人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册复习学案 UNIT 2 HEALTHY LIFESTYLE

UNIT2HEALTHYLIFESTYLE基础默写Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形1.abusen.&vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂2.facilitatevt.促进；促使；使便利3.negativeadj.消极的；有害的；否定的4.disciplinen.自制力；纪律；学科vt.自我控制；严格要求（自己）；管教5.pilln.药丸；药片6.deletevt.删去；删除7.shavevi.，vt.&n.剃（须发）；刮脸8.skipvt.跳过；不参加vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走n.蹦跳9.dizzyadj.头晕目眩的10.monthlyadv.&adj.每月；每月一次的n.月刊11.enhancevt.提高；增强；增进Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变1.alcoholn.酒；酒精→alcoholicadj.酒精的2.physicaladj.身体的；客观存在的；物理学的→physicallyadv.根本上；身体上→physicsn.物理学→physicistn.物理学家3.dominatevt.&vi.支配；控制；占有优势→dominantadj.占优势的；首要的；占支配地位的4.repeatvt.重复→repeatedadj.重复的→repeatedlyadv.重复地→repetitionn.重复5.psychologyn.心理学；心理；心理影响→psychologicaladj.心理的；精神上的；心理学的→psychologistn.心理学家6.rewardvt.奖励；给予报酬n.奖励；报酬→rewardingadj.有益的；报酬高的7.relyvi.依赖；依靠；信赖→reliableadj.可靠的；可信赖的→reliablyadv.可靠地；可信赖地8.examinevt.（仔细）检查；审查；测验→examinationn.检查；审查；调查9.composevt.&vi.组成；作曲；撰写→compositionn.组成；作文；作曲→composern.作曲者10.disturbvt.打扰；搅乱；使烦恼→disturbedadj.烦恼的→disturbingadj.引起烦恼的；令人不安的→disturbancen.打扰11.specialadj.特别的；特设的→speciallyadv.特别地；专门地→specialistn.专科医生；专家→specializevi.专门研究（或从事）12.consultvt.咨询；请教；商量→consultantn.顾问；高级顾问医师13.sugarn.糖→sugaryadj.含糖的；甜的14.refreshvt.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新→refreshingadj.令人振奋的→refreshmentn.焕发精神；茶点15.absorbvt.吸引全部注意力；吸收→absorbedadj.专心致志的；全神贯注的→absorbingadj.非常有趣的；引人入胜的Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意1.tobaccon.烟草；烟叶2.cuen.提示；暗示；信号vt.给（某人）暗示（或提示）3.pessimisticadj.悲观的；悲观主义的4.surgeonn.外科医生5.surgeryn.外科手术；外科学6.liberationn.解放；摆脱7.stimulatevt.激发；促进；刺激8.nutn.坚果9.dynamicadj.充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配1.formahabitof养成……的习惯2.inresponseto回答；答复3.relyon依赖；依靠；信赖4.straightaway立即；马上5.decideon决定；选定6.makeupone’smind下定决心7.becomposedof由……组成（或构成）的8.shaveoff剃掉；刮去9.stressedout焦虑不安；心力交瘁10.wornout筋疲力尽的；疲惫的11.beaddictedto对……有瘾12.beaccustomedto习惯于……13.buildupone’sbody增强某人的体质14.keepfit保持健康Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用1.Thesebadhabits，ifleftunchecked，couldleadtomoreseriousoneswhentheybecomeadults.（状语从句的省略）这些不良习惯，如果任其发展，在他们长大成人后，可能会导致更为严重的有害习惯。2.Thegoodnewsisthatwecanchange，ifweunderstandhowhabitswork.（that引导的表语从句）好消息是，如果我们了解习惯是如何运作的，我们就可以作出改变。3.Neithertoomuchnortoolittleisgood.（neither...nor...）太多或太少都不好。4.IgotsoabsorbedthatIplayedthegamesdayandnight.（so...that...）我太入迷了，以至于日夜都在玩游戏。语境自测Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）1.Thenewtradeagreementshouldfacilitate（促进）morerapideconomicgrowth.2.Consideringthesenegative（负面的）effectslowgravityhasonthehumanbody，astronautsdiscipline（严格要求）themselvestodoatleasttwohoursofexerciseeveryday.3.Peoplewhoabusetheirpoweratwillaresuretobepunishedsoonerorlater.4.Thedoctorsaidthatyoumightfeelsleepyaftertakingthesepills.5.Weshouldformthehabitofbackingourfilesupincasewedeletethembymistake.6.Thisisagoodopportunitytoenhancethereputationofthecompanyacrossthecountryandfurtherincreaseitsshareofthemarket.Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Thebookwassoabsorbingthatshewastotallyabsorbedinit.（absorb）2.Thephysicisthasbeeninterestedinphysicssincechildhoodandhasovercomelotsofphysicaldifficulties，forheisphysicallydisabled.（physical）3.Thecompanywantedhimtobetheirconsultant，butherefusedafterheconsultedwithhisfriends.（consult）4.YoucanalwaysrelyonPeter，areliablefriendwhoisalwaysthereforyou.（rely）5.AspecialistinpsychologywillattendthemeetingandmakeaspecialspeechforusonWednesday.（special）6.Peoplewerealldisturbedbythedisturbingfactsthenewspaperreportedyesterday.（disturb）7.Thisexperienceisrewardingnotonlyforitsrewards，butalsofortheteamspiritwegainedfromit.（reward）8.Hemissedthegoalrepeatedlyatthebeginning；however，therepetitionofaimingenabledhimtoperfecthistechnique.（repeat）Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子inresponseto relyon stressedoutbeaccustomedto straightaway1.Afterseeingthedepressedexpressiononhisface，Iknewstraightawaythatsomethingbadhadhappened.2.Itwassometimebeforethedooropenedinresponsetohisring.3.Heisaccustomedtorisingearlyanddoingsomeexerciseinthemorningeveryday.4.YoumayrelyonitthatHaileywillcomeandhelpuswhenweareinneed.5.Thereformofeducationaimstoresolvetheproblemthatmanystudentsareoverburdenedandstressedout，havingtocopewithtoomuchwork.Ⅳ.句式仿写1.当被问到为什么迟到时，他保持沉默。（状语从句的省略）Whenaskedwhyhewaslate，hekeptsilent.2.应该特别注意的是，塑料和废旧电池等有害物品不应与其他垃圾混合。（that引导的表语从句）Whatshouldbepaidspecialattentiontoisthatsuchharmfulitemsasplasticsandusedbatteriesshouldnotbemixedwithotherwastes.3.他们发现的洞穴不大也不小，对两个人来说足够温暖舒适。（neither...nor...）Thecavetheyfoundwasneitherbignorsmall，cosyenoughfortwopersons.4.看到奶奶，阿里高兴得热泪盈眶。（so...that...）Aliwassohappytoseehisgrandmotherthattearsofjoywereshininginhiseyes.1.It’seasyforteenagerstoformbadhabitswhichhavenegativeimpactsontheirphysicalandmentalhealth，sopreventingharmfulhabitsisimportant.Asthesayinggoes，"Wearewhatwerepeatedlydo，"whichisindicatedintheconceptof"habitcycle"inmodernpsychology.Thenhowdoesthe"habitcycle"work？Firstly，thereisa"cue"asasignal.Thenthereisa"routine"inresponsetothecue.Finally，thereisthe"reward"，thegoodthingwegetfromtheroutinestimulatinganotherrepetitionofthecycle.Tofacilitateapositivechangetobadhabits，wemustexamineourbadhabitcycles，decideonwhatchangeswillbemadeandtrytoadjustthem.Remembernottobepessimisticifyoudon’tsucceedstraightaway.Afterall，thereisno"magicpill"ordeletebutton！2.Igotsoabsorbedinmobilegamesbefore，anotheraddictivethingotherthanalcoholandcigarettesaccordingtospecialists，thatIoftenfeltdizzyandwornoutsinceIalsohadtokeepupwithmyschoolwork.Therefore，Imadeupmymindtochangeandrefreshmyselfthen.First，Iarrangedthetimeusedonmymobilephonereasonably，insteadofrelyingonmyparentstoenhancemydiscipline.Second，Iturnedtodifferentactivitiesinsparetime，likeskateboarding，bowling，swimming，andwatchingcomedies，sinceahealthylifeiscomposedofmanyparts.Withtheliberationfrommobilegames，adynamicstudenthascomeback.1rewardn.回报；奖励；报酬vt.奖励；奖赏；给以报酬1.[人教选必①－3]Itisbothchallengingandrewarding（reward）tostudyabroad.2.Thebabyrewardedhismotherwithasmileforsingingtohim.3.Itisunfairthatthespecialistgetsverylittleinrewardforhishardwork.注意inrewardfor中，reward前没有冠词，而asarewardfor中，reward前有冠词a。4.无论谁找到钱包，在他/她归还它的那一刻，就一定会得到50元的报酬。Whoeverfindsthewalletisguaranteed/sure/certain/boundtoberewardedwith50yuanthemomenthe/shereturnsit.★asareward（for）作为（对……的）报酬/奖赏inreward（for）作为（对……的）报答★rewardsb.withsth.for（doing）sth.为（做）某事而用某物酬谢某人★rewardingadj.值得做的；有益的；报酬高的2composevt.&vi.作曲vt.组成；撰写；使镇静1.[北师必修③－7]He（Beethoven）isregardedasoneofthegreatestcomposers（compose）inthehistoryofmusic.注意空处除了要使用名词外，还因空前有oneof，要变复数。2.周五晚上关于心理学的讲座由三部分组成。 （通知）→①ThreepartscomposethelectureonpsychologyonFridaynight.→②ThelectureonpsychologyonFridaynightiscomposedof/consistsof/ismadeupof/iscomprisedofthreeparts.注意consistof直接以主动形式表示"由……组成"。★becomposedof（＝consistof/bemadeupof/becomprisedof）由……组成★compositionn.作曲；创作；作品；作文；组成★composern.作曲家3refreshvt.使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新；使想起1.结合语境写出下列句子中画线部分的含义①[译林选必④－4]Thisisnottosuggestthatthereisnoneedforyoutostudyinschoolbuttoacknowledgethatrefreshingyourknowledgethroughlifelonglearningisbothessentialandbeneficial.刷新acknowledge在此处意为"承认"，后接了一个宾语从句，宾语从句中refreshingyourknowledge是动名词短语作主语。②Acoolshowerrefreshedhimstraightawayafteralongtravelintheburningsun. 使凉爽，使恢复精力③Theoldmanhadtorefreshhismemoryoftheregularphysicalexaminationbylookingathisnotemonthly. 使想起2.[译林选必④－3]Getagoodnight’srestsothatyoufeelandlookrefreshed（refresh）.3.Whilewaitingforthetrafficlights，Irolleddownthewindowtorefreshmyselfwithfreshair（用新鲜空气来提神）. （读后续写之细节描写）★refreshoneself（withsth.）（用……）提神refreshone’smemory唤起某人的记忆★refreshedadj.精神振作的refreshingadj.令人耳目一新的；使人精力充沛的refreshmentn.恢复活力；食物和饮料；[pl.]（会议或旅行等期间提供的）茶点4absorbvt.吸引全部注意力；吸收；理解，掌握；使并入；减轻作用；耗费4.[外研必修②－4]BecauseIthoughtballetwasmoreorlessthesameeverywhere，Iwastotallyunpreparedforitsuniquebeauty.Assoonasthecurtainrose，Iwasabsorbed（absorb）.5.[译林选必④－2]TheEnglish-speakingcommunitydoesnothesitateaboutabsorbingforeignwordsintoitsdailyvocabulary.6.[外研选必②－5]Producersabsorbwateranddissolvednutrientsfromthesoil.Theyalsomaketheirownfoodbyabsorbinglightfromthesun.句意：生产者从土壤中吸收水分和溶解的养分。它们还通过吸收太阳光来制造自己的食物。这里producer指生物学中的"生产者"，指的是能用简单的无机物合成有机物的自养型生物。7.露西倚着一棵大树，正在专心致志地读书，这时一只小兔子从草丛里蹦了出来。（读后续写之场景描写）Leaningagainstabigtree，Lucywasabsorbedinreadingwhenalittlerabbitpoppedoutfromthegrass.（absorbed）表示"集中注意力于/全神贯注于……"的还有：concentrate（one’smind/attention）on，beburied/lostin，keepone’smindon，focus/fixone’smind/attentionon，loseoneselfin/buryoneselfin，payattentionto。★absorb...from...从……中吸收……o...把……吸收进……★absorbedadj.被……吸引住的；全神贯注的beabsorbedin全神贯注于★absorbingadj.十分吸引人的5relyon/upon依赖；依靠；信赖；指望（depend/counton/upon）1.[译林选必①－2]Myhostfamilyarebigfansofcountrymusic，soIcanalwaysrelyonthemtointroduce（introduce）metosomegreatsongs.2.[译林选必④－1]ButIknowJimmywillmeetmehereifhe’salive，forhealwayswasthetruestandmostreliable（rely）fellowintheworld.由空前与空处并列的truest可知，空处也应用形容词的最高级形式。3.每当我学英语有困难时，我都相信你能给我一些建议。（感谢信）→①IcanrelyonyoutooffermesomeadvicewheneverI’mintroublewithmyEnglish.（不定式）→②IcanrelyonitthatyouwilloffermesomeadvicewheneverI’mintroublewithmyEnglish.（it作形式宾语）★relyon/upon...for...依靠……获得……relyon...todosth.依靠/相信……做某事relyonitthat...相信/指望……★reliableadj.可信赖的；真实可信的6decideon决定；选定1.[译林选必④－3]Youmayhaveabrilliantidea，butbeforeyoudecidetoput（put）itintoaction，itiswisetoweighuptheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthisoption.2.[人教选必④－5]Isitessentialthatteenagersdecideon/uponacareerbeforetheybecomeadults？3.Thegrowingpressureofthecrisismaymeanthatthemomentofdecision（decide）can’tbetoolongdelayed.4.检查面试地址，决定使用何种交通方式，并为交通延误留出额外时间。 （建议信）Checktheaddressoftheinterview，decidewhat（modeof）transport/transportationtouseandallowextratimefortrafficdelays.★decidetodosth.决定做某事decideon/upon决定；选定decidebetweenAandB在A和B之间作出抉择decide＋特殊疑问句＋todo决定……★decisionn.决定；作决定；决断（力）undecidedadj.未作出决定的；犹豫不决的7makeupone’smind下定决心1.[人教选必①－5]Whethertheycanliveahealthylifeisthefirstthingtheyareconsidering.Sotheyhavemadeuptheirmindstomove（move）tothecountryside，wheretheycanliveagreenlife.2.Integrityandhonestyarewordsthat/whichcome/springtomind（突然想到）whentalkingoftheman.3.Shecouldn’tkeep/fix/concentratehermindonherschoolwork（无法把注意力集中在功课上），withloudcheersoutsidedisturbingherconstantly.4.[译林选必①－1]Themooncakeisalwaysmyfavouritebecauseofitssatisfyingtastethatisoutofthisworldandthehappymemoriesitbringstomind（它唤起的美好回忆）.（中国文化）短语"bring...tomind"的主语是人时，意为"想起，记起"，主语是物时，意为"使想起，使记起"。当"bring"后的宾语过长时，通常将其放在短语后面以避免头重脚轻。例如：ThepaintingbringstomindsomeofPicasso’searlyworks.这幅油画使人想起了毕加索早期的作品。5.[外研必修①－4]但我们需要记住，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是关于一个人的全部真相。Butweneedtokeep/bearinmindthatwhatweseeonsocialmediaisoftennotthewholetruthaboutaperson.★makeupone’smindtodosth.下定决心做某事★changeone’smind改变主意keep/bear...inmind（keep/bearinmindthat...）记住……keep/fix/concentrateone’smindon全神贯注于……sth.comes/springstomind突然想到bring/call...tomind（使）想起……8either...or.../neither...nor...或者……或者……/既不……也不……1.[外研必修③－3]However，neitherthestorynorthedetailsoftheexperimentare（be）entirelytrue.AlthoughithasbeenprovedthatFranklin’sexperimenttookplace，morethanonescientisthasquestionedwhatreallyhappened.neither...nor...连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词的数按"就近原则"确定。thedetailsoftheexperiment表示复数，故谓语应用复数形式，又根据第二句的时态可知，空处也应用现在时，故填are。2.[外研选必④－2]AlthoughtheytryveryhardtofindtheBlueBird，thebirdstheyfindeitherchangecolourordie.either...or.../neither...nor...还可连接两个并列的动词或分句。3.Tomdidn’tgotothecinemayesterdayatlast.Mikedidn’t，either.→NeitherTomnorMikewenttothecinemayesterdayatlast.（neither...nor...）4.如果你需要更多信息，你可以通过邮件或电话联系我。（告知信）Ifyouneedmoreinformation，youcancontactmeeitherbyemailorbyphone.★either...or.../neither...nor...为并列连词，连接两个并列成分。连接两个并列的主语时，谓语动词的数按"就近原则"确定。9状语从句的省略1.Thoughfrightened（frighten），thecalfgatheredallherstrengthtogetupbutslippedoverandoveragain. （读后续写之动作描写）本句中由Though引导的让步状语从句若补充完整，为Thoughshewasfrightened，从句主语与主句主语thecalf一致，且从句中含有be动词was，故从句可省略shewas。2.Whenadapting（adapt）theplay，weranintosomedifficulties.本句中由When引导的时间状语从句若补充完整，为Whenwewereadaptingtheplay，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词were，故从句可省略wewere。3.我永远不会忘记自己面对那次事故中的伤员时那种无力的感觉。Iwouldneverforgetthefeelingofpowerlessnesswhenfacedwith/facingtheinjuredinthataccident.（face）"面对，面临某人或某事物"可用facesb./sth.，也可用befacedwithsb./sth.。★省略条件：状语从句中的主语是it或者与主句主语一致，且从句谓语中含有be动词。★省略形式：省略从句中的it或主语以及be动词。后缀-ly本单元：month（月）＋-ly（按……）→monthly（按月来算→每月的，按月的）拓展：1.[北师必修③－9]Thismeanstimely（time）reviewduringthisperiod，withafewrevisitstowhatislearnt，cansignificantlyhelpustoremembertheinformation.句意：这意味着在这段时间内及时复习，对所学内容重看几次，可以大大帮助我们记住信息。分析句子结构可知，means后跟宾语从句，"（time）reviewduringthisperiod"为宾语从句的主语。空处位于名词review前，故应用形容词。time"时间"，-ly"……的"，timely→时间的→及时的。2.[2021新高考Ⅰ]Thestaffisfriendly（friend）andhelpful，providingyouwithamapofthecitywhenyouarrive，andofferingadviceifyourequiresome.3.[人教选必①－2]Yourhomewillalsolearnyourdaily（day）routineandpreferences，soeverythingwillbereadyforyouwhenyougethomeeachevening.day"天，日"，－ly"按……"，daily→按天来算→每日的；按日的。4.[人教必修③－3]Iwalkedaroundlookingatthestreetartforafewhours.Itwasquitemodernandlively（live）.liveadj.活的/v.活，ly"像……的"，lively→像活的一样→活泼的。注意：通常情况下，n.＋-ly→adj.，adj.＋-ly→adv.。但有些形容词或动词后加-ly，也可变为形容词。类似的还有：lonely"孤独的"，deadly"致命的"，likely"可能的"，costly"花费大的"，等等。5.[人教选必②-1]Askingquestionscanhelpyouunderstandthecontent.Itcanalsohelpyouthinkmoredeeply（deep）aboutthetopic.deep也可以作副词，表示"至深处"，deeply表示"深刻地；非常；至深处"。根据语境，此处应用deeply。一般来说，若一个单词带不带-ly都可作副词，不带-ly的副词多表示原义，而带-ly的副词多表示引申的含义。几组常见易混的带-ly和不带-ly的副词：late"迟，晚"，lately"近来"；hard"努力地，费力地"，hardly"几乎不"；last"最后；最近"，lastly"（几项中）最后一点；（一系列动作或事件中）最后"。Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配1.[2023全国甲]Aday’sworkwasrewardedwith￡5inpocketmoney.2.[2022新高考Ⅰ]Doyouwanttobeabetterathleteinyourfavoritesport？Ordoyoujustwanttobephysically（physical）fit，abletomovewithstrengthandflexibility？3.[2022浙江1月]Fornearlyadecadenow，Merebethhasbeenaself-employedpettransportspecialist（special）.4.[2022浙江1月]Afterlongdiscussionswesomehowagreedtodoastudyonthepsychological（psychology）well-beingofteenagers.注意空后的well-being为名词，意为"健康，安乐"。5.[2021全国乙]Still，55percentofAustralianshavealandline（座机）phoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter（29％）relyonlyontheirsmartphones，accordingtoasurvey（调查）.6.[北京高考]Noteveryoneactsthesameinresponsetoevents，andthatiswhywhattriggersonepersonmayormaynottriggeranother.7.[全国Ⅰ]Whenthecontainerisfull，youcansucktherefreshment（refresh）outthroughthetube，andwon’thavetobreakdownthestill（蒸馏器）everytimeyouneedadrink.句意：当容器装满（水）时，你可以通过管子把水吸出来，这样就不必在每次需要喝水的时候都破坏蒸馏器了。refreshment泛指"食物"或"饮料"时为不可数名词，指"（会议或旅行等期间提供的）茶点"时，常用复数形式。8.[浙江高考]Thatyoungmanishonest，cooperative，alwaystherewhenyouneedhishelp.Inshort，he’sreliable（rely）.9.[全国Ⅰ]Ourmonthly（month）talksstartat19：30onthefirstThursdayofeachmonthexceptAugust.Ⅱ.阅读理解——一词多义、熟词生义1.A.v.吸收 B.adj.全神贯注的C.v.理解，掌握①[2020新高考Ⅰ]Infact，mostpeopleonlyabsorbabout20percentofaspeaker’smessage. C②[全国Ⅰ]Ittakessunscreenaboutfifteenminutestostartworking，andthat’splentyoftimeforyourskintoabsorbaday’sworthofVitaminD. A③[全国Ⅱ]ThesekidsaresoabsorbedintheirstudiesthatIjustsitback.Idon’tteach. B2.[2021天津]Shehadtotaketimetodisciplineherdaughter. v.管教discipline作名词还可表示"纪律；自制力；学科"。如：☆Theschoolhasareputationforhighstandardsofdiscipline.这所学校因纪律严格而闻名遐迩。☆He’llnevergetanywhereworkingforhimself─he’sgotnodiscipline.他为自己工作是不会有什么成就的——他毫无自制力。☆Toanswerthesequestions，Brookssurveysawiderangeofdisciplines.为了回答这些问题，布鲁克斯调查了非常多学科。3.[2020江苏]Beforeoneoftheseworkouts，themenskippedbreakfast，meaningthattheyexercisedonacompletelyemptystomachafteralongovernightfast（禁食）.v.不做（应做的事等）；不参加句意：在其中一次这样的锻炼之前，这些人不吃早餐，这意味着他们在通宵禁食后完全空腹锻炼。Before引出时间状语，meaning...是现在分词作状语，其中包含一个that引导的宾语从句。skip作动词，意思较多：蹦跳；跳（绳）；略过；快速转移（话题）；悄悄溜走；打水漂。4.[江苏高考]Ifyouwanttodisturbthecarindustry，you’dbetterhaveafewbilliondollars：Mom-and-popcarmakersareunlikelytobeatthebiggestcarcompanies. v.搅乱mom-and-popadj.（商店或企业）夫妻（或家庭）经营的。disturb熟义为"打扰"，除此之外，还有"使焦虑，使不安，使烦恼"之意。如：Thelettershockedanddisturbedme.这封信使我感到震惊和不安。5.[江苏高考]IntestsconductedbyTomasello，thehumanchildrendidnobetterthanthechimps（黑猩猩）onthephysicalworldtestsbutwereconsiderablybetteratunderstandingthesocialworld. adj.客观存在的，物质的句意：在托马塞洛进行的测试中，人类儿童在客观世界测试中的表现并不比黑猩猩好，但在理解社会世界方面明显表现得更好。physicalworld与socialworld相对应。physical熟义为"身体的"，除此之外还有"物理学的"意思，如：physicallaws"物理定律"。Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写写作一基础写作——越野赛跑活动报道[2020新高考Ⅰ]假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了5公里越野赛跑活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.参加人员；2.跑步路线：从校门口到南山脚下；3.活动反响。◎写作要点1.为了让我们学生振奋起来，激发我们对运动的兴趣，我们学校上周日组织了一场5公里越野赛跑。（refresh，stimulate）Inordertorefreshusstudentsandstimulateourinterestinexercise，ourschoolorganizeda5kmcross-countryracelastSunday.2.来自20个班级的90名学生报名了比赛，其中30名是女生，没有一人逃赛。（skip）Ninetystudentsfromtwentyclasses，ofwhomthirtyweregirls，enteredfortherace，andnoneofthemskippedit.3.早上9点，参赛者们一接到信号就从学校门口出发了，经过人民公园，最后到达了南山脚下，疲惫不堪，但很开心。（wornout）Atnineo’clockinthemorning，theparticipantssetoutfromtheschoolgateassoonastheyreceivedthesignal，throughtheRenminPark，andfinallyarrivedatthefootofNanshanMountain，wornoutbuthappy.4.比赛很有意义，不仅提高了我们的身体和心理素质，而且帮助我们树立了积极的生活态度。（rewarding，physical，psychological）Theracewasrewarding，notonlyimprovingourphysicalandpsychologicalqualities，butalsohelpingusbuildapositiveattitudetowardslife.◎连句成篇请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。ACross-CountryRunningRaceInordertorefreshusstudentsandstimulateourinterestinexercise，ourschoolorganizeda5kmcross-countryracelastSunday.Ninetystudentsfromtwentyclasses，ofwhomthirtyweregirls，enteredfortherace，andnoneofthemskippedit.Atnineo’clockinthemorning，theparticipantssetoutfromtheschoolgateassoonastheyreceivedthesignal，throughtheRenminPark，andfinallyarrivedatthefootofNanshanMountain，wornoutbuthappy.Allofusagreedthattheracewasrewarding，notonlyimprovingourphysicalandpsychologicalqualities，butalsohelpingusbuildapositiveattitudetowardslife.Therefore，wedohopethattheschoolwillholdmoresimilaractivitiesinthefuture.写作二读后续写——动作描写之各种"笑"积累背诵仿写运用单词smile，laugh，grin咧嘴笑，giggle咯咯地笑，chuckle轻声地笑根据左栏素材完成下列各句1."我成功了。"我高兴地喊道，然后转过身来，对姐姐报以温暖的微笑。"Imadeit，"Icriedindelightandturnedaround，castingawarmsmileatmysister.（现在分词作状语）2.老师尽管对这个结果很失望，但还是勉强露出一丝微笑。Althoughtheteacherwasdisappointedattheresult，hestillforced/squeezedasmile.3.他用方言讲了个笑话，逗得大家哈哈大笑。Hetoldajokeindialect，makingeveryoneroarwithlaughter.（现在分词作状语）4.听到我们队赢得了比赛，教练笑得合不拢嘴。Hearingthatourteamwonthematch，ourcoachgrinned/smiledfromeartoear.5.当意识到我们有多么傻的时候我们都笑得浑身直抖。Weallshookwithlaughterwhenwerealizedhowstupidwe’dbeen.词组1.grin/smilefromeartoear笑得合不拢嘴2.force/squeezeasmile勉强露出一丝微笑3.castasmileatsb.向某人微笑4.abright/bigsmile/grin灿烂的笑容5.laughone’sheadoff狂笑不已6.burstintolaughter突然大笑7.roarwithlaughter放声大笑8.shakewithlaughter笑得浑身直抖佳句1.Shewasrelievedtoseehisfacelightupwithaboyishgrin.看到他脸上现出孩子气的笑容，她总算松了口气。2.Theaudienceroaredwithlaughteratthecomedians’jokes.观众们被喜剧演员的笑话逗得哈哈大笑。3.WhenIwalkedpasther，sheflashedashysmileatmewithoutsayinganything.我从她旁边走过时，她羞怯地朝我一笑，什么也没说。一、阅读理解A[健康意识/2023甘肃兰州一诊]Ministerswillofferrewardssuchasclothesvouchers（票券）anddiscountedthemeparkticketsinreturnforexercisingandeatinghealthily，underplanstosolveBritain’sobesitycrisis.Theanti-obesityproject，whichusesanapptohelppeoplemakechangestotheirdietandphysicalactivity，willlaunchnextyear，initiallyinapilot（试验性的）project.ParticipantswillwearFitbit-styledevicesthatcangeneratepersonalizedhealthrecommendations，suchasincreasingtheirstepcount，eatingmorefruitandvegetablesandreducingportion（分量）size.Thoseincreasingtheirexercisebytakingpartinorganizedeventssuchasparkrunsorwalkingtoschoolorworkmayaccumulateextrapointsintheapp.Theappcouldalsobeusedtomonitorsupermarketspending，rewardingthosewhocuttheircalorieintakeandbuyhealthieroptions.Participantswillcollectpointsfortheirhealthybehaviors，whichwillunlockrewardsthatcouldincludegympasses，clothesorfoodvouchersanddiscountsforshops，cinemaorthemeparktickets.Afteracompetitivetender（投标）process，HeadUphasbeenchosentodelivertheproject，with3millionpoundscomingfromtheDepartmentofHealthandSocialCaretoprovideincentivesinthepilot.Evidencesuggestsfinancialincentivescanimproveratesofphysicalactivityandinspirehealthiereating.HeadUpwillworkwitharangeoforganizationstoproviderewardssuchasvouchers，discountsandgiftcards.SajidJavid，thehealthsecretary，said："Thisnewpilotwillpavethewayfordevelopinginnovativewaystoimprovethelivesofindividuals，andalsohelptoreducestressontheNationalHealthService.Thispilotisanexcellentopportunitytofindhowbesttoinspirepeopletomakesmallchangestotheirdailylivesthatwillhavealastingpositiveimpactontheirhealth."为了解决英国社会的肥胖危机，英国政府推出了反肥胖运动。1.What’sthepurposeofintroducingtheanti-obesityproject？A.Toprotectpeople’shealth.B.Tohelppeoplesavemoney.C.Toencourageresearchineducation.D.Tofindacureforobesity-relatedillnesses.解析A细节理解题。由第一段"Ministerswilloffer...planstosolveBritain’sobesitycrisis"和第二段中的"usesanapptohelppeoplemakechangestotheirdietandphysicalactivity"可以看出，反肥胖运动是为了解决英国社会的肥胖危机，保障人民身体健康，故A项正确。2.Whatcanweknowfromthesecondparagraph？A.Theprojecthasbeenproventobeverysuccessful.B.Participantswillunlocktherewardsbyusingtheapp.C.Participantswillberewardediftheyliveahealthylifestyle.D.ParticipantswillloseweightwhentheywearFitbit-styledevices.解析C细节理解题。由第二段中的"rewardingthosewhocuttheircalorieintakeandbuyhealthieroptions.Participantswillcollectpointsfortheirhealthybehaviors，whichwillunlockrewards...tickets"可知，如果参与者减少卡路里摄入、购买更健康的食品，也就是有一个健康的生活方式，他们就可以获得各种形式的奖励和积分，故C项正确。3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"incentives"inParagraph3probablymean？A.Data. B.Suggestions.C.Rewards. D.Products.解析C词义猜测题。由画线词前面的"with3millionpoundscomingfromtheDepartmentofHealthandSocialCare"和第二段的内容可知，卫生与社会保障部会投资300万英镑来奖励那些采用健康生活方式的参与者，因此画线词incentives应表示"奖励，鼓励"，故C项与画线词在意义上最为接近。4.What’sSajidJavid’sattitudetowardstheanti-obesityproject？A.Negative. B.Positive.C.Indifferent. D.Notclear.解析B态度推断题。由最后一段中SajidJavid所说的话"Thisnewpilotwillpavethewayfordevelopinginnovativewaystoimprovethelives...helptoreducestress...Thispilotisanexcellentopportunity...positiveimpactontheirhealth"可以看出，SajidJavid对反肥胖运动持积极的态度，故B项正确。B[2024贵州贵阳摸底]OnerecentreportfoundthatadultsintheUSchecktheirphones，onaverage，344timesaday—onceeveryfourminutes—andspendalmostthreehoursadayontheirdevicesintotal.Theproblemformanyofusisthatonequickphone-relatedtaskleadstoaquickcheckofouremailorsocialmediafeeds，andsuddenlywe’vebeentrappedintoendlessscrolling（刷屏）.Whatwedoknowisthatthesimpledistractionofcheckingaphoneorseeinganotification（通知）canhavenegativeconsequences.Thisisn’tverysurprising；weknowthat，ingeneral，multitaskingharmsmemoryandperformance.Oneofthemostdangerousexamplesisphoneusewhiledriving.Onestudyfoundthatmerelyspeakingonthephone，nottexting，wasenoughtomakedriversslowertoreactontheroad.It’strueforeverydaytasks，too.Simplyhearinganotification"ding"madeparticipantsofanotherstudyperformfarworseonatask—almostasbadlyasparticipantswhowerespeakingortextingonthephoneduringthetask.Inonerecentstudy，forexample，researchersaskedparticipantstoeitherputtheirphonesnexttothemsotheywerevisible（likeonadesk），nearbyandoutofsight（likeinabagorpocket），orinanotherroom.Participantsthencompletedaseriesoftaskstotesttheirabilitiestoprocessandrememberinformation，theirproblem-solving，andtheirfocus.Theywerefoundtoperformfarbetterwhentheirphoneswereinanotherroominsteadofnearby—whethervisible，poweredonornot.Thatheldtrueeventhoughmostoftheparticipantsclaimednottobeconsciouslythinkingabouttheirdevices.Ourbrainsmaybesubconsciouslyhardatworkonpreventingthedesirefromcheckingourphones，orconstantlymonitoringtheenvironmenttoseeifweshouldcheckourphone（eg.waitingforanotification）.Eitherway，thisdistractedattentioncanmakedoinganythingelsemoredifficult.Theonly"fix"，theresearchersfound，wasputtingthedeviceinadifferentroomentirely.手机会让人们分心，而这不免会引发负面后果。究其原因，多任务处理会损害人们的注意力和表现。【词语积累】devicen.装置，设备multitaskingn.多任务处理visibleadj.可见的，看得见的processv.处理，加工claimv.声称，宣称constantlyadv.重复不断地，一直，始终entirelyadv.完全地，彻底地1.WhatdidtherecentreportinParagraph1find？A.Multitaskingisverydangerous.B.Thenotificationisalwaysheard.C.Peopleareaddictedtomobilephones.D.Peoplelikedoingphone-relatedtasks.解析C细节理解题。由第一段的"OnerecentreportfoundthatadultsintheUSchecktheirphones...ontheirdevicesintotal"可知，最近的一份报告发现，美国成年人平均每天查看手机344次——每4分钟一次——每天总共花在手机上的时间接近3个小时。再结合第一段的"suddenlywe’vebeentrappedintoendlessscrolling（刷屏）"可知，人们会突然陷入无止境的刷屏中。因此该报告发现人们对手机上瘾，故选C项。2.Howisthetextdeveloped？A.Bymakingcomparisons.B.Byexaminingdifferences.C.Byfollowingtheorderofimportance.D.Byanalyzingcausesandgivingexamples.解