BBC英语六分钟-每天坚持口语Could you be flexitarian

Couldyoubeflexitarian?BBC英语六分钟练起来（2023.03.27）TranscriptNeil

Hello.Thisis6MinuteEnglishI'mNeil.

Catherine

AndI'mCatherine.

Neil

Catherine,areyou

flexitarian?

Catherine

No,I’mnotreallyreligious,Neil.

Neil

It’snotareligion!It’sadiet.Itmeansmainlyeatingplant-basedfoodsandonlyoccasionallyeatingmeat.

Catherine

Oh,Isee,sorry–er,well,Idon'teattoomuchmeatsoI'mkindofonthewaytoflexitarianism.Neil

Somepeopledon’teatmeatfor

ethical

reasons.Thatmeansthatforthemit’swrongtoeatmeat,it’swrongthatanimalsshouldbekilledforourfood.Butoneofthereasonsforbeing

flexitarian

andonlyeatingmeatonceinawhileisforthebenefitoftheplanet.Accordingtoarecentreport,being

flexitarian

ishealthierfortheindividualbutcanalsohelptofightclimatechange.Beforewelookinmoredetailatthistopic,aquestion:Doyoulikepeppers,Catherine?

Catherine

Yes,Ido.Isthatcorrect?

Neil

Well,that'snotthequizquestion!Butthisis.Allpeppersareinthesamefoodgroup.Whatgroupisit?Arepeppers:

a)fruit

b)vegetablesor

c)herbs

Anyideas?

CatherineThisonesoundslikeatrickquestion-butIthinkit’sobviouslyvegetables.Yep?

Neil

Well,you’llhavetowaitabittofindout.I'llhavetheanswerlaterintheprogramme.Now,DrMarcoSpringmannisfromtheUniversityofOxfordandwasoneoftheleadauthorsofamajorreportthatlookedattheglobalfoodsystemandhowitaffectstheclimate.OntheBBCTodayprogrammehetalkedaboutwhatchangeswouldbeneeded.Doeshementionjustonething?

DrMarcoSpringmannWereallyfoundthat

acombinationofmeasures

wouldbeneededtostaywithinenvironmentallimitsandthoseincludechangestowardshealthiermoreplant-baseddiets,

ambitious

technologicalimprovementsandchangesinfarmingmanagement,andareductionoffoodlossandwaste.

NeilSodidhementionjustonething,Catherine?

Catherine

No,notatall.Hesaidthattherewouldneedtobea

combinationofmeasures

whichmeans'avarietyofdifferentactions'includingmovingtoaplant-baseddiet,developingtechnology,changingthewaywefarmandwastinglessfood.

Neil

Hedescribedtheneedfor

ambitious

technologicalimprovements.

Ambitious

heremeansthedevelopmentswillhavetobe'impressive,abovetheordinaryandnotsimple'.DrSpringmannwasaskedifwehadtocompletelyremovemeatfromthefoodthatweeattobehealthy.Whatwashisrecommendation?

DrMarcoSpringmann

Well,welooked…we

surveyedtheliterature

onwhatahealthydietisandaccordingtothat,ifyoutreatitas

aluxury,it’sprobablyOKbutyoushouldn’thavemorethanoneservingofredmeat,whichincludesbeefandpork,perweek.Sothemoreplant-basedyougo,thehealthierandtheloweranenvironmentalimpactitprobablywillbe.

BBCTodayprogrammepresenter

Andlambisjustthesame…

DrMarcoSpringmann

Yes.

Neil

Sodoweneedtocutoutmeatentirely?

Catherine

Hesaysthatwhileaplant-baseddietiscertainlyhealthier,youcouldstillhavesomeredmeatbutonlyonceaweek.

Neil

Yes,hesaidthinkofitasa

luxury.A

luxury

foodisonethatwereallyenjoybutdon’teatveryoften–perhapsbecauseit’sveryexpensiveorrare.

Catherine

Ordeliciousbutverybadforus.Weeatitasatreatbutnoteveryday.Springmannsaysweshouldthinkofredmeatinthesameway.Itshouldn’tbearegularpartofourdiet.

Neil

Howdidhecometothisopinion?Didtheyjustmakeitupthemselvesbecauseitsoundslikeagoodidea?

Catherine

Notatall,Neil.Hesaidthatthey

surveyedtheliterature.Thismeansthataspartoftheirreporttheystudieddifferentscientificresearchthathadpreviouslybeenpublished.Theiradviceisbasedontheevidenceofthoseresearchpapers.

NeilOK.Nowtheanswertoourquizquestion.Iaskedtowhatfoodgroupdopeppersbelong.Wasit:

a)fruit

b)vegetables

c)herbs

Catherine,yousaid?Catherine

Isaidb)vegetables.

Neil

Ohdear,goodtrybutnotright,thanksforplaying.Theanswerisa)fruit.

Catherine

Fruit?Really?

Neil

Yes.Afruitisthepartofplantthatcontainstheseeds–sopeppers,liketomatoes,pumpkins,avocadosandolivesareactuallyfruit.Welldoneifyougotthatoneright.Now,ourvocabulary.Ourfirstwordis

flexitarian.Thisisthetermforadietthatismainlyplant-basedbutcanincludemeatoccasionally.

Catherine

Ournextwordis

ethical.Thisisinthecontextofchoosingnottoeatmeat.Somepeoplearevegetarianbecausetheydon’tlikemeat,somebecausetheywantahealthierdietandsomefor

ethical

reasons.Thismeansthattheirchoiceisbecausetheyfeelitistherightthingtodo.

NeilThenextphrasewas

acombinationofmeasures.Thismeans'takingdifferentactionstoachievesomething',notjustdoingonething.

Catherine

Wethenhad

ambitious.Ifapersonis

ambitious,

itmeansthatthey'wanttogetoninlifeandbesuccessful',but

ambitious

canalsobeusedtodescribeaplanorachievementwhichis'impressiveandabovetheordinary'.

Neil

Thenextphrasewasto

surveytheliterature.Thismeansto'studyandanalysethedifferentscientificresearchonaparticularsubject'.

Catherine

Andfinallywehad

luxury.Whentalkingaboutfood,

aluxury

issomethingthatweonlyeatoccasionallyasaspecialtreatbecauseit’sexpensiveorunhealthybutdelicious.

Neil

Well,I’moffforaplateofdeliciousvegetables.Pleasejoinusnexttimeandwhynotcheckusoutonyourfavouritesocialmediaplatform,onourappandofcoursethewebsite?Goodbye.

CatherineBye!flexitarian

adietbasedoneatingmostlyplant-basedfoodandonlyoccasionallyeatingmeat

ethical

doingsomethingfor

ethical

reasonsmeansdoingitasamoralchoicebecauseyoubelieveitistherightthingtodo

acombinationofmeasures

anumberofdifferentactions

ambitious

impressiveandoutoftheordinary

surveytheliterature

studypreviouslypublishedscientificresearch

aluxury

afoodthatwereallylikebutweonlyhaveitrarelybecauseit’sexpensive,rareand/orbadforourhealth双语版TranscriptHello.Thisis6MinuteEnglish,I'mNeil.大家好。这里是六分钟英语，我是尼尔。AndI'mCatherine.我是凯瑟琳。Catherine,areyouflexitarian?凯瑟琳，你是弹性素食者吗？No,I'mnotreallyreligious,Neil.不，我真的不信仰宗教，尼尔。It'snotareligion!It'sadiet.Itmeansmainlyeatingplant-basedfoodsandonlyoccasionallyeatingmeat.那不是一种宗教信仰。它是一种饮食方式。它指的是主要吃植物性食物，只偶尔吃肉。Oh,Isee.Sorry.Er,well,Idon'teattoomuchmeat,soI'mkindofonthewaytoflexitarianism.噢，明白了。抱歉。额，好吧，我吃肉不太多，所以我有点像是弹性素食主义。Somepeopledon'teatmeatforethicalreasons.Thatmeansthatforthemit'swrongtoeatmeat,it'swrongthatanimalsshouldbekilledforourfood.Butoneofthereasonsforbeingflexitarianandonlyeatingmeatonceinawhileisforthebenefitoftheplanet.Accordingtoarecentreport,beingflexitarianishealthierfortheindividualbutcanalsohelptofightclimatechange.Beforewelookinmoredetailatthistopic,aquestion:Doyoulikepeppers,Catherine?一些人出于道德原因不吃肉。那意味着对他们来说吃肉是错的，杀死动物当做我们食物是错的。但是保持弹性素食，只偶尔吃肉的一个原因是那对地球有益。根据最近一份报告，保持弹性素食不仅对个体来说更健康，它同样能够帮助应对气候变化。但是在我们查找更多关于这个主题的内容之前有一个问题:你喜欢辣椒吗？Yes,Ido.Isthatcorrect?喜欢，我喜欢。回答正确吗？Well,that'snotthequizquestion!Butthisis.Allpeppersareinthesamefoodgroup.Whatgroupisit?Arepeppersfruit?vegetables?herbs?Anyideas?好吧，那不是测试问题！这个才是。所有辣椒处于同一食物类别。它是什么食物类别？辣椒是水果？

蔬菜？草本？有什么想法吗？Thisonesoundslikeatrickquestion,butIthinkit'sobviouslyvegetables.Yep?这个问题听起来像是一个刁钻的问题，但是我觉得很显然是蔬菜。对吗？Well,you'llhavetowaitabittofindout.I'llhavetheanswerlaterintheprogramme.Now,DrMarcoSpringmannisfromtheUniversityofOxfordandwasoneoftheleadauthorsofamajorreportthatlookedattheglobalfoodsystemandhowitaffectstheclimate.OntheBBCTodayprogrammehetalkedaboutwhatchangeswouldbeneeded.Doeshementionjustonething?好的，你得等一会才能找到答案。稍后我将在节目中揭晓答案。马克罗·斯普林曼来自牛津大学，并且是一份重要报告的主要作者之一，该报道研究全球粮食体系以及其如何对气候造成影响。在《今日BBC》节目中，他谈到需要做出什么改变。他只提到了一件事吗？Wereallyfoundthatacombinationofmeasureswouldbeneededtostaywithinenvironmentallimits,andthoseincludechangestowardshealthier,moreplant-baseddiets,ambitioustechnologicalimprovementsandchangesinfarmingmanagement,andareductionoffoodlossandwaste.我们发现真的需要在环境限度内采取一系列措施，而那些就包含有朝着更健康，更植物性饮食方向的改变，技术显著改进，以及改变耕作管理方式以及减少食物损失和浪费。Sodidhementionjustonething,Catherine?所以他只提到了一件事吗，凯瑟琳？No,notatall.Hesaidthattherewouldneedtobeacombinationofmeasureswhichmeans'avarietyofdifferentactions',includingmovingtoaplant-baseddiet,developingtechnology,changingthewaywefarmandwastinglessfood.不，根本不是。他说需要有一系列的措施，那指的是“一系列不同的行动”，包括转为植物性饮食方式，发展技术，改变我们耕作的方式以及减少食物浪费。Hedescribedtheneedforambitioustechnologicalimprovements.Ambitiousheremeansthedevelopmentswillhavetobe'impressive,abovetheordinaryandnotsimple'.DrSpringmannwasaskedifwehadtocompletelyremovemeatfromthefoodthatweeattobehealthy.Whatwashisrecommendation?他描述称需要技术显著改进。“Ambitious”在这里指的是发展将必须是“令人印象深刻的，超乎寻常，并且不是简简单单的”。斯普林曼博士被问到为了保持健康，我们是否必须完全将肉类从我们所吃食物中剔除。他的建议是什么？Well,welooked...wesurveyedtheliteratureonwhatahealthydietisandaccordingtothat,ifyoutreatitasaluxury,it'sprobablyOK.Butyoushouldn'thavemorethanoneservingofredmeat,whichincludesbeefandpork,perweek.Sothemoreplant-basedyougo,thehealthierandtheloweranenvironmentalimpactitprobablywillbe.好吧，我们查找……调查关于什么是健康饮食的文献资料，而且根据文献资料，如果你把它当做奢饰品对待，它或许还可以。但是每周食用红肉不应该超过一次，红肉包括牛肉和猪肉。所以你植物性食物吃得越多，你就会越健康，对环境可能会造成的影响越低。Andlambisjustthesame?羊肉也是一样的吗？Yes.是的。Sodoweneedtocutoutmeatentirely?所以我们需要完全不吃肉吗？Hesaysthatwhileaplant-baseddietiscertainlyhealthier,youcouldstillhavesomeredmeatbutonlyonceaweek.他说尽管植物性饮食方式确实更健康，你仍能够吃一些红肉，但是一周仅一次。Yes,hesaidthinkofitasaluxury.Aluxuryfoodisonethatwereallyenjoybutdon'teatveryoften.Perhapsbecauseit'sveryexpensiveorrare.是的，他说把它当成一件奢饰品。奢侈的食物是我们真的很享受，但是并不经常吃的东西。或许因为它很贵或者很罕见。Ordeliciousbutverybadforus.Weeatitasatreatbutnoteveryday.Springmannsaysweshouldthinkofredmeatinthesameway.Itshouldn'tbearegularpartofourdiet.或者是很美味但对我们非常有害。我们把它当做一顿美餐吃，但是并不是每天都吃。斯普林曼说我们应该以同样的方式看待红肉。它不应该是我们饮食中的常见部分。Howdidhecometothisopinion?Didtheyjustmakeitupthemselvesbecauseitsoundslikeagoodidea?他是怎么得出这个观点的？他们因为这听起来像是一个好主意就自己编造出来的吗？Notatall,Neil.Hesaidthattheysurveyedtheliterature.Thismeansthataspartoftheirreporttheystudieddifferentscientificresearchthathadpreviouslybeenpublished.Theiradviceisbasedontheevidenceofthoseresearchpapers.根本不是，尼尔。他说他们调查了文献资料。这指的是作为报告的一部分，他们研究了之前发表过的不同的科研成果。他们的建议是基于这些科研论文所提供的证据。OK.Nowtheanswertoourquizquestion.Iaskedtowhatfoodgroupdopeppersbelong.Wasit:a)fruitb)vegetablesc)herbs?Catherine,yousaid?好的。现在揭晓我们测试问题的答案。我问辣椒属于哪个食物种类？是a)水果b)蔬菜c)草本？凯瑟琳，你说是？Isaidb)vegetables.我说是b)蔬菜。Ohdear,goodtrybutnotright,thanksforplaying.Theanswerisa)fruit.噢，亲爱的，很好的尝试但是不对，感谢参与。答案是a)水果。Fruit?Really?水果？真的吗？Yes.Afruitisthepartofplantthatcontainstheseeds.Sopeppers,liketomatoes,pumpkins,avocadosandolivesareactuallyfruit.Welldoneifyougotthatoneright.Now,ourvocabulary.Ourfirstwordisflexitarian.Thisisthetermforadietthatismainlyplant-basedbutcanincludemeatoccasionally.是的。水果是含有种子的那部分植物。所以辣椒，还有像是西红柿，南瓜，牛油果，橄榄事实上都是水果。如果你答对了那你很棒啊。现在是我们的词汇了。我们第一个单词是“弹性素食”。这是一个术语，用来形容主要吃植物性食物，偶尔包含一些肉类的饮食方式。Ournextwordisethical.Thisisinthecontextofchoos