2021.12英语四级真题第2套

大学英语四级考试2021年12月真题（第二套）PartI(30minutes)Directions:SupposeyourschoolisorganizinganorientationprogramtohelpthefreshmenadapttothenewaPartIIListening(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearnewsAttheendofeachnewsyouwillheartwoorquestions.Boththenewsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarktheletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinetheQuestions1and2basedonthenewsyouhavejustheard.1.A)Shesufferedfromshock.C)Shewascoughingallthetime.B)ShesufferedfromlungD)Shewaspiercedbyachickenbone.2.A)Throughregularexercising.C)ByeatingchickensoupB)Throughaoperation.D)ByusingtraditionalChinesemedicine.Questions3and4basedonthenewsyouhavejustheard.3.A)Itwasborn13yearsago.C)Itgotinjuredinabigbushfire.B)Itranawayintoanearbyforest.D)ItwasAlicelovelypet.4.A)TheyinstalledacameratomonitorsheepC)Theyspentsevenyearsreplantingtheirfarm.B)Theyclaimeddamagesfortheirheavylosses.D)Theyrebuiltthefencingaroundtheirfarm.Questions5to7basedonthenewsyouhavejustheard.5.A)Thelossofgoldfromanairplane.C)ThetransferoftonsofpreciousmetalbyB)ThecrashofaRussianairplane.D)Thedisappearanceofsomegoldanddiamonds.6.A)Itinformedthelocalpoliceatonce.C)Itmadeanemergencylanding.B)ItcontactedthegoldmineD)Ithadacrewmemberfixtheproblem.7.A)Theywillcooperatewiththepolice.C)Theytooksomegoldbarsanddiamonds.B)TheyhadcheckedtheplaneD)Theywillbequestionedbythepolice.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarktheletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinetheQuestions8tobasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.A)Fortherecords.C)ensureinformationB)Forfuturetrainingpurposes.D)followtherule.9.A)gethermoneybackforthereturnedC)inquireaboutthepriceofofficechairs.B)checkhercustomerreferenceD)makecomplaintsaboutitscustomerservice.10.A)Shewasissuedanewcard.C)Shewhereshehadleftit.B)Shelostitaboutthreedaysago.D)Shehadtoupdateitsinformation.A)Uploadherpersonalinformationtothewebsite.B)Updateherbankcarddetailsonthewebsite.C)Makeaspecificnoteonthesystem.D)Reconsiderheroptionsforpaymentmethods.Questions12to15basedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.A)Hehastoworklate.C)Heisfeelingexhausted.B)Heistiredofcooking.D)HewantstotryAsianfoods.13.A)Bookatable.C)Downloadamenu.B)Locatearestaurant.D)Ordera14.A)ItistooC)ItisnotB)ItistooD)Itisnot15.A)Sheistooeagertoplease.C)Sheistooweight-conscious.B)Sheistoopickyaboutfood.D)SheistooconcernedaboutSectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarktheletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinetheQuestions16to18basedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.A)Moreandmorepeoplearetreatingpetcatsliketheirchildren.B)ParentsandcatownersalikeexperiencehighlevelsofC)Owners’personalitiesaffecttheircats’behaviourandwellbeing.D)Parents’personalitiescanaffectthepersonalitiesoftheirchildren.17.A)Givetheirpetsbehaviouraltraining.C)Knowtheirpets’feelingsanddesires.B)Interactwiththeirpetsinnovelways.D)Providetheirpetswiththebestcare.18.A)Furtherinvestigation.C)Moreextensivesampling.B)Collectionofmoredata.D)Moreconvincingexplanation.Questions19to21basedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.A)Runningistheeasiestformofexerciseformostpeople.B)Peopleshouldexerciseatleast60minuteseveryC)Runningisthebestexerciseforextendinglife.D)Peopleshoulddomorerunningthanmerewalking.20.A)Acceleratingtheirbloodcirculation.C)Regulatingtheirbreathingrate.B)Slowingdowntheirageingprocess.D)Improvingtheirbrainfunction.21.A)Theywerelessaffectedbysadmovies.C)Theystruggledtohandlenegativeemotions.B)Theyweremoreeagertoenjoyamovie.D)Theyfounditeasytocontroltheiremotions.Questions22to25basedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.A)Heisafamousarchitect.C)HeisalocalB)Heisatourguide.D)HeistheowneroftheHillHouse.23.A)Hestudiedtheblueprintsofotherfamousbuildings.C)Hetookatourofhisoldhome.B)Heinquiredabouthisfamilybackground.D)Heobservedhislifeandhabits.24.A)Ahouseofauniquedesign.C)Ahousewithalotoffreespace.B)Ahouseofthecurrentfashion.D)Ahousemadeoftimberandbrick.25.A)Theywerebadlydamagedbutrestored.C)Theyarecopiesbuilttothedesigns.B)Theyweredesignedbyanotherarchitect.D)Theyarewellpreservedandinprettygoodshape.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,isapassagewithtenblanks.toselectoneforeachblankalistofchoicesgiveninabankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullymakingyourchoices.EachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaPleasemarktheletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethemaynotuseanyoftheinthebankthanonce.ItiscommonlybelievedthatthegreatEnglishdramatistandpoetWilliamShakespearewasborninonApril23,1564.Butitisimpossibletoknowthedayonwhichhewasborn.Churchrecordsshowhewasbaptized(施洗礼)onApril26,andthreedayswasacustomaryamountoftimetowaitbeforebaptizinganewlybornShakespeare’sdateofdeathisknown,however:itwasApril23,1616.Hewas52andhadretiredtoStratfordthreeyearsbefore.Althoughfewplayshavebeenperformedoranalyzedasextensivelyasthe38playsShakespearewrote,therearefewsurvivingdetailsabouthislife.This28ofbiographicalinformationisdueprimarilytohissocial;hewasnotanoble,butthesonofaleatherShakespeare30attendedthegrammarschoolinStratford,wherehewouldhavestudiedLatinandread31literature.Hedidnotgotouniversityandatage18marriedAnneHathaway,whowaseightyearshis.Theyhadfourchildren,includingthetwins,HamnetandJudith.NothingisknownoftheperiodbetweenthebirthofthetwinsandasadramatistinLondonintheearly1590s.Inamillionwordswrittenover20years,he34thefullrangeofhumanemotionsandconflictswithathatremainssharpAshisgreatcontemporarythepoetanddramatistBenJonsonsaid,“Hewasnotofanage,butforalltime.”A)capturedI)precisionB)classicalJ)probablyC)conclusivelyK)qualityD)emergenceL)scarcityE)exactM)seniorF)generatedN)separatedG)particularO)systematicallyH)positionSectionBDirections:Inthissection,yougoingtoapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.maychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.EachparagraphismarkedwithaAnswerthequestionsbymarkingtheletteronAnswerSheet2.HowtonotbeboringA)Humansarecreaturesofhabit.lovetoestablisharoutineandstickwithit.Thenweoftenputourselvesonauto-pilot.Routinescanbeincrediblyusefulinhelpingyougetthingsdone.toomuchofaroutinecanalsomakeyouincrediblyboring.Nevertheless,manypeoplelivelivesthatareboringlypredictable,orlivealifewhereeverythingisoutlinedorplanned.B)tellthetruth,interestingpeoplearemorepopularamongtheirfriends.Ifyoudon’tarousesomeone’scuriosityorbrightenyouprobablycomeacrossasbeingalittlebitdull.Butthatmeanyourlifehasendedandyoudoanythingtochangeit.Ifyoufindyourselfsearchingforsomethingtosaybeyondsmalltalk,trythesetacticstofindmoreinterestingapproachestoconversation.C)Iwasatagatheringofcolleagueswhensomeoneturnedtomeandasked,“So,newwithyou?”IthinkI’magoodconversationalist.Afterall,literallymyjobtotalktopeopleandtelltheirstoriesorsharetheiradvice.Andnotexactlyanunexpectedquestion.Still,theonly“new-to-me”topicsthatcametomindweremydaughter’sbasketballtournament(锦标赛)andmyfeelingsaboutthatpoliticalheadlines—neitheramusingnorappropriatetopicsatthatmoment.D)Oh,no,Ithought.HaveIbecomeboring?Butsharingourexperiencesinanauthenticwaytoconnectwithotherpeopleiswhatmakesusinteresting,saysassociateprofessorMichaelPirson.ThehesitationIfeltinnotsharingtheordinarythingsthatwerehappeninginmylife,andthewildmentalsearchforsomethingmoreinteresting,mayhavebackfiredandmademeseemlessinteresting.E)“Ifsomeoneismakingupsomeconversationthatmightbeinteresting,probablynotgoingtolandwell,”saysPirson,whoseexpertiseincludestrustandwell-being,mindfulness,andhumanisticmanagement.goingtofeellikeamade-upconversationthatpeoplenecessarilywanttotuneinto.”F)Themostinterestingpeoplethosewho’vegoneonsomeEat,Lovejourneytofindthemselves.Instead,Pirsonsays,they’rethosewhoexaminethe“Often,the‘boringthings’maynotbeboringatall.Maybetheyareactuallylittlemiracles,”hesays.Shareyourobservationsabouttheworldaroundyou—interestingstoriesyouheardorthingsyounoticed—andyoumaybesurprisedbytheuniversalconnectiontheyinspire.G)ThisisessentiallyhowJessicaHagystartsherTheauthorofHowtoBeInteresting:AnInstructionManual,HagyspendsalotoftimethinkingaboutinterestingtoPeoplewhoareinterestingarepersistentlycurious,shesays.H)Thinkabouttheeverydaythingsaroundyouandaskquestionsaboutthem.WhatisthatroadsidemonumentIseeonmywaytoworkeveryday?Whobuiltthatinterestingbuildinginmycity?Whatnearbyattractionshaven’tIvisited?Whydopeopledothingsthatway?Usewhatyoufindtoaskmorequestionsandlearnmoreabouttheworldaroundyou.“Havingthatsortofcuriosityisalmostlikeaprotectivegearfromgettingintoboredom,”shesays.Andwhenyoufindthingsthataretrulyinterestingtoyou,sharethem.I)veteranAudreyexecutiveproducerofThe,isalwayslookingforwhatwillmakeapersonorstoryinterestingtoviewers.usuallyamatterof“Havingastrongpointofsignaturestyle,orbeingasuper-enthusiastinaparticularfieldmakessomeoneinteresting,”shesays.Thatmeansembracingwhatistrulyinterestingoruniqueaboutyourself.“Manypeopleare‘notboring’inthewaythattheycancarryaconversationorcanbegoodatasocialgathering,etc.beinterestingmeansthatyouhavelivedlife,takenrisks,traveled,soughtoutexperiencetolearnforyourselfandsharewithothers,”shesays.J)Ofcourse,possibletobeafountainofknowledgeandaboringperson,sayspublicrelationsconsultantAndreaPass.Payingattentiontothelistenerisanimportantpartofhavingaconversationinterestingtobothparties.onandonaboutinterestingtoyougoingtomakeyouaninterestingperson,shesays.K)“Ifthelistenerisnotpayingattention,yoursigntoshortenthestoryorchangedirection.Makesuretobringtheaudienceintotheconversationsothatitisnotone-sided,”Passsays.Beabetterlisteneryourself,andgiveothersopportunitiestoparticipateintheconversationbyinvitingthemwithquestionsorrequeststosharetheirownexperiencesorthoughts.(e.g.,tellmeaboutyourfavoritebook,”or“Haveyoueverbeentothatattraction?”)Questionsareapowerfultool,especiallywhentheyencourageotherstodiscloseinformationaboutthemselves.A2012studyfromtheUniversityofCalifornia,SantaBarbara,foundthatroughly40%ofthetimewearetalking,we’redisclosingsubjectiveinformationaboutourexperience.Andwhenwe’redoingso,ourbrainsaremoreengaged.Soonestrategytoleaveotherswiththeimpressionthatyou’reasparklingconversationpartneristogetotherstotalkaboutthemselves.L)Beingrelatableisalsoessential,Morrisseysays.“Thebestentertainmentandstorytellingcomesfrompeoplewhoarerelatable—thosewhoshyawayfromopeningupbutfreelysharewhotheyareandwhattheycareabout.Thesearethepeopleviewersmostrelatetoandfindinteresting.Beingauthentic,honest,andvulnerableisalwaysinteresting.”M)Ihavenowcometorealizethatbeingboring,inactuality,isnotonlyaboutwhoyouareasaperson,butalsohowyoupresentyourself.Nomatterwhat,makesureyouarehavingfuninlife.Becausewhenyouareenjoying,peoplearoundyouwillbegintoenjoyaswell.Showsomeinterestinthemandtheywilldefinitelyshowsomeinyou.Ifyouareaveryreservedperson,thiscouldbealittledifficultatfirst.Butwithalittleeffort,youcandefinitelyimprove.36.Pirsonclaimsthatsomeordinarythingsmayoftenprovetobemiraculouslyinteresting.37.makeaconversationinteresting,itisimportantthatyoulistentotheotherparty38.Apersonwhoisunabletostimulateothers’curiosityormaketheirlifeenjoyablemayappearsomewhatboring.39.Interestingpeopleusuallypossesscertainuniquequalities,accordingtoaTVprogram40.Beinterestedinothersandtheyaresuretobeinterestedinyou.41.Theauthorconsidershimselfusuallygoodatconductingconversations.42.Interestingpeoplearealwaysfullof43.Fallingintoaroutinecanturnapersonintoanutterbore.44.Onestrategytobeagoodconversationalististomotivateyourpartnertotelltheirownstories.45.Interestingasitmightamade-upconversationwillprobablyturnouttobedull.SectionCDirections:There2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemfourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).shoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarktheletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethePassageOneQuestions46to50basedonthefollowingpassage.obesitynowaffecting29%ofthepopulationinEngland,andexpectedtoriseto35%by2030,shouldwenowrecogniseitasadisease?inwhichexcessbodyfathasaccumulatedtosuchanextentthathealthmaybeadverselyaffected,meetsthedictionarydefinitionofdisease,ProfessorJohnHepointsoutthatmorethan200genesinfluenceweight.“Thusbodyweightisstronglyinfluencedbybiology—itisnotanfaultiftheydevelopthewidespreadviewisthatobesityisself-inducedandthatitisentirelytheresponsibilitytodosomethingaboutit.Recognisingobesityasachronicdiseasewithseverecomplicationsratherthanalifestylechoice“shouldhelpreducethestigma(耻辱)anddiscriminationexperiencedbymanypeoplewithheadds.Professordisagreesthatlabellingahighproportionofthepopulationashavingadiseaseremovespersonalresponsibilityormayoverwhelmhealthservices,pointingoutthatothercommondiseases,suchashighbloodpressureanddiabetes,requirepeopletotakeactiontomanagetheircondition.Hesuggeststhatmostpeoplewithobesitywilleventuallydevelopcomplications.“Butunlessweacceptthatobesityisadisease,wearenotgoingtobeabletotackleit,”heconcludes.ButRichardPile,aphysicianwithaspecialinterestindiabetes,arguesthatadoptingthisapproach“couldactuallyresultinworseoutcomesforindividualsandHebelievesthatthedictionarydefinitionofdisease“issovaguethatwecanclassifyalmostanythingasadisease”andsaysthequestionisnotwhetherwecan,butwhetherweshould,andtowhatend.Iflabellingobesityasadiseasewasharmlessthenitreallyhewrites.Butlabellingobesityasadisease“risksreducingdisempoweringandrobbingpeopleoftheintrinsic(内在的)motivationthatissuchanimportantenablerofchange.”more,makingobesityadisease“maynotbenefitpatients,butitwillbenefithealthcareprovidersandthepharmaceutical(制药的)industrywhenhealthinsuranceandclinicalguidelinespromotetreatmentwithdrugsandhewarns.46.WhatdoesProfessorJohnaboutobesity?A)Itsimpactonsocietyisexpectedtorise.C)Itshouldberegardedasageneticdisease.B)Itisnowtoowidespreadtobeneglected.D)Itsdictionarydefinitionshouldbeupdated.47.Whatisthepopularviewofobesity?A)Itisdifficulttodefine.C)Ithasmuchtodowithgenes.B)Itisamoderndisease.D)Itresultsfromalackofself-control.48.Whyaresomepeopleopposedtolabellingobesityasadisease?A)Obesepeoplewouldnotfeelresponsibletotakeanyaction.B)Obesepeoplewouldnotbeabletoaffordthemedicalcosts.C)ObesepeoplewouldbeoverwhelmedwithD)Obesepeoplewouldbediscriminatedagainst.49.WhatdoesRichardPilethinkofthedictionarydefinitionofdisease?A)ItisofnouseinunderstandingC)Ithelpslittletosolvepatients’problems.B)ItistooinclusiveandthuslacksD)Itmatterslittletothedebateover50.WhatisRichardconcernaboutclassifyingobesityasadisease?A)Itmayaffectobesequalityoflife.C)Itmaycauseashortageofdoctors.B)ItmayacceleratethespreadofD)Itmaydolittlegoodtopatients.PassageQuestions51to55basedonthefollowingpassage.Nationwide,onlyaboutthreepercentofearlychildhoodteachersaremaleintheU.S.Expertssaythiscanhaveanimpactonyoungchildrenwhoseunderstandingofgenderrolesandidentityarerapidlyforming.Researchhasfoundthathavingaccesstodiverseteachersisbeneficialforchildren.Fortheyoungestlearners,itmeanstheyaremorelikelytogetexposedtodifferentvarietiesofplayandcommunication.Italsohelpsthemdevelophealthyideasaround“Inourworldandoursociety,wehaveveryspecificstereotypes(模式化形象)ofgenderroles,”saidMindiReich-Shapiro,anassistantprofessorintheteachereducationdepartmentoftheBoroughofManhattanCommunityCollege,andoneoftheauthorsofarecentimportantforchildrentoseeotherpossibilitiesandotherpathstheycantake.”Despitemostlyfeelingsupportedbycolleaguesandfamilymembers,manyofthemaleeducatorssurveyedinthestudyreportedfacingsocialorculturalresistanceintheircareersasearlyeducationteachers.SomealsoreportedthattherewereparentssurprisedorconcernedthattheirchildhadamaleAndtheyhadbeenadvisedbycolleaguesorotherstaffnottohugchildren.Reich-Shapiroandfellowresearchersmadeseveralrecommendationstoincreasemalerepresentationinthefield.Lowpayhaslongbeenacknowledgedasamajorissueintheearlychildhoodfield.Over70%ofmaleeducatorswhosaidtheyintendedtostayintheearlyeducationworkforcenotedanincreasedsalarywasamajormotivatingfactorforthemtocommittothecareerlong-term.Thereportsuggestspayingallearlychildhoodeducatorsthewayelementaryschoolteachersarepaid.Citiesandprogramsshouldestablishsupportgroupsformaleearlychildhoodeduc