陕西省渭南市大荔县2023-2024学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1陕西省渭南市大荔县2023-2024学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThere’snobetterwayforustolearnabouttheamazingcreaturesthatshareourplanetthanup-closeandpersonalanimalencounters.ResearchingOceanCreaturesintheMaldivesTheMarineLifeDiscoveryCenterintheMaldivesisagreatplacetolearnaboutallkindsofoceananimals.Youcanjointhescientistsandhelpprotecttheoceanenvironment.Moreover,thecenterrunsarescueprogramforseaturtles.HelpingBabyElephantsinKenyaRetetiElephantSanctuaryischildren’sfavoriteplace.Thiscenterissetuptosavebabyelephants,andvisitorscaninteractwiththebabieswhilegivingfoodtothem.However,manyotherkindsofwildlifealsoenduphere.ThisisauniqueplacetointeractwithAfricananimalsofallshapesandsizes.ConservingRhinos(犀牛)inSouthAfricaThetwonewMaratabaConservationCampswillgiveyounewexperiences.Visitorsareexpectedtotakepartinallresearchprojectsandwillseewildlifeandgettocollectrelatedinformation.RhinoConservationisattheheartofMarataba,whichhaswonderfulviewsoftheWaterbergMountains.FindingRareAnimalsinNewZealandNewZealandisfilledwithuniqueanimals,likethetuatara,ananimalthatlivedonEarthbeforetheemergenceofhumancivilizationanditsclosestrelativediedoutduringtheageofthedinosaurs.YoucangotoSouthlandMuseumandArtGallerytomeetoneorspottheminthewildonTiritiriMatangiIsland.1.WhatcanvisitorsdointheRetetiElephantSanctuary?A.Feedbabyelephants. B.Joininelephantrescueprograms.C.Carryoutresearchprojects. D.Interactwithvariousuniqueanimals.2.Whereareprehistoricanimalloversmostlikelytogo?A.Kenya. B.TheMaldives. C.SouthAfrica. D.NewZealand.3.Whydoestheauthorwritethetext?A.Tointroducefourspecialcountries. B.Tosharetheauthor’sanimalencounters.C.Torecommendsomewildlifetrips. D.Toraiseawarenessofanimalprotection.〖答案〗1.A2.D3.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向读者介绍了四个能跟野生动物近距离接触的行程。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据HelpingBabyElephantsinKenya部分中“RetetiElephantSanctuaryischildren’sfavoriteplace.Thiscenterissetuptosavebabyelephants,andvisitorscaninteractwiththebabieswhilegivingfoodtothem.(Reteti大象保护区是孩子们最喜欢的地方。这个中心是为了拯救小象而设立的，游客可以在给小象喂食的同时与它们互动)”可知，在雷泰蒂大象保护区，游客可以喂象宝宝。故选A。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“NewZealandisfilledwithuniqueanimals,likethetuatara,ananimalthatlivedonEarthbeforetheemergenceofhumancivilizationanditsclosestrelativediedoutduringtheageofthedinosaurs.(新西兰到处都是独特的动物，比如鳄蜥，这种动物在人类文明出现之前就生活在地球上，它的近亲在恐龙时代灭绝了)”可知，史前动物爱好者最有可能会去新西兰。故选D。【3题详析】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“There’snobetterwayforustolearnabouttheamazingcreaturesthatshareourplanetthanup-closeandpersonalanimalencounters.(对我们来说，没有比近距离接触动物更好的方式来了解我们这个星球上的神奇生物了)”以及下文小标题中的“OceanCreatures”、“BabyElephants”“Rhinos(犀牛)”、“RareAnimals”可知，本文主要向读者推荐了四个可以和野生动物近距离接触的行程。故选C。BInmychildhood,myparentswouldtakemetowatchgames.IlovedtheexcitementIwouldfeelwhenwewenttowatchtheseevents,especiallywhenthescoreswerecloseuntiltheveryendofthegame.MymeaningfulattemptatsportsbeganwithT-ballattheageofthree,progressedtothebasketballcourtatsix,andfinallyturnedintoafirmdevotiontothegameofbaseballfromtheageofeightonward.OneofmymostmemorablemomentswasattheWorldSerieswhenIwaselevenandplayedontheTexasRattlers.TheJulyheatwasunbearable.Itwasthesemi-finalgame.Sweatinglikeapig,weranintothedugoutforourlastat-bat(上场击球);weweredownonerunnow.Iwasthesecondhitterandcaptainoftheteam,andIwasreadyforthismoment.Inthenextfewseconds,Ihadthechancetoshowmystrengthasahitterandmyabilitytobealeaderunderpressurebyhittingahomerun!Wecarriedtheday!Astheteamcaptain,IrememberthetimeIhadtogiveaspeechtomyteambecausewehadlostanimportantgame.Iwasnervous,butIknewitwasmyresponsibilitytocheermyteamupwhentheywerecastdown.Thisexperiencehasshapedmymind,makingmebecomemoreindependent,soI’mobtainingtheabilitytotalklikealeaderinfrontofmyteamandagroup.Sportsgetitthroughmyheadthatyoucan’twinateverythinginlifeallthetime.Onandofthefield,Iammoreiron-willed,disciplined(遵守纪律的)andrespectful,andabetterleader.Ihavehadsomanyawesomeexperiencesthroughsports,whichhavetaughtmemuchandpreparedmeforthefuture.ThememoriesofallthetripsanddiverseexperiencesIhavehadwillbewithmeforalifetime.4.Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Heoftenswitchedsports. B.Hewasagiftedchildinsports.C.Hehadabusychildhood. D.Hewasfondofsportsfromchildhood.5.Howdidtheauthorfeelduringthesemi-finalattheWorldSeries?A.Stressedandtired. B.Proudandconfident.C.Unbearableanddown. D.Surprisedandenergetic.6.Whatwastoughfortheauthoraccordingtoparagraph3?A.Leadinghisteamtofacefailure. B.Givingaspeechbeforetheteam.C.Improvinghisleadershipqualities. D.Overcominghisownnervousness.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.InterestingLifeofSports B.LifeLessonsfromSportsC.DeepAffectionforSports D.SpecialMomentsinSports〖答案〗4.D5.B6.A7.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者通过体育运动获得的人生感悟。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Inmychildhood,myparentswouldtakemetowatchgames.IlovedtheexcitementIwouldfeelwhenwewenttowatchtheseevents,especiallywhenthescoreswerecloseuntiltheveryendofthegame.MymeaningfulattemptatsportsbeganwithT-ballattheageofthree,progressedtothebasketballcourtatsix,andfinallyturnedintoafirmdevotiontothegameofbaseballfromtheageofeightonward.(在我的童年时代，我的父母会带我去看比赛。我喜欢当我们去看这些比赛时所感受到的兴奋，尤其是当比分在最后关头仍然不相上下的时候。我三岁的时候，就开始有意义地尝试体育运动，从儿童棒球开始，六岁时开始打篮球，从八岁开始，我就对棒球产生了浓厚的兴趣。)”可推知，作者自幼就喜爱体育运动。故选D。【5题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“OneofmymostmemorablemomentswasattheWorldSerieswhenIwaselevenandplayedontheTexasRattlers.TheJulyheatwasunbearable.Itwasthesemi-finalgame.Sweatinglikeapig,weranintothedugoutforourlastat-bat(上场击球);weweredownonerunnow.Iwasthesecondhitterandcaptainoftheteam,andIwasreadyforthismoment.Inthenextfewseconds,Ihadthechancetoshowmystrengthasahitterandmyabilitytobealeaderunderpressurebyhittingahomerun!Wecarriedtheday!(我最难忘的时刻之一，就是十一岁时我代表德克萨斯响尾蛇队参加世界大赛的时候。七月的酷热让人难以忍受。那是一场半决赛。我们像猪一样汗流浃背，冲进球员休息区进行最后一次击球；我们现在落后一分。我是队里的第二击球手和队长，我已经为这个时刻做好了准备。在接下来的几秒钟里，我有机会通过打出全垒打来展示我作为击球手的力量和在压力下作为领袖的能力！我们赢得了那天的比赛！)”可知，在作者难忘的一场半决赛中，在球队落后一分的情况下，他打出了本垒打，展示了他作为击球员的实力及球队队长的抗压能力，让球队赢得了比赛。通过这些描述，我们可以推断出，作者应是为此感到骄傲自豪的和自信的。故选B。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Astheteamcaptain,IrememberthetimeIhadtogiveaspeechtomyteambecausewehadlostanimportantgame.Iwasnervous,butIknewitwasmyresponsibilitytocheermyteamupwhentheywerecastdown.Thisexperiencehasshapedmymind,makingmebecomemoreindependent,soI’mobtainingtheabilitytotalklikealeaderinfrontofmyteamandagroup.Sportsgetitthroughmyheadthatyoucan’twinateverythinginlifeallthetime.(作为队长，我记得有一次我不得不给我的球队演讲，因为我们输掉了一场重要的比赛。我很紧张，但我知道，当我的团队情绪低落时，我有责任让他们振作起来。这段经历塑造了我的思想，让我变得更加独立，所以我获得了在团队和团队面前像领导者一样说话的能力。体育运动让我明白，你不可能一直在生活中赢得一切。)”可知，作者认为困难的事是带领球队勇敢面对失败。故选A。【7题详析】主旨大意题。文章第一段介绍了作者从小就喜爱体育运动；第二段讲的是作者体育运动中的高光时刻；第三段讲的是体育运动教会作者接受失败；最后一段总结了体育运动教给作者很多东西，且这些经历和记忆将陪伴作者一生。由此可知，这篇文章主要讲述了作者通过体育运动获得的人生感悟，所以B项“LifeLessonsfromSports(体育带给我们的人生感悟)”是本文最好的标题。故选B。CSometimespeoplecomeintoyourlifeandyouknowrightawaythattheyaremeanttobethere…toservesomesortofpurpose,teachyoualessonorhelpfigureoutwhoyouareorwhoyouwanttobecome.Youneverknowwhothesepeoplemaybebut,whenyoulockeyeswiththem,youknowthateverymomenttheywillaffectyourlifeinaprofoundway.Andsometimesthingshappentoyouatthetimethatmayseemhorrible,painfulandunfairbut,uponreflection,yourealizethatwithoutovercomingthosehardships,youwouldhaveneverrealizedyourpotential,strength,willpowerorheart.Everythinghappensforareason.Nothinghappensbymeansofgoodluck.Illness,injury,love,lostmomentsoftruegreatnessandabsolutestupidityallhappentotestthelimitsofyoursoul.Withoutthesesmalltests,lifewouldbelikeasmooth,straight,flatroadtonowhere.Safeandcomfortablebutmeaningless.Thepeopleyoumeetaffectyourlife.Thesuccessesandfailuresthatyouexperiencecancreatewhoyouare,andthebadexperiencescanbelearnedfrom.Infact,theyareprobablythemostimportantones.Ifsomeonehurtsyou,betrays(背叛)youorbreaksyourheart,forgivethembecausetheyhavehelpedyoulearnabouttrustandtheimportanceofbeingcarefulwithwhomyouopenyourheartto.Ifsomeonelovesyou,lovethemback,notonlybecausetheyloveyou,butbecausetheyareteachingyoutoloveandopenyourheartandeyestolittlethings.Makeeverydaycount.Appreciateeverymomentandtakefromiteverythingthatyoupossiblycan,foryoumayneverbeabletoexperienceitagain.Talktopeopleyouhavenevertalkedtobefore,andactuallylisten.Holdyourheadupbecauseyouhaveeveryrightto.Tellyourselfyouareanuniqueindividualandbelieveinyourself,forifyoudon’tbelieveinyourself,nooneelsewillbelieveinyou.8.Thefirstparagraphtellsusthat________.A.youwillneverknowwhowillcomeintoyourlifeB.yourlifeissometimesinfluenceddeeplybysomeoneC.youneedhelptojudgewhoyouareinlifeD.youknowsomeonethemomentyoumeethim9.Itcanbeinferredfromthefourthparagraphthat________.A.everythingisatestforyou B.thereisnogoodluckinlifeC.nothinghappensbychance D.thereisalimittoyourlove10.Theunderlinedword“ones”refersto________.A.thepeople B.thesmalltestsC.thesuccesses D.thebadexperiences11.Accordingtothepassage,youareadvisedto________.A.setahigherlifegoal B.openyourhearttoothersC.liveeverydaytothefull D.treatyourselfasagreatperson12.Thewriterdevelopsthepassageby________.A.analyzingdata B.reasoningC.givingexamples D.tellingastory〖答案〗8.B9.C10.D11.C12.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。讲述的是我们要感谢生命中遇到的一切，你所遇到的影响你生命的人，你所经历的成功与失败，都有助于塑造和成就你的人生，你可以做任何想做的事来塑造你的人生。创造你自己的人生，并无怨无悔地去过这一生吧。【8题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometimespeoplecomeintoyourlifeandyouknowrightawaythattheyaremeanttobethere…toservesomesortofpurpose,teachyoualessonorhelpfigureoutwhoyouareorwhoyouwanttobecome.”（有时候，一些人走进你的生活，你马上就知道他们是注定要出现的，为了某种目的，给你上一课，或者帮助你弄清楚你是谁，你想成为什么样的人。）可知，第一段告诉我们，你的生活有时会受到某些人的深刻影响。故选B。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“Everythinghappensforareason.Nothinghappensbymeansofgoodluck.Illness,injury,love,lostmomentsoftruegreatnessandabsolutestupidityallhappentotestthelimitsofyoursoul.”（万事皆有因。没有什么事情是靠运气发生的。疾病、伤害、爱情、失去真正伟大的时刻和绝对的愚蠢，这些都是对你灵魂极限的考验。）可知，从第四段可以推断出没有什么事情是偶然发生的。故选C项。【10题详析】词义猜测题。根据第五段最后两句“Thesuccessesandfailuresthatyouexperiencecancreatewhoyouare,andthebadexperiencescanbelearnedfrom.Infact,theyareprobablythemostimportantones.”（你所经历的成功和失败可以塑造你，而糟糕的经历可以从中吸取教训。事实上，它们可能是最重要的。）可知，最后一句话的主语they指代上文的thebadexperiences，故ones指的是thebadexperiences。故选D项。【11题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Makeeverydaycount.Appreciateeverymomentandtakefromiteverythingthatyoupossiblycan,foryoumayneverbeabletoexperienceitagain.”（让每一天都有意义。珍惜每一刻，尽你所能从中汲取一切，因为你可能永远无法再经历一次。）可知，根据文章内容，作者建议你充实地过好每一天。故选C项。【12题详析】推理判断题。本文主要论证其他人走入“我们”的生活，有着这样或那样的意义，生活中的成功和失败都是有原因的，“我们”应该以充满爱的态度和积极的态度面对生活。所以B项，“阐述理由”符合题意。A项意为“分析数据”，C项意为“举例子”，D项意为“讲故事”，均不符合题意。故选B项。DTheholeintheozone(臭氧)layer,onelayerofthestratosphere(平流层),begantoformoverAntarcticainAugust2023,causingwarningsthatalarger-than-averageholecouldfurtherwarmtheSouthernOceanwhilethelevelofAntarcticseaiceisatarecordlow.Dr.MartinJockerattheUniversityofNewSouthWalessaidtheboleusuallybeganformingattheendofSeptember,peakinginOctoberbeforeclosinginNovemberorDecember.Theozoneholeisanannualthinningofthestrutosphere’sozonelayer,whichhasahighconcentrationofozone.Theholehasbeen“recovering”overtimeandozonelevelsovertheAntarcticareexpectedtoreturnto1980levelsby2066.Thedevelopmentoftheozoneholein2023wasnotadventitious.TheozoneholeisusuallysmallerduringElNiñoyears,butthemodelofJuckersuggesteditwouldbelargerthanusualin2023duetotheunderseaTongavolcanicexplosionin2022,whichwaslikelytohaveanimpactontheozonelayerintheyearsfollowing.InearlyAugust,theformationwasaboutaverageforthedayoftheyear.Thisincreasedrapidlyinthenextfewdays,producingoneofthelargestobservedozoneholesforthetimeofyear.TheexplosionoftheTongavolcanobroughtalargeamountofwatervapour(蒸气)intothestratosphere.“Itwasabout150megatonnes.Afactorofaboutthreetimesmorewatervapourthanweusuallyhave,”saidJucker.Icecloudsforminthestratospherewhenthereismorewatervapourthanusual,allowingtinyozone-destructingsubstancestogatherthere.JuckersaidhewasconcernedabouttheimpactoftheholeonAntarcticseaice,whichhasbeenatrecordlowlevels.13.WhatdoweknowabouttheAntarcticozonehole?A.Ithappenseveryyear. B.Itkeepsatabalancedlevel.C.Ittendstoworsenannually. D.Itremainsthelargestonrecord.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adventitious”inparagraph3mean?A.Reasonable. B.Unsettled. C.Rare. D.Unexpected.15.WhatistheresultoftheTongavolcanicexplosionaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Thedisappearanceofozone. B.Theatmosphericchanges.C.Thedecreaseofwatervapour. D.Theformationofdestructivesubstances.16.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.StratosphereFacesNewThreats B.OzoneLevelsAreChangingContinuouslyC.OzoneHoleFormsEarlierThanUsual D.VolcanicExplosionProducesGlobalEffect〖答案〗13.A14.D15.B16.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是由于汤加海底火山的爆发引起大气变化，2023年南极洲上空臭氧空洞提前出现。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Theozoneholeisanannualthinningofthestrutosphere’sozonelayer,whichhasahighconcentrationofozone.(臭氧空洞是臭氧浓度很高的结构层臭氧层每年变薄的现象)”可知，南极臭氧空洞每年都会发生，故选A。【14题详析】词句猜测题。根据第三段“TheozoneholeisusuallysmallerduringElNiñoyears,butthemodelofJuckersuggesteditwouldbelargerthanusualin2023duetotheunderseaTongavolcanicexplosionin2022,whichwaslikelytohaveanimpactontheozonelayerintheyearsfollowing.(在厄尔尼诺年期间，臭氧空洞通常较小，但Jucker的模型显示，由于2022年汤加海底火山爆发，2023年臭氧空洞将比平时更大，这可能会在接下来的几年里对臭氧层产生影响)”可知，2023年的臭氧空洞的发展是提前预料到的，也就是不是偶然发生的，因此画线词的含义为“偶然发生的，非计划中的”，和unexpected意思相近，故选D。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“TheexplosionoftheTongavolcanobroughtalargeamountofwatervapour(蒸气)intothestratosphere.“Itwasabout150megatonnes.Afactorofaboutthreetimesmorewatervapourthanweusuallyhave,”saidJucker.Icecloudsforminthestratospherewhenthereismorewatervapourthanusual,allowingtinyozone-destructingsubstancestogatherthere.(汤加火山的爆发将大量的水蒸气带入了平流层。“大约有1.5亿吨。大约是我们通常拥有的水蒸气的三倍，”Jucker说。当水蒸气比平时多的时候，平流层就会形成冰云，使得破坏臭氧层的微小物质聚集在那里)”可知，火山喷发向平流层排放大量水蒸气，当平流层中的水蒸气比平常多时，会形成冰云，破坏臭氧层的微粒会在那里聚集。由此可推知，汤加火山爆发引起了大气的变化。故选B。【16题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Theholeintheozonelayer,onelayerofthestratosphere(平流层),begantoformoverAntarcticainAugust2023,causingwarningsthatalarger-than-averageholecouldfurtherwarmtheSouthernOceanwhilethelevelofAntarcticseaiceisatarecordlow.Dr.MartinJockerattheUniversityofNewSouthWalessaidtheboleusuallybeganformingattheendofSeptember,peakinginOctoberbeforeclosinginNovemberorDecember.(平流层的臭氧层空洞于2023年8月开始在南极洲上空形成，有人警告说，一个比平均水平更大的空洞可能会进一步使南大洋变暖，而南极海冰的水平处于历史最低水平。新南威尔士大学的MartinJocker博士说，这个洞通常在9月底开始形成，在10月达到顶峰，然后在11月或12月关闭)”可知，本文在首段讲到臭氧空洞通常在九月底开始形成，但2023年提前了，在八月份就开始形成了。接着，作者围绕该话题介绍了臭氧空洞的特点、对这种现象的研究以及这种现象的成因等。故C项“OzoneHoleFormsEarlierThanUsual(臭氧空洞比平常形成得更早)”适合作标题。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’shappenedtoallofus:asongcomesontheradio,andweareimmediatelytransportedbacktoatimeinourpast.____17____Thereareafewthingsthatconnecttuneswithourmemories.Musicisoftenanecessaryelementofmanyimportantlifeevents,anditisalsoveryeffectiveinarrestingourattention.____18____Besides,theemotionalnatureofmusichelpsmakeitparticularlymemorable.Weoftenbecomefamiliarwithapieceofmusicbecausewehearitasbackgroundmusic.Themorefamiliarapieceofmusicis,themoreeffectiveitisinbringingbackmemories.____19____ThereasonisthatwearefarmorelikelytohearasongoverandoveragainthantowatchafilmoraTVprogrammeinthesameway.TiffanyJenkins,writingforaculturecolumn,hasadifferentopinion:____20____Shetellsushowthroughouthistoryoralcultureshavepassedimportantknowledgefromgenerationtogenerationthroughsongsbecauseofthischaracteristic.Therhythm(韵律)andrhymeinlinesofsongsallserveasmemoryaids.____21____Thisfactcorrespondswithwhatmanyexpertscallthe“reminiscencebump(怀旧性记忆)”,whereolderadults(overforty)haveincreasedrecollectionofeventsthatoccurredduringtheiradolescenceandearlyadulthood.It’sclearthatourmemoriesandmusicarecloselylinked—tothepointthatmusicisbeingusedtohelpAlzheimer’sdiseasesufferersaccessmemoriesthattheythoughttheyhadlost.A.Familiarityisimportant.B.Musicitselfiseasytoremember.C.Butwhatmakesmusicsoeffectiveindoingthis?D.Ourmusicalpreferenceusuallyformsduringourteens.E.Thisappliestomusicmorethanotherculturalproducts.F.Popmusicespeciallycanbeconnectedwithanimportantmemory.G.Musicandtheselifeeventsarelikelytobelinkedtogetherinourmemories.〖答案〗17.C18.G19.E20.B21.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章对音乐为什么总是会唤起人们的某些回忆进行了解释。【17题详析】根据前文“It’shappenedtoallofus:asongcomesontheradio,andweareimmediatelytransportedbacktoatimeinourpast.(我们每个人都有过这样的经历：收音机里响起一首歌，我们立刻被传送回过去的某个时间。)”和后文“Thereareafewthingsthatconnecttuneswithourmemories.(有一些东西可以将音乐与我们的记忆联系起来。)”可知，此处是指音乐是如何与我们的回忆联系在一起的，所以选项C“但是什么让音乐在这方面如此有效呢？”切合文意。故选C。【18题详析】根据前文“Musicisoftenanecessaryelementofmanyimportantlifeevents,anditisalsoveryeffectiveinarrestingourattention.(音乐往往是许多重要生活事件的必要元素，它也非常有效地吸引我们的注意力。)”可知，此处是指因此音乐和生活事件有可能在我们的记忆里产生联系，所以选项G“音乐和这些生活事件很可能在我们的记忆中联系在一起。”切合文意。故选G。【19题详析】根据后文“ThereasonisthatwearefarmorelikelytohearasongoverandoveragainthantowatchafilmoraTVprogrammeinthesameway.(原因是我们更有可能一遍又一遍地听一首歌，而不是用同样的方式看电影或电视节目。)”可知，此处是指比起电影或电视节目等音乐更有可能唤起回忆，所以选项E“比起其他文化产品，这更适用于音乐。”切合文意。故选E。【20题详析】根据后文“Shetellsushowthroughouthistoryoralcultureshavepassedimportantknowledgefromgenerationtogenerationthroughsongsbecauseofthischaracteristic.Therhythm(韵律)andrhymeinlinesofsongsallserveasmemoryaids.(她告诉我们，由于这一特点，在整个历史中，口头文化是如何通过歌曲将重要的知识代代相传的。歌词的节奏和韵律都可以帮助记忆。)”可知，此处是指音乐容易记忆，所以选项B“音乐本身很容易记住。”切合文意。故选B。【21题详析】根据后文“Thisfactcorrespondswithwhatmanyexpertscallthe“reminiscencebump(怀旧性记忆)”,whereolderadults(overforty)haveincreasedrecollectionofeventsthatoccurredduringtheiradolescenceandearlyadulthood.(这一事实与许多专家所说的“怀旧性记忆”相吻合，即老年人（40岁以上）对青春期和成年早期发生的事件的回忆增加。)”可知，此处是指我们的音乐喜好通常形成于青少年时期，所以选项D“我们的音乐偏好通常在青少年时期形成。”切合文意。故选D。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ihavebeenoneofthosemenwhosetthesamegoalseveryyearbutrarely___22___anyofthem.Istartedhotandreadyfora___23___yeareachyearbutthatenergy___24___bytheendofFebruary.Icametotheendofeachyearfeeling___25___.Attheendof2016,Ireachedmy___26___point.Iwastiredofbeingoverweightandbroke,___27___topaymybills,in___28___relationships,andfeelinglikea(n)___29___tothoseinmylife.Isaid“enough”,andstartedatthebeginningof2017inaplacethat___30___me—Maui,Hawaii.Ispentmorningsonthebeachreflectingquietlyand___31___mymentalitytoprocesstrauma(创伤).Ispentdays___32___howtopromotemyselfintheareasIwantedto,andIgottowork.IleftMauiachangedman,andthe___33___tobecomingthebestversionofmyselfhasn’tstoppedsince.Oneofmybiggestrealizationswasthe___34___ofputtingmyselffirstandcreatinggoalsconnectedwithwhereIwantedtogoinlife.Self-prioritization(自我优先)hashelpedmecreategoalsIcangohardonallyear.Self-prioritizedgoalshaveledtoabettermeforeveryoneelseinmylife.Lifeismore___35___sincemakingtheshifttoself-prioritizationingoalsetting.Understandingandcarryingoutself-prioritizationinyourgoal-settingcangreatly___36___howyoureachyourgoalsandworkonbecomingthebestversionofyourself.22.A.tried B.ignored C.replaced D.achieved23.A.productive B.joyful C.colorful D.novel24.A.pickedup B.messedup C.turnedaway D.fadedaway25.A.confused B.defeated C.frightened D.unsatisfied26.A.turning B.starting C.breaking D.meeting27.A.intending B.promising C.longing D.struggling28.A.boring B.unhealthy C.dangerous D.direct29.A.example B.pride C.disappointment D.annoyance30.A.impressed B.tested C.attracted D.changed31.A.enjoyed B.connected C.righted D.dreamed32.A.discussing B.studying C.choosing D.judging33.A.journey B.approach C.answer D.solution34.A.ability B.definitions C.importance D.intention35.A.rewarding B.precious C.beautiful D.mysterious36.A.imply B.improve C.contain D.control〖答案〗22.D23.A24.D25.B26.C27.D28.B29.C30.D31.C32.B33.A34.C35.A36.B【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者曾经面临一系列的不顺利，到了崩溃的边缘，于是开始寻求改变，把自己放在第一位，努力成为最好的自己。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我就是那种每年都设定同样目标却很少实现的人——一个也没有实现。A.tried尝试；B.ignored忽视；C.replaced代替；D.achieved实现。根据上文“setthesamegoalseveryyear”此处指没能实现目标。故选D。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每年我都热热闹闹地开始，准备好迎接丰收的一年，但这种活力在2月底就消失了。A.productive多产的；B.joyful快乐的；C.colorful多彩的；D.novel新颖的。根据上文“Istartedhotandreadyfora”指作者每年热闹地制定很多目标，准备好迎接丰收的一年，故选A。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每年我都热热闹闹地开始，准备好迎接丰收的一年，但这种活力在2月底就消失了。A.pickedup捡起；B.messedup弄乱；C.turnedaway转移；D.fadedaway消失。根据上文“butthatenergy”中but表示转折，说明这种活力在2月底就消失了。故选D。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每到年末，我都感到挫败。A.confused困惑的；B.defeated被击败的；C.frightened害怕的；D.unsatisfied不满足的。根据上文可知作者每年都没能实现目标，所以感到挫败。故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2016年底，我到了崩溃的边缘。A.turning转弯；B.starting开始；C.breaking崩溃，打破；D.meeting遇见。后文列举了作者一系列的不顺利，所以是到了崩溃的边缘。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我厌倦了超重和破产，厌倦了挣扎着支付账单，厌倦了不健康的人际关系，厌倦了对生活中的人感到失望。A.intending打算；B.promising承诺；C.longing渴望；D.struggling努力。根据后文“topaymybills”指作者支付账单很挣扎，故选D。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我厌倦了超重和破产，厌倦了挣扎着支付账单，厌倦了不健康的人际关系，厌倦了对生活中的人感到失望。A.boring无聊的；B.unhealthy不健康的；C.dangerous危险的；D.direct直接的。根据上文“Iwastiredofbeingoverweightandbroke”可知，主要列举了作者一系列的不顺利，推测是不健康的关系。故选B。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我厌倦了超重和破产，厌倦了挣扎着支付账单，厌倦了不健康的人际关系，厌倦了对生活中的人感到失望。A.example例子；B.pride骄傲；C.disappointment失望；D.annoyance烦恼。根据上文提到了作者的人际关系不健康，所以是对生活中的人感到失望。故选C。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我说了“够了”，并于2017年初开始在一个改变了我的地方——夏威夷毛伊岛。A.impressed使印象深刻；B.tested测试；C.attracted吸引；D.changed改变。根据后文“howtopromotemyselfintheareasIwantedto,andIgottowork”可知，作者开始在2017年改变自己。故选D。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我每天早上都在海滩上静静地反思，调整自己的心态来处理创伤。A.enjoyed欣赏；B.connected连接；C.righted纠正；D.dreamed梦想。根据后文“mymentalitytoprocesstrauma”指作者调整自己的心态来处理创伤。故选C。【32题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我花了几天时间研究如何在我想要的领域提升自己，然后开始工作。A.discussing讨论；B.studying学习；C.choosing选择；D.judging判断。根据后文“howtopromotemyselfintheareasIwantedto”指作者研究如何在想要的领域提升自己，故选B。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：离开毛伊岛后，我变了一个人，成为最好的自己的旅程从未停止过。A.journey旅程；B.approach方法；C.answer回答；D.solution解决方案。根据后文“tobecomingthebestversionofmyselfhasn’tstoppedsince”可知，作者开始了成为最好的自己的旅程。故选A。【34题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我最大的认识之一就是把自己放在第一位，并制定与我想要的生活方向相关的目标。A.ability能力；B.definitions定义；C.importance重要性；D.intention意图。根据后文“ofputtingmyselffirst”指把自己放在第一位的重要性是作者最大的认识之一。故选C。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：生活变得更有意义了，因为我们在设定目标的时候，改变了自己的优先顺序。A.rewarding有意义的；B.precious宝贵的；C.beautiful美丽的；D.mysterious神秘的。根据后文“makingtheshifttoself-prioritizationingoalsetting”可知，当我们把自己放在了第一位，生活变得更有意义。故选A。【36题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在你的目标设定中理解并执行自我优先级可以极大地改善你实现目标的方式，并努力成为最好的自己。A.imply暗示；B.improve改善；C.contain包含；D.control控制。呼应上文“howtopromotemyself”此处指改善实现目标的方式。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Myrelationshipwithneedleswasnotveryclose.Ionlyrecentlyovercamemyfearofgettingmyblooddrawn.SowhenI____37____(offer)theopportunitytotryacupuncture(针灸)forthefirsttimeformyanxietyand____38____(tense),Iwasuneasy.Anyway,ItriedoutNewYork’snewlyopenedacupuncturestudio,WTHN.Theplaceisbeautiful,simplebutmodern.Myacupuncturistfirstinquired____39____Iwaslookingtoachievebycompletingthissession.ThenIsettledfacedownontotheheatedtableandcomfortablylaythere____40____theguidanceoftheacupuncturist.Sheinserted(插入)hair–thinneedlesintomyanklesandslowlyworkedherwayup,____41____(hit)certainpointsthroughoutmybody,untilshearrivedatmyhead.Witheachneedle,Ifeltabitofpressure,butnopain.Afterallneedleswereinserted,sheexplainedthatIwasgoingtoliein____42____positionforthenext20–25minutestolet____43____(they)workmagic.Theideaofneedlesbeingplacedintocertainpartsofyourbodysoundedlikeahorrorfilmwhen____44____(describe)outloudforme;however,aftertryingacupuncture,Icouldtellyouthatitwas____45____(complete)different.Thisapproachallowedmetocalmdowntotally____46____stepawayfromthethingsthatwerecausingmestresstofocusonmyhealth.〖答案〗37.wasoffered38.tension39.what40.under41.hitting42.the43.them44.described45.completely46.and【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者害怕针，直到最近才克服对抽血的恐惧，所以第一次在纽约的一个针灸馆做针灸时，她内心很忐忑，但结果让作者很意外，针灸让作者完全平静下来，把注意力从那些给她造成压力的事情上移开，专注于她的健康。【37题详析】考查时态和语态。句意：所以，当我第一次有机会尝试用针灸来缓解我的焦虑和紧张时，我感到不安。分析句子结构可知，空处为谓语；结合下文作者针灸的经历可知，作者有了（即被提供了）针灸的机会，所以此处主语I与offer之间是被动关系，再根据主句用的一般过去时可知，从句也用一般过去时。故填wasoffered。【38题详析】考查词性转换。句意：所以，当我第一次有机会尝试用针灸来缓解我的焦虑和紧张时，我感到不安。空处与anxiety并列作宾语，应用tense的名词形式，tension意为“（情绪上的）紧张，烦躁”。故填tension。【39题详析】考查宾语从句。句意：我的针灸师首先询问我希望通过完成这次治疗达到什么目的。空处引导宾语从句，在句中作achieve的宾语，表达“达到什么目的”之意，用what引导。故填what。【40题详析】考查固定搭配。句意：然后，在针灸师的指导下，我面朝下舒适地趴在加热的床上。此处是固定搭配：undertheguidanceofsb.意为“在某人的指导下”。故填under。【41题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她把细如发丝的针插入我的脚踝，慢慢地向上，刺中我全身的某些部位，直到她针灸到我的头部。空处是非谓