2024年专业英语四级真题

专业英語四级真題(總分：99.95，做題時间：90分钟)壹、PARTⅠDICTATION(總題数：1，分数：10.00)1.Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbegiven1minutetocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbegiven1minutetocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.

（分数：10.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________

對的答案：()解析：[听力原文]ThinkPositiveandFeelPositive

Areyouconfidentorinsecureinadifficultsituation?/Doyoureactpositivelyornegatively?/Theanswermaydependinpartonwhomyou"rearound./Astudyfoundthatnegativethinkingcanbecontagiousinsomecases./Forexample,theresearchersstudied103collegeroommates./Theymeasuredeachroommate"stendencytowardsnegativethinking./Itwasfoundthatthinkingpatternscanbecontagious./Studentswithanegativethinkingroommatebecamemoredepressedthemselves,/andstudentswithmorepositivethinkingroommates/weremorelikelytobecomemorepositiveaswell.

由標題ThinkPositiveandFeelPositive可知，文章围绕积极思维与积极感受這壹主題展開。考生在听第壹遍時不要急于動笔，要把握文章整体构造，理清思绪。听完第壹遍可知本文分三部分——通過提問引出文章主題；明示本文观點，即“身边众人的态度會影响人的心态，负面思维會传染”；通過對103名大學室友的研究，证明本文观點。听第二、三遍录音時要按意群来听，抓住句型和关键詞，逐詞逐句写出完整的句子。听最终壹遍录音時要边听边校對，根据句子的語义、語法构造和上下文检查單复数、冠詞等轻易失分的细节。

文中出現的易錯詞有insecure和contagious。第三句中注意不要遗漏介詞in和on，并且注意该句的最终壹种單詞是around，不要误听為round。第六句中注意所有格形式roommate"s，因其前限定詞為each，因此，roommate為單数，不要将此处误听為roommates。此外，由于這项研究是在過去某壹時段開展的，注意有关動詞要使用壹般過去時。二、PARTⅡLISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(總題数：0，分数：0.00)三、SECTIONATALK(總題数：1，分数：10.00)Inthissectionyouwillhearatalk.YouwillhearthetalkONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesurewhatyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.

YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.

Nowlistentothetalk.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTWOminutestocheckyourwork.WhatIsGrit?

Myquestions

●Whyisn"tI.Q.theonlydifferencebetweenstudents?

●Whatisthekeyto1?

MyResearch

●investigationofallkindsof2,including:

—WestPointMilitaryAcademy

—3

—privatecompanies

Myfinding:gritaspredictorofsuccess

●Gritis4forverylong-termgoals.

●Gritisworkinghardforyearstomake5.

●Gritislivingyourlifelikea6.

Mysurvey

●highschooljuniorstookgritquestionnaires

●7kidsweremorelikelytograduate

Grit-building

●littleisknownabouthowtobuildgritinstudents

●datashowgritisunrelatedto8

●growthmindsetisthebeliefthattheabilitytolearnis9

●kidswithgritbelievefailureis10

Conclusion

Weneedtobegrittyaboutgettingourkidsgrittier.Inthissectionyouwillhearatalk.YouwillhearthetalkONCEONLY.Whilelistening,youmaylookatANSWERSHEETONEandwriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachgap.Makesurewhatyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayusetheblanksheetfornote-taking.

YouhaveTHIRTYsecondstopreviewthegap-fillingtask.

Nowlistentothetalk.Whenitisover,youwillbegivenTWOminutestocheckyourwork.WhatIsGrit?

Myquestions

●Whyisn"tI.Q.theonlydifferencebetweenstudents?

●Whatisthekeyto1?

MyResearch

●investigationofallkindsof2,including:

—WestPointMilitaryAcademy

—3

—privatecompanies

Myfinding:gritaspredictorofsuccess

●Gritis4forverylong-termgoals.

●Gritisworkinghardforyearstomake5.

●Gritislivingyourlifelikea6.

Mysurvey

●highschooljuniorstookgritquestionnaires

●7kidsweremorelikelytograduate

Grit-building

●littleisknownabouthowtobuildgritinstudents

●datashowgritisunrelatedto8

●growthmindsetisthebeliefthattheabilitytolearnis9

●kidswithgritbelievefailureis10

Conclusion

Weneedtobegrittyaboutgettingourkidsgrittier.（分数：10.00）填空项1:__________________

（對的答案：success）解析：success[听力原文]WhatIsGrit?

Goodafternoon,everyone.Today,Iwouldliketotalkaboutmyresearchprojectconcerningthekeytosuccess.Iwouldliketostartmytopicwithmyownstory.

WhenIwas27yearsold,Ileftforademandingjob—teachingseventhgradersmathintheNewYorkCitypublicschools.Andlikeanyteacher,Imadequizzesandtests.Igaveouthomeworkassignments.Whentheworkcameback,Icalculatedgrades.

WhatstruckmewasthatIQwasnottheonlydifferencebetweenmybestandmyworststudents.SomeofmystrongestperformersdidnothavesuperIQscores.Someofmysmartestkidsweren"tdoingsowell.Then,Ifeltveryinterestedinknowingthereasonwhythestudents"mathperformanceisnotthatcloselyrelatedtotheirIQscores.Istartedstudyingkidsandadultsinallkindsofchallengingsettings,andineverystudymyquestionwas,whoissuccessfulhereandwhy.MyresearchteamandIwenttoWestPointMilitaryAcademy.Wetriedtopredictwhichstudentswouldstayinmilitarytrainingandwhichwoulddropout.WewenttotheNationalSpellingContestandtriedtopredictwhichchildrenwouldadvancefurthestincompetition.Weworkedwithprivatecompanies,askingwhichofthesesalespeopleisgoingtokeeptheirjobs,andwho"sgoingtoearnthemostmoney.Wewenttomanyplacesandfinally,onecharacteristicemergedasasignificantpredictorofsuccess.Anditwasn"tsocialintelligence.Itwasn"tgoodlooks,physicalhealth,anditwasn"tIQ.Itwasgrit.

Whatisgrit?Well,gritispassionandperseveranceforverylong-termgoals.Gritisstickingwithyourfuture,dayin,dayout,notjustfortheweek,notjustforthemonth,butforyears,andworkingreallyhardtomakefutureareality.Gritislivingyourlifelikeit"samarathon,notasprint.

Afewyearsago,IstartedstudyinggritintheChicagopublicschools.Iaskedthousandsofhighschooljuniorstotakegritquestionnaires,andthenwaitedaroundmorethanayeartoseewhowouldgraduate.Itturnedoutthatgrittierkidsweresignificantlymorelikelytograduate,evenwhenImatchedthemoneverycharacteristicIcouldmeasure,thingslikefamilyincome,testscores,andsoon.

Tome,themostshockingthingaboutgritishowlittleweknow,howlittlescienceknows,aboutbuildingit.Everyday,parentsandteachersaskme,"HowdoIbuildgritinkids?HowdoIkeepthemmotivatedforthelongrun?"

Ourdatashowsveryclearlythattherearemanytalentedindividualswhosimplydonotfollowthroughontheircommitment.Infact,inourdata,gritisusuallyunrelatedtomeasuresoftalent.

Sofar,thebestideaI"veheardaboutbuildinggritinkidsissomethingcalled"growthmindset".Growthmindsetisthebeliefthattheabilitytolearnisnotfixed,thatitcanchangewithyoureffort.Kidswithgritaremuchmorelikelytoperseverewhentheyfail,becausetheydon"tbelievethatfailureisapermanentcondition.

Sogrowthmindsetisagreatideaforbuildinggrit.Butweneedmore.Andthat"swhereI"mgoingtoendmytalk,becausethat"swhereweare.That"stheworkthatstandsbeforeus.Wehavetobewillingtofail,tobewrong,tostartoveragainwithlessonslearned.

Asaconclusion,weneedtobegrittyaboutgettingourkidsgrittier.Nexttime,Iwouldliketosharewithyoumyexperienceinbuildingupstudents"grit.

细节題。根据听力原文可知，讲座围绕“成功的关键”這壹主題展開，故答案為success。解析：challengingsettings细节題。根据听力原文可知，為了研究究竟什么才是成功的关键，发言者研究了在多种具有挑战性的場景下，孩子和成年人的体現，故答案為challengingsettings。解析：NationalSpellingContest细节題。根据听力原文可知，发言者的研究团体研究了全国拼写比赛的选手，并尝试预测哪些孩子能在比赛中坚持到最终，故答案為NationalSpellingContest。解析：passionandperseverance细节題。根据听力原文可知，毅力是指在实現長期目的這壹過程中的激情与坚持，故答案為passionandperseverance。解析：futureareality细节題。根据听力原文可知，毅力是你對未来的坚持，曰复壹曰，不是仅仅持续壹周或壹种月，而是年复壹年的努力奋斗，從而实現自已對未来的展望，故答案為futureareality，注意不要遗漏不定冠詞a。解析：marathon细节題。根据听力原文可知，毅力是把生活當作壹場馬拉松，而不是壹次短跑，故答案為marathon。解析：grittier细节題。根据听力原文可知，在芝加哥公立學校的研究成果证明，更有毅力的學生明显在毕业概率上占绝對优势，故答案為grittier。解析：measuresoftalent细节題。根据听力原文可知，实际上，根据数据来看，毅力壹般与衡量才华的原则無关，故答案為measuresoftalent。解析：9notfixed/changeable细节題。根据听力原文可知，成長型思维模式是指人的學习能力不是壹成不变的，它會伴随你的努力程度而发生变化，故答案為notfixed或changeable。解析：atemporarycondition概括題。根据听力原文可知，拥有毅力這壹品质的孩子們在失败後更有也許继续坚持，由于他們并不认為失败是壹种長期不变的状态。根据字数规定，答案可概括為atemporarycondition。四、SECTIONBCONVERSATIONS(總題数：0，分数：0.00)五、ConversationOne(總題数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）

A.Totellthemanthathehasbeenshortlistedforinterview.

B.Toaskthemanafewquestionsabouthisinterview.

C.Toexplaintothemanhowtomakeapresentation.

D.Totellthemantheprocedureoftheinterview.

√解析：[听力原文]

W:Hello,thisisKateSmith.I"mcallingfromABCCompany.

M:Oh,hello,Kate.Greattohearfromyou.

W:You"vealreadybeentoldthatyou"vebeenshortlistedforinterview.

M:Oh,yes.

W:Well,weareveryexcitedaboutmeetingyou.OK,Ijustwanttotalkyouthroughtheprocedurefortheday.Someonewillmeetyouwhenyouarrive,andthenbringyouuptomeetmyselfandArthurMiller,theCEO.

M:OK,soundsgood.Sowillyoubetheonlymembersoftheinterviewpaneltherethen?

W:Yes,it"llbejustmeandArthurwhowilltalktoyou.Theinterviewwillbeinthreeparts.Firstofall,we"llaskyousomegeneralquestionsaboutyourselfandyoureducationalandprofessionalbackground,andthenwe"llmoveontospecifics.

M:Oh,er,specifics?Well,er...whatkindofquestionswillyoubeasking?

W:Well,it"llbeverysimilartothepersonalstatementyousubmittedwithyourCV.We"llbeexpectingyouto...togiveactualexamplesofproblemsyou"vefacedandsolved,andofwhatyoufeelarethemajorsuccessesinyourcareersofar.

M:OK,well.Yeah,thatsoundsgreat.Can"twait!

W:Thenthere"llbeachanceforyoutoaskusanyquestions—aboutthejobitself,orABCCompanyingeneral.

M:Oh,um...OK.I"llthinkofsomething!

W:Afterthat,we"dlikeyoutogiveashortpresentationonhowyouseeABCasacompanyprogressing,andhowyouseeyourselftakingusthere.

M:OK,sowillIbeexpectedtogivelikeaformalstylepresentation?

W:Itcanbeasformalorinformalasyoulike.There"llbeacomputerandadataprojectorthereavailable.Ifyouneedanythingelse,justletusknow.

M:Oh,um...OK,apresentation!I"llthinkofsomething.Ihaven"tdoneoneofthoseinawhile.

W:Isthatallclear?

M:Yes.

W:Great.So,Daniel,I"llseeyouat11a.m.,Thursdaynextweek.

M:OK,great.Ilookforwardtomeetingyou!Thanks,bye.

W:Bye.

Whydoesthewomancalltheman?

细节題。根据听力原文可知，女士給男士打電话的目的是想要与男士沟通壹下面试當曰的整個流程，因此D為答案。

A.Questionsrelatedtothejob.

√

B.Generalquestionsabouthimself.

C.SpecificquestionsabouthisCV.

D.Questionsabouthisfutureplan.解析：[听力原文]

Whatkindofquestionscanthemanaskintheinterview?

细节題。根据听力原文可知，女士称，男士有机會向面试方提出任何問題，可以有关工作自身，也可以有关ABC企业的概况，故A為答案。

A.Questionsfromtheinterviewers.

B.Questionsfromtheinterviewee.

C.Presentationfromtheinterviewee.

√

D.Requestsfromtheinterviewee.解析：[听力原文]

Whichisthelastpartoftheinterview?

细节題。根据听力原文可知，在完毕双方問答环节後，面试方還但愿男士可以做壹种简短的陈說，因此C為答案。

A.Educationalandprofessionalbackground.

B.Problemshehasfacedandsolved.

C.Majorsuccessesinhiscareersofar.

D.Companyfutureandhiscontribution.

√解析：[听力原文]

Whatmightbeexpectedfromtheman"spresentation?

细节題。根据听力原文可知，面试方期望男士在陈說中论述壹下他對ABC企业发展前景的見解以及他在企业未来发展中可以做出的奉献，因此D為答案。

A.11a.m.,nextTuesday.

B.11a.m.,nextThursday.

√

C.9a.m.,thisTuesday.

D.9a.m.,thisThursday.解析：[听力原文]

Whenistheinterviewscheduled?

细节題。根据听力原文可知，女士称将在下周四上午拾壹點与男士會面，因此面试時间為下周四上午拾壹點，故B為答案。六、ConversationTwo(總題数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）

A.Thedisadvantagesofcollegeloans.

B.Governmentfinancingincollegeeducation.

C.Howtohandletheproblemofcollegeloans.

√

D.Howcollegestudentspayfortheireducation.解析：[听力原文]

W:Itsaysagrowingnumberofstudentsaremakingamajorholefromtheminutetheyentertherealworldbecausetheyarealready,someofthem,morethan100,000dollarsindebt.WithusnowisMarkSpenser.HeistheseniorfinancialanalystfromSBCBank.Welcometoyou.

M:Thankyou.Nicetobewithyou.

W:Now,Iguesstherearetwokindsofdebts,gooddebtandbaddebt.Wheredoesthisgo?

M:Well,studentloandebtistraditionallyconsideredgooddebt,buttheproblemformanystudentsandtheirfamiliesisthatthecostofcollegeshasbeengoingupat6to8percentayear,farfasterthantheincome,farfasterthanthestandardofliving.Thatmeansdebt"stakingonabiggerandbiggerroleinfinancingeducation.

W:Howmuchdebtistoomuchdebtfor...foronestudent?

M:Well,oneguidelineisthatyoulookatthefirstyearsalaryinyourfieldaftergraduation,andusethatasabarometer,buteventhen...

W:Isthatright?

M:Well,youaretalkingbigpaymentseveninthatinstance,forexample,30,000dollarsworthofdebt.Ifyouaregonnarepaythatover10years,youaretalkingmorethan300dollarsamonththat,inpaymentseverymonthfor10years.

W:Butthereissurelymorethanonewaytogetaloanforcollege.Therearegovernmentprograms.Therearesomanykindsofgrants.What"s...what"sthebestadviceforpeoplewhoarelookingfortheseloanstotrytokeepthemselvesfromgoingunder?

M:Iunderstandthatloansarejustonewayofcollegefinance.Takeadvantageoftheotheropportunities.Thingslikeacollegesavingsplanlet...letyousaveonataxadvantagebasis.Soyoucanputmoneyawayintheseaccountsandwithdrawtax-freetopayforthateducation.

W:So,it"simportanttostartearlyandthatreallyreducesthatrelianceondebtlater.

M:Anotherthing,leavenostoneunturned,lookingatgrants,scholarships,evenon-campusjobs.Imeaneverydollaryougetthatwayisseenasanotherdollaryoudon"thavetoborrowlater.

W:Thekindsofjobsthatsomanystudents,freshoffstudents,liketogointo,er,charitystuff,volunteerwork.Thisdebtiseliminatingalotofthat,isn"tit?

M:Ithinkthat"sthesocialcost.Really,Imean...youknow,whenyouconsiderthat,youknow,peoplemaypassuparewardingcareerincharitablework,ornon-profitorganizationbecausetheyhavetogetahighersalarysomeplaceelsetopayoffthatdebt.

W:Yeah,that"sforsure.MarkSpenser,seniorfinancialanalystfromSBCBank.Mark,goodyoucouldbehere.

M:Thankyou.

Whatistheinterviewmainlyabout?

主旨題。根据听力原文可知，對话提到學生贷款的最高额度，根据听力原文可知，學生可以通過多种渠道获取贷款，听力原文提到學生应當尝试通過助學金、奖學金、校内工作机會等渠道来減少负债。综合来看，對话围绕应當怎样处理大學贷款問題展開，因此C為答案。對话中并没有過多地談论學生贷款的不利方面，故排除A；對话中并未提及政府资助，故排除B；對话中并没有列举學生实际支付教育费用的方式，故排除D。

A.Ithasincreasedby6to8%.

√

B.Ithasincreasedby8to10%.

C.Ithasdecreasedby6to8%.

D.Ithasdecreasedby8to10%.解析：[听力原文]

Howdoesthecostofcollegeeducationchangeeveryyear?

细节題。根据听力原文可知，大學教育费用每年都會上涨6%到8%，因此A為答案。

A.Student"sfamilyincome.

B.Firstyearsalaryaftergraduation.

√

C.Afixedamountof30,000dollars.

D.Paymentinthenexttenyears.解析：[听力原文]

Whatisusedtomeasurestudentloandebtasaguideline?

细节題。根据听力原文可知，判断學生贷款数目与否太高的壹种指导原则就是参照你所在行业毕业後第壹年的收入，并把它當作壹种晴雨表，因此B為答案。

A.Studentscanborrowmoneyfirst.

B.Studentspaynotaxonsavings.

C.Studentspaylesstaxaftergraduation.

D.Studentswithdrawwithoutpayingtax.

√解析：[听力原文]

Whatistheadvantageofjoiningacollegesavingsplan?

细节題。根据听力原文可知，高校储蓄计划可以使人們由于免税而省钱，因此可以先将钱存入這些账户，然後不用缴纳税款就可以取款，以此来支付學费，因此D為答案。

A.Givingupcharitableorvolunteerwork.

√

B.Neglectingtheirstudyatcollege.

C.Givingupfurthereducation.

D.Neglectinghighsalaryinjob-seeking.解析：[听力原文]

Whatisthepossiblesocialcostofacollegeloan?

推断題。由听力原文可知，女士提到了某些有关慈善工作和志愿工作的問題，男士說這是社會成本；由听力原文可知，男士认為人們會放弃在慈善机构或非盈利组织中故意义的工作，由于他們為了還清债务，必须选择其他工资更高的地方，因此A為答案。七、PARTⅢLANGUAGEKNOWLEDGE(總題数：20，分数：20.00)2.HowcanIconcentrateifyou______continually______mewithsillyquestions?

（分数：1.00）

A.errupted

√

B.errupted

C.errupting

D.errupting解析：時态題。本句中，continually壹詞表明interrupt這壹動作反复進行。表达不停反复的動作可以用目前進行時或目前完毕時。目前進行時用于少数瞬间動詞，可表达不停反复的動作；目前完毕時常可表达過去反复的動作，常与always，often，manytimes等状語连用。結合本句句意可知，“打扰”這壹動作持续了壹段時间，在過去反复進行，并且對目前导致影响，符合目前完毕時的使用方法，故本題答案為A。选项B語态不對，选项C時态不對，均可排除；本句只是陈說事实，不波及虚拟語气，若选D，则主從句時态不壹致，排除D。3.Amongthefoursentencesbelow,Sentence______expressesthehighestdegreeofpossibility.

（分数：1.00）

A.Itmaytakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

B.Itmighttakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

C.Itcouldtakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

D.Itshouldtakealongtimetofindasolutiontotheproblem.

√解析：情态動詞題。情态動詞中，除了need和dare以外，其他情态動詞都可以表达也許性，不過它們表达也許性的程度不壹样，按照從弱到强、從或然性到必然性排列依次是：might，may，could，can，should，oughtto，would，must，因此D為答案。4.Sheisabetterspeakerthan______intheclass.

（分数：1.00）

A.anyboy

√

B.theotherboys

C.otheranygirl

D.allthegirls解析：限定詞使用方法題。根据題干和选项可知，題干中的she要么是与班上其他女孩進行比较，要么是与班上所有男孩進行比较。指在同壹范围内除了某人或某物以外的所有其他的人或事物，用“theother+复数名詞”，B中的boys改為girls才是同壹范围，因此排除B；指在同壹范围内除了某人或某物以外的任何壹种人或事物，用“anyother+單数名詞”或者“anyoftheother+复数名詞”，如：ShanghaiislargerthananyothercityinChina.故排除C和D；相比较的两者不在同壹范围或不属于同壹类别時，则不用other，如：ShanghaiislargerthananycityinIndia.此時any与單数可数名詞搭配，则相称于every，表达全体中的“任何壹种”，因此A為答案。5.Nobodyheardhimsing,______.

（分数：1.00）

A.didone

B.didhe

C.didn"tthey

D.didthey

√解析：反意疑問句題。反意疑問句由两部分构成：前壹部分是壹种陈說句，後壹部分是壹种简短的疑問句，两部分的人称和時态应保持壹致。疑問句的主語和陈說部分的主語保持壹致，都用主格形式，當陈說部分的主語是one時，背面的疑問句才用one(或者he)，故排除A；反意疑問句重要有两种形式：陈說部分肯定式+疑問部分否认式(前肯後否)；陈說部分否认式+疑問部分肯定式(前否後肯)，題干中陈說部分的主語nobody為否认詞，因此疑問部分应當用肯定式，故排除C；當陈說部分的主語是somebody，someone，everybody，everyone，nobody等不定代詞時，其疑問部分的主語用they，因此D為答案，同步排除B。6.Ican"tputupwith______.

（分数：1.00）

A.thatfriendofyou

B.thatfriendofyours

√

C.thefriendofyou

D.thefriendofyours解析：限定詞使用方法題。名詞性物主代詞修饰名詞時，不可与a，an，this，that等詞壹起前置，必须使用双重所有格(即of+名詞性物主代詞)作定語放在名詞背面，其构成形式為：a/an/this/that+名詞+of+名詞性物主代詞，因此B為答案。此类构造中，名詞前壹般不用the，排除D。7.Therehasbeenanincreasingnumberof______inprimaryschoolsinthepastfewyears.

（分数：1.00）

A.manteacher

B.menteacher

C.manteachers

D.menteachers

√解析：名詞使用方法題。“anumberof+复数名詞”，意為“大量……，許多……”，故排除A和B；名詞修饰名詞時，壹般状况下，不管被修饰的名詞是單数還是复数，作定語用的名詞壹律用單数形式，但由man或woman作定語修饰名詞時，其單复数形式由它背面的名詞来决定，背面的名詞是單数時，man或woman用單数形式；背面的名詞是复数時，则用复数形式，因此D為答案。8.Thisisoneoftheissuesthatdeserve______.

（分数：1.00）

A.beingmentioned

B.mentioning

√

C.tomention

D.formention解析：非谓語動詞題。deserve意為“应得，值得”，其後接不定式，若背面所接的動詞表达积极意义，则用不定式的积极式todo；若背面所接的動詞表达被動意义，则用不定式的被動式tobedone或者動名詞doing(即用积极形式表达被動意义)。类似的動詞尚有need，want和require等。題干中that引导的定語從句修饰先行詞issues，作從句主語，根据句意，“問題”应當是“值得被提到”，因此B為答案，即mentioning积极形式表达被動意义。9.Theaudience______excitedonseeing______favoritestarglideontothestage.

（分数：1.00）

A.were...their

√

B.were...its

C.was...their

D.was...one"s解析：主谓壹致題。本題考察的是集体名詞作主語時的主谓壹致問題。audience属于集体名詞，形式為單数，但意义有單、复数之分：若强调整体，表达單数意义，谓語動詞用單数；若强调其個体组员，表达复数意义，谓語動詞则用复数。在使用此类集体名詞時应尤其注意的是，在壹种句子中前後意义不可自相矛盾，即集体名詞用作單数時，除了接單数動詞外，對应的人称代詞或补足語也要用單数，反之则用复数，因此A為答案。10.______youradvice,Iwouldhavemadethewrongdecision.

（分数：1.00）

A.Hadn"titbeenfor

B.Haditnotbeenfor

√

C.Haditbeenfor

D.Hadnotitbeenfor解析：虚拟語气題。在if引导的虚拟条件句中，句型ifithadn"tbeenfor表达与過去的事实相反，意為“要不是，若非”，根据句意，排除C；當虚拟条件句的從句部分具有were，should或had時，可省略if，把were，should或had挪至從句句首，构成倒装构造。若從句為否认句，否认詞not应置于主語之後，而不能与were，should或had等缩略成Weren"t，Shouldn"t或Hadn"t置于句首，因此B為答案。11.ThesentenceIwishIhadbeenmorecarefulinspendingmoneyexpressesthespeaker"s______.

（分数：1.00）

A.hope

B.joy

C.regret

√

D.relief解析：虚拟語气題。動詞wish後接宾語從句時，從句谓語要用虚拟語气。若表达与目前事实相反的愿望，從句谓語用壹般過去時或過去進行時；若對過去发生的事情表达遗憾或懊悔，從句谓語用過去完毕時或would/couldhavedone；若對未来发生的事情表达祝愿或愿望時，從句谓語用would/coulddo。題干中wish之後的宾語從句是過去完毕時，并且句意也表明說话人對自已之前乱花钱感到非常懊悔，因此C為答案。12.TheAttorneyGeneralorderedafederalautopsyofBrown"sbody,seekingto______thefamilyandcommunitytherewouldbeathoroughinvestigationintohisdeath.

（分数：1.00）

A.ensure

B.insure

C.assure

√

D.ascertain解析：動詞辨析題。A．ensure意為“保证，保证”，即保证某事发生(tomakesurethatsth.happens)，其後往往不跟间接宾語sb.，常用构造為：①ensuresth.；②ensure+that-clause；③ensure+宾語+宾語补足語；B．insure意為“投保”，与題意不符；C．assure意為“向……保证，使……确信”，即向某人保证某事将要发生，既可以用来确证某事，也可以表达使某人确信，assure的宾語壹般是人或人称代詞，其後不能直接跟that-clause，常用构造為：①assuresb.+that-clause；②assuresb.ofsth.；D．ascertain意為“确定，查明”，壹般指意识到了自已的無知之後通過故意识的努力来弄清真相或找出事实，与題意不符。題干中，thefamilyandcommunity為间接宾語，therewouldbeathoroughinvestigationintohisdeath為省略了that的從句，作直接宾語，因此C為答案。13.Thepolicedepartmentcameunderstrongcriticismforboththedeathofanunarmedmananditshandlingofthe______.

（分数：1.00）

A.consequence

B.outcome

C.result

D.aftermath

√解析：名詞辨析題。A．consequence意為“成果；後果”，多指随某壹事件引起的，必然或自然的不良成果，但也可用于表达某抽象概念的成果，此時可与result互换；B．outcome意為“成果，結局”，指预先不懂得的成果或結局；C．result意為“成果”，壹般用詞，含义广泛，指做某事产生的直接成果，或指某抽象概念的成果；D．aftermath意為“後果，余波”，指发生天灾人祸之後随之而来的不良的，甚至更严重的後果或余波，如：dealwiththeaftermathofthetrafficaccident(处理這次交通事故的善後工作)。根据句意，警察部门饱受训斥并非是由于其對男子死亡事件成果的处理，而是對该事件後续工作的处理，因此D為答案。14.TheForeignSecretarytriedto______doubtsabouthishandlingofthecrisis.

（分数：1.00）

A.dispel

√

B.expel

C.repel

D.quell解析：動詞辨析題。A．dispel意為“消除”，即tomakesth.，especiallyafeelingorbelief，goawayordisappear，原指壹物使另壹物分散消失，從“驱散”引申出“消除”疑虑、恐惊、误會等，根据句意，A為答案。B．expel意為“驱逐；開除”，与題意不符；C．repel意為“抵制；使……厌惡”，与題意不符；D．quell意為“制止；平息；弹压”，即toendasituationinwhichpeoplearebehavingviolentlyorprotesting,especiallybyusingforce，虽然quell也有“消除”之意，但壹般用在文學中，且結合本題句意和搭配可知，quell不如dispel合适，故排除。15.Mutualfundsarethusbestforinvestorswhodon"twanttotakethetimetostudystocksindetailorwho______theresourcestobuildaportfolio.

（分数：1.00）

A.deprive

B.lack

√

C.yearn

D.attain解析：動詞辨析題。A．deprive意為“使……丧失，剥夺”，常用构造為deprivesb.ofsth.；B．lack意為“缺乏”；C．yearn意為“渴望”，常用构造為yearnforsth./sb.或yearntodosth.；D．attain意為“得到，获得”。该句中，or连接了两個定語從句，or连接并列构造時，前後两個成分必须壹致，第壹种定語從句為否认句，第二個定語從句也应表达否认含义，故根据句意，B為答案。16.Chrisran______Johnatasporting-goodstradeshowandthetwoquicklystruck______aneasyrapport.

（分数：1.00）

A.into...up

√

B.o

C.across...on

D.o解析：詞组辨析題。runinto意為“偶尔遇見；撞上”，strikeup意為“建立(友谊，关系等)；開始演奏(乐曲)”；runon意為“持续(超過预定的時间)”，strikeinto意為“忽然進入；忽然開始”；runacross意為“偶尔遇見；跑著穿過”，strikeon意為“发現；想出”；runagainst意為“偶尔遇見；与……相撞”。根据句意，A為答案。17."Iamleavingthecountrysoon,"hetolda______convenedgroupofreporters.

（分数：1.00）

A.especially

B.particularly

C.specially

√

D.specifically解析：副詞辨析題。A．especially意為“尤其，尤其是”，相称于inparticular，表达某事物在意义、程度、重要性上超過其他事物，突出到“尤其地”的程度，壹般用来對前面所述的事件進行深入阐明或补充，多用于正式文体；B．particularly意為“尤其地”，往往著重阐明与同类事物不壹样的個别事物；C．specially意為“特意地，专门地”，相称于onpurpose，表达為了某壹特定目的而“特意”或“专门”采用某壹方式做某事；D．specifically意為“明确地，详细地”，相称于indetail，給出详细的信息。根据句意，C為答案。18.IsraelandHamashadreachedadealonextendingthe______ceasefirebyanextra24hoursuntilTuesdayatmidnight.

（分数：1.00）

A.contemporary

B.makeshift

C.spontaneous

D.temporary

√解析：形容詞辨析題。A．contemporary意為“現代的，同步代的”；B．makeshift意為“临時替代的，权宜的”，如：Theymadeamakeshifttablefromboxes.(他們把箱子做成壹张临時用的桌子。)C．spontaneous意為“自发的，自然的”；D．temporary意為“临時的，临時的”，即lastingorintendedtolastonlyforashorttime，如：temporarywork(临時工作)。根据句意，D為答案。19.______tounpluggingthealarmclockandtrustingyourabilitytowakeontimeonyourown,youshouldprobablyeaseyourselfintothenewarrangementbykeepingaveryregularscheduleforseveralweeks.

（分数：1.00）

A.Due

B.Prior

√

C.Related

D.Thanks解析：詞组辨析題。dueto意為“由于”，引导原因状語；priorto意為“在……之前”，引导時间状語；relatedto意為“与……有关”，引导伴随状語；thanksto意為“由于，幸亏”，引导原因状語。根据句意，B為答案。20.Ifyouareanathlete,strongabdominalmuscleshelpyouensureastrongbackandfreedomfrominjuryduring______upper-bodymovement.

（分数：1.00）

A.valiant

B.variable

C.vigilant

D.vigorous

√解析：形容詞辨析題。A．valiant意為“英勇的，勇敢的”；B．variable意為“多变的，易变的”；C．vigilant意為“警惕的，警醒的”；D．vigorous意為“强有力的(运動、活動)；精力充沛的(人)”。根据句意，D為答案。21.Finningisacruel______inwhichtheshark"sfinsareloppedoff,andthelivesharkisthrownbacktosea.

（分数：1.00）

A.reality

B.truth

C.practice

√

D.skill解析：名詞辨析題。A．reality用作可数名詞時，意為“事实；实际經历”；B．truth用作可数名詞時，意為“真理”；C．practice意為“做法，行為”；D．skill意為“技能，技术”。根据句意，C為答案。八、PARTⅣCLOZE(總題数：1，分数：10.00)A.ampleB.combinationsC.directlyD.disseminatedE.generations

F.genuinelyG.insteadH.listsI.promulgatedJ.publicized

K.scantL.shapedM.sophisticatedN.transplantedO.virtual

Imagineaworldwithoutwriting.Obviouslytherewouldbenobooks:nonovels,noencyclopedias,nocookbooks,notextbooks,notelephonebooks,noscriptures,nodiaries,notravelguides.Therewouldbenoball-points,notypewriters,nocomputers,noInternet,nomagazines,nomoviecredits,noshoppinglists,nonewspapers,notaxreturns.Butsuch1ofobjectsalmostmissthepoint.Theworldweliveinhasbeenindeliblymarkedbythewrittenword,2bythetechnologyofwritingoverthousandsofyears.Ancientkingsproclaimedtheirauthorityand3theirlawsinwriting.Scribesadministeredgreatempiresbywriting,theirknowledgeofrecordingandretrievinginformationessentialtogoverningcomplexsocieties.Religioustraditionswerepassedonthrough4,andspreadtoothers,inwriting.Scientificandtechnologicalprogresswasachievedand5throughwriting.Accountsintradeandcommercecouldbekeptbecauseofwriting.Nearlyeverystepofcivilizationhasbeenmediatedthroughwriting.Aworldwithoutwritingwouldbear6resemblancetotheonewenowlivein.Writingisa7necessitytothesocietiesanthropologistscallcivilizations.Acivilizationisdistinguishedfromothersocietiesbythecomplexityofitssocialorganization,byitsconstructionofcitiesandlargepublicbuildings,andbytheeconomicspecializationofitsmembers,manyofwhomarenot8involvedinfoodprocurementorproduction.Acivilization,withitstaxationandtributesystems,itstradeanditspublicworks,requiresa9systemofrecordkeeping.AndsotheearlycivilizationsofEgypt,China,and(probably)Indiaalldevelopedasystemofwriting.OnlythePeruviancivilizationoftheIncasandtheirpredecessorsdidnotusewritingbut10inventedasystemofkeepingrecordsonknottedcolor-codedstringsknownasquipu.（分数：10.00）解析：H空格前面是such，背面是介詞of，因此空格处应填入名詞。由空格句之前的两個存在句可知，没有文字，世界上就没有許多東西，再根据上下文可推断，此处应填入lists“清單”，指代上文罗列的物品，故H為答案。解析：L分析句子构造可知，逗号之前是完整的被動句，因此逗号之後的成分应是状語或定語，結合空格後的bythetechnolog