江西省部分学校2023-2024学年高一下学期6月教学期末质量检测英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江西省部分学校2023-2024学年高一下学期6月教学期末质量检测英语试题第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFatBearWeekhasbeenanannualeventforthepastfiveyearsinKatmaiNationalParkinAlaska.Hereistheshortenedlistofthisyear’spossiblechampion.ChunkChunkwasfirstidentifiedin2007asanindependent2.5-year-oldbear.Hehasbeenthefattestbearforseveralyears.Duetohissizeandstrength,Chunkhadgainedtheconfidenceandabilitytodriveawaymostotherbearstogetsomeofthebestfeedingspots.Yet,inthepastfewyearshisbehaviorchanged.Hewouldsometimesplaywithotherbearsorwaitpatientlyfortheirleftovers.HewasalsounwillingtochallengetheotherbigmalesatBrooksRiver.Insummer2023,however,hegotoneofthebestfishingspotsandbecamethelargestadultmaleagain.GrazerGrazerwasintroducedtoBrooksRiverin2005.Sheisoneofthebestfishersandaprotectivemotherbearattheriver.Sheoftenattacksmuchlargerbears—evenlargeadultmales—inordertoprotectherchildren.InsteadofmakingfrequenttripstoBrooksFalls,sheoftenusestherivermouthareawherefewerbearsarepresentmostlikelytoprovideherfamilywithmoresafety.WalkerWalker,alargeadultmale,wasfirstidentifiedasanindependent2.5-year-oldin2009.Heoftenhadeasyaccesstosomeofthebestfishingspotsduetohissizeandgoodnature.Walkerremainedacooperativeandplayfulbearuntilhisyoungadultyears.HavingbeenfrequentlychallengedbyotherbearssuchasGrazerandanothermalebearOtis,heshowsmuchlesstolerance(宽容)forotherbearscomparedtohisyoungerself.1.HowoldwasChunkin2023?A.About2.5yearsold. B.About14.5yearsold.C.About16.5yearsold. D.About18.5yearsold.2.Whoisagoodmotherbear?A.Otis. B.Walker. C.Grazer. D.Chunk.3.WhatcanweknowaboutWalker?A.Hewasbornin2009. B.Hewasonceaneasy-goingbear.C.HeisveryfriendlytoOtis. D.Heisthebiggestbearontheshortlist.〖答案〗1.D2.C3.B【语篇解读】本文为一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了可能成为今年胖熊周冠军的几种熊。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据文章Chunk部分“Chunkwasfirstidentifiedin2007asanindependent2.5-year-oldbear.(Chunk于2007年首次被确认为一只2.5岁的独立熊。)”可知，Chunk在2007年的时候2.5岁，那2023年就应该是2.5+16=18.5岁，故选D。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章Grazer部分第一段“Sheisoneofthebestfishersandaprotectivemotherbearattheriver.Sheoftenattacksmuchlargerbears—evenlargeadultmales—inordertoprotectherchildren.(她是最好的渔夫之一，也是一只保护孩子的妈妈。她经常攻击很大的熊——甚至是大的成年雄性熊——为了保护自己的孩子。)”可知，Grazer是一个好的妈妈，会保护自己的孩子，故选C。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章Walker部分第二段“Walkerremainedacooperativeandplayfulbearuntilhisyoungadultyears.HavingbeenfrequentlychallengedbyotherbearssuchasGrazerandanothermalebearOtis,heshowsmuchlesstolerance(宽容)forotherbearscomparedtohisyoungerself.(Walker在他成年之前一直是一只合作的顽皮的熊。由于经常受到其他熊的挑战，如Grazer和另一种雄性熊Otis，与年轻的自己相比，他对其他熊的容忍度要低得多。)”可推知，Walker曾经是一个很随和的熊，但因为经常受到其他熊的挑战，他的容忍度就低了很多，故选B。BEverytimeyouchargeyourcellphone,youarebenefitingfromJohnGoodenough’sexceptionalcreativity.AfterbeingtoldthatmostscientistsmaketheirmajordiscoverieslongbeforetheyhitmiddleageGoodenoughjustsetofftodevelopabatterytechnologythathasmadeourmodernlifepossible.Lithium(锂)batterieshadbeeninventedbefore.ButGoodenough’sinventionwasanewkindoflithiumbatterythatcanstoreenoughenergytopowerallsortsofelectronicsandislightandsmallenoughtomakethemportable(便携式的).And,evenbetter,suchabatterywouldchargeandrechargeinamatterofminutes—allwithoutexploding.BorninJena,Germanyin1922,GoodenoughgrewupintheUnitedStatesandmajoredinmathematicsatYaleUniversityandearnedaPh.DinphysicsfromtheUniversityofChicago.HebeganhiscareerattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT),wherehisresearchlaidthegroundworkfordevelopmentofrandom-accessmemory(RAM)forthedigitalcomputer.GoodenoughwasheadoftheInorganicChemistryLaboratoryattheUniversityofOxfordinEnglandwhenhemadehislithiumbatterydiscovery.HejoinedtheTexasUniversityin1986,andwasstillteachingandresearchingbatterymaterialsandengineeringproblemswhenhewontheNobelPrizein2019.Trainedinmathematicsandphysics,Goodenough,whoeventuallybecomesagroundbreakingchemistandmaterialsengineer,doesnoteasilyfitanyexistingclassification(分类).“IwouldlikethephysiciststothinkIamaphysicist,butI’mafraidtheythinkIamachemistandmaterialsengineer.Ontheotherhand,thechemistsandmaterialsengineersthinkIamaphysicist,”heoncejoked.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnGoodenoughfromthefirstparagraph?A.Heisthefirstpersontoinventlithiumbatteries.B.Hemadehismajordiscoveryatarelativelyoldage.C.Hegotalotofsupportandhelpfromtheprojectleaders.D.Hewasconsideredanexceptionallysuccessfulyoungscientist.5.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Goodenough’sresearchplan. B.Anewkindofbatterymaterial.C.Goodenough’simprovements. D.Theadvantagesoflithiumbatteries.6.WheredidJohnGoodenoughmakehisfirstlithiumbatterydiscovery?A.AttheUniversityofOxford. B.AtYaleUniversity.C.AttheUniversityofChicago. D.AttheTexasUniversity.7.WhatdidJohnGoodenoughmeaninthelastparagraph?A.Majorsareveryimportant. B.Hewasnotwelcomeanywhere.C.Hewasnotagoodphysicist. D.Itisnoteasytoclassifyhisresearch.〖答案〗4.B5.C6.A7.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由JohnGoodenough改进后的锂电池，能储存更多的电量，且重量轻，小巧，方便携带。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“AfterbeingtoldthatmostscientistsmaketheirmajordiscoverieslongbeforetheyhitmiddleageGoodenoughjustsetofftodevelopabatterytechnologythathasmadeourmodernlifepossible.(在被告知大多数的科学家在中年之前就做出了重大发现后，他开始开发一种电池技术，这种技术使现代生活成为可能。)”可知，他得知很多科学家在中年前就做出了重大发现，因此他决定开始研发这种电池技术，故他可能是在相对年长的时候做出的巨大贡献，故选B。【5题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Lithium(锂)batterieshadbeeninventedbefore.ButGoodenough’sinventionwasanewkindoflithiumbatterythatcanstoreenoughenergytopowerallsortsofelectronicsandislightandsmallenoughtomakethemportable(便携式的).And,evenbetter,suchabatterywouldchargeandrechargeinamatterofminutes—allwithoutexploding.(之前就发明了锂电池。但Goodenough发明的是一种新的锂电池，它能储存足够多的电量来为各种电子产品提供电，而且它轻便，小巧，是便携式的。并且，更好的是，这样的电池可以在几分钟内完成充电和再次充电，而且不会爆炸。)”可知，第二段主要介绍了Goodenough发明的锂电池有所改善的地方，故选C。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“GoodenoughwasheadoftheInorganicChemistryLaboratoryattheUniversityofOxfordinEnglandwhenhemadehislithiumbatterydiscovery.(当发明这款锂电池时，他在牛津大学担任无机化学实验室的主任。)”可知，Goodenough在英国牛津大学担任无机化学实验室主任时发现了锂电池，故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Trainedinmathematicsandphysics,Goodenough,whoeventuallybecomesagroundbreakingchemistandmaterialsengineer,doesnoteasilyfitanyexistingclassification(分类).(受过物理和数学的培训的Goodenough，最终成为了一名开创性的化学家和材料工程师，他很难去适应任何现有的分类。)”可知，Goodenough受过多领域的培训，又是著名的化学家和材料工程师，因此他很难将自己的研究归类，不知道应该属于哪种类别，故选D。CAgirlisdrivingwithherparentswhentheyspotwatercressgrowingbythesideoftheroad.Herparentsstopandtakeheroutofthebackseat.Theyaskhertotakeoffhershoesandrollupherjeanstohelpthemgatherit.ItisthebeginningofthestoryinWatercress,apicturebookwrittenbyAndreaWang.Thestoryisbasedonherchildhood.“MyparentsactuallyspottedwatercressgrowingbythesideoftheroadinOhiowhereIgrewup,”Wangsays.“AndIwashorriblyembarrassedtogetoutandgatherthewatercressfromthedirtywater.ItreallymademeawareofhowdifferentIwasfrommyfriends.Butformyparents,itbroughtbackmemoriesoftheirhomecountryanditwasaconnectiontotheirhomelandthattheyhadleftbehind.”Thefeelingofbeingashamedofourparentsisuniversal.We’veprobablyallexperiencedthatatsomepoint.“Irememberwalking20feetbehindmyparentswhenwewerewalkingdownthestreet,pretendingthatIdidn’tbelongtothem,”Wanglaughs.ThepicturesinWatercresshavedrawninspirationfromChineselandscapepaintings,whichoftenhavemountainscoveredinclouds.“ItalwayshasfeltdreamliketomewhenIlookatthosepaintings.AndIthoughtitwouldbenicetobringitintomybookbecauseofitsthemeofmemory,”Wangexplains.Unlikethelittlegirlinthestory,AndreaWangdidn’thearanystoryaboutherparents’childhoodsuntilshewasanadult.“Myparentsweretryingtoprotectme,bynottellingmethehardshipstheywentthrough,”Wangsays.Butasakid,Wangremembersfeelingdisconnectedfromherhistory.“Ithinkit’sreallyimportantforfamiliestosharewhattheycan,”Wangsays.“Sothatkidsknowthathistoryandcanfeelasenseofprideintheirculture.”8.HowdidAndreaWangfeelwhenshewastoldtogatherwatercress?A.Excited. B.Curious. C.Scared. D.Ashamed.9.Whatdoestheword“universal”underlinedinparagraph3mean?A.Makingsbfeelalittlebitangry. B.Beingtrueatalltimesandinallplaces.C.Needingskilltodoorunderstand. D.Beingrelatedtoaparticulargrouporsociety.10.WhatdoesAndreaWangsayaboutChineselandscapepaintings?A.Theyareboring. B.Theyaredifficult.C.Theyarebeautiful. D.Theyareexpensive.11.WhatdoesAndreaWangsuggestparentsdo?A.Avoidtalkingabouthardships.B.Explainwhatevertheywentthrough.C.Telltheirkidstobeproudoftheirculture.D.Sharesomeoftheirexperienceswiththeirkids.〖答案〗8.D9.B10.C11.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要通过自己的经历讲述，建议家长应该要与孩子分享他们的经历，从而让孩子们了解历史，有民族自豪感。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“AndIwashorriblyembarrassedtogetoutandgatherthewatercressfromthedirtywater.ItreallymademeawareofhowdifferentIwasfrommyfriends.(我十分尴尬地下车，从脏水里采水田芥。这让我知道我与朋友有多不一样。)”可知，当AndreaWang被要求去采水田芥时，她感到很尴尬，感觉自己与其他朋友不一样，需要在脏水里采水田芥，故感到很羞愧，故选D。【9题详析】词义猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词universal后的内容“We’veprobablyallexperiencedthatatsomepoint.(我们可能在某个时刻有过这种经历。)”可知，后文提到我们每个人都经历过这种事情，故此处划线词universal意为“普遍存在的”，我们对父母感到羞愧是普遍存在的，都经历过的，故D项“在所有的时间和地点都是真实的存在”是对划线词的解释，故选B。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段““ItalwayshasfeltdreamliketomewhenIlookatthosepaintings.AndIthoughtitwouldbenicetobringitintomybookbecauseofitsthemeofmemory,”Wangexplains.(Wang解释道：“当我看到这些画时，这对我来说，像是做梦一样，把它放进我的书里是很不错的，因为它回忆的主题。”)”可知，Wang认为中国山水画就像是梦境一般，很美，故选C。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““Ithinkit’sreallyimportantforfamiliestosharewhattheycan,”Wangsays.“Sothatkidsknowthathistoryandcanfeelasenseofprideintheirculture.”(Wang说：“我认为家人一起分享他们能分享的东西真的很重要，这样的话，孩子就能了解历史，能体会文化的自豪感。”)”可知，建议父母与孩子分享他们的经历，这样的话能培养孩子的文化自豪感，故选D。DWhereis“space”exactly?Thismayseemlikeasimplequestion,buttheanswermaybemoredifficultthanyouthink.Nowadays,mostcountriesaregenerallyinagreementthatspacebeginswhenEarth’satmosphereends.Butnoonecantellwhereatmosphereactuallyendsandouterspacebegins.ThisleavesthedooropenforavarietyofexplanationsuntiltheKarmanLinewasrecognizedbyinternationallaws.Theso-calledKarmanLineisanimaginaryline100kilometersaboveEarth’ssurface.Oncethislineiscrossed,theairistoothinandtraditionalplaneswouldneedtoreachthespeedof30,564kilometersperhourorriskfallingbacktoEarth.Accordingtotheinternationallaws,oncepilotsandaircraftcrossthatline,theyarerecognizedasastronautsandspacecraftandarefreetoconductspaceoperationswithoutconcernforinternationalborders(边境).Intheearlyageofspaceexploration,theUSdefinedspacedifferentlyandinsistedthatspacestart19.3kilometersbelowtheKarmanLine,sincetheUSwasconfidentthatitwouldleadandremaintobetheleaderinthetraditionalaircraftindustry.WellawarethattheUSwantedtooperateadvancedspying(侦查)aircraftsafely,manydevelopingcountriesopposedtheideaandsoughttoestablishmuchhigherspacelimits—965.6kilometersaboveEarth’ssurface.Thisspacelimitmakesthingsabitdifficultforeverycountry,though.Atthatheight,eventheInternationalSpaceStationandTiangongSpaceStation(orbitingbetween320to435kilometersup),andmanysatellites(orbiting869kilometersup)wouldnotbeconsideredspacecraft!Inrecentyears,theUShasbeentryingtodeterminea“saferborderofspace”.In2009,itsuggestedthattheborderofspacebeginatl18kilometersaboveEarth’ssurface.Whatwasitsargumentthistime?Itsaidthatmanybreakthroughshavebeenmadeinspaceandspyingtechnologiesbyothercountries!12.WhatiscorrectabouttheKármánLineaccordingtotheinternationallaws?A.Itisunsafeforsomecountries. B.Traditionalplanesshouldnotcrossit.C.Pilotscanflyfreelyaboveit. D.Itisthehighestlinepilotscanreach.13.Manylessdevelopedcountriessuggestedthatspacebeginat_______.A.965.6kilometersaboveEarth’ssurfaceB.118kilometersaboveEarth’ssurfaceC.100kilometersaboveEarth’ssurfaceD.90.7kilometersaboveEarth’ssurface14.WhatdoestheauthormostprobablythinkoftheUS’suggestions?A.Smart. B.Unfair. C.Scientific. D.Uncreative.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.WhereDoesSpaceBeginExactly?B.HowHighShouldtheKarmanLineBe?C.HowCanWeProtectOurNationalBorders?D.WhyDoestheUSWanttoChangetheKarmanLine?〖答案〗12.C13.A14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文为一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了太空的起点在哪里的问题。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Accordingtotheinternationallaws,oncepilotsandaircraftcrossthatline,theyarerecognizedasastronautsandspacecraftandarefreetoconductspaceoperationswithoutconcernforinternationalborders(边境).(根据国际法，一旦飞行员和飞机跨过了这条线，它们就被看做是宇航员或者宇宙飞船，能自由地进行太空操作，而不用担心国际边界的问题。)”可知，根据国际法律，飞机一旦跨越了卡门线，就不用受国际边界的约束，能自由地飞行，故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“WellawarethattheUSwantedtooperateadvancedspying(侦查)aircraftsafely,manydevelopingcountriesopposedtheideaandsoughttoestablishmuchhigherspacelimits—965.6kilometersaboveEarth’ssurface.(知道美国想要安全地操控先进的侦察飞船，因此很多发展中国家反对这一想法，并寻求建立更高的太空限制——在地球表面以上965.6千米处。)”可知，许多欠发达国家建议太空从地球表面以上965.6公里开始，故选A。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Inrecentyears,theUShasbeentryingtodeterminea“saferborderofspace”.In2009,itsuggestedthattheborderofspacebeginatl18kilometersaboveEarth’ssurface.Whatwasitsargumentthistime?Itsaidthatmanybreakthroughshavebeenmadeinspaceandspyingtechnologiesbyothercountries!(近年来，美国一直在试图确定一个“更安全的太空边界”。2009年，它提出太空边界始于地球表面以上118公里处。这次它的论点是什么？它说其他国家在太空和间谍技术方面取得了许多突破！)”可知，美国因为认为其他国家在太空和间谍技术方面取得了许多突破，因此提出太空边界应始于地球表面以上118公里处，这只是为了它自己的利益出发，故可推知，作者认为美国的建议是不公平的，故选B。【15题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Whereis“space”exactly?Thismayseemlikeasimplequestion,buttheanswermaybemoredifficultthanyouthink.(太空到底从哪里开始？这似乎是第一个简单的问题，但〖答案〗却比你想象中难得多。)”可知，文章在第一段提出关于太空的起点在哪里的问题，后文分别介绍了不同的国家有不同的看法。由此可知，A项“太空到底从哪里开始？”为文章的最佳标题。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Foralongtime,Ithoughtonlyskinnyandstrongpeoplecouldfinishthehalfmarathon(马拉松)attheBaltimoreRunningFestival.____16____.PreparingfortheeventhastaughtmesomevaluablelessonsI’dliketoshare.Trainyourselfaspeoplefirstandmarathonerssecond.____17____.Itistheconfidencethatwillcarryyouacrossthefinishlineontheraceday.Thesaying“lifeisamarathon,notashortrun”applies!Makesuretotakeyourtime.____18____.Yourgoalistogetcomfortablerunningthreetofourtimesaweek,withyourlongestrunbeingroughly5or6miles.____19____.Onceyou’vecompletedyourbasictraining,lookforatrainingprogramthatlastsaboutfourmonths.Week-to-week,theplanshouldguideyoutoincreasethedistancebynomorethan10to15%aweek.Don’tgotothecoachwhopushesyoutoohardinasingletrainingcycle.Itcouldresultininjuries.Runningamarathonisaninvestment(投入)oftimeandmoney.Ifyou’regoingtospendyourhard-earnedmoneysomewhere,it’sworthinvestinginanexcellentpairofrunningshoes.____20____.A.SignupforaraceB.Chooseatrainingplanthat’ssafeC.Butlastyear,IeventuallymadeupmymindtohaveatryD.Keepyourrelationshiptoyourtrainingprogramapositiveone.E.It’smuchcheapertobuyanewpairofshoesthantovisitadoctorF.Youcanstartbyrunning1or1.5milesandbuildupweekafterweekG.Itmeansdoingthebasictrainingataneasypacethatcangiveyouconfidence〖答案〗16.C17.G18.F19.B20.E【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者在准备马拉松阶段学到了一些方法。【16题详析】根据空前“Foralongtime,Ithoughtonlyskinnyandstrongpeoplecouldfinishthehalfmarathon(马拉松)attheBaltimoreRunningFestival.(很长时间以来，我一直认为只有瘦和强壮的人才能完成马拉松比赛。)”和空后“PreparingfortheeventhastaughtmesomevaluablelessonsI’dliketoshare.(准备这项赛事教会了我一些我想要分享的有价值的教训。)”可知，空前提到作者认为只有瘦和强壮的人才能完成马拉松比赛，而下文又提到作者为参加马拉松比赛做准备，因此C项“但是去年，我最终决定试一试”承上启下，符合语境。故选C项。【17题详析】根据空前“Trainyourselfaspeoplefirstandmarathonerssecond.(把训练自己作为首要任务，其次才是马拉松。)”可知，作者建议把训练自己作为首要任务，其次才是训练马拉松，G项中的“Itmeansdoingthebasictraining”与空前的“Trainyourself”相呼应，且G项中的“cangiveyouconfidence”与空后的“Itistheconfidencethatwillcarryyouacrossthefinishlineontheraceday.”相呼应，故G项“这意味着以轻松的速度进行基本的训练，这可以给你信心。”符合语境。故选G项。【18题详析】根据空前“Makesuretotakeyourtime.(确保不着急，慢慢来。)”可知，作者建议要慢慢来，不要着急，故F项中的“buildupweekafterweek”与空前的“takeyourtime”相呼应，F项“你可以从跑1英里或1.5英里开始，然后每周增加。”符合语境。故选F项。【19题详析】根据空后“Onceyou’vecompletedyourbasictraining,lookforatrainingprogramthatlastsaboutfourmonths.(一旦你完成了基本的训练，就找一个持续四个月的训练计划。)”可知，空前提到一旦你完成了基本的训练，就找一个持续四个月的训练计划，B项中的“atrainingplan”与空后的“atrainingprogram”相呼应，且根据本段内容“Don’tgotothecoachwhopushesyoutoohardinasingletrainingcycle.Itcouldresultininjuries.(不要去找那些在单个训练周期把你逼得太紧的教练。这可能会带来伤害。)”可知，后文提到了需要注意安全，故B项“选择一个安全的训练计划”符合语境。故选B项。【20题详析】根据空前“Ifyou’regoingtospendyourhard-earnedmoneysomewhere,it’sworthinvestinginanexcellentpairofrunningshoes.(如果你想要把辛苦挣来的钱花在某个地方，买一双好的跑鞋是值得的。)”可知，E项“买一双新鞋比看医生便宜得多。”是空前的顺义承接，如果你打算把钱花在某个地方，那么买一双好的跑鞋是值得的，毕竟买一双新鞋比看医生便宜得多，E项中的“buyanewpairofshoes”与空前的“investinginanexcellentpairofrunningshoes”相呼应，故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。IliveaboutthreemilesfromtheseainSanLuisObispo,California.Everyfewyears,thehumpbackwhalescomeclosetothe____21____forafewdays.November,2020wasoneofthosetimes.Atthetime,myfriendLizCottrielwas____22____withme.SoIaskedherifshewantedtoseethem.“Noway!”saidLiz.“I’msureourboatwilloverturnifweare____23____byhungrywhales.”“There’snothingtoworryabout,”Isaid.“Itisverysafeifwearefollowingthem____24____.Idon’twantyoutomissthiswonderfulexperienceand____25____itlater.”Shefinally____26____andwegotoutonthesea.Therewerealreadyabout15whalewatchersthere.Afterhalfanhour,we____27____twowhalesabout200feetaway.Havingtakenadeepbreath,thetwowhales____28____down.Ifiguredwe’dbe____29____ifwewentalittlebitclosertowardthatspot.Ilaterfoundoutthatwhalewatchersare_____30_____tostay300feetaway._____31_____,alotofsmallfishstartedjumpingoutofthewaterintoourboat.Whatshouldhavebeenafunmomentwasactually_____32_____.Theiractionsmeanttheywere_____33_____thewhales,whichmeantthatweneededtogetoutoftheretoo.Butbeforewecouldturnaround,ourboatwas_____34_____outofthewateraboutsixfeet.LizandIfellintothesea.Fortunately,thewhalesleftusaloneandotherwhalewatchersimmediatelycametoour_____35_____andbroughtustothebeach.21.A.beach B.house C.zoo D.road22.A.competing B.arguing C.staying D.performing23.A.greeted B.attacked C.eaten D.injured24.A.inadvance B.inpeace C.inturn D.indistance25.A.hate B.regret C.enjoy D.forget26.A.disappeared B.checked C.called D.agreed27.A.caught B.bought C.saw D.fed28.A.went B.fell C.ran D.calmed29.A.alone B.brave C.wise D.safe30.A.rewarded B.enabled C.recommended D.excused31.A.Eventually B.Suddenly C.Fortunately D.Carefully32.A.scary B.annoying C.challenging D.short33.A.following B.killing C.escaping D.observing34.A.lifted B.carried C.pulled D.taken35.A.neighborhood B.stage C.home D.rescue〖答案〗21.A22.C23.B24.D25.B26.D27.C28.A29.D30.C31.B32.A33.C34.A35.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了作者和朋友一起坐船去海里看座头鲸的惊险经历。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每隔几年，座头鲸都会靠近沙滩待几天。A.beach沙滩；B.house房子；C.zoo动物园；D.road道路。根据上文“IliveaboutthreemilesfromtheseainSanLuisObispo,California.”可知，作者住在海边，所以此处指座头鲸会靠近海滩。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，我的朋友LizCottriel和我在一起。A.competing竞争；B.arguing争论；C.staying停留；D.performing表演。根据下文“SoIaskedherifshewantedtoseethem.”可知，作者问Liz是否想去看座头鲸，由此推知，当时Liz和作者在一起。故选C项。【23题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们被饥饿的鲸鱼攻击的话，我肯定我们的船会翻的。A.greeted问候；B.attacked攻击；C.eaten吃；D.injured受伤。根据后文“ourboatwilloverturn”可知，Liz认为如果被鲸鱼攻击，他们的船会翻。故选B项。【24题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果我们在远处跟着它们，那是非常安全的。A.inadvance提前；B.inpeace和平地；C.inturn轮流；D.indistance在远处。根据上文“There’snothingtoworryabout”可知，作者认为没什么好担心的，由此推知，此处指作者认为主要与座头鲸保持距离，就会是安全的。故选D项。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想让你错过这次美妙的经历，然后后悔。A.hate讨厌；B.regret后悔；C.enjoy享受；D.forget忘记。根据上文“Idon’twantyoutomissthiswonderfulexperience”可知，作者不想让Liz错过这次美妙的经历，由此推知，此处指作者不想Liz错过了这次经历后，以后后悔。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她终于同意了，我们出海了。A.disappeared消失；B.checked检查；C.called打电话；D.agreed同意。根据后文“wegotoutonthesea.”可知，作者和Liz出海了，由此推知，Liz最终同意了作者的提议。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：半小时后，我们在大约200英尺外看到了两头鲸鱼。A.caught抓住；B.bought买；C.saw看见；D.fed喂养。根据后文“alotofsmallfishstartedjumpingoutofthewaterintoourboat.”可知，很多小鱼跳进了作者他们的船里，由此推知，此处指作者他们在大约200英尺外看见了鲸鱼。故选C项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两头鲸鱼深吸了一口气，沉了下去。A.went去；B.fell落下；C.ran跑；D.calmed使平静。根据后文“ifwewentalittlebitclosertowardthatspot.”可知，作者他们想要靠近鲸鱼所在的地方，由此推知，此处指鲸鱼沉了下去。godown“沉没”，故选A项。【29题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想如果我们离那个地方近一点，我们会安全的。A.alone独自的；B.brave勇敢的；C.wise明智的；D.safe安全的。根据上文“Itisverysafeifwearefollowingthem________.”可知，作者认为与鲸鱼保持距离是安全的，由此推知，此处指作者认为靠近鲸鱼所在的地方也是安全的。故选D项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我发现观鲸者被建议要与鲸鱼保持300英尺的距离。A.rewarded奖励；B.enabled使能够；C.recommended推荐；D.excused原谅。根据后文“alotofsmallfishstartedjumpingoutofthewaterintoourboat.”可知，很多小鱼跳进了作者他们的船里，由此推知，此处指观鲸者被建议要与鲸鱼保持300英尺的距离，而作者他们离鲸鱼的距离很近。故选C项。【31题详析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，很多小鱼开始从水里跳到我们的船上。A.Eventually最终；B.Suddenly突然；C.Fortunately幸运地；D.Carefully小心地。根据后文“Whatshouldhavebeenafunmomentwasactually________.”可知，本该是一个有趣的时刻，实际上却很吓人，由此推知，此处指突然有很多小鱼跳进作者他们的船里。故选B项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：本该是一个有趣的时刻，实际上却很吓人。A.scary吓人的；B.annoying令人生气的；C.challenging具有挑战性的；D.short短的。根据后文“Theiractionsmeanttheywere________thewhales,whichmeantthatweneededtogetoutoftheretoo.”可知，这些小鱼的行为意味着它们正在逃离鲸鱼，这意味着作者他们也需要离开那里，由此推知，此处指这个时刻很吓人。故选A项。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们的行为意味着它们正在逃离鲸鱼，这意味着我们也需要离开那里。A.following跟随；B.killing杀死；C.escaping逃离；D.observing观察。根据后文“whichmeantthatweneededtogetoutoftheretoo.”可知，作者他们需要离开那里，由此推知，此处指这些小鱼正在逃离鲸鱼。故选C项。【34题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在我们转身之前，我们的船被抬出了水面大约六英尺高。A.lifted举起；B.carried搬运；C.pulled拉；D.taken带走。根据后文“LizandIfellintothesea.”可知，作者和Liz掉进了海里，由此推知，此处指他们的船被抬出了水面大约六英尺高。故选A项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，鲸鱼没有理会我们，其他观鲸者立即赶来营救我们，把我们带到海滩上。A.neighborhood邻居；B.stage舞台；C.home家；D.rescue营救。根据后文“andbroughtustothebeach.”可知，其他观鲸者把作者他们带到海滩上，由此推知，此处指其他观鲸者来营救作者他们。Cometoone’srescue“营救某人”，故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WhilealmosteveryoneinAsiawascelebratingtheYearofRabbitin2023,theVietnamesewerewelcomingtheYearofCat.ThenwhydidtheVietnamesehaveadifferentnameforthenewyear?____36____(obvious),Vietnamhasn’talwayscelebratedtheYearofCatsincethezodiac(星座)ofrabbithasappearedinmanyolderVietnamesetexts.Butit’sunclearwhenthecountrystartedusingthecatin____37____(it)celebration.Theuncertaintyaround____38____changebetweentherabbitandthecathasledtoseveraltheoriesfortheorigin.Onetheoryhastodowithtranslation.It’swidelybelievedthattheChinesewordforrabbits____39____(sound)liketheVietnamesewordforcats.Anotherpossible____40____(explain)forVietnam’suniquecelebrationhastodowiththelivingconditionsinChinaandVietnam.Originally,theChineselivedonthegrassyplains,whiletheVietnameselivedinthelowlandforests.Asaresult,theChinesechosetherabbitasananimal____41____couldbeusedforfood,whilethepeopleofVietnamselectedthelesswildcat____42____(protect)theirhome.Still,thesearenottheonlytheoriesabouttheoriginoftheYearofCat.AskaVietnameseauntorgrandparent,you’resuretohearseveralmore____43____(story)abouttheYearofCat.Manyofthemarerelatedtoapartyandarace____44____(hold)byGodamongtheanimalstodeterminetheirorderinthezodiac.Inthestory,thecatwasdisqualifiedfromthezodiacbecausetherabbitpusheditintotheriver_____45_____itdidnotfinishtherace.Topunishtherabbit,theVietnamesedecidedtocelebratethevictimizedcat.〖答案〗36.Obviously37.its38.the39.sounds40.explanation41.which/that42.toprotect43.stories44.held45.and/so【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要解释了为什么2023年在中国叫做兔年，而在越南叫做猫年。【36题详析】考查副词。句意：显然，越南并不是一直庆祝猫年，因为兔子星座出现在许多古老的越南文献中。此处作状语，修饰整个句子，故应用副词“obviously显然”，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Obviously。【37题详析】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：但目前还不清楚这个国家什么时候开始在庆祝活动中使用猫。此处修饰名词celebration，其指代thecountry，表示“它的”，故应用形容词性物主代词its作定语修饰名词celebration，故填its。【38题详析】考查冠词。句意：关于兔子和猫之间变化的起源有几种理论。此处change是可数名词，根据后文的betweentherabbitandthecat可知，此处表示特指“兔子和猫之间的变化”，故应用定冠词，故填the。【39题详析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人们普遍认为，汉语中的“兔”字听起来像越南语中的“猫”。此处是宾语从句的谓语动词，主语是theChineseword，为单数，主语与sound之间为主动关系，且根据前文It’sbelieved可知，此处应用一般现在时，故填sounds。【40题详析】考查名词。句意：另一个对于越南独特的庆祝方式可能的解释与中越两国的生活条件有关。此处用名词作主语，前面有another“另一个”修饰，应用单数名词“explanation解释”作主语，故填explanation。【41题详析】考查定语从句。句意：因此，中国人选择兔子作为食物，而越南人则选择不那么野性的猫来保护他们的家。此处为限制性定语从句，修饰先行词animal，且先行词在从句中作主语，指物，故应用关系代词that/which，故填that/which。【42题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处表示目的，表示“选择猫的目的是为了保护他们的家”，故应用不定式作目的状语，故填toprotect。【43题详析】考查名词复数。句意：问问越南的阿姨或祖父母，你一定会听到更多关于猫年的故事。此处story为可数名词，且由several修饰，故应用其复数形式作宾语，故填stories【44题详析】考查非谓语动词。句意：其中许多故事都与上帝在动物中举行的一场派对和比赛有关，以确定它们在十二生肖中的顺序。此处作后置定语，修饰apartyandarace，apartyandarace与hold之间被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语，故填held。【45题详析】考查连词。句意：在这个故事中，猫被取消了生肖资格，因为兔子把它推进了河里，没有完成比赛。此处动作的接连发生，故应用并列连词and，连接前后therabbitpusheditintotheriver和itdidnotfinishtherace两件事，也可以理解为因果关系，“因为兔子将它推进了河里，因此它每能完成比赛”，故也可用so引导结果状语从句，故填and/so。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Mike准备参加你市将举办的国风音乐节(TraditionalChineseMusicFestival)，来信向你询问相关情况。请你回一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.告知详情;2.表示欢迎。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右;2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearMike，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________