Unit4Sharing周测试卷（二）（含答案）高二英语下学期周测月考培优练（人教版2019选择性）

人教版（2019）选择性必修四Unit4Sharing周测试卷（二）满分：100分测试时间：40分钟。品词填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)1．Asweallknow,glass________(收缩)whenitcools.2．Motherisalwayssinginganice________(曲调)whensheishappy.3．InlearningEnglishwemustensureadequatequality________(输入)oftheEnglishlanguage.4．Myeldersisterworksasthe________(顾问)managerinthispany.5．Mikegotcaughtinatrafficaccidentlastyearandhasbeen________(残疾)eversince.6.Shewasafairly(固执的)personwhohadstrongpersonalviews.

7.Thetreesprovide(阴凉处)fortheanimalsinthesummer.

8.Theskinonhercheeksandaroundhereyeswasbeginningto(起皱纹).

9.ThetrainwasabouttoleaveandIwasnotevenonthe(站台).

10.BythemiddleofJulyyoushouldbegintohave(成熟的)tomatoestoeat.

11.Pleasepassthis(包裹)ontoMr.Li.

12.WhenIwenthome,Iwascaughtinatraffic(堵塞).

13.ThefirstthingIhavetodotomorrowisto(除杂草)thegarden.

14.paredwithherachievements,hershortingsare(次要的).

15.Whethermiddleschoolstudentsshouldwearschool(制服)isaninterestingtopic.

单句语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)Thewoman,bornwith_______(disable)thataffecthereyesight,becamethechampionofthegame.Iresigned_______theforeignpanyinordertotakeamorechallengingjob.Derartuisanoutstandingathleteanddeserved_______(win)inthelastgame.Hehasmaderapidprogressinphysics,sotheconditionsareripe_______applyingfortherelevantmajor.Sometimes,Iregretnot_______(make)betteruseofthetimethathasgoneby.I’msogladyouarehere.I’vebeendying_______(tell)someonewhathappenedinschooltoday.Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,from_______kiteflyingspreadtoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.Aftergraduation,shesetupanorganizationtohelp_______disabledwiththeirstudy.Ifyouwanttocarrytheinformationwithyou,justplugtheUSBflashdisk_______yourputerandcopyimportantfilestoit.10.HecanspeakEnglishperfectlynowadays,sohedoesn’twanttodrag_______hisfailureinoralEnglish.阅读理解(共8小题;每小题2.5分，满分20分)AHaveyoueverpaidcloseattentiontoacloudandnoticeditseverchangingforms?Ifnotyoucouldbemissingoutonsomethingquitewondrous.Cloudspottingdoesn’trequiremuch.Sometimes,itcanbeaninvitationtobemarveled(惊叹)bysomethingsomonthatwe’vebeeblindtoit.Oryoucangodeeper,tryingtomakesenseoftheskybylearningthedifferentcloudtypes.ApopsciencebloggersurnamedZheng,25,knownasthe“CloudCollector”onthelifestyleplatformXiaohongshu,initiallystartedheraccounttosharecloudphotosin2022.Zheng,whoenjoysfindingdelightinrecordingthebeautyofdailylife,considereditawaytospreadlovelymomentstomorepeople.“Cloudshavealwaysservedasasourceoffortforme,”saidZhengbasedinFujian.ForZheng,oneofhermostunforgettablecloudspottingexperiencesoccurredduringaflight.Itwasthefirsttimethatshehadseenaspecialnaturalphenomenoncalleda“glory”,producedbywaterdropsintheair.Itappearedasahazy(模糊的)lightpointinthemiddleofacircularrainbowhalo(圆形彩虹光环).“Itwassuchasurprise,”Zhengrecalled.Asagrowingnumberofonlineusersbegantoshowinterestandraisequestions,Zhengrealizedthatshecouldoffermoresciencecontentaboutcloudspotting.Soshestartedtolearnmorebyreferringtospecializedbooksandconsultingindividualswithexpertiseinmeteorology(气象学).Zhenghasnowsharednearly200piecesofpopularsciencecontent,includingcloudidentification,formation,parisonsofdifferentcloudtypesandweatherrelatedknowledge.Heraccountnowhasover210,000followersonXiaohongshu,andtherearefivegroupchatsontheplatformwherethousandsofuserssharetheirdailycloudwatchingexperiences.Lookingahead,Zhenghasplanstoholdseveralgalleryexhibitions.“ThefirstroundofexhibitionswillbeinXiameninFujianandChengduinSichuan,”Zhengsaid,addingthatshe’sgatheringmorecloudphotosandtheuniquestoriesbehindthem.Bydoingthis,shehopestoinspiremorepeopletoappreciatethebeautyofthe“gentlewhitegiants(巨人)”inthesky.1.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Introduceanevent. B.Leadinthetopic.C.Shareanopinion. D.Describeascene.2.WhatwasZheng’soriginalintentionofopeninganaccount?A.Tosharemomentsofspottingclouds. B.Toreceivemoreattentiononline.C.Tospreadlovetomorepeople. D.Togainmorefortforherself.3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesZheng?A.Honestandpositive. B.Patientandhumble.C.Considerateandgenerous. D.Popularandhardworking.4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?AAbloggerattractsalargenumberoffollowersonline.B.Abloggeriskeenonadmiringthewondersofthesky.C.Abloggerfindsdelightinrecordingthebeautyofdailylife.D.Abloggershowsinterestsinresearchingmeteorology.BPeoplehatemosquitoesduetotheirbloodsuckingtendencies.Scientists,too,aretroubledbymosquitoesandhavebeenresearchingwaystokeepthemaway.AteamofresearchersfromVirginiaTechintheUSlookedintodifferentkindsofsoap.Theyinvitedvolunteerstotesthowfourdifferentsoapflavorsattractmosquitoes.Afteranalyzingthemosquitoesbehavior,theresearchersdiscoveredseveralchemicalsinthesoapthatcaninfluencethemosquitoes’“choiceoffood”.Twochemicals,onewiththesmellofcoconutandanotherwiththescentofflowers,cankeeptheinsectsaway.Theteamalsofoundthatwhatmatterstomosquitoesisnotjustthechemicals,butratherthebinationofchemicalswitheachperson’ssmell.Forexample,peoplewhoattractmosquitoescanbemoreattractivetothemafterusingonetypeofsoap.Theycanalsorepelmosquitoesbyusinganotherkindofsoap.Thefindingwere“remarkable”,saidseniorauthorClementVinaugerinanewsrelease,addingthathewouldchooseacoconutscentedsoaptokeepmosquitoesaway.Howtheseinsectsmanagetofindhumanshasalsomadescientistscurious.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinCurrentBiology,researchersbuilta“canteen”forhundredsofmosquitoes.Inthe20by20meterfacility,thereweresixpadsthathadthesmellofdifferenthumans.Thepadswereheatedtomimicsleepinghumans.Theyfoundthattheinsectscantrackscentsupto60meters.Also,mosquitoesaremostattractedtoakindofchemicalcalledcarboxylic(羧基的)acid,whichisusuallyproducedbybacteriaonhumanskin.Thesmellofoneparticipantwasn’tattractivetotheinsects,andresearchersbelieveditwasduetotheperson’sdiet,whichismainlyplantbasedfoods.Byanalyzingthechemicalsthateitherattractorrepelmosquitoes,scientistsareabletoimprovemosquitorepellent.Withmorestudies,scientistsbelievechangingaperson’sdietcouldonedaymakethem“mosquitoproof”.Thisisespeciallybeneficialforregionswheremosquitoescarrydiseases,suchasmalaria,CNNreported.5.Whichofthefollowingcanexplaintheunderlinedword“repel”?A.Relyon. B.Giveoff. C.Driveaway. D.Decideon.6.WhatdoesParagraph4mainlytalkabout?A.Theprincipleofdrawingaconclusion. B.Theprocessofconductingtheresearch.C.Thefindingsofthescientistsinvolved. D.Thesignificanceofthisexperiment.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A.Chemicalsarewhatmattermosttomosquitoes.B.Peopledislikemosquitoesmainlybecausetheycarrydisease.C.APlantbaseddietcanpossiblyprotectpeoplefrombeingbittenbymosquitoes.D.Mosquitoesarenotsensitivetocarboxylicacidthatisproducedbyhumanskin.8.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythispassageappear?A.Animals. B.Medicine. C.Entertainment. D.Science.四、完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。OveringmyinitialstrugglesintheNetherlandstostartmyPhDhasbeenlikeridingabike.I___1___inahilly,seasidecityinChinawithoutcyclepaths,andbikingwasdangerousforme.Now,myDutchneighbourwastellingmeIhadto___2___.Ittookmearoundamonthtofeel___3___cycling.Afterhalfayear,Iamstartingtoenjoyit.Forme,ahelpful___4___fordealingwithDutchtrafficwastomakealotofnoiseasIrode:loudlaughs,“lookout”,“watchit”,andsoon.This___5___othercyclistsintokeepingawayfromme,andpreventedthe___6___thathadseemedunavoidablewhenIstarted.Thispattern,ofatimeofstruggle___7___byfun,wasrepeatedwithotheraspectsofmylifeinUtrecht.Thereweremore“bikes”thatI___8___tolearnhowtoride.Oneofthemwas___9___management.InUtrecht,Idon’tseepeopleworking____10____time.Asforworkingattheweekend,____11____it.Iinitiallyassumedthatnobodywasworkingveryhard,becauseoftheirshorter____12____.Butafterafewmonths,IrealizedthattheotherPhDstudentswereallpletelyfocusedontheirworkduringthateighthourworkingperiod,whereasIwastakingendless“____13____”whenIcouldhavebeenfocusingonmystudies.Cyclinghasbeea____14____ofmygrowth,freedomand____15____adaptationtoPhDlifeintheNetherlands.AndIhaveformedagoodhabitofworkingwhileIworkandplayingwhileIplay.1.A.wentthrough B.workedout C.grewup D.gotaround2.A.travel B.decide C.advance D.learn3.A.nervous B.anxious C.sensitive D.fortable4.A.trick B.plan C.tendency D.instruction5.A.cheated B.persuaded C.guided D.frightened6.A.races B.ruins C.crashes D.petitions7.A.followed B.presented C.supported D.appreciated8.A.hesitated B.needed C.remembered D.failed9.A.time B.finance C.business D.personnel10.A.special B.regular C.extra D.legal11.A.cancel B.forget C.make D.take12.A.hours B.vacations C.weekdays D.distances13.A.exercise B.responsibility C.breaks D.exams14.A.weakness B.symbol C.concept D.remark15.A.ambitious B.successful C.objective D.careless五、语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。Thereareseveralreasonswhyschooluniforms(校服)areagoodidea.Firstofall,uniformshelptheschoollooksmart.Thestudentsfeelthattheybelongtoaparticulargroup.Wheneverypupilintheschoolwearstheuniform,nobody____1___(have)toworryaboutfashion(时尚).Everybodywears____2____samestyleofclothes.Uniformscanbeusefulinunexpectedways.AschoolinIrelandhasintroducedaninterestingnewuniform.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofcloth____3____givesofflightinthedark.Whenthechildrenarewalkingor____4___(cycle)toschoolondarkmornings,cardriverscan____5____(easy)seethem.Butcanuniformshelpimproveschoolstandards?Theanswer____6____thisquestionisnotclear.OnestudyinAmericafoundthatstudents’gradesimprovedalittleaftertheschool____7____(introduce)uniforms.Butsomestudentsdidn’twant____8____(wear)theuniform.OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno____9___(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperformances.Schooluniformsare_____10_____(tradition)inBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.Someverygoodschoolsdon’thaveauniformpolicy.However,uniformsarestillpopular.Pupilsatabout90percentofBritishsecondaryschoolswearuniforms.参考答案：词汇运用：1.contracts2.tune3.input4.consultant5．disabled6.rigid7.shade8.wrinkle9.platform10.ripe11.parcel12.jam13.weed14.secondary15.uniform(s)单句语法填空：1.disabilities2.from3.towin4.for5.making6.totell7.where8.the9.into10.up阅读理解【答案】1.B2.A3.D4.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了被称为“云收藏家”的小红书博主在网上分享云的照片，收到了网友的欢迎。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Haveyoueverpaidcloseattentiontoacloudandnoticeditseverchangingforms?Ifnot,youcouldbemissingoutonsomethingquitewondrous.(你有没有仔细观察过一朵云，并注意到它不断变化的形态?如果没有，你可能会错过一些非常奇妙的东西)”可知，第一段的作用是引入文章话题。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“ApopsciencebloggersurnamedZheng,25,knownasthe“CloudCollector”onthelifestyleplatformXiaohongshu,initiallystartedheraccounttosharecloudphotosin2022.(这位25岁的科普博主姓郑，在生活方式平台小红书上被称为“云收藏家”，她最初于2022年创建了自己的账户，分享云照片)”可知，郑创建账户的初衷是分享看云的时刻。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Zhenghasnowsharednearly200piecesofpopularsciencecontent,includingcloudidentification,formation,parisonsofdifferentcloudtypesandweatherrelatedknowledge.Heraccountnowhasover210,000followersonXiaohongshu,andtherearefivegroupchatsontheplatformwherethousandsofuserssharetheirdailycloudwatchingexperiences.(郑现在已经分享了近200条科普内容，包括云的识别、形成、不同云类型的比较以及与天气有关的知识。她的账号现在在小红书上有超过21万的粉丝，平台上有五个群聊，成千上万的用户分享他们每天的观云经历)”可知，郑积极分享科普，受到了粉丝欢迎，即他受欢迎且勤奋。故选D。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“ApopsciencebloggersurnamedZheng,25,knownasthe“CloudCollector”onthelifestyleplatformXiaohongshu,initiallystartedheraccounttosharecloudphotosin2022.Zheng,whoenjoysfindingdelightinrecordingthebeautyofdailylife,considereditawaytospreadlovelymomentstomorepeople.“Cloudshavealwaysservedasasourceoffortforme,”saidZhengbasedinFujian.(这位25岁的科普博主姓郑，在生活方式平台小红书上被称为“云收藏家”，她最初于2022年创建了自己的账户，分享云照片。郑喜欢从记录日常生活的美好中寻找乐趣，他认为这是一种将美好时刻传播给更多人的方式。来自福建的郑说:“云一直是我的慰藉。”)”结合文章主要介绍了被称为“云收藏家”的小红书博主在网上分享云的照片，收到了网友的欢迎。可知，这篇文章主要讲的是一个博主热衷于欣赏天空的奇观。故选B。【答案】5.C6.B7.C8.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家们研究蚊子寻找人类的机制以及如何通过改变饮食来避免被蚊子叮咬。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Forexample,peoplewhoattractmosquitoescanbemoreattractivetothemafterusingonetypeofsoap.(例如，吸引蚊子的人在使用一种肥皂后会对蚊子更有吸引力)”以及后文“hewouldchooseacoconutscentedsoaptokeepmosquitoesaway.(他会选择一种椰子味的肥皂来驱赶蚊子)”可知，吸引蚊子的人在使用一种肥皂后会对蚊子更有吸引力，但是他们还可以用另一种肥皂来驱赶蚊子。由此可知，划线词意思是“赶走”。故选C。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Howtheseinsectsmanagetofindhumanshasalsomadescientistscurious.AccordingtoanewstudypublishedinCurrentBiology,researchersbuilta“canteen”forhundredsofmosquitoes.Inthe20by20meterfacility,thereweresixpadsthathadthesmellofdifferenthumans.Thepadswereheatedtomimicsleepinghumans.(这些昆虫是如何找到人类的也让科学家们感到好奇。根据发表在《当代生物学》上的一项新研究，研究人员为数百只蚊子建造了一个“食堂”。在这个20乘20米的设施里，有6个垫子，它们散发着不同人类的气味。这些垫子被加热以模拟人类的睡眠)”可知，第四段主要讲了进行研究的过程。故选B。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Thesmellofoneparticipantwasn’tattractivetotheinsects,andresearchersbelieveditwasduetotheperson’sdiet,whichismainlyplantbasedfoods.(其中一名参与者的气味对昆虫没有吸引力，研究人员认为这是由于该人的饮食，主要是植物性食物)”可知，植物性饮食可能保护人们不被蚊子叮咬。故选C。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“Peoplehatemosquitoesduetotheirbloodsuckingtendencies.Scientists,too,aretroubledbymosquitoesandhavebeenresearchingwaystokeepthemaway.(人们讨厌蚊子是因为它们有吸血的倾向。科学家们也受到蚊子的困扰，一直在研究驱除蚊子的方法)”可知，文章主要介绍了科学家们研究蚊子寻找人类的机制以及如何通过改变饮食来避免被蚊子叮咬。由此推知，这篇文章可能出现在报纸的“科学”版面。故选D。完形填空【答案】1.C2.D3.D4.A5.D6.C7.A8.B9.A10.C11.B12.A13.C14.B15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者在荷兰开始博士生活时面临挑战，通过学习骑自行车和时间管理，逐渐适应了新环境，形成了工作专注、生活平衡的好习惯。【1题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我在中国一个没有自行车道的多山海滨城市长大，对我来说骑自行车是危险的。A.wentthrough经历；B.workedout解出；C.grewup成长；D.gotaround在周围。根据下文“inahilly,seasidecityinChina”可知，作者是在一个沿海城市长大的，故选C项。【2题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在我的荷兰邻居告诉我我必须学会骑自行车。A.travel旅行；B.decide决定；C.advance推进；D.learn学习。根据上文“bikingwasdangerousforme”可知，作者之前不会骑自行车，现在需要开始学习，故选D项。【3题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我花了大约一个月的时间才对骑自行车感到舒适。A.nervous紧张的；B.anxious焦虑的；C.sensitive敏感的；D.fortable舒适的。根据上文“Ittookmearoundamonth”可知，作者从最初的不适应到后来的适应花了一个月的时间，故选D项。【4题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，处理荷兰交通的一个有用的技巧是骑车时制造很多噪音。A.trick技巧；B.plan计划；C.tendency倾向；D.instruction指示。根据下文“tomakealotofnoiseasIrode”可知，作者提到了一种应对荷兰交通的方法，那就是一边骑车一边发出很多声音，这算是一种技巧，故选A项。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这使得其他骑车的人远离我，并且避免了一开始看起来不可避免的碰撞。A.cheated欺骗；B.persuaded说服；C.guided引导；D.frightened吓唬。根据下文“intokeepingawayfromme”可知，作者发出的这些噪音会吓走了其他骑自行车的人，也就是提前警告其他骑自行车的人，故选D项。【6题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.races比赛；B.ruins毁灭；C.crashes碰撞；D.petitions竞争。根据上文“intokeepingawayfromme”可知，作者发出声音让路上的行人避让，这是在避免发生碰撞，故选C项。【7题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种挣扎之后是乐趣的模式，在乌特勒支我生活的其他方面也重复出现了。A.followed跟随；B.presented呈现；C.supported支持；D.appreciated感激。根据下文“byfun”可知，经历了一段艰难的时期，之后是快乐的时间，followedby符合语境，故选A项。【8题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有更多的“自行车”我需要学会如何“骑”。A.hesitated犹豫；B.needed需要；C.remembered记得；D.failed失败。根据下文“oneofthemwastimemanagement”可知，作者需要学习新的技能，其中之一是时间管理技能，作者把学习新技能比做是学习骑自行车，他需要学会这些技能，故选B项。【9题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：其中之一是时间管理。A.time时间；B.finance财务；C.business商业；D.personnel人事。根据下文“Idon’tseepeopleworkingextratime”可知，作者提到这里的人们不会加班，也就是人们的时间管理做的很好，故选A项。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在乌特勒支，我没有看到人们在规定时间之外工作。A.special特别的；B.regular定期的；C.extra额外的；D.legal合法的。根据上文“timemanagement”可知，这里的人们时间管理技能非常好，所以他们不需要额外加班，故选C项。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：至于在周末工作，他们忽略了它。A.cancel取消；B.forget忘记；C.make做；D.take拿。根据上文“Idon’tseepeopleworkingextratime”可知，这里的人们平时都不会加班，周末加班更是不可能，forgetit的意思是便是“不要想”，符合语境，故选B项。【12题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最初以为没有人工作得很努力，因为他们的工作时间更短。A.hours小时；B.vacations假期；C.weekdays工作日；D.distances距离。根据第10小题和第11小题可知，荷兰人平时也不加班，至于周末就更不会加班了，所以他们的工作时间较短，故选A项。【13题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是几个月后，我意识到其他博士生在那个八小时工作期间完全专注于他们的工作，而我却不停地“休息”，当我本可