江苏省南京市2023-2024学年高二上学期期中学情调研测试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江苏省南京市2023-2024学年高二上学期期中学情调研测试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B.C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.〖答案〗是C.1.WhatwillLindado?A.Drivetothesupermarket. B.Buythingsfortheman. C.Lendthemanhercar.〖答案〗A【原文】M:CouldIborrowyourcar,Linda?There’sanewlyopenedsupermarketoutsidethecity.Thingstherearemuchcheaper.Icanalsohelpyoupickupsomething.W:Well,whydon’tweshoptogether?Icandriveyouthere.2.Whatmakesthemanunwillingtoattendtheparty?A.Arudefriend. B.Alateinvitation. C.Hisfather’spresence.〖答案〗A【原文】M:Ireallycan’ttoleratethewayDavidtalkstous.Heisalwaystryingtocontroltheconversationandcutsinwhereverhewants.So,ifheisinvitedtoyourpartytomorrow,Ijustwon’tshowup.W:I’msorryyoufeelthatwaybutmydadinsiststhathecome.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Asubwaytrip. B.Aformerworkmate. C.Anewproject.〖答案〗B【原文】M:ImetJackonthesubwaythismorning.W:Wow,youmeanthebigJackwhoquittedlastmonth?M:Yes.Hetoldmehehadbeenbusywithanewprojectrecently.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Ataschool. B.Inashop. C.Inacarmuseum.〖答案〗B【原文】M:Goodafternoon,madam.WhatcanIdoforyou?W:Well,mysonisgraduatingfromcollegenextmonthandI’mgettinghimacar.M:Noproblem.Thisway,please.5.Whendidthemanfirstmeethiswife?A.20yearsago. B.21yearsago. C.22yearsago.〖答案〗C【原文】W:Hey,Daddy.Youhavebeenmarriedwithmommyfor20years!M:Yes.IwouldneverforgetthefirstdayImetyourmom.Shewassosweetandwegotmarriedtwoyearslater.Oneyearafterthat,youwereborn.W:Wow!Weneedabigcelebration!第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟:听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Trainerandtrainee. B.Husbandandwife. C.Waiterandcustomer.7.Wherewillthespeakershavedinnertonight?A.InanItalianrestaurant. B.Inabar. C.Athome.〖答案〗6.B7.B【原文】M:Let’seatouttonightHowabouttheItalianrestaurantyoumentionedlasttime?W:Wonderful,I’dloveto.M:Sowhenwillyoufinishyourworkout?W:Youcanpickmeupinhalfanhour.Wait,it’sSeptember23rd!TheHangzhouAsianGames!M:Exactly!Thenweshouldheadstraighthomeandwatchtheopeningceremony.W:Iknowabetterplace,abar,wherewecanwatchtheceremonywhilehavingdinner.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatmakesthemanupset?A.Toomuchnoise. B.Ahotroom. C.Abrokenwindow.9.What’sthewoman’soffer?A.Tofixtheairconditioner.B.Togivethemanadiscount.C.Togetthemananelectricfan.10.Howdoesthemansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Satisfied. B.Annoyed. C.Stressed.〖答案〗8.B9.C10.A【原文】W:Frontdesk,mayIhelpyou?M:ThisisRoom806.It’ssohothereandwedon’tseeanairconditioner.W:Oh,sorry.ButhereinDenmarkwerarelyequipourroomswithairconditionersbecausewedon’thavemanyhotdays.M:Interesting!Buthowareyougoingtofixtheproblemhere?W:Hmm,howaboutchangingtoanotherroomwithabigwindowtogetalittlefreshairmovingin?M:Willitbenoisywiththewindowopen?Whatbadluckwehave!Weshouldn’thavecomeinsuchpeakseason.W:Wellsir,youarevery1uckyactuallybecauseyoucanenjoythemostbeautifulsunnydaysinnorthernEurope.M:Really?ButwepaidtwiceasmuchasusualIsitpossibleforustogetadiscount?W:Sorrysir,perhapswecouldn’tdothatbutwecangetyouanelectricfanandsomefruits.MOK.That’sgood.Thankyou.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。11.Whydoesthemanwanttobuyacar?A.Togotowork. B.Topickuphisuncle. C.Totravelonweekends.12.Whatistheman’scommentonGermancars?A.Expensive. B.Trustworthy. C.Big-sized.13.Whatdocsthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Buyabrandnewcar. B.Callhiswifeforadvice. C.Speaktoacarsalesman.〖答案〗11.C12.B13.C【原文】M:Well,I’mconsideringbuyingacar.W:Oh,soyou’replanningtodrivetoworkeveryday?M:No,justforweekendtripswithmywife.W:Soundsgood.Thenhaveyousettledonaspecificbrandormode1?MNotreally:MyuncletoldmethatGermancarsareofhighqualityandIpreferasmallone.Ithinkit’seasiertodriveasmallcarinbigcities.W:True.Ihaveafriendsellingcars.Youcangetonefromhimatareasonableprice.Here’shisphonenumber.M:Nice.ButwhatifIdon’tbuyfromhim?Woulditbeatroubleforyou?W:Oh,no.Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Ibethewillbehappytoofferadvice.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。14.WhatdidthemandolastSaturday?A.Hevisitedhisgrandma.B.Hewenttoseeadoctor.C.Heattendedthesportsmeeting.15.Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttheopeningceremony?A.It’sboring. B.It’splain. C.It’samazing.16.Howmanygoldmedalsdidtheclasswinthisyear?A.Two. B.Three. C.Eight.17.Whatmightthemandonext?A.Signupfortheevents. B.Takephotosofathletes. C.Readblogposts.〖答案〗14.A15.C16.A17.C【原文】W:DidyouparticipateinthesportsmeetingattheOlympicCenterlastSaturday?M:No,Iwenttomygrandma’s.Shewasillanddoctorsaskedhertostayinbedforanotherweek.W:Sorrytohearthat.Ihopeshewillrecoversoon.M:Thankyousomuch.Iheardsomeclassmatestalkingabouttheopeningceremony.Howdiditgo?W:Itwasimpressive.Shortbutexciting.Youknowwhat?Thisyearourschoolinvitedafamousathletetodeclarethemeetingopen.M:WhatapitythatImissedit!Thenhowaboutourclassmates’performanceintheevents?W:Goodasalways.Wetoppedthemedaltableagain—11intotal,threemorethanlastyear.Thetwogoldmedalsarebothfrommen’srunning.M:Soproudofthem.Didanyonetakephotosofthem?W:Well,youcanaccessourschoolswebsiteorjusthavea1ookatMissLin’sblog.Shemusthavepostedalot.M:Okay.Thankyou.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。18.Whoisthespeaker?A.Anawardwinner. B.Anewsreporter. C.Ajournaleditor.19.WhatdidLinSenwanttoexpress?A.Professionalawardshaveimprovededitors’life.B.Workingexperienceisamustinjournalediting.C.Editorsaredevotedtotheirworkdespitedifficulties.20.WhatdoweknowabouttheBaihuaLiteratureAwards?A.Itwasfirstheldinthe1980s.B.Itfavourssciencefictionwriters.C.Itfacespressurefromonlinereaders.〖答案〗18.B19.C20.A【原文】W:Theprize-givingceremonyofthe20thBaibuaLiteratureAwardswasheldinTianjinonTuesday.Thirty-nineworksreceivedawardsinsevencategories,includingshortstories,novels,sciencefictionandonlineliterature.Additionally,18editorsfromliteraryjournalsreceivedtheEditor’sAward,while30readersfrombothChinaandabroadreceivedtheReader’sAward.LinSen,representativeoftheaward-winningeditors,said:“Ihavebeenworkinginjournaleditingformorethan15years,andIdeeplyunderstandthatlifehasnotbeeneasyforuseditorsrecently.Weneedtoputourwholeheartintoworkbutreceivefewprofessionalrewardsandfacepressurefromallsides.”AsthefirstliteraryawardinChinatobeselectedbyreaders,theBaibuaLiteratureAwardsisheldonceeverytwoyears.Duringthepastfourdecades,theBaibuaAwardshascontinuouslyexpandeditsareasofinterest.In2019.thesciencefictionawardwasintroduced.Thisyear,theonlineliteratureawardwasalsoadded.I’mLiHua,fromCGTN.第二部分阅读（共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACallingAllHighSchoolStudentsApplytoTheDaily’sSummer2023JournalismWorkshop!!ClickhereforanapplicationformTheapplicationdeadlinehasbeenextendedtoJune2at11:59pm.Joinusforourannualsummereight-weekjournalismworkshop!TheprogramrunsfromJune26toAugust18,2023.Inourprogram,we’llteachhighschoolersthefundamentalsthroughreal-worldreportingtasks.SomewritersmayevengettheopportunitytopublishtheirworkonTheStanfordDaily’swebsiteastheyreceiveone-on-oneguidancefromDailyeditorsinweeklycheck-inmeetingsandlessons.Evenifyou’vedoneaprogramwithusbefore,you’resuretolearnnewskills,encounternewchallenges,andlevelupyourjournalisticskills!Wehaveall-newcontentandguestspeakerswithfreshandexcitingperspectivestobringtothetable.Itisopentoparticipantsofallskilllevels—oureditorswillworkwithyouatwhateverpaceyou’recomfortablewithandgetyouuptospeedregardlessofyourlevelofexperience.Overthecourseoftheeight-weekjournalismworkshop,participantswillgethands-onexperienceintheend-to-endprocessofnewsreporting,including:Howtofindstoriesandassess(评估)theirnewsworthinessHowtoidentifyandinterviewsourcesHowtocreatewell-structured,interestingnewspiecesHowtowritebreakingnewsInadditiontowriting,studentswillhavetheopportunitytolearnmultimediaanddigitalskills,ultimatelygainingexposuretothecomplete,real,end-to-endexperienceofworkinginjournalism.21.Whatisthepurposeofthejournalismworkshop?A.Toexposehighschoolerstotherealworld.B.TobringTheStanfordDailytoalargeraudience.C.ToselectpotentialwritersforTheStanfordDaily.D.Toequiphighschoolerswithskillsofnewsreporting.22.Whatcanparticipantsdointheworkshop?A.Startupanewswritingwebsite.B.ChairweeklymeetingsofDaily’seditors.C.AssesstheworkofDaily’sjournalists.D.Getpersonalizedguidancefromprofessionals.23.Whatisthetext?A.Anactivityschedule. B.Anonlineadvertisement.C.Acoursereview. D.Anacademicarticle.〖答案〗21.D22.D23.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章是《每日新闻》2023年夏季新闻工作坊的招募广告。【21题详析】推理判断题。根据第六段“Evenifyou’vedoneaprogramwithusbefore,you’resuretolearnnewskills,encounternewchallenges,andlevelupyourjournalisticskills!(即使你以前和我们一起做过一个项目，你一定会学到新的技能，遇到新的挑战，并提高你的新闻技能！)”可知，新闻研讨会的目的是培养中学生新闻报道技能。故选D。【22题详析】细节理解题。根据第五段“SomewritersmayevengettheopportunitytopublishtheirworkonTheStanfordDaily’swebsiteastheyreceiveone-on-oneguidancefromDailyeditorsinweeklycheck-inmeetingsandlessons.(一些作者甚至有机会在《斯坦福日报》的网站上发表他们的作品，因为他们在每周的签到会议和课程中得到《日报》编辑的一对一指导)”可知，参加者可以在工作坊中获得专业人士的个性化指导。故选D。【23题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Clickhereforanapplicationform(按此索取申请表格)”可推知，本文是一篇网上的广告。故选B。BWhenthefifthgradeschoolyearwasalmostover,allthegirlsmadeautograph(签名)books.AsIsignedmyclassmates’books,Inoticedtheirmomshadwritteninthem,too.“Icouldn’tbeprouderofyou.Can’twaittoseehowyoulikejuniorhigh!”“Congratulations!Weloveyouandknowyouhaveabrightfuture!”Iaskedmymothertosignmine,too.Whenshehandeditbacktome,Iwasanxioustoseewhatshehadwritten.ThisiswhatIfoundonthepage:Whenathingisfirstbegun,Neverleaveittillit’sdone.Bethelaborgreatorsmall.Doitwellornotatall.Thatwasit?Iwasfrozen.Itwasanindicationtomethat,ifIcouldn’tbeperfect,Iwasn’tgoodenough.Iheldbackmytears,leftthepageinbutsecretlyhopedmyclassmateswouldn’treadit.Doitwellornotatall.Foryears,Ibattledperfectionismandneverfeltgoodenoughformostofmylife.Whenmymotherwasinhereighties,Igaveherabooktofilloutsowecouldknowmoreabouther.Ithadquestionsatthetopofeachpageandthenblankspacetorespond.Isecretlyhopedshe’dbeenworkingonitallalong.Sadly,notlongafter,mymotherpassedaway.WhenIsortedoutherbelongings,whatIwantedmorethananythingwasthatbook.WhatIfoundstoppedmeshort.Onpageten,thequestionwas,“What’sthebestadviceyougotfromyourparents?”Herresponsewaswhatshehadwritteninmyautographbook.EventhoughI’dmemorizedityearsago,Ireaditataslowerpacenow,seeingitinanewlight.Itwaswrittentoherbyhermother,andshewaspassingitdowntoherdaughterinthesameway.Agiftfromhertome.Shewasgivingmetreasured,valuableadvicewhenallIwasthinkingaboutwerewordsofpraise.Iunderstanditnow.24.Inparagraph1,theauthorfoundthatwordsfromotherclassmates’moms________.A.containedreflectiononlifeB.expressedtheirthankfulnessC.showedprideintheirchildrenD.featuredaformalwritingstyle25.Seeinghermom’swordsontheautographbook,howdidtheauthorfeel?A.Disappointed. B.Motivated. C.Hopeful. D.Anxious.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph5imply?A.Theauthormemorizedthewordsfromhermom.B.Theauthorwassurprisedtoseethesamewordsagain.C.Theauthorfounditeasytoseethewordsclearlyunderthelight.D.Theauthorbegantohaveanewunderstandingofhermom’swords.27.Whatgiftdidtheauthor’smomgiveher?A.Avisionofaperfectworld.B.Encouragementtodothingswell.C.Hermom’swisdomoflovingyourself.D.Hermom’sadviceonlivingataslowpace.〖答案〗24.C25.A26.D27.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者起初对妈妈在签名簿上的写的内容不理解，在母亲去世后作者才理解了那些话的意义。【24题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段“Inoticedtheirmomshadwritteninthem,too.“Icouldn’tbeprouderofyou.Can’twaittoseehowyoulikejuniorhigh!”“Congratulations!Weloveyouandknowyouhaveabrightfuture!”(我注意到他们的妈妈也在上面写了字。“我为你感到无比骄傲。等不及想看看你的初中生活了!”“恭喜你!我们爱你，知道你有一个光明的未来!”)”可知，在第一段中，作者发现其他同学妈妈的话是以他们的孩子为傲。故选C。【25题详析】推理判断题。根据正文第三段“Thatwasit?Iwasfrozen.Itwasanindicationtomethat,ifIcouldn’tbeperfect,Iwasn’tgoodenough.Iheldbackmytears,leftthepageinbutsecretlyhopedmyclassmateswouldn’treadit.(就这样？我僵住了。这对我来说是一种暗示，如果我不能做到完美，我就不够好。我强忍着眼泪，留下了那一页，但心里暗暗希望同学们不要看。)”可知，看到妈妈在签名簿上写的字，作者是失望的，故选A。【26题详析】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“EventhoughI’dmemorizedityearsago,Ireaditataslowerpacenow,seeingitinanewlight.(尽管我多年前就已经记住了，但我现在读它的速度变慢了，以一种新的眼光看待它。)”和最后一段“Iunderstanditnow.(我现在明白了。)”可知，第5段划线的句子表示作者开始对她妈妈的话有了新的理解。故选D。【27题详析】推理判断题。根据作者妈妈写的话“Whenathingisfirstbegun,Neverleaveittillit’sdone.Bethelaborgreatorsmall.Doitwellornotatall.(当一件事刚开始时，不做完就不要离开。无论劳动是大是小。要么做好，要么不做。)”以及最后一段的“Itwaswrittentoherbyhermother,andshewaspassingitdowntoherdaughterinthesameway.Agiftfromhertome.(这封信是她母亲写给她的，她正以同样的方式传给女儿。是她送给我的礼物。)”可知，作者的妈妈写的这些话就是给作者的礼物，从这些话可知，作者的妈妈鼓励作者把事情做好，故选B。CSolarpanels—alsoknownas“photovoltaic”panels—areusedtoturnsunlightintoelectricity.Mostsolarpanelsareplacedonlandinlargecollectionscalledsolarfarms.Butrecentlypeoplehavebeguntoexploreputtingfloatingsolarpanelsonwaler.Becausethesepanelsfloat,somepeoplecallthem“floatovoltacs”.Theideaisn’tasunusualasitmightseem.Afterall,anysolarpanelhastobewaterproof,sinceitwillbeoutintherain.TherearealreadyseverallargefloatovoltaicfarmsinAsia.Onland,sopanelsareheldupbyspecialframes(框架).Onthewater,foatovotaicisareplacedonafloatingplatfomattachedtothebotoofalakeorreservoir(水库).Floatingsolarpanelscostabout25%morethanthoseplacedonland.Theresearchersbehindthenewstudylookedat14.5555reservoirsworldwide.Theyusedcomputerprogamstofigureouthowmuchelectricitycouldbeproducedyearlybycovering30%ofthesereservoirswithfloatingsolarpanels.Theanswerwassurprisinglylarge—morethantwicetheamountofenergytheUnitedStatesgeneratesinayearAnd10timesasmuchenergyasallthesolarpowercurrentlybeinggeneratedintheworld.Floatovoltaicscanalsohelpsavewaterbylimitingevaporation(蒸发)fromreservoirs.Thescientistssaythatsolarpanelscoveringjust30%ofthereservoirs’surfacescouldsaveasmuchwateras300millionpeoplewoulduseinayear.Thereareseveralotherreasonsthatmakefloatovoltaicsagoodidea.Photovoltaicpanelsworkbetterwhenthey’renotextremelyhot.Thewaterhelpscoolthepanelssothattheycreatemoreenergy.Floatovoltaicsaren’tperfect.Coveringtoomuchofareservoirwithpanelscouldaffecttheplantsandanimalsinthewater.Thescientistssayitwillbeimportanttostudyhowfloatingpanelswillaffectwaterineachreservoir.Focusingfirstonman-madereservoirswillavoidsomeofthoseproblems.28.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph2?A.Tolistsolarpanels’unusualfunctions.B.Toshowdisadvantagesofsolarpanelsonland.C.Tointroducetheworkabilityoffloatingsolarpanels.D.Tomakeacomparisonbetweendifferentsolarpanels.29.Howdidresearcherscarryoutthenewstudy?A.Bylookingatreservoirsworldwide.B.Bymakingcomputer-aidedestimates.C.BybuildingfloatovoftaicfarmsintheUS.D.Byprocessingdatagivenbyspecialists.30.Whatdoweknowaboutfloatingsolarpanels?A.Theyareperfectexceptforthehighcost.B.Theyfunctionwellinextremehotweather.C.Theywilleventuallyreplacephotovoltaicpanels.D.Theymaycausepotentialharmtowaterecosystem.31.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A.FloatingSolarPanels—MakingEnergy,SavingWaterB.FloatingSolarPanels—ANewWaytoCoolthePlanetC.FloatingSolarPanels:OurFinalChoiceD.FloatingSolarPanelsTakeUsBacktoWater〖答案〗28.C29.B30.D31.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了浮动太阳能电池板的优势——既能发电又能节约水。【28题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“Theideaisn’tasunusualasitmightseem.Afterall,anysolarpanelhastobewaterproof,sinceitwillbeoutintherain.TherearealreadyseverallargefloatovoltaicfarmsinAsia.Onland,sopanelsareheldupbyspecialframes(框架).Onthewater,foatovotaicisareplacedonafloatingplatfomattachedtothebotoofalakeorreservoir(水库).Floatingsolarpanelscostabout25%morethanthoseplacedonland.(这个想法并不像看起来那么不寻常。毕竟，任何太阳能电池板都必须是防水的，因为它会在雨中使用。亚洲已经有几个大型的浮动光伏电站。在陆地上，太阳能板由特殊框架支撑。在水面上，浮动太阳能电池板被放置在附着在湖底或水库底部的浮动平台上，浮动太阳能电池板的成本比放置在陆地上的太阳能电池板高出25%左右。)”可知，第2段的目的是介绍浮动太阳能电池板的可操作性。故选C。【29题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theyusedcomputerprogamstofigureouthowmuchelectricitycouldbeproducedyearlybycovering30%ofthesereservoirswithfloatingsolarpanels.(他们用计算机程序计算出，如果在30%的水库上安装浮动太阳能电池板，每年可以产生多少电力。)”可知，研究人员是通过计算机辅助估算来进行这项新研究的。故选B。【30题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Coveringtoomuchofareservoirwithpanelscouldaffecttheplantsandanimalsinthewater.(用面板覆盖太多的水库可能会影响水中的植物和动物。)”可知，浮动太阳能电池板可能对水生态系统造成潜在危害。故选D。【31题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第三段“Theanswerwassurprisinglylarge—morethantwicetheamountofenergytheUnitedStatesgeneratesinayearAnd10timesasmuchenergyasallthesolarpowercurrentlybeinggeneratedintheworld.(〖答案〗惊人地大——是美国一年发电量的两倍多，是目前世界上所有太阳能发电量的10倍。)”和倒数第二段“Floatovoltaicscanalsohelpsavewaterbylimitingevaporation(蒸发)fromreservoirs.(浮动光伏还可以通过限制水库的蒸发来帮助节约用水。)”可知，本文主要介绍的是主要介绍了浮动太阳能电池板的优势——既能发电又能节约水，因此最好的题目是A选项“FloatingSolarPanels—MakingEnergy,SavingWater(浮动太阳能电池板——发电，节水)”。故选A。DInthelab,mostmicegoasfarastotakeelectricshocksintheirdesperationtoconsumesugar.Micearen’talone.Humansdosomethingsimilar.Dailysnackingonprocessedfoods,recentstudiesshow,rewiresthebrain’srewardcircuits(回路).AshleyGearhardt,aclinicalpsychologistattheUniversityofMichigan,arguesthathighlyProcessedfoods,veryhighinfatandcarbohydrate,don’texistnaturally.“They’redesignedbyfoodscientiststolookacertainway,feelacertainwayinyourmouth,smellacertainwaywhenyouopenthepackage.”shesays,“Peoplearen’tlosingcontroloverbeans.”Inhighlyprocessedsnacks,sugaroftengoestogetherwithfat-acombinationthatcouldmakesuchfoodsevenmoreaddictive.Fora2023study,DeFeliceantonio’steamasked82peopletosnackoneitherhigh-fat,high-sugaryogurtsorlow-sugar,low-fatonesforeightweeks.Thescientistsdiscoverednotonlythatthefirstgroup’spreferenceforthehealthieryogurtsdecreasedafterthetrialbutthattheirbrainactivationpatternschanged,too.Whentastingfatty,sugarymilkshakes,theyhadanincreasedresponseintheirrewardcircuits.“Highlyprocessedfoodsarecontrollingthebraininawayyou’dseewithaddictiontodrugs,”DeFeliceantoniosays.In2022,GearhardtandDeFeliccantoniopublishedanopinionpieceinthejournalAddictionarguingthathighlyprocessedfoodsshouldbeclassified(分类)asaddictive.Hebebrand,apsychiatristattheUniversityofDuisburg-Essen,however,worriesthatrushingtoclassifycertainfoodsasaddictivecouldletthesugarindustrymakeaneasyescape.Itmaybefollowing“theplaybookofthetobaccoindustry.”Afterall,therewasnoclearproofthatnicotine(尼古丁)wasaddictive,either:researchersdidn’tknowthedosage(剂量)atwhichitbecameaddictive.Asaresult,theaddictivenatureoftobaccowasopposedfordecades.Consideringhighlyprocessedfoods’harmfulhealtheffects,Gearhardtarguesthatit’sbettertoriskmisclassifyinghighlyprocessedfoodsasaddictivethantofailtolabel(贴标签)themassuch.“It’scigarettesalloveragain.”Shesays.32.Whatdoesparagraph2suggest?A.Processedfoodsaretastierthannaturalones.B.Beansaremuchhealthierthanprocessedfoods.C.Peoplecanbecomeaddictedtoprocessedfoods.D.Thedesignofprocessedfoodstakesgreateffort.33.Accordingtothe2023study,thoseeatinghigh-fat,high-sugaryogurtshave________.A.decreasedresponsetohealthyfoodsinrewardsystemB.increasedlikelihoodofdevelopingaddictiontodrugsC.increaseddifficultyinactivatingthebrainwithdrugsD.decreasedinterestinhighlyprocessedsnacks34.WhatisHebebrand‘sattitudetowardsclassifyingsugaraddictive?A.Supportive. B.Cautious. C.Unconcerned. D.Unclear.35.WhatdoesGearhardtmeanbysaying“It’scigarettesalloveragain.”?A.It’stimewelabeledtobaccoasaddictive.B.Themarketwillbefilledwithprocessedfoods.C.weshouldclassifysugarasaddictivebeforeit’stoolate.D.It’samistaketohavemisclassifiedcigarettesasaddictive.〖答案〗32.C33.A34.B35.C【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。介绍了最近的研究表明，每天吃加工食品会重新连接大脑的奖励回路，会对加工食品上瘾。【32题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“AshleyGearhardt,aclinicalpsychologistattheUniversityofMichigan,arguesthathighlyProcessedfoods,veryhighinfatandcarbohydrate,don’texistnaturally.“They’redesignedbyfoodscientiststolookacertainway,feelacertainwayinyourmouth,smellacertainwaywhenyouopenthepackage.”shesays,“Peoplearen’tlosingcontroloverbeans.””（密歇根大学临床心理学家阿什利·吉尔哈特(AshleyGearhardt)认为，高脂肪和高碳水化合物的高度加工食品并不是自然存在的。“它们是由食品科学家设计的，当你打开包装时，它们看起来有某种特定的方式，在嘴里有某种特定的感觉，闻到某种特定的味道。她说，“人们并没有失去对豆子的控制。”）并联系第三段的“Inhighlyprocessedsnacks,sugaroftengoestogetherwithfat-acombinationthatcouldmakesuchfoodsevenmoreaddictive.

(在高度加工的零食中，糖经常和脂肪混在一起，这一组合会使这些食物更容易上瘾。)”可以推断出人们会对加工食品上瘾。故选C项。【33题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Fora

2023study,DeFeliceantonio’steamasked82peopletosnackoneitherhigh-fat,high-sugaryogurtsorlow-sugar,low-fatonesforeightweeks.Thescientistsdiscoverednotonlythatthefirstgroup’spreferenceforthehealthieryogurtsdecreasedafterthetrialbutthattheirbrainactivationpatternschanged,too.Whentastingfatty,sugarymilkshakes,theyhadanincreasedresponseintheirrewardcircuits.”（在2023年的一项研究中，DeFeliceantonio的团队要求82人在八周内食用高脂肪、高糖的酸奶或低糖、低脂的酸奶。科学家们发现，不仅第一组人对健康酸奶的偏好在试验后下降了，而且他们的大脑活动模式也发生了变化。当品尝高脂肪、含糖的奶昔时，他们的奖励回路反应增强。）可知，根据2023年的研究，那些吃高脂肪、高糖酸奶的人对奖励系统中健康食品的反应降低。故选A项。【34题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Hebebrand,apsychiatristattheUniversityofDuisburg-Essen,however,worriesthatrushingtoclassifycertainfoodsasaddictivecouldletthesugarindustrymakeaneasyescape.Itmaybefollowing“theplaybookofthetobaccoindustry.”Afterall,therewasnoclearproofthatnicotine(尼古丁)wasaddictive,either:researchersdidn’tknowthedosage(剂量)atwhichitbecameaddictive.Asaresult,theaddictivenatureoftobaccowasopposedfordecades.”（然而，杜伊斯堡-埃森大学的精神病学家Hebebrand担心，急于将某些食物归类为成瘾食品可能会让制糖业轻松逃脱。它可能是在遵循“烟草业的剧本”。毕竟，没有明确的证据表明尼古丁会上瘾，研究人员也不知道尼古丁上瘾的剂量。因此，烟草的成瘾性被反对了几十年。）可推知，Hebebrand对糖上瘾归类的态度是谨慎的。故选B项。【35题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Consideringhighlyprocessedfoods’harmfulhealtheffects,Gearhardtarguesthatit’sbettertoriskmisclassifyinghighlyprocessedfoodsasaddictivethantofailtolabel(贴标签)themassuch.“It’scigarettesalloveragain.”Shesays.”（考虑到深加工食品对健康的有害影响，Gearhardt认为，与其不给深加工食品贴上这样的标签，还不如冒险将其错误地归类为成瘾性食品。“香烟又来了。”她说。）可推知，Gearhardt说的“香烟又来了”意思是我们应该趁早把糖归类为成瘾性食物。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thereyouwere,sittinginaclassroom,practicingwritinglettersandwords.Maybeyouwereprinting(手写印剧字体)them,ormaybeyouwerelearningcursive(草体).Atsomepoint,youprobablyaskedyourself,“WhydoIneedtoknowhowtowritewhenall1needistopressthekeysonacomputer?”___36___Italsohelpsyouremembertheinformationthatyouwritedown.___37___Actually,beginnerprintingisusuallyverymessy,andsometimeswecannoteventellwhatthelettersare.Also,theshapeofeachlettercanchangeeachtimeachildtriestowriteit.Butrememberthateverytimeachildseesaletterthatlooksalittledifferentbutstillhasthesamename,ithelpsthechild’sbraintolearnthatletter.Researchhasalsoshownthatifyouwrotesomethingbyhand,youwouldrememberitbetterthanifyoutypeditonyourcomputer!Whydoesthishappen?___38___Butspeedmaybetheproblem!Whenwetypeinformation,wetendtotypeexactlywhattheteacherissaying.Withoutthinkingaboutit.Writingbyhandtakeslonger,sowecannotrecordeverythingtheteachersays.Whenwriting,wetendtoputthingsintoourownwordsorsummarizewhattheteachersays.___39___Insummary,writingbyhandcanhelpyoulearnnewthingslikeletters,butitalsoallowsyoutorememberinformationbetterthanifyoutypedit.Itdoesnotmatterhowyouwrite—printing,cursive,abbreviations(宿写).___40___So,keepwriting!A.Thatmakesthingsaloteasier.B.Itjustmattersthatyouwritebyhand.C.Surelyitisquickertotypeduringalecturethantowrite,right?D.Whatdidyourprintinglooklikewhenyoufirststartedtowrite?E.Inaway,takingnotesbyhandisawayofstudyingwhilewearelearning!F.Well,inshort,writingbyhandhelpsyoulearnasetofsymbolsmoreeasily.G.Whenpeoplewriteletters,theyactivelyseeandfeelthelettersbeingwritten.〖答案〗36.F37.D38.C39.E40.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是手写字的好处。【36题详析】空前“Atsomepoint,youprobablyaskedyourself,“WhydoIneedtoknowhowtowritewhenall1needistopressthekeysonacomputer?”(在某些时候，你可能会问自己，“当我所需要的只是按电脑上的键时，为什么我需要知道如何写？”)”说明我们需要用手写字，空后“Italsohelpsyouremembertheinformationthatyouwritedown.(它还可以帮助你记住你写下的信息。)”说明了用手写字的好处，由also可知，空格处也应该讲用手写字的一个好处，F选项“Well,inshort,writingbyhandhelpsyoulearnasetofsymbolsmoreeasily.(简而言之，手写可以帮助你更容易地学习一组符号。)”