闵行区2024年高三英语一模试卷

闵行区2024学年第一学期高三年级质量调研考试

英语试卷

考生留意：

1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分.

2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷共12页。全部答题必需涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在

答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分.

3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写考生号和姓名.

I,ListeningComprehension

SectionA

Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendof

eachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationandthequestions

willbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readdiefour

possibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhave

heard.

1.A.AtagasstationB.Atagasstation

C.Inapark.D.Inanemergencyroom.

2.A.Cleanthebackyard.B.Washingsomething.

C.Sitinthebackyard.D.Dosomeshopping.

3.A.Hefindshispresentjobboring.B.Heistoofoolishtodothepresentjob.

C.liehasgotabeerposition.D.Hedoesn'tgetonwellwiththeothers

4.A.Shehasatightschedule.B.Shehaslostinterestinsports.

C.Thetrainingistoohard.D.Sheisonlyinterestedillroutinework.

5.A.Rulesrestrictingsmoking.B.Waystoquitsmoking.

C.Smokers9healthproblems.D.Dangersofsmoking

6.A.He'sgoingtovisitaphotostudio.B.He*sjusthadhispicturetaken.

C.He*sonthewaytothetheater.D.He*sjustreturnedfromajobinterview.

7.A.Hehadtorejecttheirrequest.B.Hefeltsorryfortheotherstudents.

C.HeagreedtoconsidertheirrequestD.Heregrettedthathehadsaid"Yes”.

8.A.Sheistryingtofindagood-lookingchair.

B.Shethinksitisawell-designedchair.

C.Shethinksthechairisactuallycomfortable.

D.She'sneversatinthatchairbefore.

9.A.Sheusedtobeinpoorhealth.B.Shewaspopularamongboys

C.ShewassomewhatoverweightD.Shedidn'tdowellathighschool

10.A.ReviewthedetailsofallherlessonsB.Comparenoteswithhisclassmates

C.Talkwithherabouthislearningproblems.D.Focusonthemainpointsofherlectures

SectionB

Directions:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandalongerconversation,andyouwillbe

askedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesand

conversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouheara

question,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswerto

thequestionyouhaveheard.

Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

11.A.Theexcitementofnerveactivitiesinthebrain.

B.Thedifferencebetweencomplexmusicandsimplemusic.

C.Theeffectsofmusicontheresultsofmathtests.

D.Theclassicalmusicandreasoningability.

12.A.Becauseitstimulatesyournerveactivity.

B.Becauseitkeepsyoucalm

C.Becauseitstrengthensyourmemory.

D.Becauseitinterferesyourreasoningability.

13.A.Rockmusicmighthelpimproveyourmathtestscores

B.Theeffectsofmusicontestsdonotlastlong.

C.Listentomusicjustbeforeyoutakeatest

D.Themoreyoulistentomusic,thebetteryourreasoningabilitywillbe

Questions14to16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

14.A.Itisthemostunluckydayinayear.B.Itisthebusiestshoppingdaynow.

C.ItisthedayafterThanksgivingD.ItisthedaybeforeChristmas.

15.A.Checkoutthelatestpricereductiononline.

B.Lookroundforitemsinthephysicalstores.

C.Ordertheproductsfromtheonlinestores.

D.Waitinqueueoutsidethestoresovernight.

16.A.100milliondollars.B.670milliondollars.C.20billiondollars.D.25billion

dollars.

Questions17to20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.

17.ATheirattitudesaboutworkB.Differentformsofwork.

C.Importanceofworkforoneself.D.Balancedlifeandwork.

18.A.Themosthopeful.B.Themostchallenging.

C.Themostcreative.D.Themostenjoyable.

19.A.Hisnegativeattitudetowardswork.

B.Hisunwillingnesstodosomethingforothers.

C.Hisselfishnessindoingthings.

D.Hismisunderstandingaboutpublishingwork

20.A.Theworkisworthdoingifitischallengingandcompetitive.

B.Theworkshouldbeverycreativeleadingtoawonder.

C.Oneshouldlikehisworkandsticktoitaslongashetakesit.

DOneshouldfindsatisfactioninhisworkifitisnecessary.

II.GrammarandVocabulary

SectionA

Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentand

grammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformof

thegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank

Honesty,mymumalwaysusedtotellme,isthebestpolicy.Butwhenitcomestomedicine,I

hadassumeditwasimportanttoalwaysbehonestwithmypatients.Afterall,thedoctor-patient

relationshipisbasedontrust,andthereforehonestyisessential,orsoIthought.

Ihadjuststartedworkingingeriatrics(老年病科).Mr.McMahon21___inwhenhisbody

wasfoundveryswollen(浮肿的).Itookamedicalhistory22___hisdaughterwhohad

accompaniedhimintheambulance.She'dbeenhismaincareerforyears.Istood23___(look)at

himasshegaveadetailedhistory.nHashelostanyweightrecently?"Iasked,nWell,it'sfunny

youshouldmentionthat,butyes."Shesaidslowly.Therewassilenceforafewmoments."Why?

Whatareyouworriedabout?"sheasked.Shewasobviouslyveryinvolvedinhiscareanditwas

onlyfairthatItold24___thetruth."Well,weneedtoproveit*snotcancer.*'Isaidandtalked

brieflyaboutsomeofthetestsIwasgoingtoorder.

Halfanhourlater,anursecalledme:nMr.McMahon'sdaughterbrokedown-shesaidyou

toldherhehadcancer."Myheartsank.BythetimeIarrivedattheward,myconsultantwas

alreadythere,explainingthatwestillhadtorunlotsoftestsandthatitwasbynomeans

confirmed25___hehadcancer.Istoodsilentlyattheendofthebed.Myconsultantwas

obviouslyangrywithmeandasweleftMr.McMahon,sheturnedtome."Whyonearthdidyou

dothat?"sheaskedindisbelief.Ilookedatherandbitmylip."SheaskedmewhatIwasworried

aboutandItoldher."Isaid,hangingmyhead."Andgivehermore26(worry)about?"

repliedmyconsultant."Youdon*tsaytheword'cancer*untilit'sconfirmed.27_______you

suspectit,thinkverycarefullybeforeyoutellpeople."

Asitturnedout,itwasn'tcancer.ButIdidlearnthatwhensomeoneisstressedandworried

abouttheirlovedonethey'resometimesselectivein29___theyhear-andasadoctorit's

importanttobemindfulofthis.Inbeingtruthful,I'dmadethesituation30___(bad).

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybe

usedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.demandingB.addictionC.quarrelingD.feedbackE.socializing

F.DistinctionG.wronglyH.escapeI.originallyJ.blame

K.responsibility

Howmanytimeshaveparentshadtoaguewiththeiryoungsonordaughteraboutgetting

theirfaceoutoftheirphoneandfocusingontheworldaroundthem?It'scompletelynormalfor

parentsofgrowingchildrentobeconcernedabouttheirchild'ssafely,butistheir31tosocial

mediareallyharmingthem.

Socialmediawascreatedtoconnectpeoplewithothersonlineandhasrecentlybeenaddedto

smartphones,makingitfatmoreaccessiblethanit32was.Thisnewwaytoeasilybeabletouse

socialmediahasencouragedchildrenandteenstobegintousesitessuchasFacebook,Twitterand

Instagramfrequently.Maturingteensandchildrenareusuallyverytimidwhenitcomesto33with

theirfamilies,whichtheysometimesviewas^^annoying^^.So,whatdothesekidsuseasasolution

ora(n)“34"Theanswerissimplesocialmedia.

However,whentheyusesocialmediaforalargeamountoftime,parentslendtoshow

concernfortheirchildandblamesocialmediafor35theirattention.

Theword,“social"，wasenteredintotheterm,socialmedia,forareason.Parentsofgrowing

teensdon'tseemtounderstandthat.WhentheyseetheirchildusingTwitterorInstagramthey

thinkthattheyusingittogetawayfromrealworld36.Thetruth,however,isthattheyareusingit

toconnedwiththeirclosefriends,makenewfriends,andreceiveinformationaboutwhatis

currentlyhappeninginthemodemworld

Childrenandteensare37accusedforusingsocialmediaonlyforentertainmentpurposesand

forhugeamountsoftime.Sure,everyonewhousessocialmediaenjoyscontactingtheirfriends

andviewingentertainingthings,buthowcomechildrenreceiveallofthe38forabusingit?

Parentsshouldreallythinkabouthowsocialmediacanhelpchildrenandteenslearnandgrowin

therealworldratherthanitjustbeinganother39.

Socialmediaasawholehasbothpositiveandnegativeaspects,butafterallofthe40from

pre-teens,teens,andparentsisputtogether,itshowsthatmediaisactuallyhelpingthenewer

generationsintheirlives.

ITT.ReadingComprehension

SectionA

Directions:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,

CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.

Yourbosstellsyouthatyoudidabadjob.Yourcoworkercriticizesyouinfrontofyour

wholeteam.Ouch!It'snoteasytotakecriticism,nomatterwhoitcomesfrom.But,itiseasyto

41theblowwhenyouoffercriticismtosomeoneinEnglish.Merelybyalteringyourwording

andyourattitude,youcanhelpsomeonegrowinsteadofmakingthemfeel42.

Phraseslike"You'rewrong!"and"Yourpresentationwasterrible!'*havenoplacein

effective43.Infact,it'sbesttoleavetheword"you"out,ifatallpossible.44attacksmakepeople

feeldefective,andthentheywon'treallylistentoanythingyouhavetosay.

Beforestartingwiththecriticism,warmthepersonupwith45.Ifyouarediscussingtheir

work,findseveralthingsyoutrulylikeaboutwhattheyhavedone.Forexample,"Ienjoyedyour

presentationtoday.Youpresentedalotofgoodandhelpfulinformationinit,andIcantellyouput

alotofeffortintoit.Iappreciateyourhardwork."Thiswilllowertheir46andmakethemfeel

appreciated.

However,ashort47complimentsfollowedby"but"suchas“Itwasahelpfilltalk,butyou

reallyneedtoimproveyourpresentationskills"won'tdomuchtohelptheprocess.Afteryou've

sharedyourcompliments,allowthemtimetobe48.Asamatteroffact,49followingyour

complimentwitha"but"willdestroyallyou*vetriedtoaccomplishbymakingyour50seemfalse

andinsincere.

Rememberthatthegoalofconstructivecriticismisn'ttomakethepersonfeelterrible:it*sto

helpthemgrow.InsteadofdirectlyMtheperson,trytogetthemessagethroughtotheminthe

formoflight-heartedadvice.Phraseslike."Nexttimeyoumightwantto..."or"Ifindithelpfulto

”can52theblamewhilestillleavinganimpact:"Nexttimeyoumightwanttogivealittlemore

attentiontotheaudience.IfindithelpfultolookpeopleintheeyeswhileIamspeaking"

Peoplecan'tchangeovernight,especiallyiftheydon'tgetdetailed53.Asyoumighthave

known,54saying“youneedtoworkonyourpresentationskills"won'thelpasoul!Bedetailedin

youradvice!Showmoderationwhenyoucriticizeanyoneandkeepinyourmindthat

over-criticismcaneasily55people.Remember,youwantthemtokeeptryingandimproving.

Don'tleavethemfeelingdefeated*

41.A.sufferB.acceptC.softD.ignore

42.AdefeatedBencouragedC.motivatedD.disturbed

43.A.discussionB.argumentC.explanationD.criticism

44.A.ImmediateB.PersonalC.AccurateD.Continuous

45.A.interactionsB.impressionsC.personalitiesD.compliments

46.A.defenseBspiritC.moralD.position

47.A.decisiveB.seriousC.vagueD.concrete

48.A.correctedB.challengedC.debatedD.absorbed

49.A.carefullyB.reluctantlyC.immediatelyD.occasionally

50.A.praiseB.attitudeC.assistanceD.achievement

51.A.helpingB.accusingC.praisingD.dismissing

52.A.makeupB.focusonC.leadtoD.takeaway

53.A.commandB.commentC.instructionD.information

54.A.sincerelyB.simplyC.politelyD.unwillingly

55.A.overloadBpromoteC.inspireDsimulate

SectionB

Directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsor

Unfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.B.CandD.Choosethe

onethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.

(A)

KoreanAmericansatGBSHighSchool

GlenbrookSouth(GBS)HighSchoolisinasuburbofChicago,Illinois,intheUnitedStates.

Itisanaward-winningschoolwithahighlycompetentteachingstaff.Ithasover400AsianPacific.

Americanstudents-over17percentofdiestudentsintheschool.Ofthese,themajorityareKorean

American.ThisisveryunusualinastatewhereKoreanAmericansarelessthan1percentofthe

population.TheinteractionsoftheKoreanAmericanstudentsatUBSwerethesubjectofanarticle

inAsianWeekmagazine.

DifferentKoreanAmericanstudentsreactdifferentlytobeinginahighschoolweremost

studentsarewhite.ProfessorPyongGapMin,anexpertonKoreanlifeinAmerica,believesthat

KoreanAmericansinthissituationcansometimesfeelinhibitedorashamedoftheirKorean

identity.AsianWeekinterviewedanumberofGBSstudents,andeachhadadifferentattitude.

Alice18yearsold

IusedtospendtimeonlywithKoreanAmericanfriendsAlthoughIfeltsecurewiththose

friends,Ifoundmyselfmotivatedtoformcloserrelationshipwithnon-Koreans,too.IfeltIwas

missingoutonnewexperiencesandchallenges.

Paul16yearsold

IhavesomeKoreanAmericanfriends,butIspendmostofmytimewithwhitefriends.I'm

oftentheonlyAsianAmericaninthegroup,butIdon'tmind.WhatIlikeaboutthewhiteculture

isthatIcanbemoreradical.IcanbeasloudandfunnyasIwanttobe.Idon'tseeasmuchofthat

amongtheAsianstudents.

John17yearsold

Injuniorhighschool,mostofmyfriendswerewhite.AftercomingtoGBS,mysenseofmy

KoreanAmericanidentitywasrestored,andIdecidedtohavemainlyKoreanAmericanfriends.I

feelthatmyKoreanAmericanfriendsandImainlyunderstandeachotherbetter.Forexample,we

understandaboutsevereparentalpressurestosucceedatschool;Ifeltmywhitefriendscouldn,t

reallyunderstand.

Withoutbelittle(轻视)theimportanceofwhatthesestudentshadtosay,it'simportantto

rememberthattheiropinionsatthisphaseoftheirlivesateboundtochangeastheygrowinto

adulthood.Butthesehonestopinionscanhelpusbetterunderstandissuesofculturerelations,and

theirhonestymighthelpAmericansfromdifferentculturalgroupstogetalongbetterinthefuture.

56.Thepassagemainlydiscusses.

A.howKoreanAmericanstudentsinteractamongthemselvesandwithothers

B.whyIllinoisisaveryspecialstate

C.howanIllinoishighschoolwelcomesKoreanAmericanstudents

D.differentopinionsofthefriendsofKoreanAmericanstudents

57.WhichstatementbestsummarizesAlice*sattitude?

A.Shefeelsthatherwhitefriendsdon'treallyunderstandher

B.ShelikesherKoreanAmericanfriendsbutwantstohavenon-Koreanfriendstoo.

C.ShefeelssheismissingoutonexperienceswithherKoreanAmericanfiends.

D.Shedoesn'tfeelsecureinherrelationshipswithnon-Koreans.

58.Theunderlinedword"radical“mostprobablymeans""

A.timidB.expressiveC.considerateD.sensitive

(B)

ThedocumentaryBloodLionsshowsSouthAfrica'scruel''canned*lionhuntingindustry.In

cannedhunts,lionsareraisedbyhumansandkeptinenclosedspacesonprivatehuntingareas.

Hunterscangettrophy（战禾品）easilyinexchangeforfeesofupto$50,000.Thereareabout

8,000ranchlionsinSouthAfrica.Sothecountry'shuntoperatorscanmakeafortune.

IanMichlerwasaleadcharacterinthefilm.HetalkedaboutBloodLionslastJulywhenit

wasshowninDurban,SouthAfrica.Thefilmhassincebeenviewedin185countries.Morethan

50screeningshavebeenheldatfilmfestivalsandinmeetingsofspecialinterestgroups.Thisyear,

BloodLionswillbeshownateverymajortourismconferenceinEuropeandAfrica.

Outsidethefilm,Michlerandtheteamarerunningaglobalcampaign.Theyareaimingat

endingcannedhuntsandothercold-bloodedactivitiesinvolvinglionsandotheranimals.

Australiabecamethefirstcountry,inFebruary2024,toforbidimportsofliontrophies.Itwas

followedbyFranceinNovember,Thatmonth,BloodLionswasshownintheEuropean

Parliament.Asaresult,thegovernmentofFinland,Italy,andSpaindecidedtoholdtheirown

screenings.Thereareanumberofothercountrieslikelytodothesame.

Atthesametime,attheendoflastyear,theworld'sleadinggroupofAfricanlionresearchers

offeredanimportantsuggestionTheyadvisedthatanyanalysisofthepresentstateofwildlionsin

SouthAfricashouldnotincludeitsthousandsofranchlions.WildlionsinSouthAfricanow

numbersome3,000.Therearearound20,000wildlionsinAfrica.

"ThegreatmajorityoflionpopulationsinAfricahavebeenreduced,9,saysHansBauer,lion

researcheratOxfordUniversityWildlifeConservationResearchUnit.'Itsimportanttostressthat

SouthAfrica'sranchlionsarehorrorthathasnothingtodowithlionprotection.Theselionsshould

neverbetakenintoaccountinanyseriousanalysisofthestateoflionsinAfrica."

59.WhatdowelearnaboutthedocumentaryBloodLions?

A.Ithasaninternationalinfluence.B.Ithasattractedmanytourists.

C.Ittellthestoryofalionfighter.D.Ithasbroughttheproducerlotsofmoney

60.Michlerandhisteam'scampaign.

A.wasfirststartedinAustraliaB.haswonlittlesupportinEurope

C.hasachievednoticeableeffectsD.aimstosaveendangeredanimals

61.WhatcanweinferaboutHansBauer?

A.Hesuggestsanalyzinglionsproperly.

B.HehasseenanincreaseofAfricanwildlions

C.Hemaybeastrongsupporteroftrophyhunting.

D.HehopesthattherewillbemoreranchlionsinAfrica.

62.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Toexplainthemainideaofanewfilm.

B.Toreportananimalprotectioncampaign

C.Toencouragefannersloraiseranchlions.

D.ToadvertiseSouthAfrica'shuntingindustry.

(C)

Oneofthemainchallengesfacingmanycountriesishowtomaintaintheiridentityintheface

ofglobalizationandthegrowingmulti-languagetrend."Oneofthemainreasonsforeconomic

failureinmanyAfricancountriesisthefactthat,withafewimportantexceptions,mother-tongue

educationisnotpracticedinanyoftheindependentAfricanstates."saidNellieAlexander,

DirectoroftheProjectfortheStudyofAlternativeeducationinSouthAfricaattheUniversityof

CapeTown.

InresponsetothespreadofEnglishandtheincreasedmulti-languagetrendsarisingfrom

immigration,manycountrieshaveintroducedlanguagelawsinthelawsinthelastdecade.In

some,theuseoflanguagesotherthanthenationallanguageisbannedinpublicspacessuchas

advertisingposters.Oneofthefirstsuchlegalprovisionswasthe1994"ToubonLaw"inFrance,

buttheideahasbeencopiedinmanycountriessincethen.Sucheffortstogovernlanguageuseare

oftendismissedasfutilebylanguageexperts,whoarewellawareofthedifficultlyincontrolling

fashionsinspeechandknowfromresearchthatlanguageswitchingamongbilingualsisanatural

process.

ItisespeciallydifficultfornativespeakersofEnglishtounderstandthedesiretomaintainthe

“purity“ofalanguagebylaw.SincethetimeofShakespeare,Englishhascontinuallyabsorbed

foreignwordsintoitsownlanguage.Englishisoneofthemostmixedandrapidlychanging

languagesintheworld,buttherehasnotbeenabarriertoacquiringprestigeandpower.Another

reasonforthefailureofmanynativeEnglishspeakerstounderstandtheroleofstateregulationis

thatithasneverbeentheAnglo-Saxonwayofdoingthings.Englishhasneverhada

state-controlledauthorityforthelanguage,similar,forexample,totheAcademicFrancaisein

France.

Theneedtoprotectnationallanguagesis,formostwesternEuropeans,arecent

phenomenon-especiallytheneedtoensurethatEnglishdoesnotunnecessarytakeovertoomany

fields.Publiccommunication,educationandnewmodesofcommunicationpromotedby

technology,maybekeyfieldslodefend

63.NevilleAlexanderbelievesthat?

A.mother-tongueeducationisnotpracticedinallAfricancountries

B.globalizationhasresultedintheeconomicfailureofAfrica

C.globalizationhasledtotheriseofmulti-languagetrends

D.lackofmother-tongueeducationcanleadtoeconomicfailure

64.Theunderlinedword“futile”(inparagraph2)mostprobablymeans"

A.workableB.practicalC.uselessD.unnecessary

65.WhydomanyEnglish-speakingcountriesnotsupportthelanguageprotectionefforts

describedinthepassage?

A.Theythinklanguageprotectionlawsareineffective.

B.Theywanttheirlanguagetospreadtoothercountries.

C.Theyhavealonghistoryoftakingwordsfromotherlanguages.

D.Itreducesalanguage'sabilitytoacquireinternationalimportance

66.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

A.Englishhastakenoverfieldslikepubliccommunicationandeducation

B.ManysheetsofnationalculturearethreatenedbythespreadofEnglish.

C.Mostlanguageexpertsbelieveitisimportanttopromoteanationallanguage.

D.Europeanshavelongrealizedtheneedtoprotecttheirnationallanguages.

SectionC

Directions:Readthefollowingpassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiven

inthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyou

need.

A.Butthebrainisalsoveryplastic.

B.Mostimportantly,geniusesallseemtohaveamissionbeyondtheirindividualidentity

C.Sheisestablishinghabitsofthoughtshecancalluponinordertounderstandorsolvefuture

problems.

D.Practicingambitiouslywouldbeadrivingforceofwomenapproachingthesuccess.

E.Thiscontactwouldgivethegirlavisionofherfutureself.

F.Instead,it'sdeliberatepractice.

Thelatestresearchsuggeststhatthekeyfactorseparatinggeniusesfromthemerely

accomplishedisnotIQ,agenerallybadpredictor*ofsuccess.68Topperformersspendmorehours

practisingtheircraft.Ifyouwantedtopicturehowatypicalgeniusmightdevelop,you'dtakea

girlwhopossessedaslightlyaboveaveragelanguageability.Itwouldn'thavetobeabigtalent,

justenoughsothatshemightgainsomesenseofdistinction.Thenyouwouldwanthertomeet,

say,anovelist,whocoincidentallysomesimilarqualities.Maybethewriterwasfromthesame

town,hadthesamefamilybackground,orsharedthesamebirthday.

68Itwouldgivehersomeideaofafascinatingcircleshemightsomedayjoin.Itwouldalso

helpifoneofherparentsdiedwhenshewas12,givingherastrongsenseofinsecurityand

fuellingadesperateneedforsuccess,Armedwiththisambition,shewouldreadnovelsandlife

storiesofwriterswithoutend.Thiswouldgiveheraprimaryknowledgeofherfield.She'dableto

seenewwritingindeeperwaysandquicklyunderstanditsinnerworkings.

Thenshewouldpractisewriting.Herpracticewouldbeslow,painstakinganderrorfocused.

Bypractisinginthisway,sitedelaystheautomatizingprocess.Hermindwantstoturnconscious,

newlylearnedskillsintounconscious,automaticallyperformedskills.Bypractisingslowly,by

breakingskillsdownintotinypartsandrepealing,sheforcesthebraintointernalizeabetter

patternofperformance.Thenshewouldfindanadviserwhowouldprovideaconstantstreamof

feedback,viewingherperformancefromtheoutside,correctingthesmallesterrors,pushingherto

takeontougherchallenges.Bynowsheisredoingproblems-howdoIgetcharactersintoa

room-dozensanddozensoftimes.69

Theprimaryqualityouryoungwriterpossessesisnotsomemysteriousgenius.It'stheability

todevelopapurposeful,laboriousandboringpracticeroutine.Thelatestresearchtakessomeof

themagicoutofgreatachievement.Butitunderlinesafactthatisoftenneglected.Public

discussionisaffectedbygeneticsandwhatwe're''hardwiredntodo.Andit'struethatgenesplaya

roleinourcapabilities.70Weconstructourselvesthroughbehavior.

IV.SummaryWriting

Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpointsofthe

passageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

CaliforniacondorsareNorthAmerican'slargestbirds,willwing-lengthofupto3meters.In

the1980s,electricallinesandleadpoisoningnearlydrovethemtodyingout.Now,electricshock

trainingandmedicaltreatmentarehelpingtorescuethesebigbirds.

Inthelate1980s,thelastfewcondorsweretakenfromthewild,andtherearenowmorethan

150flyingoverCaliforniaandnearbyArizona,UtahandBajainMexico.Electricallineshave

beenkillingthemoff."Astheygointorestforthenight,theyjustdon'tseethepowerlines,9,says

BruceRideoutofSanDiegoZoo.Theirwingscanbridgethegapbetweenlines,resultingin

electrocution（电死）iftheytouchtwolinesatonce.Soscientistshavecomeupwithashocking

idea.Tallpoles,placedinlargetrain