来。过去时为

should,would.3.第二十六页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。11.He______bepunishedifhedisobeys.

如果他不服从,就要受到惩罚.12.Wearenotgoingtoquarrelatallifyou____onlyletmespeak.

只要你让我说话,我们根本就不会吵架.13.--Sir,____hegoorstay?--Lethimgo.A.willB.shallC.mightD.couldshallwillB第二十七页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。14.Thedoor_______open.

这门经常打不开.15.Ronald______stayinhissmallgardenforalongtimeeverydayinthepast.A.couldB.mightC.shouldD.would16.You_____havethebookafterIreadit.

我看完以后一定把这本书给你.won’tDshall第二十八页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。4.情态动词短语的使用:wouldliketodo…wouldratherdo…wouldrather+从句wouldprefertodo...hadbetterdo...第二十九页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。改错:1.Wouldyoulikehavingsometea?2.I’dprefergoingtothelecturethisevening.3.I’dratheryoutogotothemeeting.4.Hewouldrathertodiethantogivein.5.You’dbettertohaveyourhaircuttoday.Wouldyouliketohavesometea?I’dprefertogoto...…youwentto...Hewouldratherdiethangivein.You’dbetterhave...第三十页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。5.用于虚拟语气的情态动词:shouldmightcouldwouldneedn’toughtto第三十一页，编辑于星期五：八点四十八分。情态动词考题:1.Putonmoreclothes.You

befeelingcoldwithonlyashirton.

A.can

B.could