第09讲WELCOMEUNIT（核心词块讲解基础练阅读提升练）

第09讲WeleUnit目标1掌握重点单词和词块的用法。目标2认识并运用重点句型。一、核心词块讲解1.exchangevt.交换；交流；交易；兑换n．交换；交流(1)exchange...for... 用……来交换……exchangesth.withsb. 与某人交换某物(2)inexchangefor 交换exchangestudent 交换生makeanexchange 交换 [佳句背诵]Heattemptedtoworkintherestaurantinexchangeforfreemealsandacmodation.他试图在餐馆工作，以换取免费食宿。2.designvt.设计；筹划n．设计；设计方案(1)bedesignedfor 为……而设计bedesignedtodosth. 被设计用来做某事(2)bydesign＝onpurpose 故意地(3)designern. 设计者[佳句背诵]Thisfilmisspeciallydesignedforthe100thschoolanniversary,focusingonthehistoryanddevelopmentofourschool.这部电影是专门为100周年校庆设计的，重点放在学校的历史和发展上。3.anxiousadj.焦虑的；不安的(1)beanxiousfor/about... 为……担心/担忧beanxioustodosth. 渴望做某事(2)anxietyn. 担心；焦虑；渴望withanxiety 焦虑地(3)anxiouslyadv. 焦虑地[佳句背诵]I'msoanxiousabouttheingexamthatIcanhardlyfallasleepatnight.＝Anxiousabouttheingexam,Icanhardlyfallasleepatnight.我担心即将到来的考试，因此晚上几乎无法入睡。4.annoyedadj.恼怒的；生气的(1)beannoyedwithsb. 生某人的气beannoyedat/aboutsth. 因某事生气(2)annoyvt. 使恼怒；打扰Whatannoyssb.mostisthat... 最让某人生气的是……(3)annoyingadj. 使人不高兴的；恼人的[佳句背诵]Whatannoysmanyparentsmostisthatstaringatthescreenforalongtimeisharmfultotheirchildren'seyes.最让许多家长烦恼的是长时间盯着屏幕对孩子的眼睛有害。(2021·全国卷乙满分作文)5.impressionn.印象；感想(1)make/leavea(n)．..impressiononsb. 给某人留下一个……的印象(2)impressvt. 使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象vi. 留下印象；引人注目eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(impresssth.on/uponsb.,impresssb.withsth. )) 使某人牢记某事beimpressedby/at/with... 对……印象深刻(3)impressiveadj. 给人印象深刻的[佳句背诵]Myfatherimpressedmewiththevalueofhardwork,whichhasbeenbenefitingmeoveryears.＝Myfatherimpressedthevalueofhardworkonme,whichhasbeenbenefitingmeoveryears.我的父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性，多年来让我受益匪浅。6.confidentadj.自信的；有把握的(1)beconfidentabout/of(doing)sth. 对(做)某事有信心beconfidentthat... 对……有信心(2)confidencen. 信心haveconfidenceinsb. 对某人有信心loseconfidenceinsb. 对某人失去信心(3)confidentlyadv. 自信地；安心地[佳句背诵]Fromnowon,IamayoungadultandI'mconfidentthatthefutureisbrightinfrontofme.从现在开始，我是一个成年人，我相信在我面前的未来是光明的。(2020·天津卷7月满分作文)7.curiousadj.好奇的；求知欲强的(1)becuriousaboutsth. 对某事感到好奇becurioustodosth. 好奇地做某事；极想做某事(2)curiosityn. 好奇心withcuriosity 好奇地outofcuriosity 出于好奇(3)curiouslyadv. 好奇地[佳句背诵]Outofcuriosity,thelittleboypeeredintotheofficethroughthewindow.出于好奇，这个小男孩透过窗户向办公室里窥视。8.concentrateon集中精力于(1)concentrate(one'sattention/efforts)on(doing)sth. 专注于(做)某事concentrateon/upon(doing)sth. 集中精力于(做)某事(2)concentrationn. 专心；专注concentratedadj. 集中的[佳句背诵]Playingputergamescanmakeusrelaxed,butasstudentswemustconcentrateonourstudies.玩电脑游戏可以使我们放松，但是作为学生我们必须集中精力于学习。9.lookforwardto盼望；期待lookback(on) 回忆，回顾lookoutfor 注意察看，留心lookdownon/upon 轻视，瞧不起lookinto 调查；向……里看lookupto 尊敬，敬仰[佳句背诵]Wesincerelyhopeyoucandousafavourandetoguideushowtoperformtheshortplay.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.我们真诚地希望您能帮我们一个忙，来指导我们如何表演这个短剧。期待您的早日回复。(2020·全国卷Ⅲ满分作文)二．句型精析1.“Whatif...？”意为“要是……会怎么样呢？”(教材P4)Whatifnoonetalkstome?要是没人跟我说话怎么办呢？[先练会]——单句语法填空①WhatifthereisawonderfulfootballmatchonSaturdaynight?②Whatabout_goingtothecinematonight？Anewfilmisonshow.【句法分析】Howe...?……怎么会这样？How/Whatabout...? ……怎么样？Sowhat? 那又怎样？Whynotdosth.? 为什么不做某事呢？[佳句背诵]NowthatshespentfiveyearsinParis，howeherFrenchissobad?既然她在巴黎待了五年，她的法语怎么还会这样糟糕呢？2.find＋宾语＋宾语补足语(教材P4)Ifoundmostofmyclassmatesandteachersfriendlyandhelpful.我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好和乐于助人。[先练会]——单句语法填空①(2020·天津卷7月)Justafewdaysafterthesignswentup,hefoundpeoplesitting(sit)thereandengaginginactiveandjoyfulconversations.②Afterwanderingintheforest,wefoundourselveslost(lose)inastrangepath.③Youwillcertainlyfindtheartexhibitionveryenjoyable(enjoy)andfallinlovewiththeart.【句法精析】(1)find＋宾语＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(现在分词（表示主动、进行）,过去分词（表示被动、完成）,形容词,介词短语))(2)find＋it＋形容词/名词＋todo...(it是形式宾语，todo...是真正的宾语)[佳句背诵]Withtheworldbeingaglobalvillage,IfinditisnecessarytohaveagoodmandofEnglish.＝Withtheworldbeingaglobalvillage,IfinditnecessarytohaveagoodmandofEnglish.随着世界变成了地球村，我觉得学好英语很有必要。PartⅠ过基础——教材核心知识精准练词形转换/固定搭配和用法1．(2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Whentheexplorers(explore)firstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife.2．(2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Weprefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificsetofskillsthatcanbeusedforeithergoodorbadpurposes.3．(2021·浙江卷6月)Wecannowconfidently(confident)concludethatatleastsomedogscandistinguishhumanfacialexpressions.4．(2021·天津卷3月)Greatimprovements_(improve)inpublichealthhavebeenbroughtaboutbyadvancesinmedicalscience.5．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Totesttheeffectofsocialinfluenceoneatinghabits,theresearchersconductedtwoexperiments(experiment)．6．(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅱ)Organizers(organize)expectedperhaps50，000peopletoshowup.Instead,asmanyas800，000crowdedtheroadstothebridge.7．Withsuchannoyingnoiseoutside,theexchangestudentcanhardlyconcentrateonthelectureandtakenotes(note)．8．Sheisseniortome,sinceshejoinedthefirmbeforeme.一词多义A．adj.较年幼的；资历较浅的；(地位、职位、级别)较低的 B．adj.初级的C．n.少年 D．n.晚辈；等级较低者1．Howtimeflies!Aftertheparty,maybeit'stimetosaygoodbyetojuniorhigh.B2．Asajunior,weshouldrespecttheoldandcherishtheyoung.D3．Althoughsheisolder,sheisjuniortome.A_4．JuniorDiegowasborninarichfamily,whosefatherisalawyer.C熟词生义1．(2020·天津卷5月)Tomakethishappen,theairlinehaspartneredupwithMagniXtocreatetheworld'sfirstmercialflightwithanelectricengine.CA．帮助 B．同情C．合作2．(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.BA．登记表 B．状态C．登记3．Thefootballplayerscoredagoalandtheirteamwonthematch.AA．射门 B．目标C．目的地单元要点高效语境IenteredseniorhighschoolinSeptemberandthenewschoolmadeagood1.impression(impress)onme.Atfirst,Iwasalittleanxiousandit2.annoyed(annoy)methatIwasnotfamiliarwiththesurroundings.Whatifnoonewouldtalktome?ButsoonIfoundmyteachersandclassmateskindand3.friendly(friend)．What'smore,thelessonswereinterestingandImademanygoodfriends.NowIfeelmuchmorerelaxedand4.confident(confidence).Ilike5.thedesignandcolourofouruniforms,fromwhichpeoplecanlearnmoreaboutourschool.Ioftenexchangeideas6.withmyteachers，who7.are(be)richinexperience.Theyoftenrequireme8.to_leave(leave)alonethingsthatmightcausetroubleandconcentratemyattention9.onmystudy.Asastudent,IwillstudyhardandIlookforwardto10.being_admitted(admit)toakeyuniversityinthreeyears'time.PartⅡ过能力——阅读能力提升练Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2022·沈阳八校联考)Lastmonthourclassprojectwastomakeaschoolnewspaper.Ourteacherdividedusintogroupsandeachgroupwassupposedtoworkonacolumn(专栏).Imissedthefirstplanningmeetingbecauseofadentistappointmentsomygroupfilledmeinthenextday.“Wedecidedtodoagossip(闲言碎语)column，”Emilyinformedme.“Wetookalongournotebooksandpaidextra­closeattentiontoeverythinghappeningaroundus.”Austinreadfromhisnotebook,“Jameseitherhasacoldorreallybadallergiesbecausehe'sbeensneezingnonstop.”Jessicasaid,“Jacksoniseithergoingthroughamajorgrowthspurtorgettingreadytorunamarathonbecausehe'sbeeneatingtwoentiresandwichesforlunch.”Thisgossipcolumnwasmakingmeveryunfortable.Itwasalreadyspinningoutofcontrol.“Holdon，”Isaid,“don'tyouthinkpeoplewillfeelembarrassedtohavethatstuffsharedwiththeschool？”Austinjumpedin,sayingthatIhadapointandthatthegossipcolumnideawasnotthatfriendly.Thenwethoughtaboutitforabit,andthenEmilybrightened,“Whatifwedoafriendlygossipcolumninstead?Wecancallitanop­gopcolumn！”Andthatwasexactlywhatwedid.Thenextdayatschool,wetookoutnotebookseverywherewewent.Butthistime,wewrotedownthegoodstuffwewitnessed.Hereareafewsnippets(摘要)fromthecolumnweendeduppublishing：KatieMyerswasspottedpickingupotherpeople'slitterandthrowingitintothegarbagecanwithoutevenbeingasked.DannyGonzaleswasseenhelpingasecondgradergetaballunstuckfromahigh,hard­to­reachplace.AndSoeZaleskiwasoverheardverypatientlyexplainingamathsproblemtoaverygratefulperson.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和同学们按照老师的分组来合作制作校报的经历。1．Whatdidtheauthor'steammembersdothedaytheprojectwasannounced?A．Theyweredividedintothreegroups.B．Theywenttothedentist'sonschedule.C．Theydiscussedtheirtopicwiththeauthor.D．Theygatheredinformationfortheirtopic.D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句“Wedecidedtodo...happeningaroundus.”可知，方案宣布那天，作者的小组成员开始收集信息。2．Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor'sattitudetothegossipcolumn?A．Supportive. B．Indifferent.C．Opposed. D．Objective.C解析：观点态度题。根据第三段第一句及“don'tyouthinkpeople...sharedwiththeschool”可知，作者认为将他人的八卦新闻报道出来会让他人感到尴尬。由此可推测，作者对八卦专栏持反对态度。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spurt”inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymean?A．Theagelimit. B．Suddenincrease.C．Inborndisability. D．Thehighestheight.B解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“orgettingreadyto...entiresandwichesforlunch”可知，杰克逊吃得较多，可能是他的身体在快速生长。4．What'stheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Tocallonpeopletospreadpeople'sgooddeeds.B．Tointroducethecontentoftheirop­gopcolumn.C．Toshowpeoplelovetocatchthegossipnews.D．Toproveit'seasytocatchthegossipnews.A解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者的目的在于号召人们多传递一些有关好人好事的信息。B(2022·青岛高三教学质检)IntheAncientGreekworld,onewasmeanttofocusonacloseknowledgeofjustbooks,Homer'sTheOdysseyandhisTheIliad,becausethesewerethebestguidestoactioninmilitaryandcivilianaffairs.However,themodernworldfirmlyequalstheintelligentpersonwiththewell­readperson.Nowadays,ifwedonotrushtoreadfourofthisyear'smajorprize­winningbooks,wewillfeelguiltyabouthowfarbehindweare.Wethinkthatthereshouldbenolimittohowmuchwereadbecauseinanswertothequestionofwhyweread,thereisonlyoneresponsethatwilleverbeambitiousenough:Wereadinordertoknoweverything.Butthistiringapproachtoreadingdoesnotmakeusparticularlyhappy.Soinordertoeaseandsimplifyourlives,wemighthaveamuchmorelimited,focusedandusefulgoal.Wemight,forexample,readinordertolearntobecontent.Nothinglessandnothingmore.Withthisnew,farmoretargetedambitioninmind,muchofthepressuretoreadconstantlyandrandomlystartstofade.Onceweknowthatwearereadingtobecontent,wedon'tneedtochaseeverybookpublishedthisseason.Wecanzeroinontitlesthatbestexplainwhatweneed.Soforexample,wemayneedafewkeybooksthatwillteachusabouthowfamiliesworkandhowtheymightworkbetter,thatcantakeusthroughhowtofindajob,orhowtodevelopthecouragetodevelopouropportunities.Themoreweunderstandwhatreadingisforus,themorewecanenjoycloserelationshipswithafewworksonly.Thetrulywell­readpersonisn'ttheonewhohasreadahugenumberofbooks,butsomeonewhohasletthemselvesbedeeplyshapedbyjustafew,verywell­chosentitles.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。为了使生活容易一些、简单一些，我们应该进行有针对性的阅读。真正博学的人不是读过大量书的人，而是那些让自己被一些精选的书深刻塑造的人。5．WhyareHomer'sTheOdysseyandTheIliadmentionedinthefirstparagraph?A．Topresentafact.B．Toexplainapoint.C．Toraiseaquestion.D．Tomakeaparison.D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，在古希腊人们被限制重点阅读这两本名著，可推知，提到古希腊的两本名著是为了和现代的广泛阅读进行比较。6．Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2andparagraph3?A．Majorprize­winningbooksshouldberead.B．Weshouldbeambitioustoreadtoknoweverything.C．Readingasmuchaswecanleadstohappiness.D．Weshouldreadwithfocusedpurposes.D解析：推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段内容可知，为了使生活容易一些、简单一些，我们应该进行有针对性的阅读。7．Whatkindofbooksdoestheauthoradviseustoread?A．Thenewlypublishedones.B．Thosewithinnovativenames.C．Thebooksmeetingyourneeds.D．Thebooksimprovingyourambitions.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Soforexample...todevelopouropportunities.”可知，作者建议我们阅读那些能满足我们具体需要的书。8．Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthepassage?A．Topromoteourinterestinreading.B．Toadvocateatargetedreadingway.C．Tocriticizereadingblindly.D．Toparedifferentreadingstyles.B解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，作者写此文的目的是提倡一种有针对性的阅读方式。Ⅱ.七选五(2022·湖北四地七校联考)Itcanbereallyfrustratingwhenyouwanttostandupforyourselfbutalwaysfeelthetearsing—especiallywhenyouknowthatwhatyouhavetosayisvalidandimportant.1.________，orthatyou'restuckinthesamesituationeverytime.Wehopethatwiththehelpofthesestrategies,you'llbeabletostandupforyourself,andgaintherespectthatyoudeserve.Anaturalrelaxationresponsecanbeactivatedbytakingdeepbreaths.Ifyoufeellikeyou'reabouttocry,you'relikelytofeelstressedandoverwhelmed.Bytakingdeepbreaths,you'resendingamessagetoyourbraintocalmdown—yourheartrate,bloodpressure,andbreathingwillalldecrease.2.________.Anotherwaytopreventyourselffromcryingistodeliberatelypauseforalittlewhile.Ratherthangoingonandon,saywhatyouwanttosayandthenstopandwaitfortheotherpersontorespond.3.________.Butifyouletyourselfgetcaughtupinyourfrustrationandsadnessallatonce,youmaybemorelikelytobegincrying.4．________.Youmayfindyourselfcryingbecauseyoulackconfidenceinyourself,butresearchhasfoundthatyourbodyposturescanactuallymakeyouthinkmorepositiveaboutyourself.Trytostandstraight,plantyourfeetwide,andkeepyourheadup—youmayfeelbetteraboutyourworthandwhatyouhavetosay.It'sokayifyouaren'tsuccessfulonyourfirstcoupleoftries.It'simportanttorecognizethatnotonlyiscryingamonandunderstandablereactiontoemotionaldistress,butthatyoucanstillmakeastandandgetyourpointacrossevenifyouarecrying.5.________，sobeeasyonyourselfduringthejourney!A．You'llgetbetterwithtimeandpracticeB．CryingisusuallyregardedasasignofweaknessC．ThismayhelpyoufeelmorerelaxedandgroundedD．HavingbetterbodyposturescanboostyourconfidenceE．Yetyoushouldn'tfeellikethere'snowaytodealwithitF．You'llmeetdifferentdifficultiesandchallengesintheprocessG．Evenifyouhavealottosay,you'llbeabletogettoitintime【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几个在维护自己权益时避免流泪的策略，从而让我们敢于站起来维护自己的权益并赢得尊重。1．E解析：根据下文“orthatyou'restuckinthesamesituationeverytime”可知，空处讲到的应该也是一种担心的局面。2．C解析：本段主旨句讲深呼吸，空前一句讲深呼吸会给你的大脑释放平静下来的信号，因此空处应该是这么做的好处。3．G解析：本段主旨句讲到了故意停顿一会儿是防止自己哭泣的方法，因此空处应该是讲先忍住不要着急，即使你有很多话，也能及时说完。4．D解析：根据本段中的“yourbodyposturescanactually...andkeepyourheadup”可知，本段应该是讲身体姿势会给自己带来积极影响，D项适合作本段的主旨句。5．A解析：本段主旨句讲到了即使前几次尝试失败了也没关系，因此空处应是讲要保持耐心，多加练习，才会变得更好。Ⅲ.语法填空(2022·海口高考调研)AfewweeksagoIwasoutwithmyfamilyattheopeningofanewplaygroundinourmunity.Theadvertisementswereputup,1.____________(state)there