2024-2025学年高中英语学业水平合格性考试复习第三部分突破五大题第Ⅱ题专题四专题训练

PAGE11-第Ⅱ题专题四Passage1Scientiststodayaremakinggreaterefforttostudyoceancurrents(洋流)．Mostdoitusingsatellitesandotherhigh­techequipment.However，oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway—bystudyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbage.Ascientistwithmanyyears'experience，hestartedthistypeofresearchintheearly1990swhenheheardabouthundredsofathleticshoeswashingupontheshoresofthenorthwestcoastoftheUnitedStates.Thereweresomanyshoesthatpeopleweresettingupswapmeetstotryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellorwear.Ebbesmeyerfoundoutinhisresearchesthattheshoes－about60，000intotal－fellintotheoceaninashippingaccident.Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected，thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn't.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment.Ifhelearnedwhenandwheretheshoeswentintothewaterandtrackedwheretheylanded，hecouldlearnalotaboutthepatternsofoceancurrents.ThePacificNorthwestisoneoftheworld'sbestareasforbeachcombing(海滩搜寻)becausewindsandcurrentsjoinhere，andasaresult，thereisagroupofseriousbeachcombersinthearea.Ebbesmeyergottoknowalotofthemandaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformationaboutwheretheshoeslanded.Inayearhecollectedreliableinformationon1，600shoes.Withthisdata，heandacolleaguewereabletotestandimproveacomputerprogramdesignedtomodeloceancurrents，andpublishthefindingsoftheirstudy.Astheresultofhiswork，Ebbesmeyerhasbecomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean.Hehasevenstartedanassociationofbeachcombersandoceanexperts，with500subscribersfromWestAfricatoNewZealand.Theyhaverecordedalllostobjectsrangingfrompotatoestogolfgloves.1．Theunderlinedphrase“swapmeets”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto________．A．fittingrooms B．tradingfairsC．businesstalks D．groupmeetings【语篇解读】本文是说明文，介绍了一种探讨洋流的特殊方式。解析：词义揣测题。由前面的“somanyshoes”和后面的“totryandmatchleftandrightshoestosellorwear，”特殊是sell，可知是建立交易市场，故选B。答案：B2．Ebbesmeyerphonedtheshoecompanytofindout________．A．whatcausedtheshippingaccidentB．whenandwheretheshoeswentmissingC．whetheritwasallrighttousetheirshoesD．howmuchtheylostintheshippingaccident解析：事实细微环节题。由其次段二、三、四句“Hephonedtheshoecompanyandaskediftheywantedtheshoesback.Asexpected，thecompanytoldhimthattheydidn't.Ebbesmeyerrealizedthiscouldbeagreatexperiment”可知，选C。答案：C3．HowdidEbbesmeyerprovehisassumption?A．Bycollectinginformationfrombeachcombers.B．Bystudyingtheshoesfoundbybeachcombers.C．Bysearchingthewebforoceancurrentsmodels.D．Byresearchingoceancurrentsdatainthelibrary.解析：事实细微环节题。由第三段其次句“Ebbesmeyergottoknowalotofthem(seriousbeachcombers)andaskedfortheirhelpincollectinginformationaboutwheretheshoeslanded”及其后几句可知，选A，“通过海滩清理者收集信息”。答案：A4．Ebbesmeyerismostfamousfor________．A．travelingwidelythecoastalcitiesoftheworldB．makingrecordsforanylostobjectsontheseaC．runningaglobalcurrentsresearchassociationD．phoningaboutanydoubtfulobjectsonthesea解析：事实细微环节题。由第四段第一句“Ebbesmeyerhasbecomeknownasthescientisttocallwithquestionsaboutanyunusualobjectsfoundfloatingintheocean”可知，选D。答案：D5．Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassage?A．Tocallpeople'sattentiontooceanpollution.B．Towarnpeopleofshippingsafetyintheocean.C．Toexplainauniquewayofstudyingoceancurrents.D．Togivetipsonhowtosearchforlostobjectsonthebeach.解析：主旨大意题。文章主题句在第一段，即“However，oceanexpertCurtisEbbesmeyerdoesitinaspecialway—bystudyingmovementsofrandomfloatinggarbage”，由此可知选C。答案：CPassage2FiveBoomingCareersinHealthCareLovingwhatyoudoisgreat，butknowingyourcareerwillbetheretomorrowisevenbetter.Andwhenitcomestoboomingfields，thehealthcareindustryisonethat'sprimedforgrowth.Wanttopreparetotakeyourplaceinthehealthcarefield？Checkoutthesefivein­demandhealthcarecareers.Career1MedicalandHealthServicesManagerIfyouwanttotakeyourleadershipskillsintothegrowinghealthcarefield，considerpursuingacareerasamedicalandhealthservicesmanager.Asamedicalandhealthservicesmanageryoumightplan，direct，andorganizehealthservicesinanentirehealthcarefacility，oraspecificdepartmentorclinicalarea，saysU．S.DepartmentofLabor.Dailydutiescouldincludehandlingafacility'sfinances，creatingworkschedules，andmakingsurethathealthcareservicesaredeliveredefficiently.Career2MedicalAssistantIfyouareinterestedinworkinginadoctor'soffice，considerpreparingforacareerinthein­demandfieldofmedicalassisting.Asamedicalassistant，youcouldplayaroleinhelpingpatients'visitsgosmoothlyfromwhentheyfirstwalkinthedoor.Yourdutiesmightincludemeasuringvitalsigns，assistingthephysicianwithexaminations，recordinghealthinformation，andschedulingappointments，accordingtotheU．S.DepartmentofLabor.Career3RegisteredNurseReadytoputyourhelpfulnaturetouseinthelargesthealthcarefield？Lookintopreppingtopursueacareerinregisterednursing.Asaregisterednurse，youcouldworkcloselywithpatientsbyprovidingcare，education，andemotionalsupport.Youmightgivepatientsmedicinesandtreatments，observetheirconditions，orperformdiagnostic(诊断的)tests，saystheU．S.DepartmentofLabor.Career4PhysicalTherapistAssistantWanttoenteranin­demandhealthcarefieldwhereyoucouldreallyplayahands­onroleinhelpingpatientsrestoretheirphysicalfunctionality？Ifso，acareerasaphysicaltherapistassistantcouldbeagoodfit.Underthesupervisionofaphysicaltherapist，youcouldhelppatientsregainmovementastheyrecoverfrominjuries，illnesses，orsurgery.Yourroleintherehabilitationprocesscouldincludeassistingpatientswithtechniques(massage，stretching)andtherapeuticmethodslikeelectricalstimulationandmechanicaltraction，saystheU．S.DepartmentofLabor.Career5PharmacyTechnicianPreferahealthcarecareerthatislesshands­on？Considerpursuingacareerinthegrowingpharmacytechnicianfield.Pharmacytechnicianscanberesponsibleforcountingpills，fillingprescriptions，providingcustomerservice，andfulfillingadministrativetasksunderthesupervisionofalicensedpharmacist，accordingtotheU．S.DepartmentofLabor.1．Asamedicalassistant，yourdutiesmightNOTinclude________．A．assistingthephysicianwithexaminationsB．recordinghealthinformationC．schedulingappointmentsD．providingcustomerservice【语篇解读】本文客观介绍了关于卫生保健中五种职业。解析：细微环节理解题。依据职业二医务助理我们可以推断出答案。答案：D2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutaphysicaltherapistassistant?A．He/Shecanhelppatientsgainmovementastheyareintheillness.B．His/Herfunctionincludesassistingpatientsandprovidingcustomerservice.C．His/Herdutymightincludemeasuringvitalsignsandrecordinghealthinformation.D．He/Shecouldplayapracticalroleinhelpingpatientsrestoretheirphysicalfunctionality.解析：推理推断题。依据职业四助理理疗师中的第一段，可得出答案D。答案：D3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“rehabilitation”mean?A．Theprocessofimprovingorbecomingstronger.B．Theprocessofcuttingapartofaperson'sbodyinordertoremoveorrepairadamagedpart.C．Theprocessofrecordingsomebody'snameonanofficiallist.D．Theprocessofhelpingsomebodytohaveanormallifeagainaftertheyhavebeenillforalongtime.解析：词义揣测题。依据上下文我们可以揣测出这个单词的意思是“康复，复原”。答案：D4．Whatisvitalforphysicaltherapistassistantsandpharmacytechnicianstoperformtheirduties?A．Thenatureofhelpingothers.B．Knowledgeofmedicineandhealthcare.C．Theabilityofinterpersonalcommunication.D．Thesupervisionofalicenseddoctor.解析：细微环节理解题。依据职业四助理理疗师中的其次段第一句和职业五药品技师的其次段可知，虽然A、B、C三项都是成为医药工作者所必需的素养，但是最关键的前提是有带执照的医师的监督，故选D。答案：D5．Theauthorwritesthepassagemainlyto__________________.A．introducefiveboomingcareersinhealthcareB．persuadeyoutogointofiveboomingcareersinhealthcareC．advocatefiveboomingcareersinhealthcareD．classifyhealthcareintofivecareers解析：主旨大意题。本文客观介绍了关于卫生保健中五种职业，并没有劝告读者去从事这些工作。答案：APassage3Therewasonceatinycountrythatwassufferingfromalongdrought.Ithadgonesolongwithoutrainthatthepeopletherewerestartingtogohungrybecauseofthebadharvests.Itjustsohappenedthatagroupofmusiciansweretravelingthecountry，tryingtomakealivingfromtheirconcerts.Butwithsomanyproblemsintheland，noonefeltlikelisteningtomusic.“Butmusiccanhelpovercomeanyproblems，”saidthemusicians，withoutanyonepayingthemtheslightestattention.Sothemusicianstriedtofindoutthereasonitwouldn'train.Itwasverystrange，becausetheskywasovercast，butnoonecouldprovideananswer.“It'sbeencloudylikethisformanymonths，butnotasingledropofrainhasfallen，”peopletoldthem.“Don'tworry，we'llbringraintothecountry，”themusiciansresponded，andtheybeganrehearsingforaconcertatthesummitofthehighestmountain.Everyonewhoheardthemusicwasseizedbycuriosityandwentupthemountain.Andtheconductorofthisstrangeorchestragavetheorder，andthemusiciansbegantoplay.Fromtheirinstrumentscamesmall，playfulmusicalnotesthatroseandroseintotheclouds.Themusicwassojoyous，happyandfun，andthenotesstartedplayingwiththeclouds'soft，fluffybellies，runninghereandthere，upanddown，andthewholeskyturnedintoonebiggameoftickletorture.Beforelong，thegiantcloudswerethunderingwithlaughter.Themusicianscontinuedplayingjoyfullyandafewminuteslatertheclouds，cryingwithlaughter，soakedthelittlecountrybelowwiththeirprecioustears，bringinghappinesstoall.Andinmemoryofthatmusicalrain，everyoneinthecountrylearnedhowtoplayaninstrumentand，takingturns，wouldgoupthemountaineverydaytobringjoytothecloudswiththeirbeautifulsongs.1．Whydidthecountryhavethebadharvests?A．Becauseit'stoohot.B．Becauseit'stoocold.C．Becauseit'stoowet.D．Becauseit'stoodroughty.【语篇解读】一个干旱已久的小国，却因为音乐家们的到来，变更了他们的命运——音乐家通过在山顶上演奏音乐，从而为当地降下了甘霖。为了纪念那场音乐雨，人们起先学习音乐，并轮番到山上为云彩演奏音乐。解析：细微环节理解题。依据第一段可知那个国家歉收的缘由是因为长期干旱少雨，故选D项。答案：D2．What'stheattitudeofthepeopletowardthemusicians?A．Active. B．Energetic.C．Cold. D．Enthusiastic.解析：推理推断题。依据其次段中的“Butwithsomanyproblemsintheland，noonefeltlikelisteningtomusic.”和“withoutanyonepayingthemtheslightestattention.”可以推出人们对音乐家们的看法是冷淡的。故选C。答案：C3．What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinthethirdparagraph?A．Cloudy B．RainyC．Sunny D．Windy解析：词义揣测题。依据第四段中的“It'sbeencloudylikethis...”可以推出overcast的意思与cloudy意思一样。故选A项。答案：A4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．Greatmusicians B．MusicforthecloudsC．Laughingclouds D．Musicrehearsing解析：标题概括题。本文主要讲解并描述了音乐家通过在山顶上为云彩演奏音乐，从而使云彩流淌起来，最终降下了期盼已久的雨，为当地人们带来了欢乐。由此可以推出文章的标题应选B项。答案：B5．Fromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthatthepeopleinthesmallcountry______．A．hatemusic B．lovemusicC．teachmusic D．practicemusic解析：推理推断题。最终一段中讲到为了纪念那场音乐雨，人们起先学习乐器，并轮番到山上为云彩演奏音乐。由此可以推出人们喜爱音乐。答案：BPassage4Imagineputtingaseedinafreezer，waiting30，000years，andthentakingtheseedoutandplantingit.Doyouthinkaflowerwouldgrow?Amazingly，scientistshavejustmanagedtodosomethingverysimilar.TheyfoundthefruitofanancientplantthathadbeenfrozenundergroundinSiberia—aregioncoveringcentralandeasternRussia—forabout31，800years.Usingpiecesofthefruit，thescientistsgrewplantsinalab.Thenewbloomshavedelicatewhitepetals.Theyarealsotheoldestfloweringplantsthatresearchershaveeverrevivedfromadeepfreeze.“Thisislikeregeneratingadinosaurfromtissuesofanancientegg，”saidJaneShen­Miller，abiologistofUniversityofCalifornia，LosAngeles.Theplanthasalonghistory.Backwhenmammothsandwoollyrhinoceroseswalkedontheland，anArcticgroundsquirrelburiedseedsandfruitsinanundergroundchamberneartheKolymaRiverinnortheasternSiberia.Thegroundbecamepermafrost，alayerofsoilthatstaysfrozenforalongtime.Recently，Russianscientistsdugouttheoldsquirrelholeandfoundtheplantremains38metersbelowthesurface.Backatthelab，theteamfednutrientstotissuefromthreeofthefruitstogrowshoots.Thenthescientiststransferredtheshootstopotsfilledwithsoil.Theplantsproducedseedsthatcouldbeusedtogrowevenmoreofthem.It'simportantforscientiststoknowthatplanttissuescanstillberevivedafterbeingfrozenforalongtime.That'sbecausemanyresearchersaretryingtopreservetheseedsofmodernplantsbyfreezingthemandthenstoringthemingiantlockersatvariousspotsaroundtheglobe.Onesuchendeavor，anundergroundfacilityinNorway，iscalledtheSvalbardGlobalSeedVault.Itstoreshundredsofthousandsoffrozenseeds.Ifaplantevergoesextinct，scientistscouldbringitbackbytakingitsseedsfromtheSvalbardorotherstoragelockers.“Nooneknowshowlongtheyareabletolivefor，butfreezingisbasicallytheformatformanyplantconservationattemptsnowadays，”JaneShen­Millersaid.It'sagoodthingthatatleastsomeplantsaretoughenoughtosurviveintheexperience.1．Howwereseedsandfruitsoriginallyintheundergroundchamber?A．Theywereplacedtherebyananimal.B．TheyweretrappedthereduringtheIceAge.C．Theywereplantedtherebyancientfarmers.D．Theywereburiedthereaftertheearthquake.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普文字，介绍一个科研项目，一个对数万年种子的试验。解析：细微环节理解题。由第四段的其次句可知，当时是松鼠把它们埋在地下的，故选A项。答案：A2．WhichofthefollowingwasNOTusedtorecreatetheancientplant?A．Modernnutrients. B．Partsofthefruits.C．Itsfrozenseeds. D．Plantpotswithsoil.解析：细微环节理解题。由第五段可知，在培育新苗时没有用冷冻的种子。答案：C3．Whyarescientistsinterestedinthisdiscovery?A．Ithelpsthemlearnhowplantlifehaschangedinthepast30，000years.B．Itcanhelpguidefutureeffortstoprotectendangeredplants'life.C．Itcanprovidedirectionsforwheretolookforotherancientplants.D．Itprovesthatallplantlifecansurviveforthousandsofyearswhenfrozen.解析：推理推断题。由第六段的其次句可推知，这一发觉对于保存濒危植物种子的探讨有着重大意义。答案：B4．Theunderlinedword“they”inthefinalparagraphrefersto________．A．plants B．seedsC．scientists D．storagelockers解析：代词指代题。联系上文，尤其是上一段的内容可以看出they指代的是种子，故选B。答案：B5．Thepurposeofthepassageisto________．A．discussaplantconservationeffortB．introducesomeancientplantsC．outlinesomecausesofglobalwarmingD．describeascientificresearchproject解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文意在介绍一个科研项目，故答案为D项。答案：DPassage5AscomputersbecomemorepopularinChina,ChinesepeopleareincreasinglyrelyingoncomputerkeyboardstoinputChinesecharacters.Butiftheyusethecomputertoomuch,theymayendupforgettingtheexactstrokes(笔画)ofeachChinesecharacterwhenwritingonpaper.Expertssuggestpeople,especiallystudents,writebyhandmore.Doyouwritebyhandmoreortypemore?InBeijing,studentsstartusingacomputerasearlyastheprimaryschool.Andcomputerdependenceismorewide­spreadamonguniversitystudents.Almostalltheirassignmentsandessaysaretypedonacomputer.Allthestudentsinterviewedsaytheyusuallyuseacomputer.It'sfasterandeasiertocorrectifusingacomputer.Andthat'swhycomputersarebeingappliedmoreandmoreoftentomoderneducation.Butwhenpeoplearetakingstockincomputersincreasingly,problemsappear.“WhenI'mwritingwithapen,IfindIoftencan'trememberhowtowriteacharacter,thoughIfeelI'mfamiliarwithit.”“I'mnotinthemoodtowritewhenfacedwithapenandpaper.”Manystudentsdon'tfeelthisissomethingtoworryabout.Nowthatit'smoreconvenientandefficienttowriteonacomputer,whybothertohandwrite?Manyeducatorsthinkdifferently.ShiLiwei,theheadmasterofafamousprimaryschoolinthecapitalsaid，“Chinesecharactersenjoybothpracticalandaesthetic(审美的)value.Butthosecharacterstypedwithcomputerkeyboardsonlymaintaintheirpracticalvalue.Alltheartisticbeautyofthecharactersislost.Andhandwritingcontainsthewriter'semotion.Throughone'shandwriting,peoplecangettoknowone'sthinkingandpersonality.Beautifulwritingwillgivepeopleabetterfirstimpressionofthem.”Toencouragestudentstohandwritemore,manyprimaryschoolsinBeijinghavemadewritingclassescompulsory(必修的)andinuniversities,someprofessorsareaskingstudentstoturnintheirhomeworkandessayswrittenbyhand.1．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．Theim